B.Tech ECE Cbcs Curricullum&syllabus (2015R) PDF

DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
CBCS
CURRICULUM
&
SYLLABUS
(Applicable for Students admitted from Academic Year 2015-16)
B. Tech.
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

VISION
The vision of the ECE Department is to offer quality higher education in the Electronics and
Communication Engineering field with research focus catering to the needs of the public and
moulding electronics engineers to meet the challenges of modern Industrial society.
MISSION
The Mission of the ECE Department is to provide high quality education that will transform students
into professional engineers who are prepared to meet the needs of society and adapt to rapidly
changing technology of the Electronic Industry in particular, along with IT & other inter- -disciplinary
fields in general.
PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES
PEO-1 To provide students with a strong foundation in the Mathematical, Scientific and Engineering
fundamentals necessary to formulate, solve and analyze engineering problems and to
prepare them for graduate studies, R&D, consultancy and higher learning
PEO -2 To provide exposure to emerging cutting edge technologies, adequate training &
opportunities to work as teams on multidisciplinary projects with effective
communication skills and leadership qualities.
PEO -3 To prepare the students for a successful career and work with values & social concern,
bridging the digital divide and meeting the requirements of Indian and multinational
companies.
PEO -4 To promote student awareness on life-long learning and to introduce them to professional
ethics and codes of professional practice.
PROGRAM OUTCOMES
PO1. An ability to apply knowledge of fundamentals of mathematics, science, and engineering.
PO2. An ability to identify, formulate and solve Electronics and Communication Engineering
problems.
PO3. An ability to understand and correctly interpret the impact of engineering solutions in a social/
global context.
PO4. An ability to use research approaches for problem analysis and design.
PO5. An ability to skillfully use modern engineering tools and techniques necessary for engineering
design, analysis and applications.
PO6. Ability to apply contextual knowledge relevant to professional engineering practices.
PO7. Understand the need for sustainable development and impact of professional engineering
solutions in societal and environmental context.
PO8. Understanding of professional and ethical responsibility.
PO9. An ability to function and/or develop leadership in multi-disciplinary teams.
PO10. Ability to communicate effectively.
PO11. Ability to apply engineering and management principles to manage projects.
PO12. An ability to engage in life-long learning to follow developments in electronics and

communication engineering.
1
Semester I
Sl. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

No. Code classification
Theory
1 ELA101 CF Technical English 3 0 0 3 3
2 MAA101 CF(BS) EngineeringMathematics– I 3 1 0 4 4
3 PHA101/ CF(BS) Engineering Physics / Engineering 3 0 0 3 3
CYA101 Chemistry
4 CSA101 CF(ES) ComputerProgramming 3 0 0 3 3
Practical
5 PHA131/ CF(BS) Physics lab/Chemistry Lab 0 0 3 1 3
CYA131
6 CSA131 CF(ES) Computer Programming Lab 0 0 3 1 3
7 ELA131 CF Communication Skills Lab-I 0 0 3 1 3
8 GEA131 CF(ES) Engineering Practices Lab-I 0 0 3 1 3
9 MEA101 CF(ES) Computer Aided 1 1 3 3 5
EngineeringDrawing
Total 20 30
Semester II
Sl. Course Code Course Course Title L T P C TCH

No. classification
Theory
1 MAA102 CF (BS) Engineering Mathematics – II 3 1 0 4 4
2 PHA101/ CF(BS) Engineering Chemistry / 3 0 0 3 3
CYA101 Engineering Physics
3 CYA102 CC (PC) Environmental Science and 3 0 0 3 3
Engineering
4 ECB101 CC (PC) Electron Devices & Circuits 3 1 0 4 4
5 EEB121 CF (ES) Electrical Machines 3 1 0 4 4
6 ELA102 CF Personality Development and Soft 3 0 0 3 3
Skills
Practical
7 PHA131/ CF(BS) Physics lab/Chemistry Lab 0 0 3 1 3
CYA131
8 GEA132 CF(ES) Engineering Practices Lab-II 0 0 3 1 3
9 ECB131 CC (PC) Circuits and Devices Lab 0 0 3 1 3
Total 24 30
2
Semester III
Sl. No. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

Code classification
Theory
1 MAA202 CF (BS) Engineering Mathematics – III 3 1 0 4 4
2 ECB201 CC (PC) Electronic Circuits 3 1 0 4 4
3 ECB202 CC (PC) Digital Systems 3 1 0 4 4
4 ECB203 CC (PC) Signals and Systems 3 1 0 4 4
5 ECB204 CC (PC) Electromagnetic Fields and 3 1 0 4 4
Waves
6 EE Engineering Elective-I 3 0 0 3 3
Practical
7 ECB231 CC (PC) Electronic Circuits Lab 0 0 3 1 3
8 ECB232 CC (PC) Digital Systems Lab 0 0 3 1 3

9 EEB141 CF (ES) Electrical Machines Lab 0 0 3 1 3
10 SSA231 CF Aptitude – I 1 0 1 1 2
Total 27 34
Semester IV

Theory
1 MAA204 CF (BS) Random Processes 3 1 0 4 4
2 ECB205 CC Linear Integrated Circuits 3 1 0 4 4
3 ECB206 CC Control Systems 3 1 0 4 4
4 ECB207 CC Analog Communication 3 1 0 4 4
5 EE Engineering Elective-II 3 0 0 3 3
6 OE Open Elective-I 3 0 0 3 3
Practical
7 ECB233 CC 0 0 3 1 3
Linear Integrated Circuits Lab
8 ECB234 CC MATLAB & Simulink Lab 0 0 3 1 3
9 ECB235 CC Analog Communication Lab 0 0 3 1 3
10 SSA232 CF Aptitude – II 1 0 1 1 2
Total 26 33
3
Semester V

Theory
1 ECB301 CC (PC) Digital Signal Processing 3 1 0 4 4
2 ECB302 CC (PC) Digital Communication 3 1 0 4 4
3 ECB303 CC (PC) Microprocessors & Microcontroller 3 1 0 4 4
4 CC (PE) Professional Elective-I 3 0 0 3 3
5 EE Engineering Elective-III 3 0 0 3 3
6 OE Open Elective-II 3 0 0 3 3
Practical
7 ECB331 CC (PC) 0 0 3 1 3
Digital Signal Processing Lab
8 ECB332 CC (PC) Digital Communication Lab 0 0 3 1 3
9 ECB333 CC Microprocessors & Microcontroller 0 0 3 1 3
Lab
10 ECB334 CC Project Work 0 0 6 2 -
11 SSA331 CF Placement Preparatory Program 1 0 1 1 2
Total 27 32
Project Work by students does not require contact hours
Semester VI
Sl. No. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

Code classification
Theory
1 ECB304 CC (PC) Transmission Lines and Waveguides 3 1 0 4 4
2 ECB305 CC (PC) Antennas & Wave Propagation 3 1 0 4 4
3 CC (PE) Professional Elective-II 3 0 0 3 3
4 CC (PE) Professional Elective-III 3 0 0 3 3
5 EE Engineering Elective-IV 3 0 0 3 3
6 OE Open Elective-III 3 0 0 3 3
Practical
7 ECB335 CC (PC) Comprehensive Viva 0 0 3 2 3
8 ELA331 CF Communication Skills & Personality 0 0 2 1 2
Development
9 ECB336 CC Data Communication and Networks 1 0 3 2 4
Lab
Total 25 29
4
Semester VII

No. Code classificati
on
Theory
1 ECB401 CC (PC) 3 1 0 4 4
Microwave Engineering
2 ECB402 CC (PC) VLSI Design 3 1 0 4 4
3 CC (PE) Professional Elective-IV 3 0 0 3 3
4 CC (PE) Professional Elective-V 3 0 0 3 3
5 CC (PE) Professional Elective-VI 3 0 0 3 3
6 EE Engineering Elective-V 3 0 0 3 3
7 OE Open Elective-IV 3 0 0 3 3
Practical
8 ECB431 CC (PC) Microwave Engineering& 0 0 3 1 3
Optical Communication
Lab
9 ECB432 CC (PC) VLSI Design Lab 0 0 3 1 3
Total 25 29
Semester VIII

Practical
1 ECB441 CC (PC) Project & Viva-voce 0 0 24 6 24
Total 6 24
Total = 180
Professional Elective Courses- PE for B.Tech (ECE) Regular
Semester -V
Sl. Course
No Code Course Title L T P C TCH
1 MAC351 Numerical Methods 3 0 0 3 3
2 ECC351 Advanced Microprocessors 3 0 0 3 3
3 ECC352 Nano Electronics and Devices 3 0 0 3 3
4 3 0 0 3 3
ECC353 Embedded Automotive Systems
5 Electronic Measurements and 3 0 0 3 3

ECC354
Instrumentation
5
Professional Elective Courses- PE for B.Tech (ECE) with Specialization in Biomedical
Engineering
Semester -V
Sl. Course
1 ECC355 Basic Human Anatomy and Physiology 3 0 0 3 3

2 ECC356 Biomedical Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3
Semester –VI
Sl. Course
1 ECC357 3 0 0 3 3
Telecommunication Switching & Networks
2 ECC358 Software Defined Radio 3 0 0 3 3
3 ECC359 Speech Signal Processing 3 0 0 3 3
4 ECC360 Mobile Communication 3 0 0 3 3
5 ECC361 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 3 3
6 ECC362 Biomedical Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3
7 ECC363 Digital System Design with HDL 3 0 0 3 3

Engineering
Semester -VI
Sl. Course
1 ECC364 Bio-Sensors and Signal Processing 3 0 0 3 3
2 ECC365 Medical Image Processing 3 0 0 3 3
3 ECC366 Bio-materials and Artificial Organs 3 0 0 3 3
6
Semester –VII
Sl. Course
1 ECC451 High Speed Networks 3 0 0 3 3
2 ECC452 Wireless Networks 3 0 0 3 3
3 ECC453 Remote Sensing 3 0 0 3 3
4 ECC454 Telecommunication System Modelling 3 0 0 3 3

&Simulation
5 ECC455 Radar Systems 3 0 0 3 3
6 ECC456 Pattern Recognition 3 0 0 3 3
7 ECC457 Fundamentals of Video Processing 3 0 0 3 3
8 ECC458 Satellite Communication 3 0 0 3 3
9 ECC459 Optoelectronic Devices 3 0 0 3 3
10 ECC460 Optical Communication 3 0 0 3 3
11 ECC461 Embedded Systems 3 0 0 3 3

Engineering
Semester -VII
Sl. Course
1 ECC462 Medical Imaging Systems 3 0 0 3 3
2 ECC463 Pattern Recognition Techniques and 3 0 0 3 3

Applications
3 ECC464 Wavelet Transforms and its Applications 3 0 0 3 3
Engineering Elective Courses -EE

Semester –III
Sl. Course
1 ECD251 Introduction to Communication Systems 3 0 0 3 3
2 ECD252 Linear Circuits 3 0 0 3 3
7
3 ECD253 Analog Electronics 3 0 0 3 3
4 ECD254 Digital Electronics 3 0 0 3 3
Semester -IV
Sl. Course
1 ECD255 Basics of Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 3 3

Techniques
2 ECD256 Data Communication and Network 3 0 0 3 3
System
3 ECD257 Microprocessor and Embedded Systems 3 0 0 3 3
Semester -V
Sl. No Course
Code Course Title L T P C TCH
1 ECD351 Mobile Communication Engineering 3 0 0 3 3
2 ECD352 Radar and Optical Communication 3 0 0 3 3
3 ECD353 Programming in MATLAB 3 0 0 3 3
Semester -VI
Sl. Course
1 ECD354 Image Processing and Pattern Recognition 3 0 0 3 3
2 ECD355 Digital Design and Implementation using HDL 3 0 0 3 3

& VHDL
3 ECD356 Basics of Satellite Communication 3 0 0 3 3
Semester -VII
Sl. Course
1 ECD451 Fundamentals of Wireless Sensor Networks 3 0 0 3 3
2 ECD452 Telecommunication Switching Techniques 3 0 0 3 3
3 ECD453 Fundamentals of SDR 3 0 0 3 3
8
Engineering Elective Courses
Semester –III (Engineering Elective-I)
Sl. Course
Department of Aeronautical Engineering
AED251 Aircraft Design 3 0 0 3 3

AED252 Elements of Avionics 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Automobile Engineering
ATD251 Automotive Engines 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Chemical Engineering
CHD251 Petrochemical Engineering 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Civil Engineering
CED251 Solid waste Management 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
CSD251 Object Oriented Programming 3 0 0 3 3
CSD252 Java programming 3 0 0 3 3
CSD253 Web Development 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering
EED251 Electrical Drives And Control 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering
EID251 Measurements and Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3
EID252 Digital Principles and System Design 3 0 0 3 3
EID253 Instrumentation for Environmental Analysis 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Mechanical Engineering
MED251 Applied Thermodynamics 3 0 0 3 3
Semester –IV (Engineering Elective-II)
Sl. Course
AED253 Aero Engine Maintenance and Repair 3 0 0 3 3

AED254 Aircraft Maintenance Practices 3 0 0 3 3
9
AED255 Introduction to NDT 3 0 0 3 3
ATD252 Automotive Safety 3 0 0 3 3
CHD252 Genetic Engineering 3 0 0 3 3
CED252 Air and Noise Pollution 3 0 0 3 3
CSD254 Python Programming 3 0 0 3 3
CSD255 C with Assembly language programming 3 0 0 3 3
CSD256 Mobile Application Development 3 0 0 3 3
EED252 Electronics And Microprocessors 3 0 0 3 3
EID254 Automotive Instrumentation and Embedded

3 0 0 3 3
Systems
EID255 Aircraft Systems and Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3
EID256 Microprocessor and Applications 3 0 0 3 3
MED252 Non-destructiveTesting 3 0 0 3 3
MED253 UnconventionalMachining 3 0 0 3 3
MED254 CNC Technology 3 0 0 3 3
MED255 Industrial Robotics 3 0 0 3 3

Semester –V (Engineering Elective-III)
Sl. Course
AED351 Air Transportation & Aircraft Maintenance 3 0 0 3 3

AED352 Experimental Stress Analysis 3 0 0 3 3
AED353 Computer Integrated Manufacturing 3 0 0 3 3
10
ATD351 Fuel Cells and Applications 3 0 0 3 3
CHD351 Neural Networks and Artificial Intelligence 3 0 0 3 3
CHD352 Polymer and Elastomer Technology 3 0 0 3 3
CED351 Sustainable Engineering Practices 3 0 0 3 3
CSD351 Software Project Management 3 0 0 3 3
CSD352 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 3 3
CSD353 System Modelling and Simulation 3 0 0 3 3
EED351 Control Engineering 3 0 0 3 3
EID351 Instrumentation and Process Control 3 0 0 3 3
EID352 Bio Medical Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3
EID353 Instrumentation in Automotive Industries 3 0 0 3 3
MED351 Fundamentals of Computer Integrated 3 0 0 3 3

Manufacturing
MED352 3 0 0 3 3
Fundamentals of Engineering Design
MED353 Machine Vision System 3 0 0 3 3
Semester –VI (Engineering Elective-IV)
Sl. Course
AED354 Airframe Maintenance & Repair Practices 3 0 0 3 3
AED355 Fundamentals of space vehicle design 3 0 0 3 3

AED356 Aeroelasticity 3 0 0 3 3
ATD352 Automobile Engineering 3 0 0 3 3
11
CHD353 3 0 0 3 3
Transport Processes
CED352 Project Safety Management 3 0 0 3 3

CSD354 Wireless Sensor Networks 3 0 0 3 3
CSD355 Cyber security & Cyber Laws 3 0 0 3 3
CSD356 Big Data Analytics 3 0 0 3 3
EED352 Energy Audit And Energy Regulation 3 0 0 3 3
EID354 Fiber Optics and Laser Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3

EID355 Power plant Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3
EID356 Microcontrollers and PLC 3 0 0 3 3
MED354 Basic Refrigeration and Air-conditioning 3 0 0 3 3
MED355 Power Plant Technology 3 0 0 3 3
MED356 Industrial Automation 3 0 0 3 3
MED357 Mechatronics System Design 3 0 0 3 3
MED358 Virtual Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3
MED359 Design of Building Automation 3 0 0 3 3
Semester –VII (Engineering Elective-V)
Sl. Course
AED451 Wind Tunnel Techniques 3 0 0 3 3
AED452 Vibration and Aero Elasticity 3 0 0 3 3
AED453 Fatigue and Fracture Mechanics 3 0 0 3 3
ATD451 Fleet Management 3 0 0 3 3
12
CHD451 Industrial Catalysis 3 0 0 3 3
CED451 Intelligent Transportation systems 3 0 0 3 3
CSD451 Cyber Forensics 3 0 0 3 3
CSD452 Ethical Hacking 3 0 0 3 3
CSD453 IT infrastructure Management 3 0 0 3 3
EED451 Building Energy Management And Control 3 0 0 3 3

Systems
EID451 Internet of Things-Embedded Control 3 0 0 3 3
EID452 Virtual Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3
EID453 Automotive Sensors and Applications 3 0 0 3 3
MED451 Industrial Safety& Maintenance Engineering 3 0 0 3 3
MED452 Quality Control and Reliability Engineering 3 0 0 3 3
MED453 Applied Hydraulics and Pneumatics 3 0 0 3 3
MED454 Non-destructiveTesting Methods 3 0 0 3 3
MED455 Industrial Maintenance and Condition 3 0 0 3 3

Monitoring Engineering
Open Electives
a) Semester IV (Open Elective-I)
Sl. Course
Department of English
1 ELF251 Introduction to Media Studies 3 0 0 3 3
2 ELF252 Introduction to Film Studies 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Chemistry
3 CYF251 Applied Chemistry I 3 0 0 3 3
13
Department of Foreign Language
4 FLF251 French 3 0 0 3 3
5 FLF252 German 3 0 0 3 3
6 FLF253 Japanese 3 0 0 3 3
School of Management
7 MGF251 Organizational Behaviour 3 0 0 3 3
8 MGF252 Business Communication 3 0 0 3 3
b) Semester – V(Open Elective-II)
Sl. Course
1 ELF351 Writing for Media: Theory & Practice 3 0 0 3 3
2 ELF352 Introduction to Linguistics 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Chemistry
3 CYF351 Applied Chemistry II 3 0 0 3 3
4 CYF352 Analytical Chemistry I 3 0 0 3 3
5 MGF351 Research methods in Business 3 0 0 3 3
6 MGF352 Entrepreneurship Development 3 0 0 3 3
7 MGF353 Principles of Management 3 0 0 3 3
c) Semester VI (Open Elective-III)
Sl. Course
1 ENF353 Introduction to Translation Studies 3 0 0 3 3
2 ENF354 Indian Literatures in Translation 3 0 0 3 3
Department of Foreign Language
3 FLF251 French 3 0 0 3 3
4 FLF252 German 3 0 0 3 3
5 FLF253 Japanese 3 0 0 3 3
14
6 MGF354 Business Plan and Ethics 3 0 0 3 3
7 MGF355 Business Economics 3 0 0 3 3
8 MGF356 Professional Ethics 3 0 0 3 3
d) Semester VII (Open Elective-IV)
Sl. Course
1 ELF451 Advanced Academic Writing 3 0 0 3 3
2 MGF451 Total Quality Management 3 0 0 3 3
3 MGF452 Family Business Management 3 0 0 3 3
4 MGF453 Social Entrepreneurship 3 0 0 3 3
15
Semester wise Credit
Grand
Course Category I II III IV V VI VII VIII Total
Total
English 4 3 1 1 1 1 - - 11
44
CF BS 8 8 4 4 - - - - 24
ES 8 1 - - - - - - 9
PC
- 11 16 12 12 8 8 - 67
(Theory)
PC # 109
CC - 1 3 3 5 4 2 6 24
(Practical)
PE - - - - 3 6 9 - 18
EE - - 3 3 3 3 3 - 15 15
OE - - - 3 3 3 3 - 12 12
Total 20 24 27 26 27 25 25 6 180 180
#Project
16
SEMESTER - I
ELA101 TECHNICAL ENGLISH
L T P C
3 0 0 3
GOAL
The goal of the programme is to provide a theoretical input towards nurturing accomplished learners
who can function effectively in the English language skills; to cultivate in them the ability to indulge in
rational thinking, independent decision-making and lifelong learning; to help them become responsible
members or leaders of the society in and around their workplace or living space; to communicate
successfully at the individual or group level on engineering activities with the engineering community
in particular, and on multi-disciplinary activities in general, with the world at large.
OBJECTIVES
The course should enable the students to:
1. Widen the capacity of the learners to listen to English language at the basic level and
understand its meaning.
2. Enable learners to communicate in an intelligible English accent and pronunciation.
3. Assist the learners in reading and grasping a passage in English.

4. Learn the art of writing simple English with correct spelling, grammar and punctuation.
5. Cultivate the ability of the learners to think and indulge in divergent and lateral thoughts.
OUTCOME
The students should be able to:
1. Have the self-confidence to improve upon their informative listening skills by an enhanced
acquisition of the English language.
2. Speak English at the formal and informal levels and use it for daily conversation, presentation,
group discussion and debate.
3. Read, comprehend and answer questions based on literary, scientific and technological texts.
4. Write instructions, recommendations, checklists, process-description, letter-writing and report
writing.
5. Have the confidence to develop thinking skills and participate in brainstorming, mind-mapping,
audiovisual activities, creative thinking and also answer tests in the job-selection processes.
`UNIT I LISTENING SKILL 9
Listening to the sounds, silent letters & stress in English words & sentences - Listening to
conversation & telephonic conversation -- Listening for general meaning & specific information --
Listening for positive & negative comments - Listening to technical topics - Listening to prose & poetry
reading - Listening exercises.
Embedded language learning: Sentence definition -- Spelling & punctuation -- Imperative form
Sequencing of sentences -- Gerunds -- Infinitives -- 'Wh-'questions.
UNIT II SPEAKING SKILL 9
Self-introduction - Expressing personal opinion - Dialogue - Conversation - Simple oral interaction -
Speaking on a topic -- Expressing views for & against -- Speaking on personal topics like hobbies,
topics of interest, present & past experiences, future plans - Participating in group discussions, role
plays, debates, presentations, power-point presentations & job-interviews.
17
Embedded language learning: Adverbs -Adjectives - Comparative and Numerical adjectives -- Nouns
& compound nouns -- Prefixes and suffixes.
UNIT III READING SKILL 9
Reading anecdotes, short stories, poems, parts of a novel, notices, message, time tables,
advertisements, leaflets, itinerary, content page - Reading pie chart & bar chart -- Skimming and
scanning -- Reading for contextual meaning - Scanning for specific information -- Reading newspaper
& magazine articles - Critical reading -- Reading-comprehension exercises.
Embedded language learning: Tenses - Active and passive voice -- Impersonal passive -- Words and
their function -- Different grammatical forms of the same word.
UNIT IV WRITING SKILL 9
Writing emails, notes, messages, memos, notices, agendas, advertisements, leaflets, brochures,
instructions, recommendations & checklists -- Writing paragraphs -- Comparisons & contrasts Process
description of Flow charts - Interpretation of Bar charts & Pie charts - Writing the minutes of a meeting
-- Report writing -- Industrial accident reports -- Letter-writing -- Letter to the editors - Letter inviting &
accepting or declining the invitation - Placing orders - Complaints -- Letter requesting permission for
industrial visits or implant training, enclosing an introduction to the educational institution -- Letters of
application for a job, enclosing a CV or Resume - Covering letter.
Embedded language learning: Correction of errors - Subject-verb Concord -- Articles - Prepositions -
Direct and indirect speech.
UNIT V THINKING SKILL 9
Eliciting & imparting the knowledge of English using thinking blocks - Developing thinking skills along
with critical interpretation side by side with the acquisition of English -- Decoding diagrams & pictorial
representations into English words, expressions, idioms and proverbs.
Embedded language learning: General vocabulary -- Using expressions of cause and effect -
Comparison & contrast -- If-conditionals -- Expressions of purpose and means.
REFERENCES
1. Norman Whitby. Business Benchmark: Pre-Intermediate to Intermediate - BEC Preliminary.
New Delhi: Cambridge University Press, 2008 (Latest South Asian edition).
2. Devaki Reddy & Shreesh Chaudhary. Technical English. New Delhi: Macmillan, 2009.
3. Rutherford, Andrea J. Basic Communication Skills for Technology. 2nd edition. New Delhi:
Pearson Education, 2006.
MAA101ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS I
L T P C
3 1 0 4
To create the awareness and comprehensive knowledge in engineering mathematics.

OBJECTIVES
1. Find the inverse of the matrix by using Cayley Hamilton Theorem and Diagonalisation of matrix
using transformation.
2. Understand the Evolutes and Envelope of the curve.
3. Learn the solutions of second order linear differential equations of standard types and
Legendre's linear differential equation.
4. Learn partial differentiations involving two and three variables and expansions of functions
using Taylor series.
18
5. Learn the expansions of trigonometric, hyperbolic functions and their relations.
OUTCOME
1. Identify Eigen value problems from practical areas and obtain its solutions and using
transformation diagonalising the matrix which would render Eigen values.
2. Find out effectively the geometrical aspects of curvature and appreciates mathematical skills in
constructing evolutes and envelopes in mechanics and engineering drawing.
3. Recognize and to model mathematically and solving, the differential equations arising in
science and engineering.
4. Understand and model the practical problems and solve it using maxima and minima as
elegant applications of partial differentiation.
5. Acquire skills in using trigonometric and hyperbolic and inverse hyperbolic functions.
UNIT I MATRICES 12
Review: Basic concepts of matrices-addition, subtraction, multiplication of matrices - adjoint -inverse -
solving cubic equations.
Characteristic equation - Properties of Eigen values - Eigen values and Eigen vectors - Cayley
Hamilton theorem (without proof) - Verification and inverse using Cayley Hamilton theorem.
Diagonalisation of matrices - Orthogonal matrices - Quadratic form - Reduction of symmetric matrices
to a Canonical form using orthogonal transformation - Nature of quadratic form
UNIT II DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 12
Review: Basic concepts of differentiation - function of function, product and quotient rules.
Methods of differentiation of functions - Cartesian form - Parametric form - Curvature - Radius of
curvature - Centre of curvature - Circle of curvature. Evolutes of parabola, circle, ellipse, hyperbola
and cycloid - Envelope.
UNIT III ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 12
Review: Definition, formation and solutions of differential equations.
Second order differential equations with constant coefficients - Particular integrals - , eaxCosbx,
eaxSinbx. Euler's homogeneous linear differential equations - Legendre's linear differential equation
Variation of parameters.
UNIT IV PARTIAL DIFFERENTIATION 12
Partial differentiation - differentiation involving two and three variables - Total differentiation -Simple
problems.Jacobian - verification of properties of Jacobians - Simple problems.Taylor's series Maxima
and minima of functions of two and three variables.
UNIT V TRIGONOMETRY 12
Review: Basic results in trigonometry and complex numbers - De Moivre's theorem.
Expansions of sinn , cosn , tann where n is a positive integer. Expansions of in terms of sines and
cosines of multiples of where m and n are positive integers.Hyperbolic and inverse hyperbolic
functions - Logarithms of complex numbers - Separation of complex functions into real and imaginary
parts - Simple problems.
Note: Questions need not be asked from review part.
TOTAL: 60
19
TEXT BOOKS
1. Erwin Kreyzig, A Text book of Engineering Mathematics, John Wiley, 1999.
2. Grewal B.S, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Thirty Eighth Editions, Khanna Publisher, Delhi,
2004.
3. Chandrasekaran A, A Text book of Engineering Mathematics I, Dhanam Publications, Chennai,
2010.
REFERENCES
1. Venkataraman M.K, Engineering Mathematics, Volume I, The National Publishing Company,
Chennai, 1985.
2. Kandaswamy P, Thilagavathy K and Gunavath K, Engineering Mathematics, Volume I & II,
S.Chand and Company, New Delhi, 2005.
3. Bali N.P, Narayana Iyengar. N.Ch., Engineering Mathematics, Laxmi Publications Pvt. Ltd, New
Delhi, 2003
4. Veerarajan T, Engineering Mathematics (for first year), Fourth Edition, Tata McGraw - Hill
Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2005.
PHA101 ENGINEERING PHYSICS
L T P C
3 0 0 3
To impart fundamental knowledge in various fields of Physics and its applications.

OBJECTIVES
1. Develop strong fundamentals of properties and behaviour of the materials
2. Enhance theoretical and modern technological aspects in acoustics and ultrasonics.

3. Enable the students to correlate the theoretical principles with application oriented study of
optics.
4. Provide a strong foundation in the understanding of solids and materials testing.
5. Enrich the knowledge of students in modern engineering materials.

OUTCOME
1. Understand the properties and behaviour of materials.
2. Have a fundamental knowledge of acoustics which would facilitate in acoustical design of
buildings and on ultrasonics and be able to employ it as an engineering tool.
3. Understand the concept, working and application of lasers and fiber optics.
4. Know the fundamentals of crystal physics and non destructive testing methods.
5. Have an understanding of the production, characteristics and application of the new
engineering materials. This would aid them in the material selection stage.
20
UNIT I PROPERTIES OF MATTER 9
Elasticity - types of moduli of elasticity - Stress-Strain diagram - Young's modulus of elasticity Rigidity
modulus - Bulk modulus - Factors affecting elasticity - twisting couple on a wire - Torsional pendulum -
determination of rigidity modulus of a wire - depression of a cantilever - Young's modulus by
cantilever - uniform and non-uniform bending - viscosity - Ostwald's viscometer - comparison of
viscosities.
UNIT II ACOUSTICS AND ULTRASONICS 9
Classification of sound - characteristics of musical sound - intensity - loudness - Weber Fechner law -
Decibel - Reverberation - Reverberation time, derivation of Sabine's formula for reverberation
time(Jaeger's method) - absorption coefficient and its determination - factors affecting acoustics of
building (Optimum reverberation time, loudness, focusing, echo, echelon effect, resonance and noise)
and their remedies. Ultrasonics - production - Magnetostriction and Piezoelectric methods - properties
- applications of ultrasonics with particular reference to detection of flaws in metal ( Non - Destructive
testing NDT) - SONAR.
UNIT III LASER AND FIBRE OPTICS 9

Principle of lasers - Stimulated absorption - Spontaneous emission, stimulated emission - population
inversion - pumping action - active medium - laser characteristics - Nd-Yag laser - CO2 laser
Semiconductor laser - applications - optical fiber - principle and propagation of light in optical fibers
Numerical aperture and acceptance angle - types of optical fibers - single and multimode, step index
and graded index fibers - applications - fiber optic communication system.
UNIT IV CRYSTAL PHYSICS AND NON- DESTRUCTIVE TESTING 9
Crystal Physics: Lattice - Unit cell - Bravais lattice - Lattice planes - Miller indices - 'd' spacing in cubic
lattice - Calculation of number of atoms per unit cell - Atomic radius - coordination number Packing
factor for SC, BCC, FCC and HCP structures.
Non Destructive Testing: Liquid penetrate method - Ultrasonic flaw detection - ultrasonic flaw
detector ( block diagram) - X-ray Radiography - Merits and Demerits of each method.
UNIT V MODERN ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS 9
Modern Engineering Materials: Metallic glasses: Preparation properties and applications. Shape
memory alloys (SMA): Characteristics, applications, advantages and disadvantages of SMA. Nano
Materials: Synthesis -Properties and applications.
Superconducting Materials: Superconducting phenomena - Properties of superconductors - Meissner
effect - Type I and Type II superconductors - High Tc superconductors (qualitative) - uses of
superconductors.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. Gaur R.K. and Gupta S.L., "Engineering Physics ", 8th edition, Dhanpat rai publications (P)
Ltd., New Delhi 2010.
2. P.Mani, "Engineering Physics", Vol-I, Dhanam Publications, Chennai 2011.
3. Rajendran V. an Marikani A., "Applied Physics for engineers" , 3rd edition, Tata Mc Graw -Hill
publishing company Ltd., New Delhi,2003.
REFERENCES
1. Uma Mukherji, Engineering Physics , Narosa publishing house, New Delhi, 2003.
2. Arumugam M., Engineering Physics , Anuradha agencies, 2007.
3. Palanisamy P.K., Engineering Physics, SciTech Publications, Chennai 2007.

21
4. Arthur Beiser, Concepts of Modern Physics, Tata Mc Graw -Hill Publications, 2007.
5. P.Charles, Poople and Frank J. Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology, Wiley India,
CYA101 ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
L T P C
3 0 0 3
To impart basic principles of chemistry for engineers.
OBJECTIVES
The course should enable the students to
1. Make the students conversant with the basics of
( a) Water technology And (b) Polymer science
2. Provide knowledge on the requirements and properties of a few important engineering
materials.
3. Educate the students on the fundamentals of corrosion and its control.
4. Give a sound knowledge on the basics of a few significant terminologies and concepts in
thermodynamics.
5. Create an awareness among the present generation about the various conventional energy
sources.
OUTCOME
The students should be able to
1. Gain basic knowledge in water analysis and suitable water treatment method.
2. Get an idea on the type of polymers to be used in engineering applications.

