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Department of Mechanical Engineering: Course File

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Department of Mechanical Engineering

COURSE FILE
SUBJECT CODE: BMEE1-305

Refrigeration and Air Conditioning

B.TECH (7th SEM.)


ME
(AUG –DEC 2017)

Er. Dhiraj Parkash Dhiman

Swami Vivekanand Institute of Engineering and


Technology, Ram Nagar Banur
Syllabus copy

1. Basic Concepts:
Definition of Refrigeration and Air conditioning; Difference between Refrigeration and cooling;
Difference between Refrigeration and Air conditioning; Brief history of Refrigeration and Air
conditioning; Natural and Mechanical Refrigeration; Applications of Refrigeration and Air
conditioning; Definitions of refrigerant, cooling/ Refrigeration effect, cooling capacity, heating
effect, heating capacity; Units of refrigeration; Coefficient of performance and Energy Efficient
Ratio; COP of a refrigerator; and COP/EPR of a heat pump; Single Phase Reversed Carnot cycle
and its limitations; Two Phase Reversed Carnot cycle and its limitations; Methods of
Refrigeration; Numerical.
2. Gas Cycle Refrigeration and Aircraft Refrigeration & Air conditioning:
Bell Coleman/Reversed Brayton/ Reversed Joule Cycle and its analysis; Numerical; optimum
COP and pressure ratio (No mathematical Analysis); Applications of Gas Cycle Refrigeration;
Necessity of aircraft refrigeration and air conditioning; Classification of aircraft refrigeration and
air conditioning systems; Simple/basic aircraft refrigeration and air conditioning system (with
and without evaporative cooler); Need of evaporator cooler; Boot Strap aircraft refrigeration and
air conditioning system (with and without evaporative cooler); Regenerative aircraft refrigeration
and air conditioning system; Reduced Ambient aircraft refrigeration and air conditioning system;
Dry Air Rated Temperature (DART); Comparison of different aircraft refrigeration and air
conditioning systems; Numerical.
3. Vapour Compression Refrigeration Cycle:
Vapour compression refrigeration system and its basic components; Representation of Simple/
TheoreticaL vapour compression refrigeration cycle on P-v, T-s and P-h diagrams; Dry versus
wet compression; expansion versus throttling of liquid refrigerant; Analysis of
Simple/Theoretical vapour compression refrigeration cycle; Introduction of P-h diagram/chart
and Refrigeration Tables; Determination of properties of sub cooled, saturated and superheated
refrigerant by using saturated properties & specific heat tables/saturated & superheated
properties tables and P-h diagram; Compressor work and volumetric efficiency; Effect on
performance and cooling capacity due to change in evaporator pressure, condenser pressure, sub
cooling of liquid refrigerant, super heating of suction vapours, use of liquid - vapour regenerative
heat exchanger; Effect on performance and cooling capacity due to heat exchange of vapours
with compressor cylinder walls, pressure drop in suction (wire drawing) and discharge valves,
pressure drop in evaporator and condenser; Actual vapour compression refrigeration cycle on T-s
and P-h diagrams (No mathematical analysis); Numericals. Flash gas, its advantages and
disadvantages, and its removal: flash chamber, liquid sub-cooler; Brief introduction (no
mathematical analysis) to compound (multistage) compression, its advantages, schematic
representation of these systems with use of flash chamber, water intercooler, flash intercooler,
liquid sub-cooler (independent and combination of these); Brief introduction (no mathematical
analysis) to multiple evaporator systems, schematic representation of these systems with use of
individual and multiple expansion valves arrangements, with single and multiple (individual and
compound) compressor.
4. Vapour Absorption Refrigeration Cycle (No Mathematical Analysis):
Principle of vapour absorption refrigeration; basic components of the vapour absorption
refrigeration system; Desirable properties of absorption system refrigerant and absorbent; Aqua -
ammonia vapour absorption refrigeration system; Lithium Bromide - water absorption system
(Single and double effect);Electrolux refrigeration system; comparison between vapour
absorption and compression systems.
5. Refrigerants:
Classification and nomenclature of refrigerants; Desirable thermodynamic, chemical and
physical properties of refrigerants; comparative study of commonly used refrigerants and their
fields of application; Azeotropes; Zeotropes; Effect of moisture and oil miscibility; Refrigerants
dying agents and antifreeze solution; leak detection and charging of refrigerants; environmental
aspects of conventional refrigerants; Ecofriendly refrigerants and action plan to reduce
ecological hazards.
6. Alternative Refrigeration Systems and Low Temperature Refrigeration:
(No Mathematical Analysis)
Steam Jet Refrigeration; Mixed Refrigeration Systems; Vortex Tube Refrigeration,
Thermoelectric cooling; Transcritical Carbon Dioxide Compression Refrigeration; Cascade
Refrigeration System; Linde and Claude cycles, cryogenics and its engineering applications.
7. Air Conditioning Concepts and Applications:
Psychrometry; Dry Air; Moist Air; Basic laws obeyed by Dry Air and Moist Air; Psychrometric
properties of air: Dry bulb, wet bulb and dew point temperatures, Relative and specific humidity,
degree of saturation adiabatic saturation temperature, enthalpy of air and water vapours;
Psychrometric chart and its use; Adiabatic mixing of moist air streams without condensation and
with condensation; Numerical.
Human requirement of comforts; effective temperature and comfort charts; Industrial and
comfort air conditioning.
8. Psychometric Processes:
Basic psychrometric processes; Sensible heat process; Latent heat process;Total heat process;
Sensible heat factor; Evaporative cooling; cooling with dehumidification; Heating with
dehumidification; chemical dehumidification; By-pass factor; Contact factor; Psychrometric
processes in air conditioning equipment: Cooling coils, Heating coils, cooling and
dehumidification coils, Evaporative coolers, Adiabatic dehumidifiers, Steam injection, Air
washer; Numerical.
9. Calculations for Air conditioning Load and for Rate and state of Supply Air:
Sources of heat load; sensible and latent heat load; Cooling and heating load estimation;
Apparatus dew point temperature; Rate and state of supply air for air conditioning of different
types of premises; Numerical
10. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Equipment:
Brief description of compressors, condensers, evaporators and expansion devices; Cooling
towers; Ducts; dampers; grills; air filters; fans; room air conditioners; split units; Package and
central air conditioning plants.
Books:
1. C.P. Arora, Refrigeration and Conditioning, Tata McGraw Hill
2. Manohar Prasad, Refrigeration and Conditioning, Wiley Eastern Limited
3. Jordan and Priester, Refrigeration and Conditioning, Prentice Hall of India
4. W.F. Stoecker, Refrigeration and Conditioning, McGraw Hill
Department Of Mechanical Engineering
Name Of Teacher :-Er.Dhiraj Parkash Dhiman

PERIODS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1

9.10- 10.10- 11.10- 12.05- 01.00- 1.55- 2.50- 3.45- 9.10-


DAYS/TIME
10.10 11.10 12.05 01.00 1.55 2.50 3.45 4.40 10.10

RAC LAB X12


MONDAY RAC Y RAC

RAC LAB X11


TUESDAY RAC RAC Y

WEDNESDAY RAC RAC Y

RAC LAB Y11


THURSDAY RAC Y RAC

RAC LAB Y12


FRIDAY RAC Y RAC

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