RE - 5 - Three-Phase Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection Low-Set Stage (NOC3Low) High-Set Stage (NOC3High) Instantaneous Stage (NOC3Inst)
RE - 5 - Three-Phase Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection Low-Set Stage (NOC3Low) High-Set Stage (NOC3High) Instantaneous Stage (NOC3Inst)
RE - 5 - Three-Phase Non-Directional Overcurrent Protection Low-Set Stage (NOC3Low) High-Set Stage (NOC3High) Instantaneous Stage (NOC3Inst)
Contents
1. Introduction .............................................................................................. 2
1.1 Features.............................................................................................. 2
1.2 Application........................................................................................... 2
1.3 Input description.................................................................................. 4
1.4 Output description ............................................................................... 5
2. Description of Operation.......................................................................... 6
2.1 Configuration....................................................................................... 6
2.2 Measuring mode ................................................................................. 6
2.3 Operation criteria................................................................................. 6
2.4 Delayed reset facility and drop-off time in DT mode ............................ 7
2.5 IDMT type operation of NOC3Low ...................................................... 9
2.5.1 Standard curve groups ............................................................... 9
2.5.2 RI curve groups........................................................................ 10
2.5.3 RD curve groups ...................................................................... 11
2.6 Setting groups ................................................................................... 11
2.7 Test mode ......................................................................................... 11
2.8 START, TRIP, BSOUT and CBFP outputs ........................................ 12
2.9 Resetting........................................................................................... 12
3. Parameters and Events .......................................................................... 13
3.1 General ............................................................................................. 13
3.2 Setting values.................................................................................... 14
3.2.1 Actual settings.......................................................................... 14
3.2.2 Setting group 1......................................................................... 15
3.2.3 Setting group 2......................................................................... 16
3.2.4 Control settings ........................................................................ 17
3.3 Measurement values ......................................................................... 19
3.3.1 Input data ................................................................................. 19
3.3.2 Output data .............................................................................. 19
3.3.3 Recorded data.......................................................................... 20
3.3.4 Events ...................................................................................... 24
4. Technical Data ........................................................................................ 25
RE_5_ _ NOC3Low, NOC3High, NOC3Inst ABB Automation
1. Introduction
1.1 Features
1.2 Application
The three-phase non-directional overcurrent function blocks are designed for non-
directional two-phase and three-phase overcurrent and short-circuit protection
whenever the DT characteristic or, as concerns NOC3Low, the IDMT (Inverse
Definite Minimum Time) characteristic is appropriate. Suppression of harmonics is
possible.
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RE_5_ _ NOC3Low, NOC3High, NOC3Inst ABB Automation
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NOC3Low
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RE_5_ _ NOC3Low, NOC3High, NOC3Inst ABB Automation
2.1 Configuration
When the analogue channels and digital inputs have been selected and configured in
the dialogue box, the inputs and outputs of the function block can be configured on a
graphic worksheet of the configuration tool. The phase currents IL1, IL2 and IL3 are
connected to the corresponding IL1, IL2 and IL3 inputs of the function block.
Furthermore, digital inputs are connected to the boolean inputs of the function block
and in the same way, the outputs of the function block are connected to the output
signals.
The function block operates on two alternative measuring principles: the average
value of consecutive instantaneous peak-to-peak values or the numerically calculated
fundamental frequency component of the short-circuit current. The measuring mode is
selected by means of either an MMI parameter or a serial communication parameter.
With both the measuring principles, the operation is insensitive to the DC component
and the operation accuracy is defined in the frequency range f/fn=0.95...1.05. In peak-
to-peak measurement, the harmonics of the phase currents are not suppressed,
whereas in fundamental frequency measurement the harmonics suppression is about
-50 dB at f = n x fn, where n = 2, 3, 4, 5,...
The function starts if the current in one or more phases exceeds the set start current.
The set start current is automatically doubled when the signal connected to the input
DOUBLE is active. The automatic doubling function can be used, e.g. during a
magnetizing inrush or at start-up.
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When the function block starts, the START signal is set to TRUE. Should the
overcurrent situation exceed the set definite operate time or, at the inverse-time
operation, the time determined by the level of the measured current, the function
block operates. The delay of the heavy-duty output relay is included in the total
operate time. When the function block operates, the TRIP signal is set to TRUE.