3. Get awareness about new materials
4. Get knowledge on the effects of corrosion and protection methods will help the young minds to
choose proper metal / alloys and also to create a design that has good corrosion control.
5. Get exposure on the important aspects of basic thermodynamics will be able to understand the
advanced level thermodynamics in engineering applications.
6. Get a good background on the various aspects of energy sources will create awareness on the
need to utilize the fuel sources effectively and also for exploring new alternate energy
resources.
UNIT I WATER TECHNOLOGY AND POLYMER CHEMISTRY 9
Hardness (Definition, Types, Units) - problems - Estimation of Hardness (EDTA Method) - Water
softening - Carbonate conditioning and Calgon conditioning - Demineralization (Ion-Exchange
Method) - Water Quality Parameters - Municipal Water Treatment- Desalination - Reverse Osmosis.
Classification of Polymers - PVC, Bakelite - preparation, properties and applications - Effect of
Polymer Structure on Properties - Compounding of Plastics- Polymer Blends and Polymer Alloys
Definition, Examples
22
UNIT II ENGINEERING MATERIALS 9
Properties of Alloys - Heat Treatment of Steel - Polymer Composites - types and
applications.Lubricants - Classification, properties and applications - Mechanism of Lubrication -
MoS2 And Graphite - Adhesives - classification and properties - Epoxy resin (Preparation, properties
and applications) - Refractories - Classification, Properties and General Manufacture - Abrasives
Classification , Properties and Uses - Carbon nano tubes - preparation, properties and applications.
UNIT III ELECTROCHEMISTRY AND CORROSION 9
Conductometric Titration - HCl vs NaOH and mixture of acids vs NaOH - Electrochemical Series and
its applications - Nernst Equation - problems - Polarization, Decomposition Potential, Over-voltage (
definitions only) - Galvanic series - Corrosion (Definition, Examples, effects) - Mechanism of Dry
Corrosion and Wet Corrosion - Differential aeration Corrosion , examples - Factors Influencing
Corrosion - Metal and Environment - Corrosion Control - Design -Cathodic Protection methods -
Protective Coatings - Galvanising - Anodising - Electroplating (Cu and Ni) and Electroless plating (Cu
and Ni) Constituents of Paints and varnish.
UNIT IV CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS 9
Thermodynamic terminology- First Law of Thermodynamics-Internal energy- enthalpy - heat capacity
work done in isothermal expansion of an ideal gas -problems - second law of thermodynamics
entropy change - phase transformations and entropy change - problems - Work Function & Free
Energy Function- Maxwell's Relations-Gibbs Helmholtz equation- van't Hoff Isotherm- van't Hoff
Isochore - Problems.
UNIT V FUELS AND ENERGY SOURCES 9
Fuels - classification - Calorific Value - Dulong's Formula - Problems - Determination of Calorific Value
by Bomb Calorimeter - Coal - Proximate Analysis - problems - Octane Number - Cetane Number -
Diesel Index (Definitions only) - Bio Gas - Producer Gas -Water Gas - Preparation, Properties and
Uses - Batteries - Primary Cells - Leclanche Cell -Secondary Cell - Nickel Cadmium Battery Fuel Cells
- Hydrogen -Oxygen Fuel Cell - Solar Battery - Lead Acid Storage Cell - Nuclear Energy Light water
nuclear power plant.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. S. S. Dara, Text Book of Engineering Chemistry, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi, 2003
2. Murthy, Agarwal & Naidu, Text Book of Engineering Chemistry, BSP, 2003.
3. S.Sumathi, Engineering Chemistry, Dhanam Publications, 2008.
4. S.Sumathi and P.S.Raghavan, Engineering Chemistry II, Dhanam Publications, 2008.
REFERENCES
1. B. K. Sharma, Engineering chemistry, Krishna Prakasam Media (P) Ltd., 2003
2. A 1. Vogel, A text book of Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, ELBS, London, 2004

3. A. Gowarikar, Text Book of Polymer Science, 2002
4. Kuriacose & Rajaram, Vols. 1 & 2, Chemistry in Engineering and Technology, 2004
5. Puri, Sharma and Pathania, Principles of Physical Chemistry, Vishal Publishing Co. Jalandar,
2004.
23
CSA101 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
L T P C
3 0 0 3
GOAL
To introduce computers and programming and to produce an awareness of the power of
computational techniques that are currently used by engineers and scientists and to develop
programming skills to a level such that problems of reasonable complexity can be tackled
successfully.
OBJECTIVES
1. Learn the major components of a Computer system.
2. Learn the problem solving techniques.

3. Develop skills in programming using C language.
OUTCOMES
The student should be able to:
1. Understand the interaction between different components of Computer system and number
system.
2. Devise computational strategies for developing applications.

3. Develop applications (Simple to Complex) using C programming language.
UNIT I COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS 9
Introduction - Evolution of Computers - Generations of Computer - Classification of Computers
Application of Computers - Components of a Computer System - Hardware - Software - Starting a
Computer (Booting) - Number Systems.
UNIT II COMPUTER PROGRMMING AND LANGUAGES 9
Introduction - Problem-Solving Techniques: Algorithms, Flowchart, Pseudocode - Program Control
Structures - Programming Paradigms - Programming languages - Generations of Programming
Languages - Language Translators - Features of a Good ProgrammingLanguages.
UNIT III PROGRAMMING WITH C 9
Introduction to C - The C Declaration - Operators and Expressions - Input and Output in C - Decision
Statements - Loop Control Statements.
UNIT IV FUNCTIONS, ARRAYS AND STRINGS 9
Functions - Storage Class - Arrays - Working with strings and standard functions.
UNIT V POINTERS, STRUCTURES AND UNION 9
Pointers - Dynamic Memory allocation - Structure and Union - Files.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOK
1. ITL Education Solution Limited, Ashok Kamthane, "Computer Programming", Pearson
Education Inc 2007 (Unit: I to V).
24
REFERNCES
1. Byron S. Gottfried, "Programming with C", Second Edition, Tata McGraw Hill 2006.
2. Yashvant Kanetkar, "Let us C", Eighth edition, BPP publication 2007.

3. Stephen G.Kochan, "Programming in C - A Complete introduction to the C programming
language" , Pearson Education, 2008.
4. T.JeyaPoovan, "Computer Programming Theory and Practice", Vikas Pub, New Delhi
CSA131 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING LABORATORY

(Common to all branches)
L T P C
0 0 3 1
GOAL
To provide an awareness to develop the programming skills using computer languages.
OBJECTIVES
1. To gain knowledge about Microsoft office, Spread Sheet.
2. To learn a programming concept in C.

OUTCOME
1. Use MS Word to create document, table, text formatting and Mail merge options.
2. Use Excel for small calculations using formula editor, creating different types of charts and
including pictures etc,
3. Write and execute the C programs for small applications.

LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
a) Word Processing 12
1. Document creation, Text manipulation with Scientific notations.
2. Table creation, Table formatting and Conversion.
3. Mail merge and Letter preparation.
4. Drawing- flow Chart
b) Spread Sheet 9
5. Chart - Line, XY, Bar and Pie.

6. Formula - formula editor.
7. Spread sheet - inclusion of object, Picture and graphics, protecting the document
c) Programming in C 24
8. To write a C program to prepare the electricity bill.
9. Functions
(a) Call by value (b) Call by reference.
10. To write a C program to print the Fibonacci series for the given number.
25
11. To write a C program to find the factorial of number using recursion.
12. To write a C program to implement the basic arithmetic operations using Switch Case
statement.
13. To write a C program to check whether the given number is an Armstrong number.
14. To write a C program to check whether the given string is a Palindrome.

15. To write a C program to create students details using Structures.
16. To write a C program to demonstrate the Command Line Arguments.

17. To write a C program to implement the Random Access in Files.
18. To write C programs to solve some of the Engineering applications

TOTAL : 45
HARDWARE/SOFTWARE REQUIRED FOR BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS
HARDWARE
LAN system with 33 nodes (OR) Standalone PCs - 33 Nos
Printers - 3 Nos
SOFTWARE
OS - Windows / UNIX
Application package - MS office
Software - C language
GEA131 ENGINEERING PRACTICE LABORATORY - I

( Common to all branches )
L T P C
0 0 3 1
GOAL
To provide the students with hands on experience on various basic engineering practices in Civil
and Mechanical Engineering.
OBJECTIVES
1. Relate theory and practice of basic Civil and Mechanical Engineering
2. Learn concepts of welding and machining practice
3. Learn concepts of plumbing and carpentry practice

OUTCOMES
1. Indentify and use of tools, Types of joints used in welding, carpentry and plumbing operations.
2. Have hands on experience on basic fabrication techniques such as carpentry and plumbing
practices.
3. Have hands on experience on basic fabrication techniques of different types of welding and
basic machining practices.
26
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
I. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PRACTICE 15
1. Welding
Arc welding: Butt joints, Tee and lap joints.
2. Basic Machining
Facing, turning, threading and drilling practices using lathe and drilling operation with vertical
drilling machine.
3. Machine assembly practice
Study of centrifugal pump
4. Study on
a. Smithy operations - Productions of hexagonal headed bolt.
b. Foundry operations - Mould preparation for gear and step cone pulley.
II. CIVIL ENGINEERING 12
1. Basic pipe connection using valves, couplings, unions, reducers, elbows in household fitting.
2. Practice in mixed pipe connections: Metal, plastic and flexible pipes used in household
appliances.
3. Wood work: Sawing, Planning and making common joints.
4. Study of joints in door panels, wooden furniture.

TOTAL : 45
Reference:
th
Jeyapoovan T and Saravanapandian M., Engineering practices lab manual, 4 Edition, Vikas
publishing House, New Delhi, 2010.
List of equipment and components
( For a Batch of 30 Students )
CIVIL
1. Assorted components for plumbing consisting of metallic pipes, plastic pipes, flexible pipes,
couplings, unions, elbows, plugs and other fittings. 15 Sets.
2. Carpentry vice (fitted to work bench) 15 Nos.
3. Standard woodworking tools 15 Sets.

4. Models of industrial trusses, door joints, furniture joints 5 each
5. Power Tools:
(a) Rotary Hammer 2 Nos
(b) Demolition Hammer 2 Nos

(c) Circular Saw 2 Nos
(d) Planer 2 Nos
(e) Hand Drilling Machine 2 Nos

(f) Jigsaw 2 Nos
27
MECHANICAL
1. Arc welding transformer with cables and holders 5 Nos.
2. Welding booth with exhaust facility 5 Nos.

3. Welding accessories like welding shield, chipping hammer,wire brush, etc. 5 Sets.
4. Oxygen and acetylene gas cylinders, blow pipe and otherwelding outfit. 2 Nos.
5. Centre lathe 2 Nos.
6. Hearth furnace, anvil and smithy tools 2 Sets.
7. Moulding table, foundry tools 2 Sets.
8. Power Tool: Angle Grinder 2 Nos

9. Study-purpose items: centrifugal pump, air-conditioner One each.
ELA131 COMMUNICATION SKILLS LABORATORY 1

L T P C
0 0 3 1
GOAL
The goal of the programme is to provide a practical input towards nurturing accomplished learners
who can function effectively in the English language skills.
OBJECTIVES
1. Extend the ability of the learners to be able to listen to English and comprehend its
message.
2. Enable the learners to have a functional knowledge of spoken English.
3. Assist the learners to read and grasp the meaning of technical and non-technical
passages in English.
4. Help the learners develop the art of writing without mistakes.
5. Expand the thinking capability of the learners so that they would learn how to view
things from a different angle.
OUTCOME
1. Listen to and evaluate English without difficulty and comprehend its message.
2. Develope a functional knowledge of spoken English so as to use it in the institution
and at job interviews.
3. Read and comprehend the meaning of technical and non-technical passages in
English.
4. Develope the art of writing so as to put down their thoughts and feelings in words.
5. Think independently and contribute creative ideas.
UNIT I LISTENING SKILL
Listening to conversations and interviews of famous personalities in various fields -- Listening practice
related to the TV-- Talk shows - News - Educative programmes -- Watching films for critical comments
- Listening for specific information - Listening for summarizing information - Listening to monologues
for taking notes - Listening to answer multiple-choice questions.
UNIT II SPEAKING SKILL
Self-introduction -- Group discussion - Persuading and negotiating strategies - Practice in dialogues -
Presentations based on short stories / poems -- Speaking on personal thoughts and feelings -
28
academic topics - News reading - Acting as a compere -- Speaking about case studies on problems
and solutions - Extempore speeches.
UNIT III READING SKILL
Reading anecdotes to predict the content - Reading for interpretation -- Suggested reading -- Short
stories and poems -- Critical reading - Reading for information transfer - Reading newspaper and
magazine articles for critical commentary - Reading brochures, advertisements, pamphlets for
improved presentation.
UNIT IV WRITING SKILL
At the beginning of the semester, the students will be informed of a mini dissertation of 1000 words
they need to submit individually on any non-technical topic of their choice. The parts of the
dissertation will be the assignments carried out during the semester and submitted towards the end of
the semester on a date specified by the department. This can be judged as part of the internal
assessment.
UNIT V THINKING SKILL
Practice in preparing thinking blocks to decode diagrammatical representations into English words,
expressions, idioms and proverbs - Inculcating interest in English using thinking blocks. Making
pictures and improvising diagrams to form English words, phrases and proverbs -- Picture reading
REFERENCES
1. Raman, Meenakshi, and Sangeetha Sharma. Technical Communication: English
Skills for Engineers. 2nd edition. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2010.
2. Riordian, Daniel. Technical Communication. New Delhi. Cengage Learning, 2009
Websites for learning English
1. British: Learn English - British Council (Listen & Watch) - <http://learnenglish. british
council. org/>
2. American: Randall's ESL Cyber Listening Lab - <http://www.esl-lab.com/>
3. Intercultural: English Listening Lesson Library Online http://www.elllo.org/
29
PHA131 PHYSICS LABORATORY
( COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES )
LTP C
0031
Batch 2 (30) Batch 1 (30)

S.No. List of Experiments
Periods Periods allotted
Week Weekallotted
L P L P
Torsional Pendulum ‐ Determination of rigidity
1 1 1 3 2 1 3
modulus of the material of a wire.
2 Non Uniform Bending ‐ Determination of 3 1 3 4 1 3
Young's Modulus.
Viscosity ‐Determination of co‐efficient of
3 Viscosity of a liquid by Poiseuille's flow. 5 1 3 6 1 3
Lee's Disc ‐ Determination of thermal

4 7 1 3 8 1 3
conductivity of a bad conductor.
5 Air Wedge ‐ Determination of thickness of a 9 1 3 10 1 3
thin wire.
6 Spectrometer ‐ Refractive index of a prism. 11 1 3 12 1 3
7 Semiconductor laser ‐ Determination of 13 1 3 14 1 3
wavelength of Laser using Grating.
Total 7 21 7 21
56 Periods
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS

1 Torsional Pendulum (500 gm, wt, 60 cm wire Al-Ni Alloy) 5 nos.
2 Travelling Microscope (X10) 15 nos.
3 Capillary tube (length 10cm, dia 0.05mm) 5 nos.
4 Magnifying lens (X 10) 15 nos.
5 Lee's disc apparatus (std form) 5 nos.
6 Stop watch ( +/- 1 s) 5 nos.
7 Meter scale 1m length 5 nos.
8 Spectrometer (main scale 360 deg, ver 30") 5 nos.
9 Grating (2500 LPI) 5 nos.
10 Laser (632.8 nm) 5 nos.
11 Semi transparent glass plate Al coating, 65 nm thickness,
50% visibility 5 nos.
30
12 Equilateral prism (n = 1.54) 5 nos.
13 Thermometer +/- 1 deg 8 nos.
14 Screw gauge (+/- 0.001cm) 12 nos.
15 Vernier caliper (+/- 0.01 cm) 8 nos.
16 Steam Boiler 1L 5 nos.
17 Scale 50 cms 5 nos.
18 Cylindrical mass 100 gms 10 sets
19 Slotted wt 300 gms 5 sets
20 Heater 1.5 KW 5 nos.
21 Transformer sodium vapour lamp 1 KW 10 nos.
22 Sodium vapour lamp 700 W 5 nos
23 Burette 50 mL 5 nos
24 Beaker 250 mL 5 nos
25 Spirit level 10 nos
REFERENCE
 P.Mani, Engineering Physics Practicals, Dhanam Publications, Chennai, 2005.
31
CYA131 CHEMISTRY LABORATORY
LTPC
0 0 3 1
S.No. List of Experiments Batch 1 (30) Batch 2 (30)
(Any five) Week Periods Periods

allotted Weekallotted
L P L P
1 Estimation of Commercial soda by acid‐base

titration 1 1 3 2 1 3
2 Determination of Percentage of nickel in an

3 3 4 3
alloy
3 Determination of Temporary, permanent and
total hardness of water by EDTA method 5 1 3 6 1 3
Determination of Chloride content in a water

4 sample 7 3 8 3
5 Potentiometric Estimation of iron 9 1 3 10 1 3

Conductometric Titration of a strong acid with
6 a strong base 11 1 3 12 1 3
7 Conductometric Titration of mixture of acids. 13 1 3 14 1 3

8 Determination of Degree of polymerization of 1
a polymer by Viscometry 15 3 24 16 1 3
6 6 24
Total
60 Periods
List of Glassware and Equipments required for a batch of 30 students

1 Burett (50 mL) 30 nos
2 Pipette (20 mL) 30 nos.
3 Conical Flask (250 mL) 30 nos
4 Distilled water bottle (1 L) 30 nos
5 Standard flask (100 mL) 30 nos
6 Funnel (small) 30 nos
7 Glass rod 20 cm length 30 nos
8 Reagent Bottle (250 mL) 30 nos.
9 Reagent Bottle (60 mL) 30 nos
10 Beaker (100 mL) 30 nos
11. Oswald Viscometer Glass 30 nos
12. Measuring Cylinder (25 mL) 30 nos
32
13. Digital Conductivity Meter PICO make 8 nos
14. Conductivity cell (K=1) 12 nos
15. Digital Potentiometer PICO make 8 os
16. Calomel Electrode Glass 12 nos
17. Platinum Electrode Polypropylene 12 nos
18. Burette Stands Wooden 30 nos
19. Pipette stands Wooden 30 nos
20. Retard stands Metal 30 nos
21. Porcelain Tiles White 30 os
22. Clamps with Boss heads Metal 30 nos
REFERENCES
1. J.Mendham, R.C. Denney, J.D. Barnes and N.J.K. Thomas, Vogel's Textbook of Quantative
Chemical Analysis, 6th Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.
2. C. W. Garland, J. W. Nibler, D. P. Shoemaker, ;"Experiments in Physical Chemistry, 8th ed.,"
McGraw-Hill, New York, 2009.
3. S. Sumathi, Engineering Chemistry Practicals, Dhanam Publications, 2011.
33
MEA101 COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING DRAWING
L T P C
1 1 3 3
GOAL
To develop graphical skills for communicating concepts, ideas and designs of engineering products
and to give exposure to national standards relating to technical drawings using Computer Aided
Design and Drafting practice.
OBJECTIVES
1. Introduce drawing standards and use of drawing instruments.
2. Introduce first angle projection.

3. Practice of engineering hand sketching and introduce to computer aided drafting
4. Familiarize the students with different type of pictorial projections.
5. Introduction to Solid modeling

6. Introduce the process of design from sketching to parametric 3D CAD and 2D orthographic
drawings to BIS
OUTCOME
1. Develop Parametric design and the conventions of formal engineering drawing
2. Produce and interpret 2D & 3D drawings
3. Communicate a design idea/concept graphically

4. Examine a design critically and with understanding of CAD - The student learn to interpret
drawings, and to produce designs using a combination of 2D and 3D software.
5. Get a Detailed study of an engineering artifact
Note: Only first angle projection is to be followed
Unit I – BASICS OF ENGINEERING GRAPHICS AND PLANE CURVES 12
Importance of graphics Use of drawing instruments - BIS conventions and specifications -
drawing sheet sizes, layout and folding - lettering - Dimensioning-Geometrical constructions - Scales.
Introduction to plane curves like ellipse, parabola, cycloids and involutes
Drafting methods - introduction to Computer Aided Drafting – Computer Hardware – Workstation –
Printer and Plotter – Introduction to software for Computer Aided Design and Drafting – Exposure to
Solid Modeling software – Geometrical Construction-Coordinate Systems/Basic Entities
Unit II – VISUALIZATION, ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS AND FREE HAND SKETCHING 15
Visualization concepts and Free Hand sketching: Visualization principles —Representation of Three
Dimensional objects — Pictorial Projection methods - Layout of views- Free hand sketching of
multiple views from pictorial views of objects.Drafting of simple Geometric Objects/Editing
General principles of presentation of technical drawings as per BIS - Introduction to
Orthographic projections - Naming views as per BIS - First angle projection method. Conversion to
orthographic views from given pictorial views of objects, including dimensioning – Drafting of
Orthographic views from Pictorial views.
34
Unit III – PROJECTIONS OF POINTS, LINES, SURFACES AND SOLIDS 18
Introduction to Projections of points – Projections of straight lines located in first quadrant using
rotating line method only – Projections of plane surfaces when the surface of the lamina is inclined to
one reference plane only – Projections of simple solids when the axis of the solid is inclined to one
reference plane only – Sectioning of above solids in simple positions – Section Views. Practice
includes drafting the projection of lines and solids using appropriate software. 2D drawing commands:
Zoom, Picture editing commands, Dimensioning and 2D drafting.
Unit IV GEOMETRICAL MODELING AND ISOMETRIC VIEWS 15
Solid Modeling – Types of modeling - Wire frame model, Surface Model and Solid Model –
Introduction to graphic software for solid modeling. Principles of isometric projection and solid
modeling. Isometric drawing - IsoPlanes and 3D Modeling commands.Projections of Principal Views
from 3-D Models
Unit V COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AND DRAFTING 15
Preparation of solids of machine components like slide block, solid bearing block, bushed bearing,
gland, wall bracket, guide bracket, shaft bracket, jig plate, shaft support (open type), vertical shaft
support etc using appropriate modeling software.
Introduction to computer aided drafting and dimensioning using appropriate software. Generate 2D
drawing from the 3D models – generate and develop the lateral surfaces of the objects. Presentation
Techniques of Engineering Drawings – Title Blocks – Printing/Plotting of drawing.
TOTAL PERIODS: 75
TEXT BOOKS
1. Jeyapoovan T, Engineering Drawing and Graphics Using AutoCAD, Vikas
Publishing House Pvt Ltd.,New Delhi, 2010.
2. Warren J. Luzadder and Jon.M.Duff, Fundamentals of Engineering Drawing, Prentice
Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., Eleventh Edition, 2003.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Introduction to AutoCAD – 2D and 3D Design, A.Yarmwood, Newnes Elsevier, 2011
2. Engineering Drawing and Graphic Technology-International Edition, Thomas E. French,
Charles J. Vierck, Robert J. Foster, McGraw-Hill, 1993
3. Engineering Drawing and Design-Sixth Edition, C. Jensen, J.D. Helsel, D.R. Short,
McGraw-Hill, 2002
4. Technical Drawing-Fourteenth Edition, F. E. Giesecke, A. Mitchell, H. C. Spencer, I.L. Hill,
J.T. Dygdon, J.E., Novak, Prentice-Hall, 2012,
5. Bhatt N.D and Panchal V.M, Engineering Drawing: Plane and Solid Geometry, Charotar
Publishing House, 2007.
6. Mechanical Engineering Drawing-Self Taught, Jashua Rose,
http://www.gutenberg.org/files/23319/23319-h/23319-h.htm
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) for Engineering Drawing:
1. IS 10711 – 2001: Technical products Documentation – Size and lay out of drawing sheets.
2. IS 9609 (Parts 0 & 1) – 2001: Technical products Documentation — Lettering.
3. IS 10714 (Part 20) – 2001 & SP 46 – 2003: Lines for technical drawings.
4. IS 11669 – 1986 & SP 46 – 2003: Dimensioning of Technical Drawings.
35
SEMESTER-II
MAA102 – ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS – II

(Common to All Branches)
L T P C
2 1 1 4
MAA102 ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS-II 4 CREDITS
AIM  The course is aimed at developing the basic
Mathematical skills of engineering students
that are imperative for effective understanding
of engineering subject using MATLAB.
OBJECTIVES OUTCOME
 To understand effectively the  To understand effectively the evaluation of
evaluation of double and triple double and triple integrals and their
integrals and their applications applications
 To know the basics of vector calculus  To know the basics of vector calculus
comprising of gradient, divergence, comprising of gradient, divergence, curl, line
curl, line surface and volume integrals surface and volume integrals along with the
along with the classical theorems classical theorems involving them
involving them  To have a sound knowledge of Laplace
 To have a sound knowledge of transform and its properties. Solutions of
Laplace transform and its properties. Laplace transform using MATLAB.
Solutions of Laplace transform using  To understand and expand periodic functions
MATLAB. as Fourier series using MATLAB
 To understand and expand periodic
functions as Fourier series using
MATLAB
UNIT I MULTIPLE INTEGRALS 12(8+4)

Double integration – Cartesian and polar co-ordinates – Change of order of integration. Area as a
double integral – Triple integration in Cartesian co ordinates – Volume as a triple integral - Change of
variables between Cartesian and polar coordinates.
Lab: Area and Volume of double integration and triple integration.
UNIT II VECTOR CALCULUS 12(8+4)

Gradient, Divergence and Curl – Unit normal vector, Directional derivative – angle between surfaces-
Irrotational and solenoidal vector fields.
Green‘s theorem - Gauss divergence theorem and Stoke‘s theorem (without proof) – Verification and
evaluation of the above the theorems - Simple applications to regions such as square, rectangle,
triangle, cuboids and rectangular parallelopipeds.
Lab: Green‘s theorem - Gauss divergence theorem and Stoke‘s theorem
UNIT III LAPLACE TRANSFORM 12(8+4)

Laplace transform – Conditions of existence – Transform of elementary functions – properties -
Derivatives and integrals of transforms – Transforms of derivatives and integrals – Initial and final
value theorems – Transform of periodic functions. Inverse Laplace transforms using partial fraction
and convolution theorem. Solution of linear ODE of second order with constant coefficients.
Lab: Solutions of differential equations using Laplace transform
UNIT IV FOURIER SERIES 12(8+4)

Dirichlet‘s Conditions – General Fourier Series – Odd and even functions – Half range sine and
cosine series –Harmonic Analysis.
Lab: Solutions of Fourier series and Harmonic Analysis.
36
UNIT V COMPLEX VARIABLES 12(8+4)
Functions of a complex variable – Analytic function - Cauchy - Riemann equations (Statement only) –
Properties of analytic function (Statement only) – Construction of Analytic functions by Milne –
Thomson method.
Lab: Cauchy - Riemann equations, Milne – Thomson method
TOTAL: 60
TEXT BOOK:
1. Venkatraman M.K, Mathematics, Volume – II & Volume -III, National Publishing
Company, Chennai, 1985.
2.A.P.Santhakumaran, P.Titus, Engineering Mathematics - II, NiMeric Publications,
Nagercoil, 2012
REFERENCE:
1. Kandasamy P, Engineering Mathematics Volume II, S. Chand & Co., New Delhi,
1987.
2. Grewal B.S, ―Engineering Maths – II‖, Sultan Chand, New Delhi, 1993.
rd
3. Bali N.P, Manish Goyal, Text book of Engineering Mathematics, 3 Edition, Lakshmi
Publications, 2003.
4. Chandrasekaran A, Engineering Mathematics, Volume – II, Dhanam Publication,
2008.
PHA101 ENGINEERING PHYSICS
L T P C
3 0 0 3
To impart fundamental knowledge in various fields of Physics and its applications.
OBJECTIVES
1. Develop strong fundamentals of properties and behaviour of the materials
2. Enhance theoretical and modern technological aspects in acoustics and ultrasonics.
3. Enable the students to correlate the theoretical principles with application oriented study of
optics.
4. Provide a strong foundation in the understanding of solids and materials testing.
5. Enrich the knowledge of students in modern engineering materials.

OUTCOME
1. Understand the properties and behaviour of materials.
2. Have a fundamental knowledge of acoustics which would facilitate in acoustical design of
buildings and on ultrasonics and be able to employ it as an engineering tool.
3. Understand the concept, working and application of lasers and fiber optics.
4. Know the fundamentals of crystal physics and non destructive testing methods.
5. Have an understanding of the production, characteristics and application of the new
engineering materials. This would aid them in the material selection stage.
37
UNIT I PROPERTIES OF MATTER 9
Elasticity - types of moduli of elasticity - Stress-Strain diagram - Young's modulus of elasticity Rigidity
modulus - Bulk modulus - Factors affecting elasticity - twisting couple on a wire - Torsional pendulum -
determination of rigidity modulus of a wire - depression of a cantilever - Young's modulus by
cantilever - uniform and non-uniform bending - viscosity - Ostwald's viscometer - comparison of
viscosities.
UNIT II ACOUSTICS AND ULTRASONICS 9
Classification of sound - characteristics of musical sound - intensity - loudness - Weber Fechner law -
Decibel - Reverberation - Reverberation time, derivation of Sabine's formula for reverberation
time(Jaeger's method) - absorption coefficient and its determination - factors affecting acoustics of
building (Optimum reverberation time, loudness, focusing, echo, echelon effect, resonance and noise)
and their remedies. Ultrasonics - production - Magnetostriction and Piezoelectric methods - properties
- applications of ultrasonics with particular reference to detection of flaws in metal ( Non - Destructive
testing NDT) - SONAR.
UNIT III LASER AND FIBRE OPTICS 9

Principle of lasers - Stimulated absorption - Spontaneous emission, stimulated emission - population
inversion - pumping action - active medium - laser characteristics - Nd-Yag laser - CO2 laser
Semiconductor laser - applications - optical fiber - principle and propagation of light in optical fibers
Numerical aperture and acceptance angle - types of optical fibers - single and multimode, step index
and graded index fibers - applications - fiber optic communication system.
UNIT IV CRYSTAL PHYSICS AND NON- DESTRUCTIVE TESTING 9
Crystal Physics: Lattice - Unit cell - Bravais lattice - Lattice planes - Miller indices - 'd' spacing in cubic
lattice - Calculation of number of atoms per unit cell - Atomic radius - coordination number Packing
factor for SC, BCC, FCC and HCP structures.
Non Destructive Testing: Liquid penetrate method - Ultrasonic flaw detection - ultrasonic flaw
detector ( block diagram) - X-ray Radiography - Merits and Demerits of each method.
UNIT V MODERN ENGINEERING MATERIALS AND SUPERCONDUCTING MATERIALS 9
Modern Engineering Materials: Metallic glasses: Preparation properties and applications. Shape
memory alloys (SMA): Characteristics, applications, advantages and disadvantages of SMA. Nano
Materials: Synthesis -Properties and applications.
Superconducting Materials: Superconducting phenomena - Properties of superconductors - Meissner
effect - Type I and Type II superconductors - High Tc superconductors (qualitative) - uses of
superconductors.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
4. Gaur R.K. and Gupta S.L., "Engineering Physics ", 8th edition, Dhanpat rai publications (P)
Ltd., New Delhi 2010.
5. P.Mani, "Engineering Physics", Vol-I, Dhanam Publications, Chennai 2011.
6. Rajendran V. an Marikani A., "Applied Physics for engineers" , 3rd edition, Tata Mc Graw -Hill
publishing company Ltd., New Delhi,2003.
REFERENCES
6. Uma Mukherji, Engineering Physics , Narosa publishing house, New Delhi, 2003.
7. Arumugam M., Engineering Physics , Anuradha agencies, 2007.
8. Palanisamy P.K., Engineering Physics, SciTech Publications, Chennai 2007.

38
9. Arthur Beiser, Concepts of Modern Physics, Tata Mc Graw -Hill Publications, 2007.
10. P.Charles, Poople and Frank J. Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology, Wiley India,
CYA101 ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
L T P C
3 0 0 3
To impart basic principles of chemistry for engineers.
OBJECTIVES
1. Make the students conversant with the basics of
( a) Water technology And (b) Polymer science
2. Provide knowledge on the requirements and properties of a few important engineering
materials.
3. Educate the students on the fundamentals of corrosion and its control.
4. Give a sound knowledge on the basics of a few significant terminologies and concepts in
thermodynamics.
5. Create an awareness among the present generation about the various conventional energy
sources.
OUTCOME
1. Gain basic knowledge in water analysis and suitable water treatment method.
2. Get an idea on the type of polymers to be used in engineering applications.

3. Get awareness about new materials
4. Get knowledge on the effects of corrosion and protection methods will help the young minds to
choose proper metal / alloys and also to create a design that has good corrosion control.
5. Get exposure on the important aspects of basic thermodynamics will be able to understand the
advanced level thermodynamics in engineering applications.
6. Get a good background on the various aspects of energy sources will create awareness on the
need to utilize the fuel sources effectively and also for exploring new alternate energy
resources.
UNIT I WATER TECHNOLOGY AND POLYMER CHEMISTRY 9
Hardness (Definition, Types, Units) - problems - Estimation of Hardness (EDTA Method) - Water
softening - Carbonate conditioning and Calgon conditioning - Demineralization (Ion-Exchange
Method) - Water Quality Parameters - Municipal Water Treatment- Desalination - Reverse Osmosis.
Classification of Polymers - PVC, Bakelite - preparation, properties and applications - Effect of
Polymer Structure on Properties - Compounding of Plastics- Polymer Blends and Polymer Alloys
Definition, Examples
39
UNIT II ENGINEERING MATERIALS 9
Properties of Alloys - Heat Treatment of Steel - Polymer Composites - types and
applications.Lubricants - Classification, properties and applications - Mechanism of Lubrication -
MoS2 And Graphite - Adhesives - classification and properties - Epoxy resin (Preparation, properties
and applications) - Refractories - Classification, Properties and General Manufacture - Abrasives
Classification , Properties and Uses - Carbon nano tubes - preparation, properties and applications.
UNIT III ELECTROCHEMISTRY AND CORROSION 9
Conductometric Titration - HCl vs NaOH and mixture of acids vs NaOH - Electrochemical Series and
its applications - Nernst Equation - problems - Polarization, Decomposition Potential, Over-voltage (
definitions only) - Galvanic series - Corrosion (Definition, Examples, effects) - Mechanism of Dry
Corrosion and Wet Corrosion - Differential aeration Corrosion , examples - Factors Influencing
Corrosion - Metal and Environment - Corrosion Control - Design -Cathodic Protection methods -
Protective Coatings - Galvanising - Anodising - Electroplating (Cu and Ni) and Electroless plating (Cu
and Ni) Constituents of Paints and varnish.
UNIT IV CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS 9
Thermodynamic terminology- First Law of Thermodynamics-Internal energy- enthalpy - heat capacity
work done in isothermal expansion of an ideal gas -problems - second law of thermodynamics
entropy change - phase transformations and entropy change - problems - Work Function & Free
Energy Function- Maxwell's Relations-Gibbs Helmholtz equation- van't Hoff Isotherm- van't Hoff
Isochore - Problems.
UNIT V FUELS AND ENERGY SOURCES 9
Fuels - classification - Calorific Value - Dulong's Formula - Problems - Determination of Calorific Value
by Bomb Calorimeter - Coal - Proximate Analysis - problems - Octane Number - Cetane Number -
Diesel Index (Definitions only) - Bio Gas - Producer Gas -Water Gas - Preparation, Properties and
Uses - Batteries - Primary Cells - Leclanche Cell -Secondary Cell - Nickel Cadmium Battery Fuel Cells
- Hydrogen -Oxygen Fuel Cell - Solar Battery - Lead Acid Storage Cell - Nuclear Energy Light water
nuclear power plant.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. S. S. Dara, Text Book of Engineering Chemistry, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New
Delhi, 2003
2. Murthy, Agarwal & Naidu, Text Book of Engineering Chemistry, BSP, 2003.
3. S.Sumathi, Engineering Chemistry, Dhanam Publications, 2008.
4. S.Sumathi and P.S.Raghavan, Engineering Chemistry II, Dhanam Publications, 2008.
REFERENCES
1. B. K. Sharma, Engineering chemistry, Krishna Prakasam Media (P) Ltd., 2003
2. A 1. Vogel, A text book of Qualitative Inorganic Analysis, ELBS, London, 2004
3. A. Gowarikar, Text Book of Polymer Science, 2002
4. Kuriacose & Rajaram, Vols. 1 & 2, Chemistry in Engineering and Technology, 2004
5. Puri, Sharma and Pathania, Principles of Physical Chemistry, Vishal Publishing Co.
Jalandar, 2004.
40
CYA102 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(Common to all Branches)
L T P C
3 0 0 3
CYA102 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 3 CREDITS
Goal To impart basic knowledge on the significance of environmental science for engineers.
OBJECTIVES OUTCOME
The objective of the course is Upon successful completion of the course, the
outcomes are as follows:
 To make the students aware of the existing  The students would have understood the
natural resources such as forest water effects of over exploitation of water resources,
resources etc. and to educate them to forest resources etc. and their impact on day to
understand the need for preserving the day life on earth.
resources.
 To educate the students about the functions  Knowledge on the functions of several of
of various ecosystems and biodiversity. ecosystems will help the students to design the
processes that are eco-friendly.
 To provide knowledge on the various  Knowledge on the different types of pollution

aspects of different types of pollution such will help the young minds to device effective
as air pollution, water pollution, soil control measures to reduce rate of pollution.
pollution etc.
 To give a basic knowledge on the social

issues such as global warming, acid rain,  Exposure on the issues such as global
ozone layer depletion, nuclear hazards etc. warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion,
and to educate them about the various nuclear hazards and ill effects of fire-works
Environmental Protection Acts. and ill will make the students understand the
effects of fireworks. significances of sustainable development and
the need to enforce Environmental Acts.
 To create an awareness among the present
generation about the various aspects of  Educating on the various aspects of population
human population and their effect on explosion will create an awareness on
environment. population control for effective utilization of
the resources and the need to explore new
alternate energy resources for a healthy
environment.
41
INTRODUCTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND NATURAL RESOURCES 10
Periods
Definition, scope and importance – Need for public awareness – Forest resources: Use and
over-exploitation, deforestation, case studies. Timber extraction, mining, dams and their
effects on forests and tribal people – Water resources: Use and over-utilization of surface and
ground water, floods, drought, conflicts over water, dams-benefits and problems – Mineral
resources: Use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using mineral
resources, case studies – Food resources: World food problems, changes caused by
agriculture and overgrazing, effects of modern agriculture, fertilizer-pesticide problems,
water logging, salinity, case studies – Energy resources: Growing energy needs, renewable
and non-renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy sources. Case studies – Land
resources: Land as a resource, land degradation, man induced landslides, soil erosion and
desertification – Role of an individual in conservation of natural resources – Equitable use of
resources for sustainable lifestyles.
Field study of local area to document environmental assets – river / forest / grassland / hill /
mountain.
ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY 12 Periods

Concept of an ecosystem – Structure and function of an ecosystem – Producers, consumers
and decomposers – Energy flow in the ecosystem – Ecological succession – Food chains,
food webs and ecological pyramids – Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure
and function of the (a) Forest ecosystem (b) Grassland ecosystem (c) Desert ecosystem (d)
Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries) – Introduction to
Biodiversity – Definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity – Biogeographical
classification of India – Value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social,
ethical, aesthetic and option values – Biodiversity at global, National and local levels – India
as a mega-diversity nation – Hot-spots of biodiversity – Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss,
poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts – Endangered and endemic species of India –
Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity.
Field study of common plants, insects, birds

Field study of simple ecosystems – pond, river, hill slopes, etc.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 10 Periods

Definition – Causes, effects and control measures of: (a) Air pollution (b) Water pollution (c)
Soil pollution (d) Marine pollution (e) Noise pollution (f) Thermal pollution (g) Nuclear
hazards – Soil waste Management: Causes, effects and control measures of urban and
industrial wastes – Role of an individual in prevention of pollution – Pollution case studies –
Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides.
Ill effects of fireworks and upkeep of clean environment: Chemical contents of fireworks-
and health hazards-Soil pollution, water pollution, air pollution and noise pollution.
Field Study of local polluted site – Urban / Rural / Industrial / Agricultural
42
SOCIAL ISSUES AND THE ENVIRONMENT 7 Periods
From Unsustainable to Sustainable development – Urban problems related to energy – Water
conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management – Resettlement and rehabilitation
of people; its problems and concerns, case studies – Environmental ethics: Issues and
possible solutions – Climate change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion,
nuclear accidents and holocaust, case studies. – Wasteland reclamation – Consumerism and
waste products – Environment Production Act – Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act – Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act – Wildlife Protection Act – Forest
Conservation Act – Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation – Public
awareness
HUMAN POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT 6 Periods

Population growth, variation among nations – Population explosion – Family Welfare
Programme – Environment and human health – Human Rights – Value Education – HIV /
AIDS – Women and Child Welfare – Role of Information Technology in Environment and
human health – Case studies.
TOTAL: 45 periods
TEXT BOOKS
1. Gilbert M.Masters, Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science, Pearson
Education Pvt., Ltd., Second Edition, ISBN 81-297-0277-0, 2004.
2. Miller T.G. Jr., Environmental Science, International Students Edition, Thomson
Learning Inc. 2004.
3. Townsend C., Harper J and Michael Begon, Essentials of Ecology, Blackwell
Science, 1999.
4. Trivedi R.K. and P.K. Goel, Introduction to Air Pollution, Techno-Science
Publications, 1998.
REFERENCES
1. BharuchaErach, The Biodiversity of India, Mapin Publishing Pvt. Ltd., Ahmedabad
India, 2004.
2. Trivedi R.K., Handbook of Environmental Laws, Rules, Guidelines, Compliances and
Standards, Vol. I and II, Enviro Media.
3. Cunningham, W.P.Cooper, T.H.Gorhani, Environmental Encyclopaedia, Jaico Publ.,
House, Mumbai, 2001.
4. Wager K.D., Environmental Management, W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, USA, 1998.
43
ECB101 ELECTRON DEVICES & CIRCUITS
LTPC
3 10 4
ECB101 ELECTRON DEVICES & CIRCUITS 4 CREDITS
Prerequisite Nil
Goal The aim of this course is to understand the concepts and analysis of basic electrical
circuits using laws and theorems, to know about the basic analysis and synthesis
techniques in electrical networks and to familiarize the student with the principle of
operation, capabilities and limitations of various electron devices so that he will be able to
use these devices effectively.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to: At the end of the course the student should be able to:
1. Use network techniques, like node analysis and

1. Understand the use of circuit analysis loop analysis, to write equations for large linear
theorems and methods, circuits; Apply Thevenin and Norton theorems to
analyze and design for maximum power
transfer. Apply the concept of linearity and the
associated technique of superposition to circuits
and networks,
2. Understand basic concepts of DC and AC 2. Explain the concept of steady state, apply phasor
circuit behavior and develop and solve analysis to AC circuits in sinusoidal steady state
mathematical representations for simple and analyze the frequency response of circuits
RLC circuits, containing inductors and capacitors,
3. Develop through basic knowledge on the behavior

3. Understand the Diode operation and and the characteristics of semiconductor
switching characteristics, junction,
4. Understand the Operation of BJT, FET, 4. Acquire knowledge on the applications of BJT,
MOSFET metal semiconductor rectifying FET, MOSFET,
and ohmic contacts,
5. Study the characteristics of special type 5. Learn the usage of different types of devices for
semiconductor diodes. various applications.
UNIT I CIRCUIT ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES 9

Kirchoff‘s current and voltage laws – series and parallel connection of independent sources – R, L
and C – Network Theorems – Thevenin, Superposition, Norton, Maximum power transfer and duality
– Star-delta conversion.
UNIT II TRANSIENT RESONANCE IN RLC CIRCUITS 9

Basic RL, RC and RLC circuits and their responses to pulse and sinusoidal inputs – frequency
response – Parallel and series resonances – Q factor – single tuned and double tuned circuits.
UNIT III SEMICONDUCTOR DIODES 9

Review of intrinsic & extrinsic semiconductors – Theory of PN junction diode – Energy band structure
– current equation – space charge and diffusion capacitances – effect of temperature and breakdown
mechanism – Zener diode and its characteristics.
UNIT IV TRANSISTORS 9
Principle of operation of PNP and NPN transistors – study of CE, CB and CC configurations and
comparison of their characteristics – Breakdown in transistors – operation and comparison of N-
Channel and P-Channel JFET – drain current equation – MOSFET – Enhancement and depletion
types – structure and operation – comparison of BJT with MOSFET – thermal effect on MOSFET.
44
UNIT V SPECIAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
(Qualitative Treatment only) 9
Tunnel diodes – PIN diode, varactor diode – SCR characteristics and two transistor equivalent model
– UJT – Diac and Triac – Laser, CCD, Photodiode, Phototransistor, Photoconductive and Photovoltaic
cells – LED, LCD.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL: 60

TEXT BOOKS
1.Jacob . Millman & Halkias, ―Electronic Devices & Circuits‖,Tata McGraw Hill, Edition-II, 2008.
2. Joseph A. Edminister, Mahmood, Nahri, ―Electric Circuits‖ – Shaum series,Tata McGraw Hill,
(2001)
3. David A. Bell, ―Electronic Devices and Circuits‖, Oxford UniversityPress, 5 Edition, (2008).
REFERENCES
1. Robert T. Paynter, ―Introducing Electronics Devices and Circuits‖, Pearson Education, (2006).
2. William H. Hayt, J.V. Jack, E. Kemmebly and steven M. Durbin, ―Engineering Circuit Analysis‖,Tata
McGraw Hill, 6 Edition, 2002.
3. S. Salivahanan, N. Suresh kumar and A. Vallavanraj, ―Electronic Devices and Circuits‖,Tata
McGraw Hill, 2 Edition, (2008).
ELECTRICAL MACHINES
LTPC
3 1 0 4
EEB121 ELECTRICAL MACHINES 4 CREDITS

Nil
Prerequisite
To expose the students to the concepts of various types of electrical machines and
Goal transmission and distribution of electrical power
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to: At the end of the course the student should be
able to:
1. Give a through theoretical knowledge on the
principle, e.m.f equation constructions losses, 1. The theory behind D.C generators, and to do
and characteristics of D.C generators and more experiments which will help the student to
about the torque & speed relations of D.C. become expert in D.C. generators, to select
motors, different motors for practical applications,
2. Learn the e.m.f equation construction, Testing
and losses, 2. The Knowledge implement to for practical
experiments and apply them in day today life,
3. Learn the Performance of induction machines
with a sound knowledge of the principle, 3. To think practically to conduct experiments,
construction losses etc,
4. Conduct experiments to obtain the
4. Learn the principle construction and e.m.f of regulations and to select special machines for
alternators and synchronous motors special project,
machines,
5. Give more contributions in turn practical
5. Gain knowledge of generation Transmissions & field of power system which will in help the
Distribution systems. society.
UNIT I D.C. MACHINES 9

Constructional details – emf equation – Methods of excitation – Self and separately excited
generators – Characteristics of series, shunt and compound generators – Principle of operation of
45
D.C. motor – Back emf and torque equation – Characteristics of series, shunt and compound motors -
Starting of D.C. motors – Types of starters - Testing, brake test and Swinburne‘s test – Speed control
of D.C. shunt motors.
UNIT II TRANSFORMERS 9
Constructional details – Principle of operation – emf equation – Transformation ratio –
Transformer on no load – Parameters referred to HV/LV windings – Equivalent circuit – Transformer
on load – Regulation - Testing – Load test, open circuit and short circuit tests.
UNIT III INDUCTION MOTORS 9

Construction – Types – Principle of operation of three-phase induction motors – Equivalent circuit –
Performance calculation – Starting and speed control – Single-phase induction motors (only
qualitative treatment).
UNIT IV SYNCHRONOUS AND SPECIAL MACHINES 9

Construction of synchronous machines-types – Induced emf – Voltage regulation; emf and mmf
methods – Brushless alternators – Reluctance motor – Hysteresis motor – Stepper motor.
UNIT V TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION 9

Structure of electric power systems – Generation, transmission, sub-transmission and distribution
systems - EHVAC and EHVDC transmission systems – Substation layout – Insulators – cables.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. D.P.Kothari and I.J.Nagrath, ‗Basic Electrical Engineering‘, Tata McGraw Hill publishing
company ltd, second edition, 2002.
2. C.L. Wadhwa, ‗Electrical Power Systems‘, Wiley eastern ltd India, 1985.
REFERENCES
1. S.K.Bhattacharya, ‗Electrical Machines‘, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing company ltd, second edition,
1998.
2. V.K.Mehta and Rohit Mehta, ‗Principles of Power System‘, S.Chand and Company Ltd, third
edition, 2003.
46
ELA102-Personality Development and Soft Skills
L T P C
3 0 0 3
GOAL
 To enhance holistic development of students and improve their employability skills.
 To nurture the language skills and cultivate in them the ability to indulge in rational thinking,
independent decision-making and lifelong learning
 To help them become responsible members or leaders of the society in and around their
workplace or living space
 to communicate successfully at the individual or group level on engineering activities with the
engineering community in particular, and on multi-disciplinary activities in general, with the
world at large.
OBJECTIVES
1. Develop inter personal skills and be an effective goal oriented team player.
2. Develop professionals with idealistic, practical and moral values.
3. Develop communication and problem solving skills.
4. To face the challenges in the world and enable the students excel in the world of work
and life.
OUTCOME
1. Have the self-confidence to improve upon their informative listening skills by an
enhanced acquisition of the English language.
2. Speak English at the formal and informal levels and use it for daily conversation,
presentation, group discussion and debate.
3. Read, comprehend and answer questions based on literary, scientific and
technological texts.
4. Have the confidence to develop thinking skills and participate in brainstorming, mind-
mapping, audiovisual activities, creative thinking and also answer tests in the job-selection
processes.
5. Make right decisions , communicate effectively, and develop self-management talents
, to lead a healthy and productive life.
6. Imbibe the requisite employability skills , learned skills, intuitive skills and people skills
UNIT I SPEAKING SKILLS 9 hours

Art of Speaking- Body Language and speaking- Non Verbal communication- -Vocal Communication
Techniques- Intercultural communication- The difference in Approach in five countries- Vocabulary
Enrichment- Pronunciation of words-Mark the stress on appropriate syllable-split the word into
syllables- Speaking as an Art-Simple Oral Interaction-Body Language and Speaking- Five
characteristics of an ideal GD- group discussions - role plays- short speeches-Extempore – JAM –
Debate-Talk shows-Power point presentation and speaking
UNIT II LANGUAGE SKILLS 13 hours
Functional Grammar: Synonyms and Antonyms – Active and Passive Voice- Direct and Indirect
Speech- Conditional Clauses- collocations- rearrange the jumbled sentences and make meaningful
sentences- Language functions: apologising, greeting, clarifying, inviting, advising, agreeing,
disagreeing, refusing, thanking, interrupting, expressing obligation, expressing preferences, CV /
application letters- Job interviews-FAQ‘s – e- mail etiquette
UNIT III PEOPLE SKILLS/SOFT SKILLS 8 hours
SWOT analysis- JOHARI window- Goal setting- speaking on Goals - goals to be achieved- modes of
behaviour to achieve the goals- decision making- time management -stress management- power of
positive attitude- leadership skills
47
UNIT IV COMPREHENSION SKILLS 7 hours
Art of Listening- listening to English news- listening to debates on current issues - Listening to
dialogues for general meaning and specific information- listening to toast master speeches- -cloze
exercises-open comprehension questions-Art of Listening-Reading passages –interpreting in own
words- reading articles in magazines/journals/newspapers- writing articles for newspaper-reporting
events-completing the middle/end of a story
UNIT V PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT 9 hours
Define Personality- Types of Personality-Personality test- Leadership Skills - Interpersonal Skills-
Team Work - Mind Mapping- concept maps- Study skills and techniques - Edward De Bono‘s lateral
thinking-exercises-questionnaires-project
TEXT BOOK:
English for Life and the workplace through LSRW&T skills by Dr. Dolly John, Pearson Publications
REFERENCES
1. Education and Personality Development, Dr. P.K. Manoharan, APH Publishing Corporation.
2. Effective technical Communication, M. Ashraf Rizvi, Tata McGraw Hill Companies
3. Professional Speaking Skills, Aruna Koneru, Oxford University Press
4. Essential Grammar in Use, Fourth Edition by Raymond Murphy, Cambridge University Press
5. Covey Sean, Seven Habit of Highly Effective Teens, New York, Fireside Publishers, 1998.
6. Carnegie Dale, How to win Friends and Influence People, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998.
Web links for reference for Flipped classroom sessions

1. https://owl.english.purdue.edu/exercises/28/12/33
2. http://englishplaza.vn/flexpaper/pdf/english-collocations-in-use_1405952201.pdf
3. http://www.htsb.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Academic-Language-Functions-toolkit.pdf
4. http://www.intelligencetest.com/puzzles/lateral.htm
5. http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/sites/teacheng/files/mind_map.pdf
6. http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/using-mind-maps-develop-writing.
7. http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/jigsaw-readingArrange
8. http://www.teachthought.com/critical-thinking/10-team-building-games-that-promote-critical-
thinking
9. http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-exercise-conditionals.php
10. http://flax.nzdl.org/greenstone3/flax?a=fp&sa=collActivity&c=copyrightlaw
11. http://www.humanmetrics.com/personality/type
48
PHA131 PHYSICS LABORATORY
(COMMON TO ALL BRANCHES)
LTP C
0031
Batch 2 (30) Batch 1 (30)

S.No. List of Experiments
Periods Periods allotted Week
Week allotted
L P L P
Torsional Pendulum ‐ Determination of rigidity
1 1 1 3 2 1 3
modulus of the material of a wire.
2 Non Uniform Bending ‐ Determination of 3 1 3 4 1 3
Young's Modulus.
Viscosity ‐Determination of co‐efficient of
3 Viscosity of a liquid by Poiseuille's flow. 5 1 3 6 1 3
Lee's Disc ‐ Determination of thermal

4 7 1 3 8 1 3
conductivity of a bad conductor.
5 Air Wedge ‐ Determination of thickness of a 9 1 3 10 1 3
thin wire.
6 Spectrometer ‐ Refractive index of a prism. 11 1 3 12 1 3
7 Semiconductor laser ‐ Determination of 13 1 3 14 1 3
wavelength of Laser using Grating.
Total 7 21 7 21
56 Periods
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR A BATCH OF 30 STUDENTS

1 Torsional Pendulum (500 gm, wt, 60 cm wire Al-Ni Alloy) 5
nos.
2 Travelling Microscope (X10) 15
nos.
3 Capillary tube (length 10cm, dia 0.05mm) 5
nos.
4 Magnifying lens (X 10) 15
nos.
5 Lee's disc apparatus (std form) 5
nos.
6 Stop watch ( +/- 1 s) 5
nos.
7 Meter scale 1m length 5
nos.
8 Spectrometer (main scale 360 deg, ver 30") 5
nos.
9 Grating (2500 LPI) 5 nos.
10 Laser (632.8 nm) 5 nos.
49
11 Semi transparent glass plate Al coating, 65 nm thickness,
50% visibility 5
nos.
12 Equilateral prism (n = 1.54) 5
nos.
13 Thermometer +/- 1 deg 8
nos.
14 Screw gauge (+/- 0.001cm) 12
nos.
15 Vernier caliper (+/- 0.01 cm) 8
nos.
16 Steam Boiler 1L 5
nos.
17 Scale 50 cms 5
nos.
18 Cylindrical mass 100 gms 10
sets
19 Slotted wt 300 gms 5 sets
20 Heater 1.5 KW 5
nos.
21 Transformer sodium vapour lamp 1 KW 10
nos.
22 Sodium vapour lamp 700 W 5 nos
23 Burette 50 mL 5 nos
24 Beaker 250 mL 5 nos
25 Spirit level 10
nos
REFERENCE
 P.Mani, Engineering Physics Practicals, Dhanam Publications, Chennai, 2005.
50
CYA131 CHEMISTRY LABORATORY
LTPC
0031
S.No. List of Experiments Batch 1 (30) Batch 2 (30)
(Any five) Week Periods Periods allotted

Weekallotted
L P L P
1 Estimation of Commercial soda by acid‐base 1 1 3 2 1 3

titration
2 Determination of Percentage of nickel in an alloy 3 3 4 3
3 Determination of Temporary, permanent and total 5 3 6 3

hardness of water by EDTA method 1 1
Determination of Chloride content in a water sample

4 7 3 8 3
5 Potentiometric Estimation of iron 9 1 3 10 1 3

Conductometric Titration of a strong acid with a 1 3 1 3
6 strong base 11 12
7 Conductometric Titration of mixture of acids. 13 1 3 14 1 3

8 Determination of Degree of polymerization of a 15 1 16 1 3
polymer by Viscometry 3 24
6 6 24
Total
60 Periods
List of Glassware and Equipments required for a batch of 30 students

1 Burett (50 mL) 30 nos
2 Pipette (20 mL) 30 nos.
3 Conical Flask (250 mL) 30 nos
4 Distilled water bottle (1 L) 30 nos
5 Standard flask (100 mL) 30 nos
6 Funnel (small) 30 nos
7 Glass rod 20 cm length 30 nos
8 Reagent Bottle (250 mL) 30 nos.
9 Reagent Bottle (60 mL) 30 nos
10 Beaker (100 mL) 30 nos
11. Oswald Viscometer Glass 30 nos
12. Measuring Cylinder (25 mL) 30 nos
51
13. Digital Conductivity Meter PICO make 8 nos
14. Conductivity cell (K=1) 12 nos
15. Digital Potentiometer PICO make 8 os
16. Calomel Electrode Glass 12 nos
17. Platinum Electrode Polypropylene 12 nos
18. Burette Stands Wooden 30 nos
19. Pipette stands Wooden 30 nos
20. Retard stands Metal 30 nos
21. Porcelain Tiles White 30 os
22. Clamps with Boss heads Metal 30 nos
REFERENCES
1. J.Mendham, R.C. Denney, J.D. Barnes and N.J.K. Thomas, Vogel's Textbook of Quantative
Chemical Analysis, 6th Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.
2. C. W. Garland, J. W. Nibler, D. P. Shoemaker, ;"Experiments in Physical Chemistry, 8th ed.,"
McGraw-Hill, New York, 2009.
3. S. Sumathi, Engineering Chemistry Practicals, Dhanam Publications, 2011.
GEA132 ENGINEERING PRACTICES LABORATORY II

L T P C
0 0 3 1
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS HOURS
Electrical Engineering:
1. Wiring for a tube light. 6

2. Wiring for a lamp and fan. 6
3. Staircase wiring 3
4. Study of (i) Iron box and (ii) Fan with Regulator Electronics Engineering 6
Electronics Engineering
5. Study of Electronic components and Equipments 3
6. Characteristics of PN junction diode & measurement of Ripple factor of half wave and
full wave rectifier. 9
7. Applications of OP-AMP - Inverter, Adder and Subtractor. 9
8. Study and verification of Logic Gates 3
PRACTICAL 45
Components Required:
Electrical Engineering
Choke 2 nos
Starter 2 nos
Tubelight stand 2 nos
52
36W tubelight 2 nos
Fan 2 nos
40W lamp 5 nos
Single way switch 10 nos
Two way switch 5 nos
Iron box 2 nos
Fan with regulator opened 1 no (demo purpose )
Electronics Engineering
IC Trainer Kit, Resistors, Capacitors, CRO, Function Generator,BreadBoard,Regulated Power Supply,
Zener Diode, PN Junction Diode, Potentiometer, Digital Multimeter,Ammeter, Voltmeter, Wattmeter,
IC 7408,IC 7432,IC 7486, IC 7400, IC 7404, IC 7402
TEXT BOOK
1. T. Jeyapoovan, M.Saravanapandian and S. Pranitha, Engineering Practices Lab Manual, 3rd
Edition 2006, Vikas Publishing house (P) Ltd., New Delhi.
ECB131 CIRCUITS AND DEVICES LABORATORY

L T P C
0 0 3 1
ECB131 CIRCUITS AND DEVICES 1CREDITS
LABORATORY
Prerequisite Nil
Goal To Provide practical knowledge about various electric
circuits and electron devices
Objectives Outcome
This lab experiments should enable the At the end of the course the student should be able to:
students to:
1. Verify KVL and KCL, 1. Understand KVL and KCL,
2. Verify Thevenin Theorems, 2. Understand Thevenin Theorems.
3. Verify superposition Theorem, 3. Understand superposition Theorem,
4. Verify Maximum power transfer 4. Understand Maximum power transfer and
and reciprocity theorems, reciprocity theorem,
5. Analyze the frequency response 5. Understand frequency response of series and
of series and parallel resonance parallel resonance circuits,
circuits, 6. Understand , design and verify the characteristics
6. Analyze the characteristics of of BJT under CE configuration,
BJT under CE configuration, 7. Understand ,design and verify the characteristics
7. Analyze the characteristics of of UJT,
UJT, 8. Understand ,design and verify the characteristics
8. Analyze the characteristics of of SCR,
SCR, 9. Understand , design and verify the characteristics
9. Analyze the characteristics of of JFET,
JFET, 10. Study of Thevenin and Super position theorem
10. Study of Thevenin and Super using multisim software tool
position theorem using multisim
software tool
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Verification of KVL and KCL

2. Verification of Thevenin Theorems.
3. Verification of superposition Theorem.
4. Verification of Maximum power transfer and reciprocity theorems.
5. Frequency response of series and parallel resonance circuits.
6. Characteristics of BJT under CE configuration.
53
7. Characteristics of UJT.
8. Characteristics of SCR.
9. Characteristics of JFET.
10. Study of Thevenin and Super position theorem using multisim software tool
TOTAL = 45
SEMESTER III
MAA202 -ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS – III
L T P C
3 1 0 4
UNIT – I: Partial Differential Equations 12
Formation of partial differential equation differential equations by elimination arbitrary constant
arbitrary functions – Solution of standard types of first order partial differential equations – Lagrange‘s
linear equation – Linear partial differential equations of second and higher order with constant
coefficients.
UNIT – II: Boundary Value Problems 12
Classification of second order linear partial differential equations – Solutions of one dimensional wave
equation – One dimensional heat equation – Steady state solution of two dimensional heat equations
(Insulated edges excluded) – Fourier series solutions in Cartesian coordinates.
UNIT – III: Fourier Transform 12
Fourier Integral Theorem (without proof) – Fourier transform pair – Sine and Cosine transforms –
Properties – Transforms of Simple functions – Convolution theorem – Parseval‘s identity.
UNIT – IV: Z – Transform and Difference Equations 12
Z – Transform – Elementary Properties – Inverse Z – transform – Convolution theorem – Formation of

Difference equations – Solution of difference equations using z – transform
UNIT V: BESSEL FUNCTIONS 12
Bessel's equation, Bessel functions, recurrence relations, orthogonality property, generating function,
equations reducible to Bessel's equation.
Total: 60
TEXT BOOKS:
1.M.K. Venkatraman, Mathematics, Vol – II, National Publishing Company,
Chennai.
2.A.P.Santhakumaran, P.Titus, J.Xavier Pragasam, Transforms and Partial Differential
Equations, Nimeric Publications.
3. M.K. Venkatraman, Higher Mathematics for Engineering and Science, National Publishing
Company, Chennai.
REFERENCES:
1. Kandasamy. Engineering Mathematics Volume II, S. Chand & Co., New Delhi.
2. B.S. Grewal , ―Engineering Maths – II, Sultem Chand, New Delhi.
rd
3. Bali N.P & Manish Goyal, Text book of Engg. Maths, 3 Edition, Lakshmi
Publications.
54
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS
LTPC
3104
ECB201 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS CREDITS
Prerequisite ECB101
Goal The aim of this course is to familiarize the student with the analysis
and design of basic transistor, amplifier circuits and power
supplies.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the At the end of the course the student should be able to:
students to:
1.Study transistor 1.Understand the methods of biasing transistors and design of
biasing and mid band simple amplifier circuits,
analysis of amplifier
circuits
2. Study the frequency 2. Understand the frequency response of amplifiers and

response of amplifiers. calculate its cutoff frequencies and bandwidth
3.Study of power
amplifiers 3. Understand power amplifiers and calculate power efficiency.
4. Study feedback 4. Understand the different topologies of feedback amplifiers and

amplifiers and time time base generators.
base generators.
5. Study rectifiers and 5. Understand the analysis and design of power supplies and
power supplies. power control using SCR.
UNIT I TRANSISTOR BIASING 9

BJT – Need for biasing - Load line and quiescent point. Different types of biasing circuits in BJT and
FET. Midband analysis of single stage BJT amplifiers .Methods of increasing input impedance using
Darlington connection and bootstrapping.
UNIT II FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF AMPLIFIERS 9

Low frequency and High frequency analysis of BJT amplifiers High frequency equivalent circuit and
analysis of FET amplifiers.General expression for frequency response of multistage amplifiers.
Calculation of overall upper and lower cut off frequencies of multistage amplifiers. Basic emitter
coupled differential amplifier circuit. CMRR, transfer characteristics.
UNIT III POWER AMPLIFIERS 9

Classification of amplifiers (Class A, B, AB, C&D), Efficiency of class A, RC coupled and transformer-
coupled power amplifiers. Class B complementary-symmetry, push-pull power amplifiers. Calculation
of power output, efficiency and power dissipation. Crossover distortion and methods of eliminating
it.Class C and D amplifiers.Heat sink design.
UNIT IV FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS AND TIMEBASE GENERATORS 9
Block diagram. Loop gain. Gain with feedback. Desensitivity of gain. Distortion and cut off frequencies
with feedback. The four basic feedback topologies and the type of gain stabilized by each type of
feedback. Input and Output resistances with feedback. Nyquist criterion for stability of feedback
amplifiers. Pulse transformers. UJT sawtooth generators.Linearization using constant current
circuit.Bootstrap and Miller saw-tooth generators.Current time base generators.
UNIT V RECTIFIERS AND POWER SUPPLIES 9

Half-wave, full-wave and bridge rectifiers with resistive load.Analysis for Vdc and ripple voltage with
C, CL, L-C and C-L-C filters.RL & RC Integrator and Differentiator circuits.Diode clippers, clampers
55
and slicers.Voltage multipliers, Zener diode regulator.Electronically regulated d.c power supplies.Line
regulation, output resistance and temperature coefficient.Switched mode power supplies.Power
control using SCR.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
TEXT BOOK
nd
1. Milman and Halkias,Integrated Electronics McGraw Hill publishers 2 edition 2010
2. Boylestad Nashelsky - Electronic devices and Circuit Theory- Pearson Education India
10th edition,2009
3. Millman J. and Taub H., "Pulse Digital and Switching waveform", McGraw-Hill International
REFERENCES
1. Schilling and Belove, "Electronic Circuits", TMH, Third Edition, 2002 (Unit - III)
2. S Salivahanan and N Suresh Kumar, Electronic devices and Circuits Tata McGraw Hill publishers
nd
2 edition 2011
3. Floyd, Electronic Devices, Sixth edition, Pearson Education, 2003.
4. David A. Bell, " Solid State Pulse Circuits ", Prentice Hall of India, 1992.
DIGITAL SYSTEMS
LTPC
3 1 0 4
ECB202 DIGITAL SYSTEMS 4 CREDITS

Prerequisite
To learn the basic methods and provide the fundamental concepts used in the design of
Goal
digital systems.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to: At the end of the course the student should be able
to:
1. Learn number systems, codes, basic 1. Reduce complex logical expressions using
postulates of Boolean algebra and shows the various postulates of Boolean algebra,
correlation between Boolean expressions,
2. Gain knowledge of the methods for

simplifying Boolean expressions, 2. Use different graphical methods for the
simplification of complex logical expressions,
3. Outline the formal procedures for the
analysis and design of combinational circuits, 3. Use the design methodology for combinational
logic circuits,
4. Learn about several structural and behavioral
models for synchronous sequential circuits,
4.Make use of design concepts of sequential circuits,
5. Provide knowledge of the concept of
memories and programmable logic devices.
5. Understand the structure of various semiconductor
storage devices.
UNIT I NUMBER SYSTEMS AND BOOLEAN SWITCHING ALGEBRA 12
Introduction to Number Systems – Positional Number Systems, Number System conversion, Binary
codes –Binary arithmetic, Binary logic functions – Switching algebra – Functionally complete
operation sets, Reduction of switching equations using Boolean algebra, Realization of switching
function. DeMorgan‘s Theorem.
56
UNIT II COMBINATIONAL LOGIC CIRCUIT DESIGN 12
Logic Gates, Minimal two level networks – Minimization of POS and SOP – Design of two level gate
networks – Two level NAND-NAND and NOR-NOR networks – Karnaugh maps – Advantages and
Limitations – Quine McClusky‘s method.
UNIT III ARITHMETIC AND STANDARD COMBINATIONAL MODULE 12
Adders – Subtractors – Binary parallel adders, Parallel subtractors, Parallel adder/subtractors, Binary
decoders and encoders – Priority encoders – Multiplexers – MUX as universal combinational modules
– Demultiplexers- Introduction to Hardware Description Language (HDL[Arithmetic, Multiplexer.
Demultiplexer Module Only])
UNIT IV SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT 12
Flip flops – SR, JK, D and T flip flops, Master – Slave flip flops, Characteristic and excitation table –
Shift registers – Counters – Synchronous and Asynchronous counters – Modulus counters, Up/Down
counters – State diagram, State table, State minimization, Implication chart method.
UNIT V MEMORIES AND PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES 12
Classification of memories –RAM organization – Write operation –Read operation – Memory cycle -
Timing wave forms – Memory decoding – memory expansion – Static RAM Cell-Bipolar RAM cell –
MOSFET RAM cell –Dynamic RAM cell –ROM organization - PROM –EPROM –EEPROM –EAPROM
–Programmable Logic Devices –Programmable Logic Array (PLA)- Programmable Array Logic (PAL)-
Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA).
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL=60
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Morris Mano, ―Digital design‖, 3 rd Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2008.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Milos Ercegovac, Jomas Lang, ―Introduction to Digital Systems‖, Wiley publications, 1998.
2. John M. Yarbrough, ―Digital logic: Applications and Design‖, Thomas – Vikas Publishing House,
2002.
th
3. R.P.Jain, ―Modern digital Electronics‖,4 Edition, TMH, 2010.
4. William H. Gothmann, ―Digital Electronics‖, Prentice Hall, 2001.
57
SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
LTPC
3 1 0 4
ECB203 SIGNALS AND 4 CREDITS

SYSTEMS
Prerequisite
Maths basics
Goal To study and analyze characteristics of continuous,
discrete signals and systems
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. Understand the representation of 1. Understand the properties and representation
Signals, classification of signals, signal of discrete and continuous signals.
transforms and their properties, 2. Analyze and transform signals to different
2. Understand the concepts in the analysis domains,
of continuous time signals and systems, 3. Perform sampling on the continuous signals
3. Understand Sampling Theorem and Z- along with the analysis of discrete systems
Transform, using Z-transforms,
4. Understand pole-zero analysis and 4. Perform the analysis on poles and zeros and
Inverse Z-Transform Inverse Z-Transform
5. Understand the concepts of DFT and 5. Perform the analysis of discrete time systems.
Discrete Time systems,
.
UNIT I REPRESENTATION OF SIGNALS 9
Continuous and discrete time signals: definition and mathematical representation of basic signals-
step, impulse, ramp and exponential signals, sinc signal, Classification of Signals – Periodic,
aperiodic, even, odd, energy and power signals, Deterministic and random signals, complex
exponential and sinusoidal signals, periodicity, Transformations: time scaling, time shifting,
Determination of Fourier series representation of continuous time and discrete time periodic signals,
Explanation of properties of continuous time and discrete time Fourier series.
UNIT II ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 9
Continuous time Fourier Transform and Laplace Transform: analysis with examples, basic properties-
Linearity, Time Sift, frequency shift, time scaling, Parseval‘s relation and convolution in time and
frequency domains. Basic properties of continuous time systems with examples- linearity, causality,
time invariance, stability, static and dynamic, magnitude and Phase representations of frequency
response of LTI systems,Analysis and characterization of LTI systems using Laplace transform;
Computation of impulse response and transfer function using Laplace transform.
UNIT III SAMPLING THEOREM AND Z-TRANSFORMS 9
Representation of continuous time signals by its samples, Sampling theorem, Reconstruction of a