Additionally, the function blocks NOC3High and NOC3Inst have a fast blocking
output to be used in interlocking-based busbar protection. Once a phase current
exceeds the set start current, the BSOUT signal is set to TRUE. The BSOUT signal
remains active for at least 20 ms. The START output is set to TRUE if at least one
digitally filtered phase current exceeds the start current. If the START signal is not
activated within the 20 ms, the signal BSOUT will reset.
The DT ot IDMT timer is allowed to run only if the blocking signal BS1 is inactive,
i.e. its value is FALSE. When the signal becomes active, i.e. its value turns to TRUE,
the timer will be stopped (frozen).
When the blocking signal BS2 is active, the TRIP signal cannot be activated. The
TRIP signal can be blocked by activating the signal BS2 until the function block
drops off.
The purpose of the delayed reset function is to enable fast clearance of intermittent
faults, e.g. self-sealing insulation faults, and severe faults which may produce high
asymmetrical fault currents that partially saturate the current transformers. It is typical
for an intermittent fault that the fault current contains so- called drop-off periods
during which the fault current is below the set start current. Without the delayed reset
function the DT timer would reset once the current drops off. In the same way, an
apparent drop-off period of the secondary current of the saturated current transformer
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RE_5_ _ NOC3Low, NOC3High, NOC3Inst ABB Automation
might reset the DT timer. The adjustable delayed reset function also enables closer
co-ordination with electromechanical induction disc relays.
When the DT timer has started, it goes on running as normally even if the current
drops off, provided the drop-off period is shorter than the set drop-off time. If the
drop-off period is longer than the set drop-off time, the DT timer will reset when the
drop-off time elapses (Figure 4).
In Figures 4 and 5 the input signal IN of the DT timer is TRUE when the current is
above the set start value and FALSE when the current is below the set start value.
1
IN
0
START
TRIP
Drop-off time
Drop-off
timer
Dropoff1.fh7
Operate time
Operate
timer
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If the drop-off period is shorter than the set drop-off time and the DT timer time has
elapsed during the drop-off period, the function block will trip once the current
exceeds the set value again (Figure 5).
1
IN
0
START
TRIP
Drop-off time
Drop-off
timer
Dropoff2.fh7
Operate time
Operate
timer
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At the inverse-time mode of NOC3Low the operate time is a function of the current;
the higher the current, the shorter is the operate time. Six time/current curve groups
are available. Four of the groups comply with the BS 142 and IEC 60255 standards,
whereas the two curve groups RI and RD (RXIDG) are special type of curve groups
corresponding to the ABB praxis. The setting “Operation mode” is used for selecting
the desired operate time characteristic. (For a graphical presentation of the curves,
refer to the manual “Technical Descriptions of Functions, Introduction”.)
kxβ
t[s] =
I α
( ) −1
I>
where
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RE_5_ _ NOC3Low, NOC3High, NOC3Inst ABB Automation
Inverse-time α β
characteristic
Normal inverse 0.02 0.14
Very inverse 1.0 13.5
Extremely inverse 2.0 80.0
Long-time inverse 1.0 120
According to the standard BS 142: 1966 the effective current range is defined as
2...20 times the set start current. If the time/current characteristic is normal inverse,
very inverse or extremely inverse, the function has to start at the latest when the
current exceeds the set start current by 1.3 times. For the long-time inverse
characteristic, the effective current range is specified to be 2...7 times the set start
current and the relay is to start at the latest when the current exceeds the setting value
by 1.1 times. The three-phase non-directional overcurrent function block NOC3Low
will start and the IDMT integration will begin once the current exceeds the set start
value.
The operate time tolerances specified by the standard BS 142 : 1966 are the following
(E denotes the accuracy in per cent):
The tolerance factors have to be smaller than those defined by the standard BS 142:
1966 for currents 2 and 5 times the setting. The function block NOC3Low complies
with the tolerances of class 5 (E = 5.0%) for all inverse-time curves.
For example:
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ABB Automation NOC3Low, NOC3High, NOC3Inst RE_5_ _
k
t s =
I>
0. 339 − 0. 236 x
I
I
t[s] = 5. 8 -1. 35 x ln
k x I>
The accuracy of the RI- and RD-type characteristics is 5%. Also with the RI- and RD-
type characteristics, the function block will start and the IDMT integration will begin
once the current exceeds the set start current.
Two different groups of setting values, group 1 and group 2, are available for the
function block. Switching between the two groups can be done in the following three
ways:
The control parameter “Active group” indicates the setting group valid at a given
time.
The digital outputs of the function block can be activated with separate control
parameters for each output either locally via the MMI or externally via the serial
communication. When an output is activated with the test parameter, an event
indicating the test is generated.