Signal from its samples, aliasing,
Z-transform: definition of Z-transform, region of convergence, examples, Poles and Zeros, properties
of ROC, Properties of Z-transform with examples
UNIT IV: INVERSE Z-TRANSFORM
Inverse Z-transform using Contour integration, Residue Theorem, Power Series expansion and Partial
fraction expansion, Relationship between z-transform and Fourier transform. Computation of Impulse,
response & Transfer function using Z Transform.
58
UNIT V: DTFT AND DISCRETE TIME SYSTEMS 9
DTFT: Definition, examples Properties and examples, Discrete Time LTI systems, Properties: -
linearity, causality, time invariance, stability, static and dynamic, Characterization using difference
equation, Block diagram representation,examples, Properties of convolution, interconnection of LTI
Systems – Causality and stability of LTI Systems.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
TEXT BOOK
1. AlanV.Oppenheim, Alan S.Willsky with S.Hamid Nawab, Signals & Systems, 2nd edn., Pearson
Education, 1997.
REFERENCES
1. John G.Proakis and Dimitris G.Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing, Principles, Algorithms and
Applications, 4th Edition, PHI, 2006.
2. M.J.Roberts, Signals and Systems Analysis using Transform method and MATLAB, McGraw Hill,
2003.
nd
3. Simon Haykin and Barry Van Veen, Signals and Systems, 2 Edition, John Wiley, 2007.
4. K.Lindner, Introduction to signals and systems, McGraw Hill International, 1999.
5. Michael J Roberts, Fundamentals of Signals and systems, McGraw Hill, 2008.
59
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS AND WAVES
LTPC
3 1 0 4
ECB204 ELECTROMAGNETIC 4 CREDITS

FIELDS AND WAVES
Prerequisite MAA102
Goal To familiarize the student to the concepts, calculations
pertaining to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic
fields so that an in depth understanding of antennas,
electronic devices, Waveguides is possible
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the student to At the end of the course the student should be able to
1. Review the basics of Coordinate 1. Solve problems of 3D coordinate systems
systems and Vector Calculus and vector calculus, Coulomb's law to solve
static Electric fields and Electric problems related to electrical force, Solve
Potential, flux density, problems related to charge, electric field,
and forces,
2. Be familiarized with the 2. Develop field equations starting from a basic
fundamental theory of static knowledge of Biot-Savart Law, Ampere‘s
magnetic fields, Obtain field law, Develop field equations for various
distribution of various sources, to sources of magnetic field and plot the field
introduce the fundamentals of distribution using any of the software,
Magnetic forces and torque , 3. Solve problems using Laplace‘s and
3. Understand the Laplace‘s and Poisson‘s, Calculate capacitance of various
Poisson‘s equations, Capacitance geometries, Apply boundary conditions to
of various geometries, boundary solve electromagnetic problems, Understand
conditions for electric fields, Study the inductance of different types of
the Inductance, Study Magnetic conductors, Apply boundary conditions to
boundary conditions, solve electromagnetic problems,
4. Study understand Maxwell‘s 4. Solve problems using Maxwell‘s equations,
equations, the meaning and Apply Maxwell‘s theory to understand the
physical significance, Express concept of wave propagation, Solve
Maxwell‘s four equations in problems of Power flow using Poynting
integral and differential forms vector,
Study the power flow, 5. Know how the electromagnetic waves are
5. Know the concept of plane waves, propagating, Solve problems using various
mathematically represent it in conditions of field propagation, differentiate
various forms, study wave between different media based on wave
propagation through various propagation and related phenomena and
media. And wave passage solve problems of reflection and refraction of
between dissimilar media. complex wave propagation.
UNIT I STATIC ELECTRIC FIELDS 9
Introduction to Co-ordinate System – Rectangular – Cylindrical and Spherical Co-ordinate System –
Introduction to line, Surface and Volume Integrals – Definition of Curl, Divergence and Gradient –
Meaning of Strokes theorem and Divergence theorem Coulomb‘s Law in Vector Form – Definition of
Electric Field Intensity – Principle of Superposition– Electric Field due to discrete charges – Electric
field due to continuous charge distribution -Electric Field due to charges distributed uniformly on an
infinite and finite line – Electric Field onthe axis of a uniformly charged circular disc – Electric Field
due to an infinite uniformly chargedsheetElectric Scalar Potential – Relationship between potential
and electric field - Potential due toinfinite uniformly charged line – Potential due to electrical dipole -
Electric Flux Density – GaussLaw – Proof of Gauss Law – Applications.
60
UNIT II STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD 9
The Biot-Savart Law in vector form – Magnetic Field intensity due to a finite and infinite wirecarrying a
current I – Magnetic field intensity on the axis of a circular and rectangular loop carryinga current I –
Ampere‘s circuital law and simple applications.Magnetic flux density – The Lorentz force equation for
a moving charge and applications –Force on a wire carrying a current I placed in a magnetic field –
Torque on a loop carrying a currentI – Magnetic moment – Magnetic Vector Potential.
UNIT III ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MATERIALS 9

Poisson‘s and Laplace‘s equation – Electric Polarization-Nature of dielectric materials- Definitionof
Capacitance – Capacitance of various geometries using Laplace‘s equation – Electrostaticenergy and
energy density – Boundary conditions for electric fields – Electric current – Currentdensity – point
form of ohm‘s law – continuity equation for current.Definition of Inductance – Inductance of loops and
solenoids – Definition of mutual inductance –simple examples. Energy density in magnetic fields –
Nature of magnetic materials – magnetizationand permeability - magnetic boundary conditions.
UNIT IV TIME VARYING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS 9

Faraday‘s law – Maxwell‘s Second Equation in integral form from Faraday‘s Law –
Equationexpressed in point form.Displacement current – Ampere‘s circuital law in integral form –
Modified form of Ampere‘scircuital law as Maxwell‘s first equation in integral form – Equation
expressed in point form.Maxwell‘s four equations in integral form and differential form.Poynting Vector
and the flow of power – Power flow in a co-axial cable – Instantaneous Averageand Complex
Poynting Vector.
UNIT V ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 9

Derivation of Wave Equation – Uniform Plane Waves – Maxwell‘s equation in Phasor form –Wave
equation in Phasor form – Plane waves in free space and in a homogenous material.Wave equation
for a conducting medium – Plane waves in lossy dielectrics – Propagation ingood conductors – Skin
effect.Linear, Elliptical and circular polarization – Reflection of Plane Wave from a conductor –
normalincidence – Reflection of Plane Waves by a perfect dielectric – normal and oblique
incidence.Dependence on Polarization.Brewster angle.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
TEXT BOOKS
th
1. William H. Hayt, John. A. Buck ―Engineering Electromagnetics‖ 7 edition, Tata McGraw Hill,
2005
2. E.C. Jordan & K.G. Balmain ―Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems.‖ Prentice Hallof
India 2nd edition 2003. (Unit IV, V). McGraw-Hill, 9th reprint
th
3. Mathew . N. O. Sadiku ― Principles of Electromagnetics‖, ―4 edition, Oxford university Press,
2009
REFERENCE BOOKS
1.NarayanaRao.N : ―Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics‖ 6th edition, Prentice Hall
of India, New Delhi, 2012.
nd
2. David. K. Cheng, ―Fields and Wave electromagnetics, 2 edition, Pearson Education, 2004
61
ECB231ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS LAB
LTPC
0 0 3 1
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Fixed Bias amplifier circuits using BJT.

2. BJT Amplifier using voltage divider bias (self-bias).
3. Source follower with Bootstrapped gate resistance.
4. Darlington amplifier
5. Class B Complementary symmetry power amplifier
6. Full wave rectifier with simple capacitor filter.
7. Voltage Series feedback amplifiers Frequency response, Input and output impedance calculation
SIMULATION USING MULTISIM / PSPICE

1. Differential amplifier.
2. Astable, Monostable
3. Bistable multivibrator
TOTAL = 45
DIGITAL SYSTEMS LAB

LTPC
0 0 3 1
ECB232 DIGITAL SYSTEMS 1 CREDITS

LAB
Prerequisite
Goal To understand the design and analysis of

combinational sequential circuits using logic gates
and MSI devices and to implement the same using
HDL
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. Understand Boolean theorems and
logic gates and to design and 1. Implement combinational circuits using basic
implement combinational circuits logic gates,
using basic logic gates, 2. Understand the design of Combinational
2. Design Combinational circuits using circuits such as adders, comparators..etc.
MSI devices, using MSI devices,
3. Design and implement synchronous 3. Understand the design and implementation
and asynchronous sequential of Multiplexers, synchronous and
circuits, asynchronous counters etc,
4. Understand Hardware description 4. Understand the Hardware Description
language and simulate the design of Language and design and simulate
combinational and sequential circuits combinational circuits like arithmetic circuits
using Verilog. and multiplexers, and sequential circuits like
counters using Verilog.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Design and implementation of Adders and Subtractors using logic gates.

2. Design and implementation of code converters using logic gates
62
(i) BCD to excess-3 code and vice versa
(ii) Binary to gray and vice-versa
3. Design and implementation of 4 bit binary Adder/ subtractor and BCD adder using IC 7483
4. Deign and implementation of 2Bit Magnitude Comparator using logic gates and 8 Bit Magnitude
Comparator using IC 7485
5. Design and implementation of Multiplexer and De-multiplexer using logic gates .
6. Design and implementation of encoder and decoder using logic gates
7. Construction and verification of 4 bit ripple counter and Mod-10 counters
8. Design and implementation of 3-bit synchronous up/down counter
9. Design and Verification of truth table of Master slave JK flip flop.
10. Design of Asynchronous up Counter.(MOD-6)
11. Design of Adder and Subtractor using VHDL.
12. Design of MUX and DeMux using VHDL.
13. Design of 4 bit Ripple Counter and MOD 10 Counter using VHDL.
TOTAL:45
ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB

LTPC
0 0 3 1
EEB141 ELECTRICAL MACHINES LAB 1 CREDIT
Prerequisite
To expose the students to the basic operations of electrical machines and help them to
Goal develop experimental skills.
Outcome
Objectives
The course will enable the students to : At the end of this course the studentsshould be
able to:
1. By conduct open circuit load test, obtain the 1. Know the magnetic characteristics and critical
open circuit & load characteristics, resistances from open circuit. And study
analysis of variation of load voltage can be
2. Conduct actual load test for D.C Shunt Motor, studied.
3. Conduct actual load test D.C Series Motor, 2. The performance of D.C Shunt motor can be
studied,
4. Predetermine the efficiency of a D.C. machines, 3. Obtain the Performance characteristics of D.C
Series motor ,
5. Obtain the performance characteristics of single 4. Predetermine the efficiency at different loads,
phase transformer, 5. Select motor for practical applications,
6. Obtain the regulation by e.m.f , m.m.f 6. Predict the variations in terminal voltage of
Method, alternator,
7. Obtain the torque slip characteristics, 7. Select the motor for particular applications,
8. Obtain performance of induction 8. select motor for particular application,

Characteristics,
9. Obtain performance characteristics of single 9. To select among several motors.

phase induction motor.
63
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Open circuit and load characteristics of separately excited and self excited D.C. generator.
2. Load test on D.C. shunt motor.
3. Load test on D.C. series motor.
4. Swinburne‘s test and speed control of D.C. shunt motor.
5. Load test on single phase transformer and open circuit and short circuit test on single phase
transformer
6. Regulation of three phase alternator by EMF and MMF methods.
7. Load test on three phase induction motor.
8. No load and blocked rotor tests on three phase induction motor (Determination of equivalent
circuit parameters)
9 Load test on single-phase induction motor.
10. Study of D.C. motor and induction motor starters.
TOTAL : 45
SSA231 APTITUDE – I
L T P C
1 0 1 1
PURPOSE:
The purpose of this course is to build confidence and inculcate various soft skills and to help
Students to identify and achieve their personal potential.
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. To guide thought process
2. Appear for placement aptitude tests confidently
3. To develop Communication skill
4. To build confidence
5. Acquire aptitude skills for employment
METHODOLOGY:
The entire program is designed in such a way that every student will participate in the class
room activities. The activities are planned to bring out the skills and talents of the students
which they will be employing during various occasions in their real life.
1. Group Activities + Individual activities
2. Collaborative learning
3. Interactive sessions
4. Ensure participation
5. Empirical learning
LOGICAL REASONING:
Number, Letter series, Analogies- Coding, Decoding – Blood relations, direct sense,
64
Operator based questions – Clock & Calendars
Distribution, Binary Logic and Puzzles – Arrangements, Selections.
Routes & Networks, Comparison – Cubes & Venn Diagrams.
VERBAL ABILITY:
Critical Reasoning – Antonym, Synonym
Odd man – fill in the blank
Sentence Construction / Completion – Idiomatic expression
Detection of errors.
Jumbled sentences, Vocabulary, Alphabetical sequence, cloze passage.
EVALUATION:
1. University Theory Question paper
2. Activities assessed by both group and individual participation
3. Continuous assessment based on daily participation
SCHEME OF INSTRUCTION:
Marks allocated for regular participation in all oral activities in class.
SCHEME OF EXAMINATION:
Complete internal evaluation on regular basis.
65
SEMESTER IV
MAA204-RANDOM PROCESSES
LTPC
3104
UNIT I PROBABILITY AND RANDOM VARIABLE 12

Axioms of probability - Conditional probability - Total probability – Baye‘s theorem - Random variable
- Probability mass function - Probability density functions- Properties –Moments - Moment generating
functions and their properties.
UNIT II STANDARD DISTRIBUTIONS 12
Binomial, Poisson, Geometric, Uniform, Exponential, and Normal distributions and their properties -
Functions of a random variable.
UNIT III TWO DIMENSIONAL RANDOM VARIABLES 12

Joint distributions - Marginal and conditional distributions – Covariance - Correlation and regression
UNIT IV CLASSIFICATION OF RANDOM PROCESSES 12

Definition and examples - first order, second order, strictly stationary, wide – sense stationary and
Ergodic processes - Markov process - Binomial, Poisson processes.
UNIT V CORRELATION AND SPECTRAL DENSITIES 12

Auto correlation - Cross correlation - Properties – Power spectral density – Cross spectral density -
Properties – Wiener-Khintchine relation(Statement only) – Relationship between cross power
spectrum and cross correlation function
TOTAL: 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Kandasamy, ―Random Processes‖, S. Chand & Co, Latest Edition
2.Singaravelu, ―Random Processes‖, Viji Academy, Latest Edition.
3.A.Chandrasekaran,G.Kavitha,―Probability,Statistics,RandomProcesses&Queuing Theory‖, Dhanam
Publications.
REFERENCES
1. Henry Stark and John W. Woods ―Probability and Random Processes with Applications to
Signal Processing‖, Pearson Education, Third edition, Delhi, 2002.
2. Veerarajan. T., ―Probability, Statistics and Random process‖, Tata McGraw-Hill Publications,
Second Edition, New Delhi, 2002.
3. Ochi, M.K. , ―Applied Probability and Stochastic Process‖, John Wiley & Sons, New York,
1990.
66
LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
LTPC
3 1 0 4
ECB205 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 4 CREDITS
Prerequisite ECB201
Goal To teach the basic concepts in the design of electronic circuits using linear integrated
circuits and their applications in the processing of analog signals.
Objectives Outcome
1. Learn the IC fabrication technology, 1. Enumerate different steps involved in the
process of fabrication of integrated circuit,
2. Know the Op -amp characteristics and its
linear applications, 2. Distinguish clearly between an ideal and actual
characteristics of an Op-amp. And to learn
3. Learn comparator, Schmitt-Trigger different linear applications,
circuits, Voltage regulator and some
linear and nonlinear oscillators, 3. Understand different nonlinear applications,
4. Study how an Op-Amp can act as a filter 4. Understand the advantages of using active
on an electrical signal, filters in place of passive filters,
5. Learn the theory and applications of PLL, 5. Understand how an operational amplifier can be
ADC and DAC. helpful in signal processing.
.
UNIT I INTEGRATED CIRCUIT TECHNOLOGY 9

Monolithic Integrated Circuit Technology – Planar process – Bipolar Junction Transistor fabrication ––
Monolithic diodes – Metal –Semiconductor contact – Integrated Circuit Resistors – Integrated Circuit
Capacitors – Fabrication of MOSFET – CMOS Technology
UNIT II OP-AMP CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS 9

Characteristics of ideal op-amp. Pin configuration of 741 op-amp. Internal Circuit, Bias, offsets and
drift,bandwidth and slew rate.DC and AC characteristics, Frequency compensation. Applications:
Instrumentation Amplifier, inverting and non-inverting amplifiers, inverting and non-inverting summers,
difference amplifier, differentiator and integrator, Log and antilog amplifiers.Multiplier and divider,
analog computers.
UNIT III COMPARATORS AND SIGNAL GENERATORS 9

Comparators, regenerative comparators, astable multivibrator, Monostable multivibrator, Triangular
wave- generators, RC-phaseshift oscillator, Wein‘s bridge oscillator,Voltage Regulator, Series op amp
regulator, IC voltage regulator,723 general purpose regulator, Switching Regulator.
UNIT IV ACTIVE FILTERS, TIMERS AND MULTIPLIERS 9
Low pass, High pass, Band pass and Band Reject filters, Butterworth, Chebychev filters, first and
second order filters-switched capacitor filters. 555 Timer functional diagram, monostable and astable
operation, multiplier - application.
UNIT V PLL, ADC AND DAC 9

PLL- basic block diagram and operation, Phase Detector/comparator, VCO ,capture range and lock
range,IC PLL 565 Block diagram, simple applications of PLL, AM detection, FM detection and FSK
demodulation. Weighted resistor DAC, R-2R and inverted R-2R DAC, monolithic DAC.Flash ADC,
counter type ADC, successive approximation ADC, dual slope ADC, DAC/ADC specifications.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Ramakant A.Gayakwad, ‗OP-AMP and Linear ICs‘, Prentice Hall / Pearson Education
2. Coughlin & Driscoll, ‗OP-AMP and Linear ICs‘; PHI
67
REFERENCES
1. Gray and Meyer, ‗Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits‘, Wiley International .
2. Sergio Franco, ‗Design with operational amplifiers and analog integrated circuits‘, McGraw- Hill.
3. K.R.Botkar, ‗Integrated Circuits‘. Khanna Publishers
4. J.Michael Jacob, ‗Applications and Design with Analog Integrated Circuits‘, Prentice Hall of India.
5. D.Roy Choudhry, Shail Jain, ―Linear Integrated Circuits‖, New Age International Pvt. Ltd..
6. Taub and Schilling, Digital Integrated Electronics, McGraw-Hill.
7. Millman.J. and Halkias.C.C. ‗Integrated Electronics‘, McGraw-Hill.
8. William D.Stanely, ‗Operational Amplifiers with Linear Integrated Circuits‘. Pearson Education.
68
CONTROL SYSTEMS LTPC
3104
ECB206 CONTROL SYSTEMS 4 CREDITS
Prerequisite
To familiarize the students with concepts related to the operational analysis and stabilization
Goal
of control systems
Objectives Outcome
At the end of this course the students should be able

The course will enable the students to: to:
1. Analyze representation of systems and to derive 1. Describe various input/output models of dynamic
transfer function models, system,
2. Provide adequate knowledge in the time 2. Understand frequency domain descriptions and
response of systems and steady state error dynamic analysis,
analysis, 3. Understand the concept of stability and effect of
3. Give basic knowledge in obtaining the open loop feedback control on sensitivity,
and closed–loop frequency responses of 4. Apply the basic methods of classical control
systems, system design such as root locus and phase lead-
4. Provide the concept of stability of control lag compensation based on Bode plots,
system and methods of stability analysis, 5. Understand the principles of control theory and the
5. Study the three ways of designing compensation various components and application of Control
for a control system, various components of System.
control system.
UNIT I CONTROL SYSTEM MODELLING 9

System concept, differential equations and transfer functions. Modeling of electric systems,
translational and rotational mechanical systems, Simple electromechanical systems. Block diagram
representation of systems – Block diagram reduction methods – Closed loop transfer function,
determination of signal flow graph. Mason‘s gain formula – Examples.
UNIT II TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS 9

Test signals – time response of first order and second order systems – time domain specifications –
types and order of systems – generalized error co-efficients – steady state errors – concepts of
stability – Routh-Hurwitz stability – root locus.
UNIT III FREQUENCY DOMAIN ANALYSIS 9

Introduction – correlation between time and frequency response – stability analysis using Bode plots,
Polar plots, Nichols chart and Nyquist stability criterion – Gain margin – phase margin.
UNIT IV COMPENSATORS 9
Realization of basic compensators – cascade compensation in time domain and frequency
domain and feedback compensation – design of lag, lead, lag-lead compensator using Bode plot and
Root locus. Introduction to P, PI and PID controllers.
UNIT V CONTROL SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND APPLICATION OF CONTROL SYSTEMS

9
Stepper motors – AC servo motor – DC servo motor – Synchros – sensors and encoders –
DC tacho generator – AC tacho generator – Hydraulic controller – Pneumatic controller – Typical
application of control system in industry.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
69
TEXT BOOKS
th
1. Ogata.K, Modern Control Engineering, Prentice Hall of India, 4 Edition, 2003 (UNIT I – IV)
rd
2. Nagrath & Gopal, Control System Engineering, 3 Edition, New Age International Edition, 2002.
(UNIT V)
REFERENCES
th
1. Benjamin.C.Kuo, Automatic Control Systems, 7 Edition – Prentice Hall of India, 2002.
2. M.Gopal, Control Systems, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1997
ANALOG COMMUNICATION
LTPC
3 1 0 4
ECB207 ANALOG COMMUNICATION 4 CREDITS

Prerequisite Nil
Goal To study the various analog communication
fundamentals viz., Amplitude modulation and
demodulation; Angle modulation and demodulation,
noise performance of various receivers and
information theory with source coding theorem.
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. Study the need of modulation, Amplitude 1. Understand the need for modulation
Modulation and demodulation, and amplitude modulation techniques,
2. Provide various Angle modulation and

demodulation, 2. Understand frequency modulation,
demodulation and the comparison of
3. Study depth analysis in noise AM and FM,
performance Continuous wave 3. Understand the sources and types of
modulations, noise in various receivers,
4. Study various pulse modulation
techniques, 4. Understand the PAM, PPM and PWM
5. Study some basic information techniques,
theory with some channel coding 5. Know the basic information theory and
theorem. various channel coding theorem.
UNIT I AMPLITUDE MODULATION 9

Generation and demodulation of AM, DSB-SC, SSB-SC, VSB Signals, Filtering of sidebands,
Comparison of Amplitude modulation systems, Frequency translation, Frequency Division
multiplexing, AM transmitters – Super heterodyne receiver, AM receiver.
UNIT II ANGLE MODULATION 9

Angle modulation, frequency modulation, Narrowband and wideband FM, transmission bandwidth of
FM signals, Generation of FM signal – Direct FM – indirect FM, Demodulation of FM signals, FM
stereo multiplexing, PLL – Nonlinear model and linear model of PLL, Non-linear effects in FM
systems, FM Broadcast receivers, FM stereo receives, Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in FM,
Comparison of performance of AM and FM systems.
UNIT III NOISE 9

Noise – Shot noise, thermal noise, White noise, Noise equivalent Bandwidth, Narrowband noise,
Representation of Narrowband noise in terms of envelope and phase components, Sine wave plus
Narrowband Noise, Receiver model, Noise in DSB-SC receiver, Noise in SSB receiver, Noise in AM
receivers, Noise in FM receivers, FM threshold effect, FM threshold reduction,.
70
UNI IV PULSE MODULATION 9
Time Divison Multiplexing, Types of Pulse modulation, PAM (Single polarity, double polarity) PWM-
Generation & demodulation of PWM, PPM- Generation and demodulation of PPM
UNIT V INFORMATION THEORY 9

Uncertainty, Information and entropy, Source coding theorem, Data compaction, Discrete memory
less channels, mutual information, channel capacity, channel coding theorem, Differential entropy,
and mutual information for continuous ensembles, information capacity theorem, implication of the
information capacity theorem, rate distortion theory, Compression of information.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
TEXT BOOK
1. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, John Wiley & sons, NY, 4th Edition, 2001.
REFERENCES
1. Roddy and Coolen, Electronic communication, PHI, New Delhi, 4th Edition, 2003.
2.Taub and Schilling, Principles of communication systems, TMH, New Delhi, 1995.
3.Bruce Carlson et al, Communication systems, McGraw-Hill Int., 4th Edition, 2002.
ECB233LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LAB
L T PC
0 0 3 1
ECB233 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LAB 1 CREDITS
Prerequisite ECB201
Goal To study, design and test various applications of linear integrated circuits.
Objectives Outcome
The course will enable the students to design and At the end of this course the studentsshould be
test: able to design and test:
1. Inverting, Non-Inverting & Differential 1. Inverting, Non-Inverting & Differential
Amplifiers using Op-amp, Amplifiers,
2. Integrator, Differentiator using Op-amp, 2. Integrator, Differentiator,
3. Instrumentation amplifier,
4. Filters using Op-amp,
3. Instrumentation amplifier,
5. Astable, Monostable multivibrators 4. Band pass filters,
6. Schmitt Trigger using op-amp, 5. Astable, Monostable multivibrators using
7. Oscillators using Op-amp, Op-amp,
8. Astable, Monostable multivibrators using 6. Schmitt Trigger using op-amp,
555 timer, 7. Oscillators using Op-amp,
9. Power supply. 8. Multivibrator using IC 555 timer,
9. Power supply
71
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
Design and testing of

1. Inverting, Non inverting and differential amplifiers.
2. Integrator and Differentiator.
3. Instrumentation amplifier.
4. Bandpass filter.
5. Astable, Monostable multivibrators using op-amp
6. Schmitt Trigger using op-amp using op-amp
7. Phase shift oscillator using op-amp.
8. Wein bridge oscillator using op-amp.
9. Astable and monostable using NE555 Timer.
10. DC power supply using LM317 and LM723.
TOTAL = 45
72
MATLAB and Simulink Lab
LTPC
0 0 3 1
ECB234 MATLAB and Simulink Lab 1 CREDITS
Prerequisite
Goal Introduce the MATLAB programming environment and the usage
of Simulink blocksets for communication engineering
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
students to:
1. Learn & implement MATLAB, 1. Get a clear understanding of the basics of MATLAB ,
MATLAB help system, various windows and how to use help system,
2. Arrays, Multidimensional 2. Learn how to work with matrices, and their operations,
arrays, Operations, 3. Get a Clear understanding of the usage of MATLAB
3. Functions of MATLAB, functions relevant to communication engineering,
4. Arithmetic and Logical 4. How to perform Arithmetic and Logical operations in
operators, MATLAB and beyond,
5. Conditional statements and 5. Develop programming skills, usage of loops,
loops, 6. Make use of the plotting capabilities of MATLAB to
6. Plotting, special plotting: 3D effectively display the outputs,
plotting, 7. Know signals relevant to communication engineering
7. Generation of various signals system design,
and sequences, 8. know the basics of Simulink blocksets for communication
8. Simulink Basics, engineering,
9. Simulink modeling of basic 9. Understand the usage of basic digital modulation
modulation systems, schemes using Simulink blocksets,
10. Editing and Debugging 10. Enable the student to identify programming errors.
MATLAB Programs.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Introduction to MATLAB, MATLAB help system
2. Arrays, Multidimensional arrays, Operations
3. Functions
4. Arithmetic and Logical operators
5. Conditional statements and loops
6. Plotting, special plotting: 3D plotting
7. Generation of various signals and sequences
8. Simulink Basics
9. Simulink modeling of basic modulation systems
10. Editing and Debugging MATLAB Programs
TOTAL = 45
REFERENCES
1. Brian R. Hunt, Ronald L. Lipsman, Jonathan M. Rosenberg, Kevin R. Coombes, John E.
Osborn, Garrett J. Stuck. ―A guide to MATLAB: For begginers and experienced users‖
Cambridge University Press, 2006
2. MATLAB Tutorial files, www.mathworks.com
73
ANALOG COMMUNICATION LAB
LTPC
0 0 3 1
ANALOG COMMUNICATION
ECB235 1 CREDITS
LAB
Prerequisite Nil
Goal To have a fundamental understanding in analog
communication and analog modulation types.
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. Study the Amplitude and Frequency 1. Evaluate amplitude and frequency modulation
modulation and demodulation , parameters,
2. Study the characteristics of AM and 2. Characterize AM and FM receivers,

FM receivers,
3. Study the different pulse modulation 3. Learn about the Pulse modulation techniques,
techniques,
4. Design and Analysis of AM and FM 4. Analyze and Design the AM and FM using
modulation and demodulation using Matlab anf Pspice.
Matlab and Pspice.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Analog Modulation and Demodulation

2. Frequency Modulation and Demodulation
3. Analysis of AM, FM wave using Spectrum Analyzer.
4. Characteristics of AM receiver (Selectivity & Sensitivity).
5. Characteristics of FM receiver (Selectivity & Sensitivity).
6. Sampling & time division multiplexing.
7. Line coding &Decoding.
8. Preemphasis and Deemphasis
9. Analog modulation and demodulation using Matlab
10. Frequency modulation and demodulation using Matlab
11. Analog modulation and demodulation using Multisim / Pspice
12. Frequency modulation and demodulation using Multisim / Pspice
a
TOTAL = 45
74
SSA232 APTITUDE – II
LTPC
1 0 1 1
PURPOSE:
The purpose of this course is to build confidence and inculcate various soft skills and to help
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
1. To guide thought process
2. Appear for placement aptitude tests confidently
3. To develop Communication skill
4. To build confidence
5. Acquire aptitude skills for employment
METHODOLOGY:
The entire program is designed in such a way that every student will participate in the class room
activities. The activities are planned to bring out the skills and talents of the students which they
will be employing during various occasions in their real life.
1. Group Activities + Individual activities
3. Interactive sessions
4. Ensure participation
5. Empirical learning
QUANTITATIVE APTITUDE:
Sample Equation, Ratio, Proportion, Variation.
Percentage, Profit & Loss, Partnership.
Averages, Mixtures, Allegations: Simple & Compound Interest.
Time Work, Time Distance.
Geometry & Mensuration.
Permutation, Combination & Probability.
Data Interpretation & Data Sufficiency.
Analytical reasoning:
Non- Verbal Reasoning
Word problem
EVALUATION:
Complete internal evaluation on regular basis.
75
SEMESTER V
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

LTPC
3 1 0 4
ECB301 DIGITAL SIGNAL 4 CREDITS

PROCESSING
Prerequisite ECB204
Goal To provide basic knowledge about various signal
processing techniques and their importance
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students At the end of the course the student should be able to:
to : 1. Understand the concept of Discreet Fourier
1. Study the FFT and Basics of Transform efficient computation, Realization of IIR
IIR, FIR Filters, Realization and FIR filters.
2. Study the IIR Filters, 2. Understand the design techniques of IIR and FIR
3. Study the FIR filter and Finite filter types,
Word Length Problems, 3. Understand the limitations of Digital processors
4. Study the Sampling rate and to handle various Quantization noises due to
conversion, finite word length problems,
5. Study the fundamentals of 4. Understand to Decimate and interpolate the signal
Digital Signal Processors. to convert the sampling rate of the known signal,
5. Know the various type of Digital Signal Processors
and their special hardware descriptions.
UNIT I DIGITAL FILTER STRUCTURES AND FFT 12

Systems with finite duration and infinite duration impulse response – recursive and nonrecursive
discrete time system – realization structures – direct form – I, direct form – II, Transpose , cascade
and parallel forms. FFT algorithms – Radix-2 FFT algorithms – Decimation in Time – Decimation in
Frequency algorithms –Use of FFT algorithms in Linear Filtering and correlation
UNIT II IIR DIGITAL FILTERS DESIGN 12

IIR Filters – Magnitude response – Phase response – Design and Implementation of Analog Low
Pass Butterworth filter - Bilinear transformation –Prewarping, Impulse invariant transformation.
UNIT III FIR DIGITAL FILTERS AND FINITE WORD LENGTH EFFECTS 12
Linear phase filters – Windowing techniques – design of linear phase FIR filters – Rectangular,
Hamming – Frequency sampling techniques. Quantization effects – Input, Product and Co-efficient
quantization error - Limit cycle oscillations – Signal scaling.
UNIT IV MULTIRATE DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 12
Decimation– Interpolation– Sampling rate conversion– Implementation of sampling rate onversion.

Polyphase implementation of FIR filters for Interpolator and decimator.
UNIT V DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS 12

Introduction to DSP architecture – Harvard architecture - Dedicated MAC unit - Multiple ALUs,
Advanced addressing modes, Pipelining, Overview of instruction set of TMS320C5X and C54X.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. John G. Proakis, Dimitris G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing Principles, Algorithms and
th
Application, PHI, 4 Edition, 2006.
2. Emmanuel C. Ifeachor, Barrie W. Jervis, Digital Signal Processing A Practical Approach,
nd
Pearson Education India, 2 Edition.
76
3. B.Venkataramani & M. Bhaskar, Digital Signal Processor Architecture, Programming and
Application, TMH 2002. (UNIT – V)
REFERENCES
1. Alan V. Oppenheim, Ronald W. Schafer, ―Discrete Time Signal Processing‖, PHI, 3rd
Edition, 2009.
th
2. Sanjit .K. Mitra, ―Digital Signal Processing-A Computer based approach‖, McGraw-Hill, 4
edition, 2010.
3. S.Salivahanan, A.Vallavaraj, Gnanapriya,‖ Digital Signal Processing‖, Tata McGraw-Hill
/TMH, 2000
4. M.H. Hayes, ‖Schaums Outline of Digital Signal Processing‖, Schaum's Outline Series, 2nd
Edition, 2011.
5. Avtar singh, S.Srinivasan, ―DSP Implementation using DSP microprocessor with Examples‖
from TMS32C54XX -Thamson / Brooks cole Publishers, 2003
DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
LTPC
3 1 0 4
DIGITAL COMMUNICATION
ECB302 4 CREDIT
Prerequisite ECB201, ECB205, ECB207
Goal To introduce the basic concepts of digital modulation
techniques to baseband pulse, pass band data
transmission, to give an exposure to error control
coding and finally to discuss about the spread
spectrum modulation schemes.
Objectives Outcome
1. Understand different methods of pulse to:
digital modulation and demodulation 1.Understand the different methods of PCM, PAM,
schemes, DPCM, DM, ADM schemes which are used in digital
2. Analyze baseband pulse transmission communication,
and reception, its noise occurrence and 2.Understand the analysis of matched filter, ISI,
noise reduction in communication nyquiest‘s criterion, correlative level coding, adaptive
channel, equalization and eye pattern in digital
3. Analyze pass band digital modulation communication channel,
and demodulation schemes and compare 3. Understand the analysis of ASK, FSK, PSK,
its bit error probability, DPSK, DEPSK, QPSK, MSK and GMSK schemes
4. Understand error control codes with and comparison of bit error probability,
different coding techniques and decoding 4.Understand the linear block codes, cyclic codes
techniques in data transmission channel, convolution codes and viterbi decoding techniques
5. Understand the spread spectrum in data transmission channel,
modulation techniques which are used in 5. Understand the PN sequence, DSSS-BPSK,
digital communication. FHSS and gold codes in digital communication.
UNIT I PULSE DIGITAL MODULATION 9

Elements of digital communication systems, advantages of digital communication systems, Elements
of PCM: Sampling, Quantization & Coding, Quantization error. PAM and Other forms of pulse
modulations Differential PCM system (DPCM), TDM, Delta modulation, adaptive delta modulation,
comparison of PCM and DM systems, noise in PCM and DM systems.
77
UNIT II BASE BAND PULSE TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION 9
Base band signal receiver, probability of error, the optimum filter, Matched Filter, , probability of error
using matched filter, Inter symbol Interference, Nyquist‘s criterion for Distortion less Base band
Binary Transmission, Correlative level coding, Adaptive Equalization, Eye pattern analysis.
UNIT III MODULATION SCHEMES 9

Introduction of digital modulation techniques- Generation, Detection, Signal space diagram,
calculation bit error probability and Power spectra of ASK, FSK, PSK, DPSK, DEPSK, QPSK, MSK
and GMSK, similarity of BFSK and BPSK, Comparison of Digital modulation systems using bit error
probability.
UNIT IV ERROR CONTROL CODING 9

Introduction to linear block codes, Matrix description of Linear Block codes, Error detection and error
correction capabilities of Linear block codes, Hamming codes, Binary cyclic codes, Algebraic
structure, encoding, syndrome calculation, Introduction to convolution codes, encoding of convolution
codes, time domain approach, transform domain approach. Graphical approach: state, tree and trellis
diagram, decoding using Viterbi algorithm.
UNIT V SPREAD SPECTRUM MODULATION 9

Pseudo- noise sequences, a notion of spread spectrum – Direct sequence spread spectrum with
coherent binary phase shift keying, Signal space Dimensionality and processing gain, Probability of
error, Frequency –hop spread spectrum -Maximum length and Gold codes.
L = 45, T=15,TOTAL : 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Simon Haykin, ―Digital communications‖, John Wiley, 2005.
2. H. Taub and D. Schilling, ―Principles of Communication Systems‖, TMH, 2003.
nd
3. Bernard Sklar, ―Digital Communication‖,Paerson Education, 2 Edition , 2006.
REFERENCES
1. Sam Shanmugam, ― Digital and Analog Communication Systems‖, -, John Wiley, 2005.
rd
2. B.P.Lathi, ―Modern Analog and Digital Communication‖, Oxford reprint, 3 edition, 2004.
3. Amitabha Bhattacharya, ―Digital Communications‖, Tata McGraw Hill, 2006.
4. John.G. Proakis, ―Fundamentals of Communication Systems‖, Pearson Education, 2006.
5. Michael. B. Purrsley, ―Introduction to Digital Communication‖, Pearson Education, 2006.
rd
6. Herbert Taub , Donald L Schilling, ― Principles of Communication Systems‖, 3 Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2008.
78
MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLER
LTPC
3 1 0 4
ECB303 MICROPROCESSORS AND 4 CREDITS

MICROCONTROLLER
Prerequisite ECB201
Goal To learn the architecture programming and interfacing of
microprocessors and Microcontrollers.
Objectives Outcome
students to:
1.
1. Study 8085 architecture, 2. 1. Understand the architecture, instruction sets and
programming of 8085,
3.
2. Study 8086 architecture, 2.Understand the architecture, Interrupts and memory interfacing
of 8086,
3. Learn 8086 programming, 3.Program arithmetic and data manipulation using 8086,
4. Study Interfacing concepts, 4.Understand interfacing concepts using 8056,
5. Study 8051 Microcontroller.

5. Understand the architecture, instruction sets and programming
of 8081.
UNIT I 8085 MICROPROCESSOR 9

8085 Architecture – Instruction set – Addressing modes – Assembly language programming
– 8 bit arithmetic – Interrupts.
UNIT II 8086 MICROPROCESSOR 9

Functional block diagram –signals – Memory interfacing – I/O ports and data transfer concepts
Timing Diagram – Interrupt structure.
UNIT III PROGRAMMING OF 8086 PROCESSOR 9

Instruction format and addressing modes – Assembly language format – Data transfer, data
Manipulation, control and string instructions – Programming: Loop structure with counting Indexing –
Look up table – Subroutine instructions stack.
UNIT IV PHERIPHERAL INTERFACING 9
Study of Architecture and programming of ICs: 8255 PPI, 8259 PIC, 8257 PIC, 8251 USART and
2
8253 Timer/Counter –Inter Integrated Circuits (I C), Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)– A/D and D/A
converter interfacing.
UNIT V MICRO CONTROLLER 8051 9

Functional block diagram – Instruction format and addressing modes – Interrupt structure – Timer –
I/O ports – Serial communication- Data Transfer, Manipulation, Control & I/O instructions – Simple
programming
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Ramesh S. Gaonkar, ―Microprocessor – Architecture, Programming and Applications with the

8085‖, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall.,2002.
2. A K Ray and K M Burchandi ―Advanced Microprocessor and Peripherals‖ Tata McGraw Hill –
2006
3. Muhammad Ali Mazidi& Janice GilliMazidi, ‗The 8051 Micro Controller and Embedded
th
Systems‘, Pearson Education, 5 Indian reprint, 2003.
79
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. William Kleitz, ‗Microprocessor and Micro Controller Fundamental of 8085 and 8051
Hardware and Software‘, Pearson Education, 1998.
2. Programming and Customizing the 8051 Microcontroller
DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LAB

L TP C
0 0 3 1
ECB331 DIGITAL SIGNAL 1 CREDITS

PROCESSING LAB
Prerequisite ECB204
Goal To Provide hands on training with Mat Lab simulator and DSP
processor about various Signal Processing Techniques
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the At the end of the course the student should be able to
students to : understand and test:
1. Know MatLab simulation 1. Mat Lab simulation software to perform various

software to perform Signal Signal Processing exercises,
Processing exercises,
2. The DSP processor addressing modes and functional
2. Know the DSP processor blocks and to use it for signal processing applications,
TMS320c54x blocks in
detail,
3. The code composer studio software and be able to
convert the high level Language (c) to Machine
3. Study Code Composer Language (Assembly) to perform Signal Processing
Studio software. experiments.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
USING TMS320C5XX HARDWARE FAMILY

1. Study of various addressing modes of Digital Signal Processors using simple programming
examples.
2. Sampling of input signal and display.
3. Calculation of Linear and circular convolution between two sequences
4. Calculation of FFT.
USING MATLAB SIMULATOR

1. Generation of Signals.
2. Linear and circular convolution of two sequences.
3. Sampling and effect of aliasing.
4. Design of FIR filters.
5. Design of IIR filters.
6. Calculation of FFT of a signal.
TOTAL = 45
80
DIGITAL COMMUNICATION LAB
LTPC
0 0 3 1
ECB332 DIGITAL 1 CREDITS

COMMUNICATION
LAB
Prerequisite ECB201, 205, 207
Goal To carry out experiments on various digital
communications modulation schemes using kits.
MATLAB software is used to simulate the digital
modulation techniquies.
Objectives Outcome
1.Understand different forms of pulse 1. Verify the pulse modulation and demodulation
modulation and demodulation schemes and schemes and implement using hardware kits,
implement using hardware kits, 2. Verify the digital modulation and demodulation
2. Understand different pass band digital schemes and implement using hardware kits,
modulation and demodulation schemes and 3. Understand the MATLAB and simulate the
implement using hardware kits, digital modulation and demodulation schemes.
3. Understand MATLAB and write the
program and simulate the digital modulation
and demodulation schemes.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
HARDWARE IMPLEMENTATION of
1. Pulse Amplitude Modulation and demodulation

2. Pulse Position Modulation and demodulation and Pulse Width Modulation and demodulation
3. Pulse Code Modulation and Delta Modulation
4. Frequency Shift Keying and Amplitude Shift Keying
5. Phase Shift Keying and DPSK
SIMULATION OF DIGITAL MODULATION TECHNIQUES USING MATLAB
1. Delta Modulation and demodulation

2. Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)
3. Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)
4. Phase Shift Keying (PSK)
5. Quadrature Phase Shift Keying ( QPSK)
6. Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK)
TOTAL =45
81
MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLER LAB
LTPC
0 0 3 1
ECB333 MICROPROCESSORS AND 1 CREDITS

MICROCONTROLLER LAB
Prerequisite ECB201
Goal To learn the architecture programming and interfacing
of Microprocessors and Microcontrollers.
Objectives Outcome
1. Study 8085 – 8 bit arithmetic, 1. Write the program for arithmetic operations,
2. Study 8086 – 16 bit arithmetic, 2. Write the program for arithmetic operations,
3. Study 8086 – serial, parallel, 3. Write program for serial and parallel
4. Study Interfacing and programming communications and also the timer program,
– ADC and DAC, 8279, 8251 and 4. Write program for peripheral devices,
8253, 5. Write program for arithmetic, logical and
5. Study 8051- arithmetic and logical. interfacing stepper motor.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Addition and Subtraction of two 8bit numbers using 8085.

2. Multiplication and Division of two 8bit numbers using 8085.
3. Addition and Subtraction of two 16 bit numbers using 8086.
4. Multiplication and Division of two 16 bit numbers using 8086.
5. Programs for String manipulation operations using 8086.
6. Interfacing ADC
7. Interfacing DAC.
8. Parallel Communication between two MP Kits using Mode 1 of 8255.
9. Interfacing and Programming 8279, 8259.
10. Interfacing and Programming 8253.
11. Programming using Arithmetic, Logical and Bit Manipulation instructions of
8051microcontroller (atleast 2 programs)

12.Interfacing and Programming of Stepper Motor Speed control.
13.Interfacing and Programming of DC Motor Speed control.
Note: Experiment number 1-10 to be conducted using simulation kit.

11, 12, 13 to be conducted using keil software
TOTAL = 45
82
PROJECT WORK
L T P C
0 0 6 2
ECB334 PROJECT WORK 2 CREDITS

Prerequisite Nil
Goal To provide practical knowledge on the various components design and

manufacturing aspects of a commercially available Electronics & Communication
utility.
Objectives Outcome
able to:
1. Actual design aspects by providing 1. Identify various components, materials
hands on skills. used, manufacturing process involved
and assembly and dismantling of that
commercial object.
EXERCISES:
 To Dismantle and identify the various components, material used, manufacturing process
involved and to assemble the following components & Processing Techniques.
(Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor, Integrated Circuits, Electrical Machines)
83
SSA331 PLACEMENT PREPARATORY PROGRAM
L T PC
101 1
PURPOSE:
The Purpose of the course is to build confidence and inculcate various soft skills and to help
INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the course the students will be able to
1. Acquire the important soft skills for employment
2. Take part in group discussions and job interviews confidently
3. Gain self confidence to face the placement process.
METHODOLOGY:
The entire program is designed in such a way that every student will participate in the class
room activities. The activities are planned to bring out the skills and talents of the students
which they will be employing during various occasions in their real life.
1. Group activities & Individual activities

3. Interactive Sessions
4. Ensure Participation
5. Empirical Learning
 Resume writing
 SWOT Analysis
 Interview techniques
 Presentation skills
 Body Language for Interview
 Rules of Group Discussion
 FAQs
EVALUATION:
Complete Internal Evaluation on a regular Basis.
84
SEMESTER VI
TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES

LTPC
3104
ECB304 TRANSMISSION LINES AND 4 CREDITS

WAVEGUIDES
Prerequisite ECB203
Goal To lay a strong foundation on the theory of transmission
lines and wave guides by highlighting their applications.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to: At the end of the course, the student should be able to:
1. Study transmission lines using 1. Apply transmission line theory to solve problems,
circuit theory, for analysis of line, understand the signal propagation through
define reflection factor, return loss transmission lines, solve problems involving
and lossless line, Representation Reflection coefficient to know the line behavior,
of lines in different form, and model the line in a convenient form using
2. Familiarize students with the circuit theory,
Standing waves and standing 2. Solve problems using SWR ,return loss
wave ratio, Study impedance equations, achieve impedance matching in a line,
matching techniques, Smith Solve problems using Smith Chart, apply Smith
Chart, and Stub matching, Chart for Stub design,
3. Develop field equations for wave 3. Know how the electromagnetic waves are
propagation through various propagating through waveguides , solve problems
metallic structures, and define of practical importance using developed theory of
various modes of wave wave propagation,
propagation, wave impedance 4. Develop a strong theoretical understanding of
and its importance, wave propagation in rectangular wave guide,
4. Learn rectangular cross sectioned solve problems of rectangular guided structures,
metallic guided structures, and solve problems related to small equations
different modes of wave derived to understand the wave phenomena,
propagation, attenuation and 5. Know how the electromagnetic waves are
obtain impedance, propagating through circular waveguide, Solve
5. Solve wave equation in cylindrical problem using the modal theory of wave
coordinate system, and propagation, and understand the application of
understand the various modes of resonators in microwave communication.
wave propagation in cylindrical
waveguide.
UNIT I TRANSMISSION LINE THEORY 9

Different types of transmission lines – Definition of Characteristic impedance – The transmissionline
as a cascade of T-Sections - Definition of Propagation Constant. General Solution of the transmission
line – The two standard forms for voltage and current of aline terminated by an impedance – physical
significance of the equation and the infinite line – Thetwo standard forms for the input impedance of a
transmission line terminated by an impedance –meaning of reflection coefficient – wavelength and
velocity of propagation.Waveform distortion – distortion less transmission line – The telephone cable
– Inductanceloading of telephone cables.Input impedance of lossless lines – reflection on a line not
terminated by Zo - Transfer impedance– reflection factor and reflection loss – T and Π Section
equivalent to lines.
UNIT II THE LINES AT RADIO FREQUENCIES 9

Standing waves and standing wave ratio on a line – One eighth wave line – The quarter waveline and
impedance matching – the half wave line.The circle diagram for the dissipation less line – The Smith
Chart – Application of the Smith Chart– Conversion from impedance to reflection coefficient and vice-
85
versa. Impedance to Admittanceconversion and vice versa – Input impedance of a lossless line
terminated by an impedance –single stub matching and double stub matching.
UNIT III GUIDED WAVES 9
Waves between parallel planes of perfect conductors – Transverse electric and transversemagnetic
waves – characteristics of TE and TM Waves – Transverse Electromagnetic waves –Velocities of
propagation – component uniform plane waves between parallel planes – Attenuationof TE and TM
waves in parallel plane guides – Wave impedances.
UNIT IV RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDES 9

Transverse Magnetic Waves in Rectangular Wave guides – Transverse Electric Waves in
Rectangular Waveguides – characteristic of TE and TM Waves – Cutoff wavelength and
phasevelocity – Impossibility of TEM waves in waveguides – Dominant mode in rectangular
waveguide –Attenuation of TE and TM modes in rectangular waveguides – Wave impedances –
characteristicimpedance – Excitation of modes.
UNIT V CIRCULAR WAVE GUIDES AND RESONATORS 9

Bessel functions – Solution of field equations in cylindrical co-ordinates – TM and TE wavesin circular
guides – wave impedances and characteristic impedance – Dominant mode in circularwaveguide –
excitation of modes – Microwave cavities, Rectangular cavity resonators, circularcavity resonator,
semicircular cavity resonator, Q factor of a cavity resonator for TE101 mode.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. J.D.Ryder ―Networks, Lines and Fields‖, PHI, New Delhi, 2003. (Unit I & II)
2. E.C. Jordan & K.G. Balmain ―Electromagnetic Waves and Radiating Systems.‖ Prentice Hallof
India 2nd edition 2003. (Unit IV, V). McGraw-Hill, 9th reprint
REFERENCES
1. NarayanaRao.N : ―Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics‖ 6th edition, Prentice Hall
of India, New Delhi, 2012.
nd
2. David. K. Cheng, ―Fields and Wave electromagnetics, 2 edition, Pearson Education,
2004
ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION
LTPC
3 1 0 4
ANTENNAS AND WAVE
ECB305 4 CREDITS
PROPAGATION
Prerequisite ECB203, ECB304
Goal To enable the student to study the various types of
antennas and wave propagation.
Objectives Outcome
to: 1. Understand the antenna fundamentals and the
1. Study antenna basics and radiation of the thin linear wire antennas,
radiation from a current 2. Understand the array of point sources and
element, uniform linear arrays and also know about the
loop antennas,
2. Study antenna arrays and loop
antennas, 3. Understand the radiation mechanism of
travelling wave and wideband antennas,
3. Study the travelling wave
antennas, 4. Understand the radiation of rectangular
aperture, slot, parabolic reflector and lens
4. Learn aperture and lens antennas,
antennas,
5. Know the basic propagation and its types.
5. Study radio wave propagation.
86
UNIT I ANTENNA FUNDAMENTALS AND RADIATION FIELDS OF WIRE ANTENNAS 9
Radiation intensity.Directive gain.Directivity.Power gain. Beam Width. Band Width.Gain and radiation
resistance of current element.Half-wave dipole and folded dipole.Reciprocity principle.Effective length
and Effective area.Relation between gain effective length and radiation resistance.Concept of vector
potential. Modification for time varying, retarded case.
Fields associated with Hertzian dipole. Power radiated and radiation resistance of current element.
Radiation resistance of elementary dipole with linear current distribution.Radiation from half-wave
dipole and quarter-wave monopole.
UNIT II ANTENNA ARRAYS AND LOOP ANTENNAS 9

Antenna Arrays: Expression for electric field from two and three element arrays. Uniform linear
array.Method of pattern multiplication.Binomial array.Use of method of images for antennas above
ground.
Loop Antennas: Radiation from small loop and its radiation resistance. Radiation from a loop with
circumference equal to a wavelength and resultant circular polarization on axis.Helical
antenna.Normal mode and axial mode operation.
UNIT III TRAVELLING WAVE (WIDEBAND) ANTENNAS 9

Radiation mechanisms of traveling wave on a wire. Analysis and design of Rhombic antenna.
Coupled Antennas-Self and mutual impedance of antennas.Two and three element Yagi
antennas.Log periodic antenna. Reason for feeding from end with shorter dipoles and need for
transposing the lines. Effects of decreasing α.
UNIT IV APERTURE AND LENS ANTENNAS. 9

Radiation from an elemental area of a plane wave (Huygen‘s Source).Radiation from the open end of
a coaxial line.Equivalence of fields of a slot and complementary dipole.Relation between dipole and
slot impedances.Method of feeding slot antennas.Field on the axis of an E-Plane sectoral
horn.Radiation from circular aperture- Beam Width and Effective area. Reflector antennas (dish
antennas). Dielectric lens and metal plane lens antennas. Biconical antenna.
UNIT V PROPAGATION 9
The three basic types of propagation; ground wave, space wave and sky wave propagation.
Sky wave propagation: Structure of the ionosphere. Effective dielectric constant of ionized
region.Mechanism of refraction.Refractive index.Critical frequency.Skip distance.Effect of earth‘s
magnetic field.Energy loss in the ionosphere due to collisions.Maximum usable frequency.Fading and
Diversity reception.
Space wave propagation: Reflection from ground for vertically and horizontally polarized waves.
Reflection characteristics of earth.Resultant of direct and reflected ray at the receiver. Duct
propagation.
Ground wave propagation: Attenuation characteristics for ground wave propagation. Calculation of
field strength at a distance.
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60

TEXTBOOK
1.E.C.Jordan and Balmain, "Electro Magnetic Waves and Radiating Systems", PHI, 1968, Reprint
2005.
REFERENCES
1. John D.Kraus and Ronalatory Marhefka, "Antennas", Tata McGraw-Hill Book Company, 2002.
2. R.E.Collins, 'Antennas and Radio Propagation ", McGraw-Hill, 1987.
3. Ballany , "Antenna Theory " , John Wiley & Sons, second edition , 2003.
4. Prasad, K.D./ Antennas and Wave Propagation/ Khanna Publications
ECB335COMPREHENSIVE VIVA
87
COMMUNICATION SKILLS AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT
L T P C
0 0 2 1
ELA331 Communication Skills & Personality Development 1 Credits

Practical Syllabus
Goal
The goal of the programme is to provide a theoretical input towards nurturing accomplished
learners who can function effectively in the English language skills; to cultivate in them the ability
to indulge in rational thinking, independent decision-making and lifelong learning; to help them
become responsible members or leaders of the society in and around their work/living space; to
communicate successfully at the individual or group level on multi-disciplinary activities in
particular with the community, and in general with the world at large.
Objectives Outcome
1. To widen the capacity of the learners to 1. The learners will have the self-confidence to
listen to English language at the basic improve upon their informative listening skills by
level and understand its meaning. an enhanced acquisition of the English
language.
2. To enable learners to communicate in an
intelligible English accent and 2. The learners will be able to speak English at the
pronunciation. formal and informal levels and use it for daily
conversation, presentation, group discussion
and debate.
3. To assist the learners in reading and 3. The learners will be able to read, comprehend
grasping a passage in English. and answer questions based on literary,
scientific and technological texts.
4. To learn the art of writing simple English 4. The learners will be able to write instructions,
with correct spelling, grammar and recommendations, checklists, process-
punctuation. description, letter-writing and report writing.
5. The learners will have the confidence to develop
thinking skills and participate in brainstorming,
5. To cultivate the ability of the learners to mind-mapping, audiovisual activities, creative
think and indulge in divergent and lateral thinking and also answer tests in the job-
thoughts. selection processes.
UNIT I 6
Values and attitudes – Value-formation – Values & education – Terminal & Instrumental values –
Civic responsibilities – The power of Personal/ Cultural/ Social valves -- Behaviour and attitudes --
Features of attitudes – Developing positive attitude – Overcoming negative attitude -- People skills –
Soft skills as per the Work Force Profile – The four temperaments – Sanguine – Choleric –
Melancholic – Phlegmatic -- Tests for Personal Chemistry.
UNIT II 6
What is personality development? – Types of personalities as per (i) Heredity (ii) Environment (iii)
Situation – the 16 personality factors – MBTI Tests – Personality types – Increasing self awareness:
Assessing one‘s locus of control, Machiavellianism, self-esteem, self-monitoring, risk-taking, Type A,
Type B personality elements – Intellectual and physical abilities for jobs -- Personality tests.
88
UNIT III 6
Developing the art of speaking – How to get rid of stage fright? – Enhancing fluency – Modulating
voice – Enunciation – Positive and negative gestures – Preparation – How to begin? – How to
convince the listeners? – How to wind up the speech? – Adding humour and illustration – Developing
one‘s own style – Types of style – How to influence the audience? – How to become an effective
speaker? -- Tests for effective speaking.
UNIT IV 6
Team work – Team building – Team leadership -- How to face an interview? -- How to participate in a
group discussion? – How to argue for or against in a debate? – Body language – non-verbal
communication – personal appearance – facial expression – posture – gestures – eye contact –
Etiquette – Voluntary and involuntary body language –Gender implications -- Tests.
UNIT V 6
Managing self, people, work, situations – Time-management – Secrets of time-management – Time-
wasters – Stress -- Kinds of stress – Spotting stress – Stress-builders – Stress -management tips –
Stress-prone habits -- Goals – Career planning – Interpersonal interaction – Interpersonal
relationships -- Tests.
Online examination / Oral Presentations/Debates/Group Discussions
89
DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS LAB
LTPC
1 0 3 2
ECB336 DATA COMMUNICATION 2 CREDITS

AND NETWORKS LAB
Prerequisite Nil
Goal To Provide hands on training with OPNET simulator
and Networking Hardware equipments.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the At the end of the course the students should be able to
students to : understand and test:
1. Know the various 1. Various Networking Hardware equipments to

Networking Hardware evaluate their performance measurements,
equipments and their
functions,
2. Study the OPNET / 2. The OPNET / Qualnet simulator in detail to
Qualnet simulator in detail create the Network scenario to measure
to measure Network Network parameters,
parameters,
3. Study the various Routing 3. The various Routing program for the given
program and Socket Network size and Socket Processing techniques
Processing techniques. using TCP & UDP protocols.
The following experiments are conducted using the Hardware.
1. PC to PC Communication.
Parallel Communication using 8 bit parallel cable.
Serial communication using RS 232C.
2. Ethernet LAN protocol.
To create scenario and study the performance of CSMA/CD protocol ethrol
simulation .
3. Token bus and token ring protocols.
To create scenario and study the performance of token bus and token ring protocols
through simulation.
4. Wireless LAN protocols
To create scenario and study the performance of network with CSMA / CA protocol
and
Compare with CSMA/CD protocols.
5. Implementation of distance vector and Link state routing algorithm.
6. Transfer of files from PC to PC using Windows / Unix socket processing.
90
The following experiments are conducted using either QUALNET/OPNET simulators.
7. Simulate a three nodes point-to-point network with duplex links between them. Set the
queue size vary the bandwidth and find the number of packets dropped.
8. Simulate a four node point-to-point network, and connect the links as follows: n0-n2, n1-
n2 and n2-n3. Apply TCP agent between n0-n3 and UDP n1-n3. Apply relevant applications
over TCP and UDP agents changing the parameter and determine the number of packets by
TCP/UDP.
9. Simulate the different types of Internet traffic such as FTP a TELNET over a network and
analyze the throughput.
10. Simulate the transmission of ping messaged over a network topology consisting of 6
Nodes and find the number of packets dropped due to congestion.
11. Simulate an Ethernet LAN using N-nodes (6-10), change error rate and data rate and
Compare the throughput.
TOTAL = 60
91
SEMESTER VII
MICROWAVE ENGINEERING
L T P C
3 1 0 4
ECB401 MICROWAVE 3 CREDITS

ENGINEERING
Prerequisite ECB201, ECB204
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. Describe the construction, 1. Understand principle of operation of various
principle of operation of various microwave tubes as sources and amplifiers and
microwave tubes, their performance characteristics,
2. Describe microwave transistor 2. Understand limitations of Microwave BJTs and
and diodes, principles of operation of microwave solid state
3. Explain the basic working devices and their applications,
principle and representation of 3. Demonstrate familiarity with the passive
passive microwave components microwave components and their S- Parameters,
by means of S-parameters, 4. Describe types of Microstrip lines and Microwave
4. Study Microstrip lines and integrated circuits fabrication methods,
microwave integrated circuits 5. Enumerate a variety of microwave measuring
fabrication methods, devices, their applications and the methodology
5. Study various measurement used in making measurements on them.
setup procedure and techniques
for various parameters of
microwave devices and circuits.
UNIT I MICROWAVE LINEAR-BEAM TUBES (O TYPE) and MICROWAVE CROSSED

FIELDTUBES (M TYPE) 12
Microwave Frequencies, Microwave Devices, Microwave Systems, Microwave Units of
Measure, Klystrons, Reentrant Cavities, Velocity-Modulation Process, Bunching Process, Output
Power and Beam Loading, State of the Art, Multicavity Klystron Amplifiers, Beam-Current Density,
Output Current Output Power of Two-Cavity Klystron, Output Power of Four-Cavity Klystron, Reflex
Klystrons, Velocity Modulation, Power Output and Efficiency, Electronic Admittance, Helix Traveling-
Wave Tubes (TWTs), Slow-Wave structures, Amplification Process, Convection Current, Axial Electric
Field, Wave Modes, Gain Consideration, MICROWAVE CROSSED-FIELD TUBES, Magnetron
Oscillators, Cylindrical Magnetron, Coaxial Magnetron.
UNIT II MICROWAVE DIODES AND TRANSISTORS 12

Transit time limitations in transistors, Microwave bipolar transistors, power frequency limitations,
HEMT, TRANSFERRED ELECTRON DEVICES (TEDs) - Introduction, Gunn-Effect Diodes – GaAs
Diode, Background, Gunn Effect, Ridely-Watkins- Hilsum (RWH) Theory, Differential Negative
Resistance, Two-Valley Model Theory, High-Field Domain, Modes of Operation, LSA Diodes, InP
Diodes, CdTe Diodes, AVALANCHE TRANSIT-TIME DEVICES - Introduction, Read Diode, Physical
Description, Avalanche Multiplication, Carrier Current Io(t) and External Current Iet), Output Power
and Quality Factor, IMPATT Diodes, Physical Structures, Negative Resistance, Power Output and
Efficiency, TRAPATT Diodes, Physical Structures, Principles of Operation, Power Output and
Efficiency, BARITT Diodes, Physical Description, Principles of Operation, Microwave Performance.
Parametric Devices, Physical Structures, Nonlinear Reactance and Manley – Rowe Power Relations,
Parametric Amplifiers, Applications, Tunnel Diodes.
UNIT III MICROWAVE DEVICES AND S - PARAMETERS 9

Microwave Hybrid Circuits, Waveguide Tees, Magic Tees (Hybrid Trees), Hybrid Rings (Rat-Race
Circuits), Waveguide Corners, Bends and Twists, Directional Couplers, Two-Hole Directional
Couplers, Z & ABCD Parameters- Introduction to S parameters, S Matrix of a Directional Coupler,
Hybrid Couplers, Circulators and Isolators, Microwave Circulators, Microwave Isolators.
92
UNIT IV STRIP LINES and MONOLITHIC MICROWAVE INTEGRATED
CIRCUITS 6
Introduction, Microstrip Lines, Characteristic Impedance of Microstrip Lines, Losses in Microstrip
Lines, Quality Factor Q of Microstrip Lines, Parallel Strip Lines, Distributed Lines, Characteristic
Impedance, Attenuation Losses, Coplanar Strip Lines, Shielded Strip Lines, References, Problems,
MONOLITHIC MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS, Introduction, Materials, Substrate Materials,
Conductor Materials, Dielectric Materials, Resistive Materials, Monolithic Microwave Integrated-Circuit
Growth, MMIC Fabrication Techniques, Fabrication Example.
UNIT V MICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS: 6

Slotted line VSWR measurement, VSWR through return loss measurements, power measurement,
impedance measurement insertion loss and attenuation measurements, measurement of scattering
parameters – Measurement of 1 dB, dielectric constant measurement of a solid using waveguide
L = 45, T = 15, TOTAL = 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Samuel Y.LIAO : Microwave Devices and Circuits – Prentice Hall of India – 3rd Edition (2003)
2. Annapurna Das and Sisir K.Das: Microwave Engineering – Tata McGraw-Hill (2000)
REFERENCES
1. R.E. Collin : Foundations for Microwave Engineering. – IEEE Press Second Edition (2002)
2. David M.POZAR : Microwave Engineering. – John Wiley
VLSI DESIGN
L T P C
3 1 0 4
ECB402 VLSI DESIGN 4 CREDITS
Prerequisite ECB201
Goal To introduce the technology, design concepts and testing of
Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits and to learn the concepts
of modeling a digital system using Hardware Description
Language.
Outcome
Objectives
The course should enable the students On completion of this course the student should be able to:
learn about:
1. Get an overview of Silicon semiconductor technology
1. CMOS Technology, and CMOS technology,
2. MOS Transistor Theory, 2. Understand MOS AC characteristics, complementary
3. Specification using Verilog CMOS inverter DC characteristics,
HDL, 3. Understand VLSI Design flow, Verilog Hardware
4. CMOS Chip Design, Description Language,
5. CMOS Testing. 4. Know logic design with CMOS, ASIC design flow,
5. Know about need for testing, Chip level and system
level test techniques.
UNIT I CMOS TECHNOLOGY 12

An overview of Silicon semiconductor technology, Basic CMOS technology: n well, P well, Twin tub
and SOI Process. Interconnects, circuit elements: Resistors, capacitors, Electrically alterable ROMs,
bipolar transistors, Latch up and prevention.
Layout design rules, physical design: basic concepts, CAD tool sets, physical design of logic gates:
Inverter, NAND, NOR, Design Hierarchies.
93
UNIT II MOS TRANSISTOR THEORY 12
NMOS, PMOS Enhancement transistor, Threshold voltage, Body effect, MOS DC equations, channel
length modulation, Mobility variation, MOS models, small signal AC characteristics, complementary
CMOS inverter DC characteristics, Noise Margin, Rise time, fall time, power dissipation, transmission
gate, tristate inverter.
UNIT III SPECIFICATION USING VERILOG HDL 12

Basic Concepts: VLSI Design flow, identifiers, gate primitives, value set, ports, gate delays,
structural gate level and switch level modeling, Design hierarchies, Behavioral and RTL
modeling: Operators, timing controls, Procedural assignments conditional statements, Data flow
modeling and RTL.
Structural gate level description of decoder, equality detector, comparator, priority encoder, D-latch,
D-ff, half adder, Full adder, Ripple Carry adder.
UNIT IV CMOS CHIP DESIGN 12

Logic design with CMOS: MOSFETS as switches, Basic logic gates in CMOS, Complex logic gates,
Transmission gates: Muxes and latches, CMOS chip design options: Full custom ASICs, Std. Cell
based ASICs, Gate Array based ASICs Channeled, Channel less and structured GA, Programmable
logic structures; 22V10, Programming of PALs, Programmable Interconnect, Reprogrammable GA:
Xilinx programmable GA, ASIC design flow.
UNIT V CMOS TESTING 12

Need for testing, manufacturing test principles, Design strategies for test, Chip level and system level
test techniques.
TOTAL: 60
TEXT BOOKS
1. Neil Weste , David Harris : CMOS VLSI Design: A Circuits and Systems Perspective (4th
Edition), 2010.
2. Samir Palnitkar; Verilog HDL - Guide to Digital design and synthesis, III edition, Pearson
Education, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI Design, Pearson Education 2003.
2. J . Bhaskar : Verilog HDL Primer, BSP, 2002.
3. C. Roth, Digital Systems Design Using VHDL, Thomson Learning, 2000.
94
MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL COMMUNICATION LAB L TPC
0 0 3 1
ECB431 Microwave and Optical 1 CREDITS

Communication lab
Prerequisite ECB201, 203
Goal To familiarize the students with the fundamentals of
Microwave systems, measurement techniques and
optical devices
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the student At the end of the course the student should be able to:
to :
1. Study of Reflex Klystron repeller 1. Explain the mode characteristics of reflex
mode characteristics, Klystron,
2. Measure low and high VSWR of a 2. Have a clear understanding of standing waves
Primary transmission line, in a line due to impedance mismatch and
3. Study GUNN Diode reflection,
characteristics, 3. Understand the operation of GUNN diode as a
4. Determine the frequency of line low frequency oscillator,
and impedance of an unknown 4. Obtain the unknown load impedance using
load, Smith Chart,
5. Study Radiation pattern plotting of 5. Understand the power distribution of Dipole
Dipole antenna, Antenna,
6. Study Radiation pattern plotting of 6. Understand the power distribution of Horn
Horn antenna, Antenna,
7. Study Radiation pattern plotting of 7. Understand the power distribution of Yagi uda
Yagi uda antenna, Antenna,
8. Perform Power coupling using 8. Understand the principle of coupler and
directional coupler, determine its directivity, insertion and isolation
9. Study the characteristics of losses ,
MagicTee, 9. Understand the characteristics of magic Tee,
10. Study the radiation pattern of 10. Understand the power distribution of a Micro
Microstrip patch antennas, strip patch antenna,
11. Study Numerical Aperture and 11. Have a clear Understanding of NA and
attenuation losses of optical fiber, attenuation losses of fibers,
12. Study the characteristics of LED
and Photodiode using optical 12. Understand and observe the performance of
transceiver kit, LED and Photodiode ,
13. Simulate Dense Wavelength
Division Multiplexing (DWDM) 13. Design and analyse DWDM system using Opt
modeling using OptSIM, SIM,
14. Simulate ISI measurement and
performance analysis of WDM 14. Have a clear understanding of ISI and its
using OptSIM, effects,
15. Simulate and study of EDFA- 15. Design and analyze EDFA.
optical amplifier using OptSIM.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS:
1. Study of Reflex Klystron Repeller mode characteristics

2. Measurement of low and high VSWR
3. Study of GUNN Diode characteristics
4. Determination of frequency of line and impedance of an unknown load
5. Study of Radiation pattern of Dipole antenna
95
6. Study of Radiation pattern of Horn antenna
7. Study of Radiation pattern of 3 and 5 element yagi uda antenna
8. Power coupling using directional coupler
9. Study of characteristics of MagicTee
10. Study of radiation pattern of Microstrip patch antenna
11. Study of Numerical Aperture and attenuation losses of optical fiber
12. Study of characteristics of LED and Photodiode using optical transceiver kit
13. Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) modeling using OptSIM
14. ISI measurement and performance analysis of WDM using OptSIM
15. Study of EDFA- optical amplifier using OptSIM
TOTAL:45
VLSI DESIGN LAB

L TP C
0 0 3 1
ECB432 VLSI DESIGN LAB 1 CREDITS
Prerequisite ECB201
Goal To provide exposure to the students on frontend and backend tools
in VLSI and to design and implement various circuits on FPGA
board.
Objective Outcome
The course will enable the At the end of the course the student should be able to
students to acquire practical
knowledge on
1. Verilog HDL Design and implement various digital circuits using Xilinx
Simulator.
2. Frontend and Design, simulate and perform layout generation of various CMOS
Backend tools in logic circuits usingCadence/MAGMA/Tanner.
VLSI
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
I. FPGA BASED EXPERIMENTS
1. HDL based design entry and simulation of combinational circuits, simple counters,
adders (8-bit), multiplier (4bit).
2. Synthesis, Place and Route and P&R simulation of components simulated in above
experiment.
3. Schematic entry of combinational & sequential circuits using Xilinx.
4. Design and implementation of simple combinational and sequential circuits on FPGA
board.
II. IC DESIGN EXPERIMENTS (based on Cadence/MAGMA/Tanner)
1. Design and simulation of simple CMOS logic circuits.