The protection functions operate normally while the outputs are tested.
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The output signal START is always pulse-shaped. The minimum pulse width of the
START and TRIP output signals is set via a separate parameter on the MMI or on
serial communication. If the start situation is longer than the set pulse width, the
START signal remains active until the start situation is over. The output signal TRIP
may have a non-latching or latching feature. When the latching mode has been
selected, the TRIP signal remains active until the output is reset even if the operation
criteria have reset.
The output signal BSOUT of NOC3High and NOC3Inst is always pulse-shaped with
the minimum width of 20 ms.
The function block provides a delayed trip signal CBFP after the TRIP signal unless
the fault has disappeared during the set CBFP time delay. In circuit-breaker failure
protection, the CBFP output can be used to operate a circuit breaker in front of the
circuit breaker of the feeder. The control parameter “Trip pulse” also sets the width of
the CBFP output signal.
2.9 Resetting
The TRIP output signal and the registers can be reset either via the RESET input, or
over the serial bus or the local MMI.
The operation indicators, latched trip signal and recorded data can be reset as follows:
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3.1 General
• Each function block has a specific channel number for serial communication
parameters and events. The channel for NOC3Low is 31, that for NOC3High 32
and that for NOC3Inst 33.
• The data direction of the parameters defines the use of each parameter as follows:
Data direction Description
R, R/M Read only
W Write only
R/W Read and write
• The different event mask parameters (see section “Control settings”) affect the
visibility of events on the MMI or on serial communication (LON or SPA) as
follows:
Event mask 1 (FxxxV101/102) SPA / MMI (LON)
Event mask 2 (FxxxV103/104) LON
Event mask 3 (FxxxV105/106) LON
Event mask 4 (FxxxV107/108) LON
For example, if only the events E3, E4 and E5 are to be seen on the MMI of the
relay terminal, the event mask value 56 (8 + 16 + 32) is written to the “Event mask
1” parameter (FxxxV101).
In case a function block includes more than 32 events, there are two parameters
instead of e.g. the “Event mask 1” parameter: the parameter “Event mask 1A”
(FxxxV101) covers the events 0...31 and “Event mask 1B”(FxxxV102) the events
32...63.
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RE_5_ _ NOC3Low, NOC3High, NOC3Inst ABB Automation
NOC3Low
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NOC3Low
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NOC3Low
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NOC3Low
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RE_5_ _ NOC3Low, NOC3High, NOC3Inst ABB Automation
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NOC3Low
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RE_5_ _ NOC3Low, NOC3High, NOC3Inst ABB Automation
3.3.3.1 General
The information required for later fault analysis is recorded when the function block
starts or trips, or when the recording function is triggered via an external triggering
input.
The data of three last operations (operation 1...3) are recorded and the values of the
most recent operation always replace the data of the oldest operation. The registers
are updated in the following order: Operation 1, Operation 2, Operation 3, Operation
1, Operation 2,...
The recording function can be blocked via the BSREG input. For example, if an auto-
reclose sequence is initiated by the trip signal of the function block, the values most
reliable for later fault analysis are those recorded just before Shot 1. When the auto-
reclose sequence has started, no recordings are needed at the moment of tripping. The
output signal ACTIVE in AR5Func indicating AR in progress is connected to the
BSREG input to prevent useless recording.
The time stamp indicates the rising edge of the START, TRIP or TRIGG signal.
3.3.3.3 Duration
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3.3.3.4 Currents
If the function block trips, the current values are updated at the moment of tripping
i.e. on the rising edge of the TRIP signal. For external triggering, the current values
are updated at the moment of triggering i.e. on the rising edge of the input signal
TRIGG. If the function block starts but does not trip, the current values captured one
fundamental cycle (20 ms at rated frequency 50 Hz) after the beginning of the start
situation are recorded. So the values of the phase currents IL1, I L2 and I L3 always
originate from the same moment and are recorded as multiples of the rated current In.
The status data of the input signals BS1, BS2 and DOUBLE as well as the “Active
group” parameter are recorded at the moment of triggering. The “Active group”
parameter indicates the setting group valid for the recorded data.
3.3.3.6 Priority
1 Tripping
2 Starting
3 External triggering,
which means that if the function block has started, it will neglect an external
triggering request.
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3.3.4 Events
NOC3Low
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f/fn = 0.95...1.05
Reset time 40...1000 ms (depends on the minimum pulse width set for the
TRIP output)
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