2. Layout generation, parasitic extraction and re-simulation of the circuit designed in the
above experiment.
TOTAL:45
96
SEMESTER VIII
PROJECT & VIVA VOCE

L T P C
0 0 24 6
ECB441 PROJECT & VIVA VOCE 6 CREDITS

Prerequisite
Goal To develop the student‘s skills and enable innovation in design and fabrication work
from the theoretical and practical skill acquired from the previous semesters.
Objectives Outcome
able to:
1. Select and work on real life application in 1. Appreciate various aspects of the
the field of Electronics & Communication, curriculum which support students in
2. Implement their skills acquired in the increasing their mastery,
previous semesters to practical problems, 2. Get an idea and develop confidence in
3. Apply and enhance the knowledge designing, analyzing and executing the
acquired in the related field, project,
4. Make the students come up with new 3. Develop knowledge of latest trends in
ideas in his area of interest. fabrication relate their ideas to industrial
applications,
4. Have complete understanding of making
a product.
NOTE:
The objective of the project work is to enable the students in convenient groups of not more
than4membersonaprojectinvolvingtheoreticalandexperimentalstudiesrelatedtothebranchof
study.Everyprojectworkshallhaveaguidewhoisthememberofthefacultyoftheinstitution.Twenty Four
perweekshallbeallottedinthetimetableandthistimeshallbeutilizedbythestudentsto
receivethedirectionsfromtheguide,onlibraryreading,laboratorywork,computeranalysisorfield
workasassignedbytheguideandalsotopresentinperiodicalseminarsontheprogressmadein the project.
Each student will be assigned any one of the following types of project/thesis work:
(a) Industrial case study
(b) Preparation of a feasibility report
(c) Thesis by experimental research, and
(d) Design and development of equipment.
Each report must contain student's own analysis or design presented in the approved format.
Sessional marks will include
(a) Evaluation of the student's progress,
(b) Degree of involvement and participation,
(c) Merit of the project.
A student will have to defend his project/thesis and credit will be given on the merits of presentation
and viva-voce examination.
97
Professional Elective Course
SEMESTER V
MAC351 NUMERICAL METHODS
LTPC
3003
OBJECTIVES
With the present development of the computer technology, it is necessary to develop efficient
algorithms for solving problems in science, engineering and technology. This course gives a complete
procedure for solving numerically different kinds of problems in engineering. At the end of the course,
the students would be acquainted with the basic concepts in numerical methods and their uses.
1. SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGEN VALUE PROBLEMS 9

Linear interpolation methods (method of false position) – Newton‘s method – Statement of Fixed Point
Theorem – Fixed pointer iteration x=g(x) method – Solution of linear system of Gaussian elimination
and Gauss-Jordan methods – Iterative methods: Gauss Jacobi and Gauss – Seidel methods- Inverse
of a matrix by Gauss-Jordan method. Eigen value of a matrix by power methods.
2. INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION 9
Lagrangian Polynomials – Divided difference – Interpolation with a cubic spline – Newton forward and
backward difference formulae.
3. NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION 9
Derivatives from difference table – Divided difference and finite difference – Numerical integration by
Trapezoidal and Simpson‘s 1/3and 3/1rules – Romberg‘s method – Two and three point Gaussian
quadrature formulas – Double integrals using trapezoidal and Simpson‘s rules.
4. INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9
Single step Methods : Taylor Series and methods - Euler and Modified Euler methods - Fourth order
Runge-Kutta method for solving first and second order equations - Multistep methods – Milne‘s and
Adam‘s predictor and corrector methods.
5. BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS 9
Finite difference solution for the second order ordinary differential equations.Finite difference solution
for one dimensional heat equation by implict and explict methods – one dimensional wave equation
and two dimensional Laplace and Poisson equations.
TOTAL: 45
98
ADVANCED MICROPROCESSORS
LTPC
3 0 0 3
ECC351 ADVANCED 3CREDITS

MICROPROCESSORS
Prerequisite ECB206
Goal The purpose of this course is to give an in-depth
knowledge on Advanced Microprocessors
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students At the end of the course the student should be
to : able to:
1. Learn about to 8086, 80286, 80386, 80486 1. Understand the different types of
Microprocessor, processors,
2. Learn programming of 8086, 2. Write an ALP using 8086,
3. Study digital interfacing, 3. Interface I/O devices & other devices with
4. Learn multiprocessor Configuration and micro- 8086,
programmable microprocessors, 4. Understand processor configuration,
5. Study about ARM processor and its Pentium & Bit slice processor,
programming. 5. Understand Arm7 implementation & to write
an ALP.
UNIT I 16/ 32 BIT MICROPROCESSOR 9

Organization of 8086, 80286,80386,80486 microprocessors - Minimum maximum mode of 8086 -
Pipeline Architecture - Registers - Addressing modes of 8086 - Memory Segmentation -Bus structure
and timing - exception handling.
UNIT II ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING 9

Instruction set of 8086 - Data transfer instruction - Arithmetic instruction - Branch instructions - Loop
instructions - NOP and HALT instructions - Flag manipulation instructions - Logical instructions - Shift
and rotate instructions - Assembly language programming of 8086 microprocessor - linking and
relocation - stacks procedure - Interrupts and interrupt routines - Macros - Byte and string
manipulations.
UNIT III DIGITAL INTERFACING 9

Programming Parallel ports - Handshake input/output - interfacing a microprocessor to a keyboard,
interfacing to alphanumeric displays, interfacing a microcomputer to high power devices, Optical
motor shaft encoders – interfacing of Sensors and Transducers - D/A converter interfacing with 8086 -
A/D converter - types & interfacing, A 8086 based process control system.
UNIT IV MULTIPROCESSOR CONFIGURATIONS, ADVANCED MICROPROCESSOR

ARCHITECTURE, INTRODUCTION TO THE MICROPROGRAMMABLE MICROPROCESSORS 9
Queue status and lock facilities - 8086 / 8088 based multiprocessing system, 8087 numeric data
processor, 8089 I/O processor. Introduction to Motorola 68HC11 processor, Pentium4 Microprocessor
- Architecture, Instruction set and addressing modes, Organization of bit-slice processor, bit-slice
processor architecture for micro-programmed machines.
UNIT V HIGH PERFORMANCE RISC ARCHITECTURE 9

ARM: The ARM7 architecture – ARM7 organization and implementation - The ARM7 instruction set -
The thumb instruction set - Basic ARM7 Assembly language program - ARM CPU cores.
TOTAL: 45
TEXT BOOKS
1.Barry B.Brey,, "The Intel Microprocessors Architecture, Programming and Interfacing", PHI, 2002
(UNIT I,II,III)
2.Hall.D.V, "Microprocessor and Interfacing : Programming and hardware", McGraw Hill Book
Company, New York, (1988) (UNIT III)
99
3.Liu.Y and Gibson. G. A., "Microcomputer systems : The 8086/ 8088 family : Architecture,
Programming and design", Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd, M.D. (1979) (UNIT IV) .
4.John Mick and Jim Brick, ―Bit-slice Microprocessor Design”,published 1980 by McGraw-
Hill in New York (UNIT IV).
5.Steave Furber, "ARM system- on – chip architecture",AddisonWesley,2000.
(UNIT V)
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Daniel Tabak, "Advanced Microprocessors", McGraw Hill. Inc., 1995
2. James L. Antonakos, "The Pentium Microprocessor", Pearson Education, 1997
3. James L Antonakos, "An Introduction to the Intel family of Microprocessors",
Pearson Education, 1999
NANOELECTRONICS AND DEVICES

LTPC
3 00 3
NANOELECTRONICS AND
ECC352 3 CREDIT
DEVICES
Prerequisite
Goal To introduce the student to various Nanoelectronic
Devices and Technology.
Objectives Outcome
1. Study the types of Nanotechnology 1. Understand the molecular Nanotechnology
and nanomachines, and Nanomaterials,
2. Study the fundamentals of logic 2. Understand the dynamic properties, physical
devices and classifications, limits and classifications,
3. Study Silicon MOSFET devices and 3. Enumerate the concepts of Silicon MOSFET
Quantum transport tunneling devices and Quantum transport devices,
devices, 4. Explain the types, formation and synthesis of
4. Study Quantum carbon tubes and carbon nano tubes,
its applications for memory devices, 5. Understand fabrication, simulation and testing
5. Study the function of molecular of molecular electronic devices and MEMS.
electronic devices and MEMs.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY 9

Background to nanotechnology: Types of nanotechnology and nanomachines – periodic table –
atomic structure – molecules and phases – energy – molecular and atomic size – surface and
dimensional space – top down and bottom up; Molecular Nanotechnology: Electron microscope –
scanning electron microscope – atomic force microscope – scanning tunnelling microscope –
nanomanipulator – nanotweezers – atom manipulation – nanodots – self assembly – dip pen
nanolithography. Nanomaterials: preparation – plasma arcing – chemical vapor deposition – sol-gels
– electrodeposition – ball milling – applications of nanomaterials
UNIT II FUNDAMENTALS OF NANOELECTRONICS 9

Fundamentals of logic devices:- Requirements – dynamic properties – threshold gates;physical limits
to computations; concepts of logic devices:- classifications – two terminaldevices – field effect devices
– coulomb blockade devices – spintronics – quantumcellular automata – quantum computing – DNA
computer; performance of informationprocessing systems;- basic binary operations, measure of
performance processing capability of biological neurons – performance estimation for the human
brain. Ultimate computation:- power dissipation limit – dissipation in reversible computation – the
ultimate computer.
100
UNIT III SILICON MOSFETs & QUANTUM TRANSPORT DEVICES 9
Silicon MOSFETS - Novel materials and alternate concepts:- fundamentals of MOSFET Devices-
scaling rules – silicon-dioxide based gate dielectrics – metal gates – junctions & contacts – advanced
MOSFET concepts.
Quantum transport devices based on resonant tunneling:- Electron tunneling – resonant tunneling
diodes – resonant tunneling devices; Single electron devices for logic applications:- Single electron
devices – applications of single electron devices to logic circuits.
UNIT IV CARBON NANOTUBES 9

Carbon Nanotube: Fullerenes - types of nanotubes – formation of nanotubes –assemblies –
purification of carbon nanotubes – electronic propertics – synthesis of carbon nanotubes – carbon
nanotube interconnects – carbon nanotube FETs –Nanotube for memory applications – prospects of
an all carbon nanotube nanoelectronics.
UNIT V MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS 9

Electrodes & contacts – functions – molecular electronic devices – first test systems –simulation and
circuit design – fabrication; Future applications: MEMS – robots – randomaccess memory – mass
storage devices.
TOTAL= 45
TEXTBOOKS
1. Rainer Waser (Ed.), Nanoelectronics and Information Technology: Advanced
Electronic Materials and Novel Devices, Wiley-VCH, 2003
2. Michael Wilson, Kamali Kannangara, Geoff Smith, Michelle Simmons and Burkhard Raguse,
Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies, Chapman & Hall / CRC, 2002
3. T. Pradeep, NANO: The Essentials – Understanding Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology, TMH, 2007
EMBEDDED AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS

LTPC
3 00 3
ECC353 EMBEDDED 3 CREDITS

AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS
Prerequisite Nil
Goal To provide basic knowledge about the embedded
automotive systems and their real time development.
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. Understand the trends in 1. Know about the trends in automobiles,
automobiles, security and electromagnetic principles , security and
warning systems. warning systems.
2. Understand the Electronic 2. Know about the Electronic management of
management of chassis systems chassis systems and operation of different
and different sensors. sensors.
3. Understand the Electronic ignition 3. Know about the Electronic ignition systems
systems. principles, types and operation.
4. Understand the recent advances 4. Know about the recent advances in
in embedded automotive embedded automotive systems and
systems. multiprocessor communication.
5. Understand the real time design 5. Know about the real time development of
methodology of embedded embedded automotive systems.
automotive systems.
101
UNIT-I: INTRODUCTION TO AUTOMOBILES 9
Current trends in Automobiles, open loop and closed loop systems - components for electronic engine
management system.Electro magnetic interference suppression. Electromagnetic Compatibility,
Electronic dashboard instruments, onboard diagnostic system, security and warming system.
UNIT-II: ELECTRO CHASSIS SYSTEMS 9

Electronic management of chassis systems; Vehicle motion control, Sensors and actuators and their
interfacing. Basic sensor arrangement, types of sensors such as- oxygen sensors, crank angle
position sensors- Fuel metering/ vehicle speed sensors and destination sensors, Attitude sensor,
Flow sensor, exhaust temperature, air mass flow sensors, throttle position sensor, solenoids, stepper
motors and relays.
UNIT-III: ELECTRONIC IGNITION SYSTEMS 9

Electronic ignition systems; Types of solid state ignition systems and their principle of operation;
Digital engine control system, Open loop and closed loop control system, Engine Cranking and warm
up control, Acceleration enrichment, Deceleration learning and ideal speed Control, Distributor less
ignition – Integrated engine control system, Exhaust emission control Engineering.
UNIT-IV: EMBEDDED AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS 9

Automotive Embedded systems. PIC, free scale microcontroller based system. Recent advances like
GLS, GPSS and GMS; Multiprocessor communication using CAN bus.
UNIT-V: REAL TIME STUDY OF AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS 9

Case study- cruise control of car, Artificial Intelligence and engine management.
L = 45, TOTAL=45
Text books:
th
1. William B. Riddens, ―Understanding Automotive Electronics‖, 5 Edition, Butterworth
Hennimann Woburn, 1998.
2. Young A.P. & Griffiths, ―Automotive Electrical Equipment‖ , ELBS & New Press- 1999.
3. Tom Weather Jr. & Cland c. Ilunter, ―Automotive computers and control system‖
Prentice Hall Inc., New Jersey.
4. Crouse W.H., ―Automobile Electrical Equipment‖ , Mc Graw Hill Co. Inc., New York, 1995.
REFERENCES:
1. Bechhold, ―Understanding Automotive Electronic‖, SAE, 1998.
th
2. Robert Bosch,‖ Automotive Hand Book‖, SAE (5 Edition), 2000.
102
ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION
LTPC
3 003
ECC354 ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS 3 CREDITS

AND INSTRUMENTATION
Prerequisite Nil
To introduce the concept of measurement and the
Goal related instrumentation requirement as a vital ingredient
of electronics and communication engineering.
Objectives Outcome
1. Acquire the knowledge on basic 1. Understand Measurement systems, Bridge
measurement concepts, measurements,
2. Acquire the knowledge on basic 2. Know the principles of cathode ray oscilloscopes
electronic measurements, and other measuring instruments,
3. Acquire the knowledge on signal 3. Understand Function generators, Spectrum
generators and analyzers, analyzer and Wave analyzer,
4. Acquire the knowledge on digital 4. Compare analog and digital techniques, and
instruments, measurement errors,
5. Acquire the knowledge on data 5. Understand elements of a digital data acquisition
Acquisition Systems and Fiber system, Fiber optic measurements.
Optic Measurements
UNIT I BASIC MEASUREMENT CONCEPTS 9

Measurement systems – Static and dynamic characteristics – units and standards of measurements –
error analysis – moving coil, moving iron meters – multimeters – True RMS meters – Bridge
measurements – Maxwell, Hay, Schering, Anderson and Wien bridge.
UNIT II BASIC ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS 9

Force on charge in electric field – Motion of Charge in uniform and time varying electric fields – Force
on a moving charge in a magnetic field – Cathode ray oscilloscopes – block schematic – applications
– special oscilloscopes – Q meters – Vector meters – RF voltage and power measurements.
UNIT III SIGNAL GENERATORS AND ANALYZERS 9

Function generators – RF signal generators – Sweep generators – Frequency synthesizer – wave
analyzer – Harmonic distortion analyzer – spectrum analyzer.
UNIT IV DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS 9

Comparison of analog and digital techniques – digital voltmeter – multimeters – frequency counters –
measurement of frequency and time interval – extension of frequency range – measurement errors.
UNIT V DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS AND FIBER OPTIC MEASUREMENTS 9

Elements of a digital data acquisition system – interfacing of transducers – multiplexing – computer
controlled instrumentation – IEEE 488 bus – fiber optic measurements for power and system loss –
optical time domains reflectometer.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. Albert D.Helfrick and William D.Cooper – Modern Electronic Instrumentation and
Measurement Techniques, Prentice Hall of India, 2003.
2. S.Salivahanan, N.Sureshkumar and A.Vallavaraj, Electronic Devices and Circuits, TMH,
1998.
REFERENCES
1. Alan. S. Morris, Principles of Measurements and Instrumentation, Prentice Hall of India,
nd
2 edn., 2003.
2. Ernest O. Doebelin, Measurement Systems- Application and Design-Tata McGraw-Hill-2004.
103
ECC355-BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
LTPC
3003
AIM
To provide the students a basic understanding of the structure and function of the human body.
OBJECTIVES
After completing the course the students will be able to:
1. Relate basic human body functions and life processes
2. Name the major human body systems and relate their functions and
3. Name the major components of each system and describe briefly their anatomical locations,
structures and
their physiological functions.
UNIT I CELL 9
Structure of Cell – Organelles and description – Function of each component of the cell – Membrane
potential –Action Potential – Generation and Conduction – Electrical Stimulation. Blood Cell –
Composition – Origin of RBC – Blood Groups – Estimation of RBC, WBC and Platelet.
UNIT II CARDIAC AND NERVOUS SYSTEM 9

Heart, Major blood vessels – Cardiac Cycle – ECG – Blood Pressure – Feedback Control for Blood
Pressure –Nervous Control of Heart - Cardiac output – Coronary and Peripheral Circulation –
Structure and function of Nervous tissue – Neuron - Synapse - Reflexes -Receptors -Brain -Brainstem
-Spinal cord – Reflex action – Velocity of Conduction of Nerve Impulses - Electro Encephalograph –
Autonomic Nervous System.
UNIT III RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND MUSCULO SKELETAL SYSTEM 9

Physiological aspects of respiration – Trachea and lungs - Exchange of gases – Regulation of
Respiration - Disturbance of respiration function - Pulmonary function test - Muscles - tissue - types -
structure of skeletal muscle - types of muscle and joints.
UNIT IV DIGESTIVE AND EXCRETORY SYSTEM 9

Organisation of GI System, Digestion and absorption – Movements of GI tract – Intestine - Liver -
Pancreas - Structure of Nephron – Mechanism of Urine formation – Urine Reflex – Skin and Sweat
Gland – Temperature regulation.
UNIT V EYE, EAR, ENDOCRINE GLANDS 9

Optics of Eye – Retina – Photochemistry of Vision – Accommodation - Neurophysiology of vision –
EOG.Physiology of internal ear – Mechanism of Hearing – Auditory Pathway, Hearing Tests -
Endocrine glands.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Sarada Subramanyam, K.Madhavan Kutty and H.D.Singh – Text Book of ‗Human Physiology‘ -
S.Chand & Company, 1996.
2. Ranganathan, T.S. Text Book of Human Anatomy , S.Chand &Co. Ltd., Delhi, 1996
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Tobin,C.E., Basic Human Anatomy , McGraw-Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., Delhi, 1997
2. J.Gibson, Modern Physiology and Anatomy for Nurses , Blackwell SC Publishing 1981.
3. Arthur.C.Guyton, John E Hall – ,Textbook of Medical Physiology, – W.B. Saunders Company,
2000.
104
BIO-MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
LTPC
3003
ECC356 BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 3 CREDITS

Prerequisite Nil
Goal To make students understand the applications of electronics in
diagnostic and therapeutic area.
Objectives Outcome
students to:
1. Learn Electro-physiology 1. Know the origin of Bio-potentials, recording methods of

and Bio-Potential recording, various bio signals,
2. Understand bio-chemical 2. Know about measurement and analysis of various bio

and non electrical signals,
parameter measurement,
3. Learn about assist devices

3. Know about cardiac pacemakers, DC Defibrillator, Bio-
telemetry,
and bio-telemetry,
4. Study radiological 4. Know about Diagnostic x-ray equipments, Radiation

equipments, Therapy,
5. Studyrecent trends in 5. Know about Endoscopy unit, Laser in medicine and

Medical Instrumentation. Electrical safety in medical equipment.
UNIT I ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGY AND BIO-POTENTIAL RECORDING 9

The origin of Bio-potentials; biopotential electrodes, biological amplifiers, ECG, EEG, EMG, PCG,
EOG, lead systems and recording methods, typical waveforms and signal characteristics.
UNIT II BIO-CHEMICAL AND NON ELECTRICAL PARAMETER

MEASUREMENT 9
PH, PO2, PCO2, PHCO3, Electrophoresis, colorimeter, photometer, Auto analyzer, Blood flow meter,
cardiac output, respiratory measurement, Blood pressure, temperature, pulse, Blood cell counters.
UNIT III ASSIST DEVICES AND BIO-TELEMETRY 9

Cardiac pacemakers, DC Defibrillator, Telemetry principles, frequency selection, Bio-telemetry, radio-
pill and tele-stimulation.
UNIT IV RADIOLOGICAL EQUIPMENTS 9

Ionosing radiation, Diagnostic x-ray equipments, use of Radio Isotope in diagnosis, Radiation
Therapy.
UNIT V RECENT TRENDS IN MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 9

Thermograph, endoscopy unit, Laser in medicine, Diathermy units, Electrical safety in medical
equipment.
TOTAL: 45
TEXTBOOKS
1. Leislie Cromwell, ―Biomedical instrumentation and measurement‖, Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi, 2002.
REFERENCES
1. Khandpur, R.S., ―Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation‖, TATA McGraw-Hill, New Delhi,
1997.
2. Joseph J.Carr and John M.Brown, ―Introduction to Biomedical equipment Technology‖, John
Wiley and Sons, New York, 1997.
105
SEMESTER-VI
TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING AND NETWORKS
LTPC
3003
ECC357 TELECOMMUNICATION 3 CREDITS

SWITCHING AND
NETWORKS
Prerequisite
Goal To introduce fundamental functions of a telecom
switching office and mathematical model for the analysis
of telecommunication traffic.
Objectives Outcome
1. Learn the concept of frequency 1. Understand the concepts of Frequency and Time
multiplexing ,TDM and digital division multiplexing. digital multiplexing and digital
multiplexing with digital hierarchy hierarchy namely SONET / SDH,
namely SONET / SDH, 2.Understand the concepts of space switching, time
2. Learn the concept of switching, switching and combination switching,
3. Study the need for network 3. Understand the need for network synchronization,
synchronization and synchronization study synchronization issues , outline network control
issues. and management issues,
4. Study the enhanced local loop 4. Understand enhanced local loop systems in digital
systems in digital environment, environment, ISDN, DSL / ADSL, and fiber optic
5. Learn statistical modeling of systems in subscriber loop,
telephone traffic and queuing system 5. Understand the concepts of statistical modeling of
characteristics. telephone traffic, blocking system characteristics and
queuing system characteristics.
UNIT I MULTIPLEXING 9
Transmission Systems, FDM Multiplexing and modulation, Time Division Multiplexing, Digital
Transmission and Multiplexing: Pulse Transmission, Line Coding, Binary N-Zero Substitution, Digital
Biphase, Differential Encoding, Time division Multiplex loops and rings.
SONET/SDH: SONET Multiplexing Overview, SONET Frame Formats, SONET Operations,
Administration and Maintenance, Payload Framing and Frequency Justification, Virtual Tributaries,
DS3 Payload Mapping, E4 Payload Mapping, SONET Optical Standards, SONET Networks. SONET
Rings: Unidirectional Path-Switched Ring, Bidirectional Line-Switched Ring.
UNIT II DIGITAL SWITCHING 9

Switching Functions, Space Division Switching, Time Division Switching, two-dimensional Switching:
STS Switching, TST Switching, No.4 ESS Toll Switch, Digital Cross-Connect Systems, Digital
Switching in an Analog Environment. Elements of SSN07 signaling.
UNIT III NETWORK SYNCHRONIZATION CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT 9

Timing: Timing Recovery: Phase-Locked Loop, Clock Instability, Jitter Measurements,Systematic
Jitter. Timing Inaccuracies: Slips, Asynchronous Multiplexing, Network Synchronization, U.S. Network
Synchronization, Network Control, Network Management.
UNIT IV DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER ACCESS 9

ISDN: ISDN Basic Rate Access Architecture, ISDN U Interface, ISDN D Channel Protocol. High-Data-
Rate Digital Subscriber Loops: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, VDSL. Digital Loop Carrier
Systems: Universal Digital Loop Carrier Systems, Integrated Digital Loop Carrier Systems, Next-
Generation Digital Loop Carrier, Fiber in the Loop, Hybrid Fiber Coax Systems, Voice band Modems:
PCM Modems, Local Microwave Distribution Service, Digital Satellite Services.
106
UNIT V TRAFFIC ANALYSIS 9
Traffic Characterization: Arrival Distributions, Holding Time Distributions, Loss Systems, Network
Blocking Probabilities: End-to-End Blocking Probabilities, Overflow Traffic, Delay Systems:
Exponential service Times, Constant Service Times, Finite Queues.
TOTAL: 45
TEXTBOOK
1. Bellamy John, ―Digital Telephony‖, John Wily & Sons, Inc. 3rd edn. 2000.
REFERENCE
1. Viswanathan. T., ―Telecommunication Switching System and Networks‖, Prentice Hall of India Ltd.,
1994.
ECC358 SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO
LTPC
3003
UNIT 1: SDR Introduction 9
Software Radio aspects, The Need for Software Radios, Characteristics and Benefits of a Software
Radio, Design Principles of a Software Radio. SDR concepts & history, Benefits of SDR, SDR Forum,
Ideal SDR architecture, SDR Based End to- End Communication, Worldwide frequency band plans-
Future of Software Defined Radio- Introduction to Cognitive Radio.
UNIT 2: Architecture 9
Introduction – 2G Radio Architectures Hybrid Radio Architecture- Basic Software Defined Radio Block
Diagram- System Level Functioning Partitioning-Digital Frequency Conversion Partitioning.,
Functional View, Networking Overview-Core Framework- Operating Environment (OE)- SCA
architecture, specification structure- General requirements and services, devices and Certification.
UNIT 3:Front End Technology 9

Radio Frequency translation, Transmitter specifications, Architecture, Design considerations-
Receiver specifications, Architecture, considerations- Front end Implementation-Data conversions-
Zero IF receivers, Preselect Filters.
UNIT 4:Baseband Processing and Reconfiguration 9

Base band component technologies, Design tools, Methodologies- Antenna requirements-
Reconfiguration of network elements- user requirement of SDR terminals- Reconfiguration strategies,
requirements and management techniques.
UNIT 5: GNU Radio Platform 9

Software Radio platforms: Low Cost SDR Platform- GNU radio- Python introduction, developing GNU
Radio, signal processing blocks, scheduler, Basic GR development flow, Universal Software radio
peripherals (USRP).
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
Reference Books:
1. Bard, Kovarik: Software Defined Radio, The Software Communications Architecture, Wiley
rd
2007, 3 Edition.
2. Dillinger, Madani, Alonistioti (Eds.): Software Defined Radio, Architectures, Systems and
Functions, Wiley 2003
3. Dr. Walter Tuttlebee: Software Defined Radio-Enabling Technologies, Wiley 2002
4.Tafazolli (Ed.): Technologies for the Wireless Future, Wiley 2005
5. Eugene Grayver, Implementing Software Defined Radio, Springer
6. Cory Clark, Software Defined Radio: With GNU Radio and USRP, McGraw-Hill
Companies,Incorporated, 29-Nov-2008
107
ECC359SPEECH SIGNAL PROCESSING
LTPC
3 0 0 3
Course Learning objectives:
To provide students with the knowledge of
1. Basic characteristics of speech signal in relation to production and hearing of speech by
humans.
2. Fundamentals of DSP
3. Human speech production
4. Speech processing techniques
5. Speech coding techniques and speech recognition
Course Outcomes:
The students will get familiarity with
1. The basic characteristics of speech signal and hearing perception.
2. The fundamental concepts of digital signal processing
3. Fundamentals of Human speech production
4. The analysis of speech model
5. The basic algorithms of speech analysis common to many applications. The applications like
recognition, synthesis, coding.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL SPEECH PROCESSING 9
Fundamentals of Digital Signal Processing, Fundamentals of Human Speech Production, Acoustic

Properties of American English Speech, Fundamentals of Speech Perception, Computational Models
of Speech Perception, Time-Domain Methods for Speech Processing, Frequency-Domain
Representations, Algorithms for Estimating Speech Parameters, Digital Coding of Speech and Audio.
UNIT II FUNDAMENTALS OF DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 9
Review of Discrete-Time Signals and Systems, Review of Transform Representation of Signals and
Systems (DFT, STFT), Fundamentals of Digital Filters, Review of Sampling Theory.
UNIT III FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN SPEECH PRODUCTION 9
The Process of Speech Production, Short-Time Fourier Representation of Speech, The Acoustic
Theory of Speech Production, Lossless Tube Models of the Vocal Tract, Digital Models for Sampled
Speech Signals, The Speech Chain, Anatomy and Function of the Ear, The Perception of Sound;
Masking; Pitch, Measurement of Speech Quality and Intelligibility.
UNIT IV THE CEPSTRUM AND HOMOMORPHIC SPEECH PROCESSING 9
Homomorphic Systems for Convolution, Homomorphic Analysis of the Speech Model, Computing the
Short-Time Cepstrum and Complex Cepstrum of Speech, Homomorphic Filtering of Natural Speech,
Cepstrum Analysis of All-Pole Models, Cepstrum Distance Measures, Linear Predictive Analysis of
Speech Signals, Computation of the Gain for the Model.
UNIT V SPEECH CODING AND RECOGNITION 9
Digital Coding of Speech Signals, Sampling Speech Signals, A Statistical Model for Speech
Instantaneous Quantization, Adaptive Quantization, Quantizing of Speech Model Parameters,
Analysis-by-Synthesis Speech Coders, Open-Loop Speech Coders, Applications of Speech Coders,
Frequency-Domain Coding of Speech and Audio, Sub band Coding, Adaptive Transform Coding,
Automatic Speech Recognition and Natural Language Understanding, Building a Speech Recognition
System.
TOTAL = 45 Periods
108
TEXTBOOK:
1. Rabiner, L., Juang, B.H.: Fundamentals of Speech Recognition, Signal Processing, Prentice
Hall, Engelwood Cliffs, NJ, 1993, ISBN 0-13-015157-2
REFERENCES:
1. Gold, B., Morgan, N.: Speech and Audio Signal Processing, John Wiley & Sons, 2000, ISBN
0-471-35154-7
2. Acoustics of American English Speech (Olive, Greenwood and Coleman, 1993)
ECC360 -MOBILE COMMUNICATION
LTPC
3 0 03
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To impart the fundamentals concepts of mobile communication systems.
To introduce various technologies and protocols involved in mobile communication.
Examine Theory Research in Mobility
Examine Systems Research in Mobility
UNIT I OVERVIEW OF CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION AND CELLULAR CONCEPT 9

Overview to wireless communication: Evolution & Generation of mobile communication. Existing
mobile communication technology and current Status. Cellular Concept: Frequency reuse, channel
assignment, hand off, Interference and system Capacity, tracking and grade of service, Improving
Coverage and capacity in Cellular systems
UNIT 2 2G SYSTEMS9
GSM – Architecture - Location tracking and call setup - GSM Mobility management– Security -
GSM SMS - International roaming for GSM - Call recording functions - subscriber and service data
management - Mobile Number portability. GPRS – Architecture
UNIT 3 3G SYSTEMS . 9
3G Networks - Features and Performance of 3G networks -Frequency allocation for IMT
(International telecommunications Union) 2000 -- Architecture of Universal Mobile
Telecommunications System (UMTS) network - 3GPP release 99 network architecture. Network
architecture of Enhanced Data rates for Global Evaluation (EDGE).Over view of CDMA 2000
UNIT 4 Over view of 4G and 3GPP 9

Over view and operation of Wi-Fi, WiMAX, OFDM, OFDMA, OFDM-IDMA, MIMO, Cognitive Radio,
LTE.
UNIT 5 MOBILE NETWORK AND TRANSPORT LAYERS 9

Mobile IP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Mobile Ad Hoc Routing Protocols - Multicast
routing –TCP over Wireless Networks - Indirect TCP - Snooping TCP - Mobile TCP - Fast Retransmit
/ Fast Recovery –Transmission / Timeout Freezing-Selective Retransmission - Transaction Oriented
TCP - TCP over 2.5 / 3G wireless Networks
TOTAL = 45 Periods
TEXT / REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Jochen Schiller, ―Mobile Communications‖, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 2003.
2. William Stallings, ―Wireless Communications and Networks‖, Pearson Education, 2002.
3. Yi-Bing Lin, Imrich Chlamtac, ―Wireless and Mobile Network Architectures‖, John Wiley and sons,
2001
109
DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING
LTPC
3 0 0 3
ECC361 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING 3 CREDITS
Prerequisite
Goal To introduce the students to various image processing
techniques.
Objectives Outcome
to: 1. Understand the image fundamentals and the
1. Study the image fundamentals and two dimensional image transforms,
mathematical transforms necessary for 2. Understand how to improve the image quality by
image processing, using enhancement techniques,
2. Study the image enhancement 3. Restore the image by the use of various filtering
techniques, techniques,
3. Study image restoration procedures, 4. Understand the various image compression
4. Study the image compression techniques and standards,
Procedures, 5. Understand the descriptors used to describe an
5. Study the image segmentation and image, segmentation and edge detection in
representation techniques. images.
UNIT I DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS AND TRANSFORMS 9

Elements of visual perception – Image sampling and quantization, Basic relationship between pixels –
Basic geometric transformations-Introduction to Fourier Transform and DFT – Properties of 2D
Fourier Transform – FFT – Separable Image Transforms -Walsh – Hadamard – Discrete Cosine
Transform, Haar, Slant – Karhunen – Loeve transforms.
UNIT II IMAGE ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES 9

Spatial Domain methods: Basic grey level transformation – Histogram equalization – Image
subtraction – Image averaging –Spatial filtering: Smoothing, sharpening filters – Laplacian filters –
Frequency domain filters : Smoothing – Sharpening filters – Homomorphic filtering.
UNIT III IMAGE RESTORATION 9

Model of Image Degradation/restoration process – Noise models – Inverse filtering –Least mean
square filtering – Constrained least mean square filtering – Blind image restoration – Pseudo inverse
– Singular value decomposition.
UNIT IV IMAGE COMPRESSION 9

Lossless compression: Variable length coding – LZW coding – Bit plane coding- predictive coding-
DPCM. Lossy Compression: Transform coding – Wavelet coding – Basics of Image compression
standards: JPEG, MPEG, Basics of Vector quantization.
UNIT V IMAGE SEGMENTATION AND REPRESENTATION 9

Edge detection – Thresholding - Region Based segmentation – Boundary representation: chaincodes-
Polygonal approximation – Boundary segments – boundary descriptors: Simple descriptors-Fourier
descriptors - Regional descriptors –Simple descriptors- Texture.
TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOK
rd
1. Rafael C Gonzalez, Richard E Woods 3 Edition, Digital Image Processing - Pearson
Education 2007.
REFERENCES
1. William K Pratt, Digital Image Processing John Willey (2001)
110
2. Image Processing Analysis and Machine Vision – Millman Sonka, Vaclav hlavac, Roger Boyle,
Broos/colic, Thompson Learniy (1999).
3. A.K. Jain, PHI, New Delhi (1995)-
4. Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing. Chanda Dutta Magundar – Digital Image Processing
and Applications, Prentice Hall of India, 2000.
BIO-MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
LTP C
3 0 0 3
ECC362 BIOMEDICAL 3 CREDITS

INSTRUMENTATION
Prerequisite Nil
Goal To make students understand the applications of
electronics in diagnostic and therapeutic area.
Objectives Outcome
1. Learn Electro-physiology and Bio- Know the origin of Bio-potentials, recording methods of
Potential recording, various bio signals,
2. Understand bio-chemical and non 1. Know about measurement and analysis of various
electrical parameter measurement, bio signals,
3. Learn about assist devices and bio- 2. Know about cardiac pacemakers, DC Defibrillator,
telemetry, Bio-telemetry,
4. Study radiological equipments,
5. Study recent trends in Medical
3. Know about Diagnostic x-ray equipments,
Radiation Therapy,
Instrumentation.
4. Know about Endoscopy unit, Laser in medicine
and Electrical safety in medical equipment.
UNIT I ELECTRO-PHYSIOLOGY AND BIO-POTENTIAL RECORDING 9

The origin of Bio-potentials; biopotential electrodes, biological amplifiers, ECG, EEG, EMG, PCG,
EOG, lead systems and recording methods, typical waveforms and signal characteristics.
UNIT II BIO-CHEMICAL AND NON ELECTRICAL PARAMETERMEASUREMENT 9

PH, PO2, PCO2, PHCO3, Electrophoresis, colorimeter, photometer, Auto analyzer, Blood flow meter,
cardiac output, respiratory measurement, Blood pressure, temperature, pulse, Blood cell counters.
UNIT III ASSIST DEVICES AND BIO-TELEMETRY 9

Cardiac pacemakers, DC Defibrillator, Telemetry principles, frequency selection, Bio-telemetry, radio-
pill and tele-stimulation.
UNIT IV RADIOLOGICAL EQUIPMENTS 9
Ionosing radiation, Diagnostic x-ray equipments, use of Radio Isotope in diagnosis, Radiation
Therapy.
UNIT V RECENT TRENDS IN MEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION 9

Thermograph, endoscopy unit, Laser in medicine, Diathermy units, Electrical safety in medical
equipment.
TOTAL: 45
TEXTBOOKS
1. Leislie Cromwell, ―Biomedical instrumentation and measurement‖, Prentice Hall of India, New
Delhi, 2002.
REFERENCES
1. Khandpur, R.S., ―Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation‖, TATA McGraw-Hill, New Delhi,
1997.
2. Joseph J.Carr and John M.Brown, ―Introduction to Biomedical equipment Technology‖, John
Wiley and Sons, New York, 1997.
111
DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN WITH HDL
LTPC
3 0 0 3
DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN WITHHDL

ECC363 3 CREDITS
Prerequisite
Goal To learn VHDL and to describe the digital system design using VHDL.
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. To Learn basic Concepts in HDL 1. Summarize and make us of HDL language to
2. Learn different types of statements and write code for simple logic circuits.
different levels of modeling in HDL. 2. Make use of the concepts and describe
3. Provide knowledge about the functionality of combinational logic circuit using HDL.
combinational circuit.. 3. Design of combination logic circuit using HDL.
4. Learn about sequential circuits and state 4. Design of sequential logic circuit using HDL.
diagram implementation of digital circuits. 5. Design of Microcomputer and programmable
5. Provide knowledge of the concept of device using HDL.
microcomputer and programmable logic
devices.
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO HDL 9
Introduction to Computer-aided design tools for digital systems. Hardware description languages;
introduction to HDL data objects, classes and data types, Operators, Overloading, logical
operators.Types of delays Entity and Architecture declaration.Introduction to behavioral dataflow and
structural models.
UNIT II: HDL STATEMENTS 9
Assignment statements, sequential statements and process, conditional statements, case statement
Array and loops, resolution functions, Packages and Libraries, concurrent statements. Subprograms:
Application of Functions and Procedures, Structural Modeling, component declaration, structural
layout and generics.
UNIT III: COMBINATIONAL CIRCUIT DESIGN 9
HDL Models and Simulation of combinational circuits such as Multiplexers, Demultiplexers, encoders,
decoders , code converters, comparators, implementation of Boolean functions, Serial and Parallel
adder.
UNIT IV: SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT DESIGN 9
HDL Models and Simulation of Sequential Circuits Flip flops, Shift Registers, Counters, Basic RAM,
ROM and Finite State machine.
UNIT V: DESIGN OF MICROCOMPUTER & PROGRAMMABLE DEVICE 9
Basic components of a computer, specifications, architecture of a simple microcomputer system,

implementation of a simple microcomputer system using HDL Programmable logic devices: PLAs,
PALs, CPLDs and FPGA. Design implementation using CPLDs and FPGAs.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. "A HDL Primmer‖: Bhasker; Prentice Hall 1995.

2. ―Digital System Design using HDL‖ : Charles. H.Roth ; PWS (1998).
112
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Ashenden - Digital design,Elsevier

2. IEEE Standard HDL Language Reference Manual (1993).
3. Digital Design and Modelling with HDL and Synthesis : KC Chang; IEEE Computer Society Press.
4. "HDL-Analysis & Modelling of Digital Systems‖ : Navabi Z; McGraw Hill.
5. HDL-IV Edition :Perry; TMH (2002)
6. ―Introduction to Digital Systems‖ : Ercegovac. Lang & Moreno; John Wiley (1999).
7. Fundamentals of Digital Logic with HDL Design : Brown and Vranesic; TMH (2000)
8. Modern Digital Electronics- III Edition: R.P Jain; TMH (2003).
9. Grout - Digital system Design using FPGA & CPLD 'S,Elsevier
ECC364-BIO- SENSORS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING

LTPC
3003
AIM
To study the signal processing methods and analysis of bio signals
OBJECTIVES
To study of DFT and its computation
To study the design techniques for digital filters
To study bio-signal analysis.
To study special techniques like Heart rate variability Analysis
UNIT I DISCRETE – TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 9

Sampling of Analogue signals – aliasing – standard discrete time signals – classification – discrete
time systems – Linear time invariant stable casual discrete time systems – classification methods –
linear and circular convolution – difference equation representation – DFS, DTFT, DFT – FFT
computations using DIT and DIF algorithms.
UNIT II INFINITE IMPULSE RESPONSE DIGITAL FILTERS 9

Review of design of analogue Butterworth and Chebyshev Filters, Frequency transformation in
analogue domain – Design of IIR digital filters using impulse invariance technique – Design of digital
filters using bilinear transform – pre warping – Frequency transformation in digital domain –
Realization using direct, cascade and parallel forms.
UNIT III FINITE IMPULSE RESPONSE DIGITAL FILTERS 9

Symmetric and Antisymmetric FIR filters – Linear phase FIR filters – Design using Frequency
sampling technique – Window design using Hamming, Hanning and Blackmann Windows – Concept
of optimum equiripple approximation – Realisation of FIR filters – Transversal, Linear phase and
Polyphase realization structures.
UNIT IV ANALYSIS OF BIO –SIGNALS 9

Removal of artifacts-ECG ,Event detection –ECG,P wave, QRS Complex, T wave, correlation
analysis of ECG signals ,Averaging of signals-PCG,ECG and EMG.
UNIT V SPECIAL TOPICS IN BSP 9

Heart rate variability Analysis .Analysis of PCG signals, Analysis of Time variant systems, Fixed
segmentation –STFT, ACF, SEM and GLR.
TEXT BOOKS
1. John G. Proakis and Dimitris G.Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing, Algorithms and Applications,
PHI of India Ltd., New Delhi, 3rd Edition, 2000.
2. Rangaraj.M.Rangayyan ,Biomedical signal processing
113
REFERENCES
1. Sanjit K.Mitra ‗Digital Signal Processing‘, A Computer Based Approach, Tata McGraw-Hill, New
Delhi, 1998.
ECC365-MEDICAL IMAGE PROCESSING LTPC

3003
AIM
To expose the students to the fundamentals of medical image acquisition, processing and storage.
OBJECTIVES
After completing the course the students will be able to:
1. Study the image fundamentals and mathematical transforms necessary for image processing.
2. Study the image enhancement techniques
3. Study image restoration procedures.
4. Study the image compression procedures.
UNIT I DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTAL 9

Elements of digital image processing systems, Elements of Visual perception, Image sampling and
quantization, Some Basic relationships between pixels, Matrix and Singular Value representation of
discrete images.
UNIT II IMAGE TRANSFORMS 9

1D DFT, 2D DFT, Cosine, Sine Hadamard, Haar, Slant, KL transform and their properties.
UNIT III IMAGE ENHANCEMENT 9

Histogram – Modification and specification techniques, Enhancement by point processing Image
smoothening, Image sharpening, generation of spatial masks from frequency domain specification,
Homomorphic filtering, color image processing.
UNIT IV IMAGE RESTORATIONAND RECONSTRUCTION OF MEDICAL IMAGES 9

Image degradation models, Unconstrained and Constrained restoration, inverse filtering, least mean
square filter, Image reconstruction from projections – Radon transforms, Filter back projection
algorithm, 3D tomography, Fourier reconstruction of MRI Images.
UNIT V MEDICAL IMAGE COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES 9

Run length, Huffman coding, arithmetic coding, Pixel coding, transform coding, JPEG Standard,
predictive techniques, Application of image processing techniques in thermography, SPECT, PET
images.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Rafael C., Gonzalez and Richard E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Pearson Education Asia,
2001
2. Anil K. Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Prentice Hall of India, 1997
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. William K. Pratt, Digital Image Processing, John Wiley, NJ, 1987.
2. Albert Macouski, Medical Imaging systems, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.1983.
3. Sid Ahmed M.A., Image Processing Theory, Algorithm and Architectures, McGraw Hill, 1995.
114
ECC366-BIOMATERIALS AND ARTIFICIAL ORGANS
LTPC
3003
AIM
1. To understand the properties of the Bio-compatible materials
2. To study the different types of Biomaterials
3. To study artificial organs made using tissue materials.
OBJECTIVES
This course will enable the students:
To study the characteristics and classification of Biomaterials
To study the artificial organ developed using these materials
To learn about polymeric materials and combinations that could be used as a tissue replacement
implants
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO MATERIALS 9

Definition and classification of biomaterials - Mechanical Properties, Surface and Physical Properties
of Biomaterials, Classes of materials used: Polymers, metals, ceramics and composite as
biomaterials for implantation.
UNIT II BIOCOMPATIBILITY 9
Introduction-Wound Healing and foreign Body response, Biomaterials testing, In-Vitro and In-Vivo
assessment of tissue compatibility, Methods of test for biological performance, Degradation effects on
Metals.
UNIT III POLYMERIC IMPLANT MATERIALS 9

Polymerisation- Synthesis, Mechanical & Thermal properties, Polymeric Biomaterials-polyacrylic acid,
Polyacrylamide, Biodegradable Polymers, Medical fibers and Biotextiles- In vitro Applications.
Polymers- Medical applications
UNIT IV ARTIFICIAL ORGANS 9

Cardiovascular medical devices, Implantable Cardiac Assist devices(artificial heart, cardiac valves),
Orthopedic applications- Internal fracture fixation, Joint replacements, Dental Implantation, Bio—
electrodes.
UNIT V APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 9

Skin Substitutes and Burn Dressings, Soft Tissue replacements, Sutures, Bio-medical Sensors and
Biosensors
TEXT BOOKS
1. J B Park ,Biomaterials Science and Engineering , Plenum Press , 1984
2. Buddy D. Ratner, Allan S. Hoffman, ,Biomaterials Science - Introduction to Materials in Medicine
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Jonathan Black, Biological Performance of materials , Marcel Decker, 1981
2. Piskin and A S Hoffmann, Polymeric Biomaterials(Eds) , Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.(Dordrecht)
1986
3. Eugene D. Goldbera ,Biomedical Ploymers , Akio Nakajima.
4. A.Rembaum & M. Shen, Biomedical Polymers , Mercer Dekkar Inc. 1971
5. Lawrence Stark &GyanAgarwal ,Biomaterials, L.Hench & E. C. Ethridge, Biomaterials - An
Interfacial approach.
115
SEMESTER-VII
HIGH SPEED NETWORKS
LTPC
3 0 0 3
ECC451 HIGH SPEED 3 CREDITS
NETWORKS
Prerequisite
Goal To provide the knowledge of features of different
technologies involved in high speed networking and
their performance.
Objectives Outcome
1. Understand ATM and Frame relay, to:
2. Understand Congestion and Traffic 1. Know the basics of ATM and Frame relay,
management, 2. BE familiarize with the up-to-date
3. Understand TCP and ATM congestion developments in High Speed Networks and
control, know the effects of congestion and Traffic
4. Understand Integrated and differentiated management,
services, 3. Know the techniques involved to support real-
5. Understand Protocols for QoS support. time traffic and congestion control in TCP and
ATM networks,
4. Know Integrated and differentiated services
and the queuing disciplines,
5. Know the different levels of quality of service
(Q.S) in different applications.
UNIT I HIGH SPEED NETWORKS 9

Frame Relay Networks – Asynchronous transfer mode – ATM Protocol Architecture, ATMlogical
Connection, ATM Cell – ATM Service Categories – AAL. High Speed LANs: Fast Ethernet, Gigabit
Ethernet, Fiber Channel – Wireless LANs:applications, requirements – Architecture of 802.11
UNIT II CONGESTION AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT 9

Queuing Analysis- Queuing Models – Single Server Queues – Effects of Congestion –Congestion
Control – Traffic Management – Congestion Control in Packet Switching Networks– Frame Relay
Congestion Control.
UNIT III TCP AND ATM CONGESTION CONTROL 9

TCP Flow control – TCP Congestion Control – Retransmission – Timer Management –Exponential
RTO backoff – KARN‘s Algorithm – Window management – Performance of TCP overATM. Traffic
and Congestion control in ATM – Requirements – Attributes – Traffic ManagementFrame work, Traffic
Control – ABR traffic Management – ABR rate control, RM cell formats, ABRCapacity allocations –
GFR traffic management.
UNIT IV INTEGRATED AND DIFFERENTIATED SERVICES 9

Integrated Services Architecture – Approach, Components, Services- Queuing Discipline, FQ,PS,
BRFQ, GPS, WFQ – Random Early Detection, Differentiated Services
UNIT V PROTOCOLS FOR QOS SUPPORT 9

RSVP – Goals & Characteristics, Data Flow, RSVP operations, Protocol Mechanisms –Multiprotocol
Label Switching – Operations, Label Stacking, Protocol details – RTP – ProtocolArchitecture, Data
Transfer Protocol, RTCP.
TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOK
1. William Stallings, ―High Speed Networks and Internet‖, Pearson Education, SecondEdition,
2002.
116
REFERENCES
1. Warland& PravinVaraiya, ―High Performance Communication Networks‖, Jean Harcourt Asia
Pvt. Ltd., II Edition, 2001.
2. IrvanPepelnjk, Jim Guichard and Jeff Apcar, ―MPLS and VPN architecture‖, Cisco
Press,Volume 1 and 2, 2003.
WIRELESS NETWORKS
LTPC
3003
ECC452 WIRELESS 3 CREDITS

NETWORKS
Prerequisite
Goal To familiarize the student with the analysis and
design of different types of Wireless Network.
Objectives Outcome
to:
1.Understand physical and 1. Analyze & design issues of different types of
wireless MAC layer alternatives techniques, Wireless Modems,
2. Learn operation of wireless networks & 2. Understand the basic operation of different
WAN, Wireless Networks ,
3. Study wireless Transport Layer concept, 3. Understand the Issues of Transport Layer,
4. Understand the concept of Different types 4. Understand the concept of current issues of
of Wireless LAN, the Wireless LAN,
5. Understand WPAN and geo-location 5. Understand the real time operation of WPAN.
systems.
UNIT I PHYSICAL AND WIRELESS MAC LAYER ALTERNATIVES 9
Wired transmission techniques:Consideration in the design of wireless modems. Applied wireless

transmission techniques, short distance base band transmission,UWB pulse transmission, broad
Modems for higher speeds, random access for data oriented networks, integration of voice and data
traffic.
UNIT II WIRELESS NETWORK OPERATION AND WAN 9

Wireless networks topologies, cellular topology, cell fundamentals signal to interference ratio
calculation, mobility management, radio resources and power management, securities in wireless
networks. Mechanism to support a mobile environment, communication in the infrastructure, IS-95
CDMA forward channel, IS – 95 CDMA reverse channel, pilot and frame formats in IS – 95, IMT –
2000; CDMA 2000
UNIT III MOBILE TRANSPORT LAYERS 9

Mobile IP – Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol-Mobile Ad Hoc Routing Protocols–
Multicast routing-TCP over Wireless Networks – Indirect TCP – Snooping TCP – Mobile
TCP – Fast Retransmit / Fast Recovery – Transmission/Timeout Freezing-Selective
Retransmission – Transaction Oriented TCP- TCP over 2.5 / 3G wireless Networks
UNIT IV OVERVIEW OF WIRELESS LAN 9

IEEE 802.11 Standards- Architecture,Services (PHY.LAYER,MAC LAYER) Wi-Fi and
WiMAX - Wireless Local Loop-wireless ATM-HIPER LAN 1,2
UNIT V WPAN AND GEOLOCATION SYSTEMS 9

IEEE 802.15 WPAN, Home RF, Bluetooth, interface between Bluetooth and 802.11, wireless
geolocation, technologies for wireless geolocation, geolocation standards for E-911 services.
TOTAL: 45
117
TEXT BOOK
1. Kaveh Pahlavan, Prashant Krishnamoorthy, Principles of Wireless Networks, - A united
approach Pearson Education, 2002.
2. William Stallings, ―Wireless Communications and Networks‖, Pearson Education, 2002.
REFERENCES
1. Jochen Schiller, Mobile Communications, Person Education – 2003, 2nd Edn.
2. X.Wang and H.V.Poor, Wireless Communication Systems, Pearson education, 2004.
3. M.Mallick, Mobile and Wireless design essentials, Wiley Publishing Inc. 2003.
4. P.Nicopolitidis, M.S.Obaidat, G.I. papadimitria, A.S. Pomportsis, Wireless Networks, John
Wiley & Sons, 2003
118
REMOTE SENSING
LTPC
3003
ECC453 REMOTE 3 CREDITS

SENSING
Prerequisite Nil
Goal To enable the student to explore the
fundamental principles of remote sensing
as they relate to engineering and
environmental problems
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to: At the end of the course the student should
1. Understand the principles of remote sensing techniques be able to:
by outlining a sensor design according to spectral 1. Understand the principles of
responses of Earth‘s surfaces and the atmosphere , remote sensing techniques and
2. Understand the processing and enhancement of satellite spectral responses,
images for identifying geological structures, 2. Identify Geological Structures and
3. Recognize coastal morphology from space, satellite Images,
4. Recognize global changes and environmental monitoring 3. Recognize Coastal morphology,
with data from special sensors, 4. Know optical and microwave
5. Understands the spectral characteristics of earth. remote sensing,
5. To Interpret Satellite Images.
UNIT I REMOTE SENSING 9

Definition – Components of Remote Sensing – Energy, Sensor, Interacting Body - Active and Passive
Remote Sensing – Platforms – Aerial and Space Platforms – Balloons, Helicopters, Aircraft and
Satellites – Synoptivity and Repetivity – Electro Magnetic Radiation (EMR) – EMR spectrum – Visible,
Infra Red (IR), Near IR, Middle IR, Thermal IR and Microwave – Black Body Radiation - Planck‘s law
– Stefan-Boltzman law.
UNIT II EMR INTERACTION WITH ATMOSPHERE AND EARTH MATERIALS 9

Atmospheric characteristics – Scattering of EMR – Raleigh, Mie, Non-selective and Raman Scattering
– EMR Interaction with Water vapour and ozone – Atmospheric Windows – Significance of
Atmospheric windows – EMR interaction with Earth Surface Materials – Radiance, Irradiance,
Incident, Reflected, Absorbed and Transmitted Energy – Reflectance – Specular and Diffuse
Reflection Surfaces- Spectral Signature – Spectral Signature curves – EMR interaction with water,
soil and Earth Surface: Imaging spectrometry and spectral characteristics.
UNIT III OPTICAL AND MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING 9

Satellites - Classification – Based on Orbits and Purpose – Satellite Sensors - Resolution –
Description of Multi Spectral Scanning – Along and Across Track Scanners – Description of Sensors
in Landsat, SPOT, IRS series – Current Satellites - Radar – Speckle - Back Scattering – Side Looking
Airborne Radar – Synthetic Aperture Radar – Radiometer – Geometrical characteristics ; Sonar
remote sensing systems.
UNIT IV GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM 9

GIS – Components of GIS – Hardware, Software and Organizational Context – Data – Spatial and
Non-Spatial – Maps – Types of Maps – Projection – Types of Projection - Data Input – Digitizer,
Scanner – Editing – Raster and Vector data structures – Comparison of Raster and Vector data
structure – Analysis using Raster and Vector data – Retrieval, Reclassification, Overlaying, Buffering
– Data Output – Printers and Plotters
UNIT V MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS 9

Visual Interpretation of Satellite Images – Elements of Interpretation - Interpretation Keys
Characteristics of Digital Satellite Image – Image enhancement – Filtering – Classification -
Integration of GIS and Remote Sensing – Application of Remote Sensing and GIS – Urban
119
Applications- Integration of GIS and Remote Sensing – Application of Remote Sensing and GIS –
Water resources – Urban Analysis – Watershed Management – Resources Information Systems.
Global positioning system – an introduction.
TOTAL: 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. M.G. Srinivas (Edited by), Remote Sensing Applications, Narosa Publishing House, 2001. (Units 1
& 2).
2. Anji Reddy, Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, BS Publications 2001 (Units
3, 4 & 5).
REFERENCES
1. Jensen, J.R., Remote sensing of the environment, Prentice Hall, 2000.
2. Kang-Tsung Chang,‖ Introduction to Geographic Information Systems‖, TMH, 2002
3. Lillesand T.M. and Kiefer R.W., ―Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation‖, John Wiley and Sons,
Inc, New York, 1987.
4. Janza.F.J., Blue, H.M., and Johnston, J.E., "Manual of Remote Sensing Vol. I., American Society of
Photogrammetry, Virginia, U.S.A, 1975.
5. Burrough P A, ―Principle of GIS for land resource assessment‖, Oxford
6. Mischael Hord, "Remote Sensing Methods and Applications", John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1986.
7. Singal, "Remote Sening", Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 1990.
8. Floyd F. Sabins, Remote sensing, ―Principles and interpretation‖, W H Freeman and Company
1996.
120
TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM MODELING AND SIMULATION
LTPC
3 0 0 3
ECC454 TELECOMMUNICATION 3 CREDITS

SYSTEM MODELING AND
SIMULATION
Prerequisite
Goal To enable the students to model the random variables
and random process applied to telecommunication
system and to learn the methods of system simulation
and performance evaluation.
Objectives Outcome
1. Learn simulation of random 1.Understand the process of simulation of random
variables and random process, variables and random process,
2. Learn modeling of radio 2. Understand the concepts of modeling of radio
communication channels, communication channels,
3. Learn various simulation 3.Know the various simulation techniques such as
techniques, sampling method and Monte Carlo method,
4. Learn simulation methodologies and 4. Understand the process of simulation
performance evaluation, methodologies and performance evaluation,
5. Analyze some digital 5.Analyze some digital communication,optical
communication and optical communication and satellite communication
communication techniques. techniques,
UNIT I SIMULATION OF RANDOM VARIABLES RANDOM PROCESS 9

Generation of random numbers and sequence, Guassian and uniform random numbers Correlated
random sequences, Testing of random numbers generators, Stationary and uncorrelated noise,
Goodness of fit test.
UNIT II MODELING OF COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 9

Radio frequency and optical sources, Analog and Digital signals, Communication channel and
models, Free space channels, Multipath channel and discrete channel noise and interference.
UNIT III ESTIMATION OF PERFORMANCE MEASURE FOR SIMULATION 9

Quality of estimator, Estimation of SNR, Probability density function and bit error rate, Monte Carlo
method, Importance sampling method, Extreme value theory.
UNIT IV SIMULATION AND MODELING METHODOLOGY 9

Simulation environment, Modeling considerations, Performance evaluation techniques, error source
simulation, Validation.
UNIT V CASE STUDIES 9
Simulations of QAM digital radio link in environment Light wave communication link and satellite
system.
TOTAL: 45
TEXT BOOK
1. MC.Jeruchim, P.Balaban and Sam K Shanmugam, "Simulation of communication Systems:
Modeling, Methodology and Techniques ", Plenum press , New York, 2001.
REFERENCES
1. Averill.M.Law and W.David Kelton,"Simulation Modeling and Analysis‖, McGraw-Hill Inc., 2000.
2. Geoffrey Gorden, "System Simulation", Prentice Hall of India, 2nd Edition, 1992.
3. W.Turin, "Performance Analysis of Digital Communication Systems", Computer Science Press,
New York, 1990.
4. Jerry banks and John S.Carson, "Discrete Event System Simulation", Prentice Hall of India, 1984.
121
ECC455 RADAR SYSTEMS
LT P C
3 00 3
UNIT I AN INTRODUCTION TO RADAR & THE RADAR EQUATION
Basic Radar-The simple form of Radar Equation-Radar Block Diagram-Radar Frequencies-
Application of Radar-The origins of Radar.
Introduction of the Radar Equation – Detection of Signals in Noise – Receiver Noise and the Signal to
Noise Ratio- Probability Density Functions- Probabilities of Detection and False Alarm – Integration of
Radar Pulses – Radar Cross Section of Targets – Radar Cross Section Fluctuations- Transmitter
Power – Pulse Repletion Frequency-Antenna Parameters – System Losses – Other Radar Equation
Considerations.
UNIT II MTI AND PULSE DOPPLER RADAR & TRACKING RADAR

Introduction to Doppler & MTI Radar- Delay Line Cancelers- Staggered Pulse Repetition Frequencies-
Doppler Filter Banks – Digital MTI Processing –Moving Target Detector- Limitations to MTI
Performance- MTI from a Moving Platform(AMTI) – Pulse Doppler Radar- Other Doppler Radar
Topics.
Tracking with Radar-Monopulse Tracking – Conical Scan and Sequential Lobbing- Limitations to
Tracking Accuracy- Low-Angle Tracking- Tracking in Range- Other Tracking Radar Topics-
Comparison of Trackers – Automatic Tracking with Surveillance Radars (ADT).
UNIT III DEDUCTION OF SIGNALS IN NOISE

Introduction to Deduction of Signals in Noise- Matched Filter Receiver – Detection Criteria – Detectors
– Automatic Detection – Integrators – Constant –False -Alarm Rate Receivers.
UNIT IV THE RADAR ANTENNA & RADAR TRANSMITTERS

Functions of the Radar Antenna – Antenna Parameters – Antenna Radiation Pattern and Aperture
Illumination – Reflector Antennas – Electronically Steered Phased Array Antennas – Phase Shifters –
Frequency Scan Arrays – Radiators for Phased Arrays – Architectures for Phased Arrays –
Mechanically Steered Planar Array Antennas.
Introduction to Radar Transmitters – Linear – Beam Power Tubes – Solid State RF Power Sources –
Magnetron – Crossed Field Amplifiers – Other RF Power Sources.
UNIT V PROPOGATION OF RADAR WAVES & RADAR RECEIVERS

Introduction toPropagation of Radar Waves – Forward Scattering from a Flat Earth – Scattering from
the Round Earth‘s Surface – Atmospheric Refraction – Standard Propagation – Nonstandard
Propagation – Diffraction.
Introduction to the Radar Receiver – Receiver Noise Figure – Superheterodyne Receiver – Duplexers
and Receiver Protectors – Radar Displays
TOTAL=45
TEXT BOOKS:
rd
1. Introduction to Radar Systems, MERILL I SKOLNIK – Tata McGraw Hill – 3 edition 2001.
REFERENCE:
1. Radar Hand Book- MERILL I SKOLNIK- Tata McGraw Hill.

2. Principles of Radar- MITSTART- Tata McGraw Hill
122
PATTERN RECOGNITION
LT P C
3 00 3
ECC456 PATTERN RECOGNITION 3 CREDITS
Prerequisite Nil
The Programme gives exposure to the theoretical issues involved in pattern recognition
Goal system design. The student will have a clear working knowledge of implementing pattern
recognition techniques in Real time Environment.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to : At the end of the course the student should be able to:
1. Widen the capacity of the learners to 1.Have the fundamental knowledge on pattern
understand the concept of Pattern Recognition System
Recognition.
2. Have a strong foundation on Statistical Pattern
2. Understand the concept on Statistical recognition.
Pattern Recognition
3.Explain the concept on syntactic recognition via
3. Enrich the knowledge on Syntactic Parsing
Pattern Recognition.
4.Understand the concept on pattern recognition
4. Gain Knowledge on Neural Pattern Systems
recognition Systems
5.Understand the Applications of Image Processing in
5. To know Web Applications Medical Field.
UNIT I - PATTERN RECOGNITION OVERVIEW 9

Pattern recognition, Classification and Description- Patterns and feature Extraction-Training and
Learning in PR systems - Statistical pattern recognition – Syntactic pattern recognition – Neural
pattern recognition – other approaches to PR
UNIT II - STATISTICAL PATTERN RECOGNITION 9

Introduction to statistical Pattern Recognition - supervised Learning using Parametric and Non
Parametric Approaches. Linear Discriminant Functions Introduction—Discrete and binary
Classification problems—Techniques to directly Obtain Linear Classifiers
UNIT III - SYNTACTIC PATTERN RECOGNITION 9
Overview of Syntactic Pattern Recognition— Syntactic recognition via parsing and other Grammars–
Graphical Approaches to syntactic pattern recognition—learning via grammatical Inference.
UNIT IV - NEURAL PATTERN RECOGNITION 9

Introduction to Neural networks—Feedforward Networks and training by Back Propagation—Content
Addressable Memory Approaches and Unsupervised Learning in Neural PR.
UNIT V - APPLICATIONS AND CASE STUDIES 9

Web Applications – Audio and Video Analysis – Medical Applications – Image processing –Financial
Applications - Related case studies
TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOK
Robert Schalkoff, ―pattern Recognition: statistical, structural and neural approaches‖, JohnWiley
&sons , Inc, 2007.
123
REFERENCES
1. Chen C H, ―Handbook of pattern recognition and computer vision‖, 4 th edition world scientific co,
Pvt. Ltd., 2010
2. Christoper M Bishop, ―Neural Network for pattern recognition‖, Oxford university press, 2008
3. Earl Gose, Richard Johnsonbaugh, Steve Jost, ―Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis‖, Prentice
Hall of India, Pvt Ltd, 1996.
4. R.O. Duda, P.E. Hart & D.G Stork, ―Pattern Classification 2 nd Edition‖, J.Wiley Inc, 2001.
5. Geoff Dougherty, ―Pattern Recognition and classification: An introduction‖, Springer 2013
ECC457 FUNDAMENTALS OF VIDEO PROCESSING
LTPC
3 0 03
Course Outline
The course is comprehensive and state-of-the art approach to video processing, basically intended for
post graduate students in the branch of ECE and CSE. The present course discusses different video
coding techniques, which includes content dependent and scalable techniques for video coding. It
also covers, processing and communications of stereoscopic and multi-view video and video
streaming over Internet, which is one of the most popular video communication applications. The
present course gives a basic resource idea for the professional engineers, researchers and graduate
students.
COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CO/CLO)
CO/CLO-1 Recall the basics of Video representations and their characteristics
CO/CLO-2 Outline the Motion estimation techniques and Compare them
CO/CLO-3 Explain the functions of various Video coding schemes.
CO/CLO-4 Examine the characteristics of Error control mechanisms of Video communication
CO/CLO-5 Explain the streaming video concepts over the internet
UNIT I Introduction To Video Processing 9
Principles of colour video processing, Video display, Composite versus component video, Progressive
and interlaced scan, Sampling and Interpolation of video signals.
UNIT II Motion Detection and Estimation 9
General methodologies- Pixel based motion estimation-Block matching algorithm- Mesh based motion
estimation- Global motion estimation- Region based motion estimation- Multi -resolution motion
estimation- Direct motion Estimation
UNIT III Video coding techniques 9
Basic Video coding techniques- Wave form based coding, Block-based transform coding, Predictive
coding, temporal prediction and transform coding
Content based Video coding techniques- Region based video coding, Object based coding,
Knowledge based coding, Semantic coding and layered coding system
Application of motion estimator in video coding
UNIT VI Error control in video communications 9
Overview of approaches- Video applications and communication networks- Transport level error
control- Error resilient encoding- Encoder-decoder interactive error control- Error resilience Tools in
H.263 and MPEG-4
124
UNIT V Streaming video over the internet 9
Overview of video streaming systems- Video compression- Application layer QoS control for
streaming video- Continuous media Distribution services- Streaming servers- Media synchronization-
Protocols for streaming video
REFERENCES
1. Yao Wang, Jorn Ostermann, Ya-Qin Zhang, ‗Video Processing and
Communications‘,Prentice Hall,2002
2. Alan C.Bovik, ‗The Essential Guide to Video Processing‘,Elsevier Science, edition 2, 2009
3. A. Murat Tekalp, ‗Digital Video Processing‘,Prentice Hall, edition 1, 1996
4. Jens R. Ohm, ‗Multimedia Communication Technology: Representation, Transmission and
Identification of Multimedia Signals ,Springer, 2004
5. M.E.Al-Mualla, C. N. Canagarajah and D. R.Bull, ―Video Coding for Mobile
SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
LTPC
3 0 03
ECC458 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 3 CREDITS

Prerequisite
Goal To enable the student to become familiar with satellites and
satellite services.
Objectives Outcome
1. Study the overview of satellite systems 1. Understand the overview of satellite systems in
in relation to other terrestrial systems. relation to other terrestrial systems.
2. Study of satellite orbits and launching. 2. Understand the concepts of satellite orbits and
3. Study of earth segment and space launching.
segment components 3. Understand the concepts of earth segment and space
4. Study of satellite access by various segment components
users. 4. Understand the concepts of satellite access by various
5. Study of DTH and compression users.
standards. 5. Understand the concepts DTH and compression
standards.
UNIT I OVERVIEW OF SATELLITE SYSTEMS, ORBITS AND LAUNCHING METHODS 9

Introduction – Frequency Allocations for Satellite Services – Intelsat – U.S. Domsats – Polar Orbiting
Satellites – Problems – Kepler‘s First Law – Kepler‘s Second Law – Kepler‘s Third Law –Definitions of
Terms for Earth-orbiting Satellites – Orbital Elements – Apogee and Perigee Heights – Orbital
Perturbations – Effects of a Nonspherical Earth – Atmospheric Drag – Inclined Orbits –Calendars –
Universal Time – Julian Dates – Sidereal Time – The Orbital Plane – The Geocentric- Equatorial
Coordinate System – Earth Station Referred to the IJK Frame – The Topcentric-Horizon Co-ordinate
System – The Sub-satellite Point – Predicting Satellite Position.
UNIT II GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT & SPACE SEGMENT 9

Introduction – Antenna Look Angels – The Polar Mount Antenna – Limits of Visibility – Near
Geostationary Orbits – Earth Eclipse of Satellite – Sun Transit Outage – Launching Orbits – Problems
– Power Supply – Attitude Control – Spinning Satellite Stabilization – Momentum Wheel Stabilization
– Station Keeping – Thermal Control – TT&C Subsystem – Transponders – Wideband Receiver –
Input Demultiplexer – Power Amplifier – Antenna Subsystem – Morelos – Anik-E – Advanced Tiros-N
Spacecraft
UNIT III EARTH SEGMENT & SPACE LINK 9

Introduction – Receive-Only Home TV Systems – Outdoor Unit – Indoor Unit for Analog (FM) TV –
Master Antenna TV System – Community Antenna TV System – Transmit-Receive Earth Stations –
Problems – Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power – Transmission Losses – Free- Space Transmission
125
– Feeder Losses – Antenna Misalignment Losses – Fixed Atmospheric and Ionospheric Losses – Link
Power Budget Equation – System Noise – Antenna Noise – Amplifier Noise Temperature – Amplifiers
in Cascade – Noise Factor – Noise Temperature of Absorptive Networks – Overall System Noise
Temperature – Carrier-to-Noise Ratio – Uplink – Saturation Flux Density – Input Back Off – The Earth
Station HPA – Downlink – Output Back off – Satellite TWTA Output – Effects of Rain – Uplink rain-
fade margin – Downlink rain-fade margin – Combined Uplink and Downlink C/N Ratio –
Intermodulation Noise.
UNIT IV SATELLITE ACCESS 9

Single Access – Preassigned FDMA, Demand-Assigned FDMA, SPADE System. Bandwidth limited a
Power-limited TWT amplifier operation, FDMA downlink analysis.
TDMA : Reference Burst; Preamble and Postamble, Carrier recovery, Network synchronization,
unique word detection, Traffic Date, Frame Efficiency and Channel capacity, preassigned TDMA,
Demand assigned TDMA, Speech Interpolation and Prediction, Downlink analysis for Digital
transmission. Companion of uplink Power requirements for FDMA & TDMA. On-board signal
Processing for TDMA / FDMA operation, Satellite switched TDMA. Code-Division Multiple Access –
Direct-Sequence spread spectrum – code signal c(t) – autocorrelation function for c(t) – Acquisition
and tracking – Spectrum spreading and dispreading – CDMA throughput – Problems – Network
Layers – TCP Link – Satellite Links and TCP – Enhancing TCP Over Satellite Channels Using
Standard Mechanisms (RFC-2488) – Requests for comments – Split TCP connections – Asymmetric
Channels – Proposed Systems.
UNIT V DIRECT BROADCAST SATELLITE SERVICES 9

Introduction – Orbital Spacing – Power Rating and Number of Transponders – Frequencies and
Polarization – Transponder Capacity – Bit Rates for Digital Television – MPEG Compression
Standards – Forward Error Correction – Home Receiver Outdoor Unit (ODU) – Home Receiver Indoor
Unit (IDU) – Downlink Analysis – Uplink -Problems - Satellite Mobile Services – VSATs – Radarsat –
Global Positioning Satellite System – Orbcomm.
TOTAL: 45
TEXT BOOK
1. Dennis Roddy, Satellite Communications, McGraw-Hill Publication Third edition 2001
REFERENCES
1. Timothy Pratt – Charles Bostian & Jeremy Allmuti, Satellite Communications, John Willy & Sons
(Asia) Pvt. Ltd. 2004
2. Wilbur L. Pritchars Henri G.Suyder Hond Robert A.Nelson, Satellite Communication Systems
Engineering, Pearson Education Ltd., Second edition 2003.
3. M.Richharia : Satellite Communication Systems (Design Principles Macmillan Press Ltd. Second
Edition 2003.
126
OPTOELECTRONIC DEVICES
LTPC
3 0 0 3
ECC459 OPTOELECTRONIC 3 CREDITS
DEVICES
Prerequisite
Goal To provide basic knowledge of optical signals,
electromagnetic theory and IC fabrication techniques
Objectives Outcome
1. Know the basics of solid state to:
physics and understand the nature 1. Understand the wave nature of light, and the
and characteristics of light, quantum mechanical treatment of light,
2. Understand different methods of 2. Know Electro Luminescence, Injection
luminescence, display devices and Luminescence, Injection Luminescence,
laser types and their applications, Investigate Laser Emission, Absorption,
3. Learn the principle of optical Radiation, Population Inversion, Optical
detection mechanism in different Feedback and threshold condition,
detection devices, 3. Analyze mechanism of operation of Photo
4. Understand different light modulation detector, Thermal detector, Photo Devices,
techniques and the concepts and Photo Conductors, Photo diodes and study
applications of optical switching, their performance,
5. Study the integration process and 4. Know Analog and Digital Modulation, Electro-
application of optoelectronic optic modulators and solve problems related
integrated circuits in transmitters and to Optical Switching and Logic Devices,
receivers. 5. Understand Optical Integrated Circuits (OIC),
Integrated transmitters and receivers.
UNIT I ELEMENTS OF LIGHT AND SOLID STATE PHYSICS 9

Wave nature of light, Polarization, Interference, Diffraction, Light Source, review of
QuantumMechanical concept, Review of Solid State Physics, Review of Semiconductor Physics
andSemiconductor Junction Device.
UNIT II DISPLAY DEVICES AND LASERS 9

Introduction, Photo Luminescence, Cathode Luminescence, Electro Luminescence,
InjectionLuminescence, Injection Luminescence, LED, Plasma Display, Liquid Crystal Displays,
NumericDisplays, Laser Emission, Absorption, Radiation, Population Inversion, Optical Feedback,
Thresholdcondition, Laser Modes, Classes of Lasers, Mode Locking, laser applications.
UNIT III OPTICAL DETECTION DEVICES 9

Photo detector, Thermal detector, Photo Devices, Photo Conductors, Photo diodes,
DetectorPerformance.
UNIT IV OPTOELECTRONIC MODULATOR 9

Introduction, Analog and Digital Modulation, Electro-optic modulators, Magneto Optic
Devices,Acoustoptic devices, Optical, Switching and Logic Devices..
UNIT V OPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 9

Introduction, hybrid and Monolithic Integration, Application of Opto Electronic IntegratedCircuits,
Integrated transmitters and Receivers, Guided wave devices.
TOTAL: 45
TEXT BOOK
1. J. Wilson and J.Haukes, ―Opto Electronics – An Introduction‖, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,New
Delhi, 1995.
127
REFERENCES:
1. Bhattacharya ―Semiconductor Opto Electronic Devices‖, Prentice Hall of India Pvt., Ltd., New
Delhi,1995.
2. Jasprit Singh, ―Opto Electronics – As Introduction to materials and devices‖, McGraw-Hill
International Edition, 1998.
OPTICAL COMMUNICATION
LTPC
3 0 03
ECC460 OPTICAL 3 CREDITS

COMMUNICATION
Prerequisite
Goal To introduce the various optical fiber modes,
configurations and various signal degradation
factors associated with optical fiber and to
study about various optical sources and
optical detectors and their use in the optical
communication system. Finally to discuss
about digital transmission and its associated
parameters on system performance.
Objectives Outcome
able to:
1. Learn the basic elements of optical fiber
transmission link, fiber modes 1. Understand the optical fiber link and fiber
configurations and structures, modes & configurations,
2. Understand the different kind of losses,

signal distortion in optical wave guides 2. Have knowledge in different types of
and other signal degradation factors. losses, signal distortion in optical fibers
Design optimization of SM fibers, RI and design optimization for fibers,
profile and cut-off wave length,
3. Learn the various optical source 3. Know the types of optical sources and
materials, LED structures, quantum fiber networking components,
efficiency, Laser diodes and different
fiber amplifiers, 4. Understand the various optical receivers
and their performance,
4. Learn the fiber optical receivers such as
PIN APD diodes, noise performance in
photo detector, receiver operation and 5. Understand the working of digital
configuration, transmission system, SONET / SDH.
5. Learn digital transmission system,

operational principles WDM.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL FIBERS 9

Evolution of fiber optic system- Element of an Optical Fiber Transmission link- Ray Optics-Optical
Fiber Modes and Configurations –Mode theory of Circular Wave guides- Overview of Modes-Key
Modal concepts- Linearly Polarized Modes –Single Mode Fibers-Graded Index fiber structure,
Photonic Crystal Fibers(PCF) and characteristics
128
UNIT II SIGNAL DEGRADATION OPTICAL FIBERS 9
Attenuation – Absorption losses, Scattering losses, Bending Losses, Core and Cladding losses,
Signal Distortion in Optical Wave guides-Information Capacity determination –Group Delay-Material
Dispersion, Wave guide Dispersion, Signal distortion in SM fibers-Polarization Mode dispersion,
Intermodal dispersion, Pulse Broadening in GI fibers-Mode Coupling –Design Optimization of SM
fibers-RI profile and cut-off wavelength.
UNIT III FIBER OPTICAL SOURCES, COUPLING and OPTICAL NETWORKING COMPONENTS9
Direct and indirect Band gap materials-LED structures –Light source materials –Quantum efficiency
and LED power, Modulation of a LED, lasers Diodes-Modes and Threshold condition –Rate equations
–External Quantum efficiency –Resonant frequencies –Laser Diodes, Temperature effects,
Introduction to Quantum laser, Fiber amplifiers- Power Launching and coupling, Lencing schemes,
Fiber –to- Fiber joints, Fiber splicing, couplers, isolators, circulators, switches and wavelength
converters, MEMS optical switches, MEMS variable optical attenuators, MEMS continuously tunable
lasers.
UNIT IV FIBER OPTICAL RECEIVERS 9
PIN and APD diodes –Photo detector noise, SNR, Detector Response time, Avalanche Multiplication
Noise –Comparison of Photo detectors –Fundamental Receiver Operation – preamplifiers, Error
Sources –Receiver Configuration –Probability of Error – Quantum Limit.
UNIT V DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 9
Point-to-Point links System considerations –Link Power budget –Rise - time budget –Noise Effects on
System Performance-Operational Principles of WDM, Solitons-Erbium-doped Amplifiers. Basic on
concepts of SONET/SDH Network. Passive Optical Networks-FTTH Systems
TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOKS
th
1. Gerd Keiser, ―Optical Fiber Communication‖ McGraw –Hill International, 4 ed., 2010
2. J.Senior, ―Optical Communication, Principles and Practice‖, Third Edition, Prentice Hall of
India, 2009.
3. Ai-Qun Liu.,―Photonics MEMS Devices‖.,CRC Press,Tailor and Francis Group,2009
REFERENCES
1. Optical Communication essentials by Keiser
2. J.Gower, ―Optical Communication System‖, Prentice Hall of India, 2001.
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
LTPC
3 0 0 3
ECC461 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 3 CREDITS

Prerequisite
Goal To provide basic knowledge about embedded systems
design and understand the RTOS concepts
Objectives Outcome
1. Understand the embedded 1. Know the concepts of embedded
systems hardware and processors hardware, software and
software, System on a Chip,
2. Understand the devices and buses 2. Know about the embedded interfacing
used for embedded networking, devices, buses and networking protocols,
3. Understand the programming 3. Know the embedded programming concepts
concepts and embedded in C and C++,
programming in C and C++, 4. Know the concepts of real time operating
4. Understand the real time operating system, inter process communication and
system concepts and inter-task synchronization,
communication, 5. Know the Vx Works RTOS concepts and
5. Understand the Vx Works RTOS functions.
functions.
129
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 9
Definition and Classification – Overview of Processors and hardware units in an embedded system –
Software embedded into the system – Exemplary Embedded Systems – Embedded Systems on a
Chip (SoC) and the use of VLSI designed circuits.
UNIT II DEVICES AND BUSES FOR DEVICES NETWORK 9

I/O Devices - Device I/O Types and Examples – Synchronous - Iso-synchronous and
Asynchronous Communications from Serial Devices - Examples of Internal Serial-Communication
Devices - UART and HDLC - Parallel Port Devices - Sophisticated interfacing features in Devices/
Ports- Timer and Counting Devices - ‗12C‘, ‗USB‘, ‗CAN‘ and advanced I/O Serial high speed buses-
ISA, PCI, PCI-X, cPCI and advanced buses.
UNIT III PROGRAMMING CONCEPTS AND EMBEDDED PROGRAMMING IN C, C++
9
Programming in assembly language (ALP) vs. High Level Language - C Program Elements, Macros
and functions -Use of Pointers - NULL Pointers - Use of Function Calls – Multiple function calls in a
Cyclic Order in the Main Function Pointers – Function Queues and Interrupt Service Routines Queues
Pointers – Concepts of EMBEDDED PROGRAMMING in C++ - Objected Oriented Programming –
Embedded Programming in C++, ‗C‘ Program compilers – Cross compiler – Optimization of memory
codes.
UNIT IV REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS – PART - 1 9

Definitions of process, tasks and threads – Clear cut distinction between functions – ISRs and tasks
by their characteristics – Operating System Services- Goals – Structures- Kernel – Process
Management – Memory Management – Device Management – File System Organization and
Implementation – I/O Subsystems – Interrupt Routines Handling in RTOS, REAL TIME OPERATING
SYSTEMS : RTOS Task scheduling models - Handling of task scheduling and latency and deadlines
as performance metrics – Co-operative Round Robin Scheduling – Cyclic Scheduling with Time
Slicing (Rate Monotonics Co-operative Scheduling) – Preemptive Scheduling Model strategy by a
Scheduler – Critical Section Service by a Preemptive Scheduler – Fixed (Static) Real time scheduling
of tasks - INTER PROCESS COMMUNICATION AND SYNCHRONISATION – Shared data problem –
Use of Semaphore(s) – Priority Inversion Problem and Deadlock Situations – Inter Process
Communications using Signals – Semaphore Flag or mutex as Resource key – Message Queues –
Mailboxes – Pipes – Virtual (Logical) Sockets – Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs).
UNIT V REAL TIME OPERATING SYSTEMS – PART - 2 9

Study of Micro C/OS-II or Vx Works or Any other popular RTOS – RTOS System Level
Functions – Task Service Functions – Time Delay Functions – Memory Allocation Related Functions
– Semaphore Related Functions – Mailbox Related Functions – Queue Related Functions – Case
Studies of Programming with RTOS – Understanding Case Definition – Multiple Tasks and their
functions – Creating a list of tasks – Functions and IPCs – Exemplary Coding Steps.
TOTAL = 45
TEXTBOOK
1. Rajkamal, Embedded Systems Architecture, Programming and Design, TATA McGraw-Hill, Second
Edition-2009.
REFERENCES
1. Steve Heath, Embedded Systems Design, Second Edition-2003, Newnes,
2. David E.Simon, An Embedded Software Primer, Pearson Education Asia, First Indian Reprint 2000.
3. Wayne Wolf, Computers as Components; Principles of Embedded Computing System Design –
Harcourt India, Morgan Kaufman Publishers, First Indian Reprint 2001
4. Frank Vahid and Tony Givargis, Embedded Systems Design – A unified Hardware /Software
Introduction, John Wiley, 2002.
130
MEDICAL IMAGING SYSTEMS
L T P C
3 0 0 3
ECC462 MEDICAL IMAGING 3 CREDITS

SYSTEMS
Prerequisite
Objectives Outcome
to:
6. To Study the Production of X- 6. Understand the clear domain knowledge about the
rays and its applications to various Medical Imaging techniques,
different medical Imaging 7. Demonstrate the various diagnostic applications of
techniques, the medical imaging techniques,
7. To study the different types of
Radio diagnostic techniques,
8. To study the special imaging
techniques used for visualizing
the cross sections of the body,
9. To study the imaging of soft
tissues using ultrasound
technique.
UNIT I PRINCIPLES OF RADIOGRAPHIC EQUIPMENT 8

X-Ray tubes, cooling systems, removal of scatters, Fluoroscopy- construction of image Intensifier
tubes, angiographic setup, mammography, digital radiology, DSA.
UNITII COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY 10
Need for sectional images, Principles of sectional scanning, CT detectors, Methods of reconstruction,
Iterative, Back projection, convolution and Back-Projection. Artifacts, Principle of 3D imaging
UNIT III RADIO ISOTOPIC IMAGING 9
Alpha, Beta and Gamma radiation, Radiation detectors, Radio isotopic imaging equipments, Radio
nuclides for imaging, Gamma ray camera, scanners, Positron Emission tomography, SPECT,PET/CT.
UNIT IV ULTRASONIC SYSTEMS 9
Wave propagation and interaction in Biological tissues, Acoustic radiation fields, continuous and
pulsed excitation, Transducers and imaging systems, Scanning methods, Imaging Modes, Principles
and theory of image generation.
UNIT V MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING 9
NMR, Principles of MRI, Relaxation processes and their measurements, Pulse sequencing and MR
image acquisition, MRI Instrumentation, Functional MRI.
L = 45, T = 0, TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. Peggy, W., Roger D.Ferimarch, MRI for Technologists, Mc Graw Hill, New York, 1995.
nd
2. Steve Webb, The Physics of Medical Imaging, Taylor & Francis group, CRC Press, 2 edition,
2012.
REFERENCES:
1. D.N.Chesney and M.O.Chesney Radio graphic imaging, CBS Publications, New Delhi, 1987.
2. Donald W.McRobbice, Elizabeth A.Moore, Martin J.Grave and Martin R.Prince MRI from
picture to proton ,Cambridge University press, New York 2006.
3. Jerry L.Prince and JnathanM.Links, Medical Imaging Signals and Systems- Pearson
Education Inc. 2006.
131
PATTERN RECOGNITION TECHNIQUES AND APPLICATIONS
L T P C
3 0 0 3
ECC463 PATTERN RECOGNITION 3 CREDITS

TECHNIQUES AND
APPLICATIONS
Prerequisite
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. The objective of this course is to 1. Develop an idea about the fundamentals of
enable the students to Pattern recognition.
understand the fundamentals of 2. Acquire the knowledge of fuzzy systems & its
Pattern recognition, applications,
2. The students should learn to 3. Recent advancements in life science & technology
choose an appropriate feature, using Fuzzy techniques.
pattern classification algorithm
for a pattern recognition problem,
properly implement the
algorithm,
3. To enrich the students
knowledge with fuzzy systems
and its applications.
UNIT I OVERVIEW OF PATTERN RECOGNITION 9

Discriminant functions- Supervised learning - Parametric estimation-Maximum Likelihood estimation -
Bayesian parameter estimation – Problems with Bayes Approach. Non Parametric techniques,
Perceptron Algorithm-LMSE Algorithm- -Pattern classification by distance functions -minimum
distance Pattern classifier.
UNIT II UNSUPERVISED CLASSIFICATION 9
Clustering for unsupervised learning and classification, clustering concepts hierarchical clustering,
Partitional clustering, k- means algorithm - Validity of clustering solutions.
UNIT III FEATURE EXTRACTION AND STRUCTURAL PATTERN RECOGNITION 9
KL Transforms - feature selection through functional approximation - Binary selection Elements of
formal grammars, syntactic description, stochastic grammars, Structural representation.
UNIT IV FUZZY SYSTEMS 9
Fuzzy sets and fuzzy reasoning- fuzzy matrices-fuzzy functions-decomposition –Fuzzy inference
systems Mamdani and Sugeno model, Fuzzy clustering- fuzzy c- means algorithm- fuzzy control
method- fuzzy decision making.
UNIT V RECENT ADVANCES AND APPLICATIONS 9
Principle of neuro fuzzy techniques, Application of PR in image segmentation – CAD system in Breast
cancer detection, ECG signal analysis, Fingerprint identification - Cell cytology classification.
L = 45, T = 0, TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. R. Duda, P.Hart, and D.Stork, Pattern Classification, 2nd edition, John Wiley, New York, 2001.
2. Earl Gose, Richard Johnsonbaugh, Steve Jost, Pattern Recognition and Image analysis, Prentice
Hall of India, New Delhi - 2007.
132
REFERENCES:
1. Robert J. Schalkoff , Pattern recognition: Statistical, Structural and Neural approaches, John
Wiley and Sonslnc, New York, 1992.
2. Morton Nadier and Eric Smith P., Pattern Recognition Engineering, John Wiley and sons, New
York, 1993.
3. Andrew Webb, Statistical Pattern Recognition, Arnold publishers, London, 1999.
4. Donna L. Hudson, Maunee E. Cohan, Neural Networks & Artificial Intelligence for Biomedical
Engineering, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi - 2001.
5. Timothy Ross, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering applications, 2nd Edition John Wiley and sons,
West Sussex,2004.
133
WAVELET TRANSFORMS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
L T P C
3 0 0 3
ECC464 WAVELET 3 CREDITS

TRANSFORMS AND ITS
APPLICATIONS
Prerequisite
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. To introduce the fundamentals 1. The students will be able to apprehend the
concepts of wavelet transforms, detailed knowledge about the Wavelet
2. To study system design using transforms & its applications,
Wavelets,
3. To learn the different wavelet
families & their applications.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO WAVELETS 9

Introduction to Multirate signal processing- Decimation and Interpolation, Quadrature Mirror Filters,
Subband coding, Limitations of Fourier transform, Short time Fourier transform and its drawbacks,
Continuous Wavelet transform, Time frequency representation, Wavelet System and its
characteristics, Orthogonal and Orthonormal functions and function space
UNIT II MULTIRESOLUTION CONCEPT AND DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORM 9
Multiresolution formulation of wavelet systems- signal spaces, scaling function, wavelet function and
its properties, Multiresolution analysis, Haar scaling and wavelet function, Filter banks- Analysis and
Synthesis, 1D and 2D Discrete wavelet transform, Wavelet Packets, Tree structured filter bank,
Multichannel filter bank, Undecimated wavelet transform.
UNIT III WAVELET SYSTEM DESIGN 9
Refinement relation for orthogonal wavelet systems, Restrictions on filter coefficients, Design of
Daubechies orthogonal wavelet system coefficients, Design of Coiflet and Symlet wavelets.
UNIT IV WAVELET FAMILIES 9
Continuous Wavelets- Properties of Mexican hat wavelet, Morlet, Gaussian and Meyer wavelets.
Orthogonal wavelets- Properties of Haar wavelets, Daubechies wavelets, Symlets, Coiflets and
Discrete Meyer wavelets. Properties of Biorthogonal wavelets, Applications of wavelet families.
UNIT V WAVELET APPLICATIONS 9
Denoising of Signals and Images, Image enhancement, Edge detection, Image Fusion, Image
compression, Wavelet based feature extraction, Analysis of phonocardiogram signals, Analysis of
EEG signals, Speech enhancement for hearing aids
L = 45, T = 0, TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. M.Vetterli and J. Kovacevic, Wavelets and sub band coding‗, Dover Publication, 2013.
2. C.SidneyBurrus, Ramesh Gopinath & HaitoGuo, Introduction to wavelets and wavelet transform‗,
Prentice Hall, 1998.
REFERENCES:
1. MetinAkay, Time frequency and wavelets in biomedical signal processing‗, Wiley-IEEE Press,
October 1997.
2. Raguveer m Rao & Ajith S. Bopardikar, Wavelet transforms – Introduction to theory and
nd
applications‗,Addison Wesley, 2 Edition, 2008.
134
3. S.Mallet, ―A Wavelet tour of signal processing‖, Academic Press, 3rd Edition, 2008.
4. G.Strang and T.Nguyen, Wavelet and filter banks‗, Wesley and Cambridge Press.
135
Engineering Electives Courses
INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

LTPC
3 0 03
ECD251 INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 3 CREDITS
Goal To impart knowledge about basic concepts of transmission and reception of signals
and its applications
Objectives Outcome
The course will enable the students to: After completion of the course the students are
expected to be able to:
(i) Know about Basic signals, analog
modulation, and demodulation and (i) Understand the basic concept of
radio receivers. communications.
(ii) Learn the characteristics and model of (ii) Explain digital communication and its
transmission medium. application in telecommunication
(iii) Understand Source digitization, digital (iii) Characterize the different types of transmission
multiplexing and modulation. medium
(iv) Understand Data communication (iv) Describe different types of satellite systems
system and techniques. and solve basic communication problems in
(v) Learn the basics of satellite and optical satellite system
fiber communication systems. (v) Know the latest technology in
telecommunications system
UNIT - I: -MODULATION SYSTEMS 9
Time and frequency domain representation of signals, amplitude modulation and demodulation,
frequency modulation and demodulation, super heterodyne radio receiver- Frequency division
multiplexing- Pulse width modulation.
UNIT- II: -TRANSMISSION MEDIUM 9
Transmission lines – Types, equivalent circuit, losses, standing waves, impedance matching,
bandwidth; radio propagation – Ground wave and space wave propagation, critical frequency,
maximum usable frequency, path loss, white Gaussian noise.
UNIT - III: -DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 9
Pulse code modulation, time division multiplexing, digital T-carrier system. Digital radio system.
Digital modulation: Frequency and phase shift keying – Modulator and demodulator, bit error rate
calculation.
UNIT- IV: -DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK PROTOCOL 9
Data Communication codes, error control. Serial and parallel interface, telephone network, data
modem, ISDN, LAN, ISO-OSI seven layer architecture for WAN.
UNIT - V: -SATELLITE AND OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS 9
Orbital satellites, geostationary satellites, look angles, satellite system link models, satellite system
link equations; advantages of optical fiber communication - Light propagation through fiber, fiber
loss, light sources and detectors.
L = 45 TOTAL = 45
136
TEXT BOOKS
1. Wayne Tomasi, ‗Electronic Communication Systems‘, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition, 2001.
2. Roy Blake, ‗Electronic Communication Systems’, Thomson Delmar, 2nd Edition, 2002.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. William Schweber, ‗Electronic Communication Systems’, Prentice Hall of India, 2002.

2. G. Kennedy, ‗Electronic Communication Systems’, McGraw Hill, 4th edition, 2002.
3. Miller, ‗Modern Electronic Communication‘, Prentice Hall of India, 2003.
LINEAR CIRCUITS
LTPC
3 0 0 3
ECD252 LINEAR CIRCUITS 3 CREDITS
Prerequisite
Goal To teach the basic concepts in the design of electronic circuits using linear circuits and
their applications in the processing of analog signals.
Objectives Outcome
1. Distinguish clearly between ideal and actual
1. Know the Op -amp characteristics and its characteristics of an Op-amp and design
linear applications, different linear circuits using Op-amps.
2. Understand the advantages of using active
2. Study how an Op-Amp can act as a filter filters in place of passive filters and design
on an electrical signal and as a regulator regulators
3. Learn Voltage regulator and some linear 3. Understand different nonlinear applications,
and nonlinear oscillators, 4. Design timer and control circuits using IC555
4. Understand how an operational amplifier and AM and FM detectors using IC565,
can be helpful in signal processing, 5. Apply the knowledge about DAC and ADC and
5. Learn the types and basics of ADC and design simple data convertors
DAC circuits.
.
UNIT I OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER AND ITS APPLICATIONS 9
Ideal and Practical Op-Amp, Op-Amp Characteristics, DC and AC Characteristics, Features of 741
Op-Amp, Modes of Operation - Inverting, Non-Inverting, Differential, Instrumentation Amplifier,
inverting and non-inverting summers, Differentiators and Integrators and Comparators.
UNIT II ACTIVE FILTERS AND REGULATORS 9
Introduction 1st order LPF, HPF filters, Characteristics of Band pass, Band reject and All Pass Filters,
Analysis of 1st order LPF & HPF Butterworth Filters, Introduction to Voltage Regulators, Features of
723 Regulator, Three Terminal Voltage Regulators.
UNIT III OSCILLATORS AND WAVEFORM GENERATORS 9
Oscillator types and principle of operation – RC, Wien and quadrature type, Waveform generators –
triangular, sawtooth, square wave and VCO.
UNIT IV IC-555 & IC 565 APPLICATIONS 9
IC555 Timer - Functional Diagram, Monostable and Astable Operations, Applications- Buzzer & Lamp
controller, IC565 PLL - Block Schematic, Principles and Description of Individual Blocks, Applications-
AM detection and FM detection.
137
UNIT V Data Converters
9
Introduction, Basic DAC techniques, Different types of DACs-Weighted resistor DAC, R-2R ladder
DAC, Different Types of ADCs - Counter Type ADC, Successive Approxiamtion ADC and Dual Slope
ADC, DAC and ADC Specifications.
TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. Ramakant A.Gayakwad, ‗OP-amps and Linear Integrated Circuits‘, Prentice Hall, 2000.
nd
2. D. Roy Chowdhury, Shail Jain, ―Linear Integrated Circuits‖, New Age International (P) Ltd, 2
Edition, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. Paul R. Gray, Paul J. Hurst, Robert G. Meyer, Stephen H. Lewis,‘Analysis And Design Of Analog
th
Integrated Circuits‘, John Wiley & Sons, 4 Edition, 2008.
th
2. William D.Stanely, ‗Operational Amplifiers with Linear Integrated Circuits‘. 4 Edition, Pearson
Education, 2002.
3. Sergio Franco, ‗Design with operational amplifiers and analog integrated circuits‘, Tata McGraw-Hill
Education, 2002.
ANALOG ELECTRONICS
L T P C
3 0 0 3
ECD253 ANALOG ELECTRONICS

3 CREDITS
Goal To impart knowledge on construction, theory, characteristics and applications of

electronic devices, operation of amplifiers, oscillators and special semiconductor
devices.
OBJECTIVES OUTCOMES
to:
1. Understand the Diode operation and its 1. Develop knowledge on the behavior and
applications characteristics of diodes
2. Acquire knowledge about principle, operation,
2. Know about the physical structure, basic input, output characteristics and various
operation of BJT, their characteristics biasing techniques of BJT
and biasing techniques 3. Acquire knowledge about principle, operation,
3. Know about the physical structure, basic input, output characteristics and various
operation of FET, MOSFET their biasing techniques of FET and MOSFET
characteristics and biasing techniques 4. Identify and select a suitable
4. Learn types of feedback amplifiers and amplifier/oscillator for a specific
oscillators application.
5. Study the characteristics of special
semiconductor diodes. 5. Understand the operation of various special
semiconductor diodes.
UNIT I DIODES 9
PN diode : Intrinsic and Extrinsic semiconductors – formation of pn junction – biasing the diode – VI
characteristics of diode – static and dynamic resistance – drift and diffusion currents – transition and
diffusion capacitance - HWR – FWR - diode clipping and clamping circuits, Zener diode and
its characteristics.
138
UNIT II BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTORS 9
Bipolar Junction Transistors : Physical structure – basic operation – the CE connection – Transistor
characteristics and parameters – transistor as an amplifier – transistor as a switch – transistor biasing
– dc load line operating point – bias stability – analysis of various dc bias circuits.
UNIT III FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS 9
Field-Effect Transistors : The JFET - basic operation – JFET characteristics and parameters – JFET
biasing – The MOSFET – basic operation – MOSFET characteristics and parameters – MOSFET
biasing – MOSFET as an analog switch.
UNIT IV FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS AND OSCILLATORS 9

Feedback amplifiers: General feedback structure – properties of negative feedback – basic feedback
topologies – stability of feedback circuits – gain and phase margins.
Oscillators: Oscillator principles – Hartley, Colpitts, Clapp, Phase shift, Wien bridge and Crystal
oscillators and their analysis and design.
UNIT V SPECIAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES 9
(Qualitative Treatment only)
SCR characteristics and two transistor equivalent model – UJT – Diac and Triac – Laser, CCD,
Photodiode, Phototransistor, Photoconductive and Photovoltaic cells – LED, LCD.
TOTAL: 45
TEXT BOOKS
th
1. Thomas L. Floyd, Electronic Devices, Pearson Education, 6 Edition, 2002.
2. Millman and Halkias, ―Electron devices and circuits‖, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi, 3rd Edition,
2010.
3. S. Salivahanan, N. Suresh kumar and A. Vallavanraj, ―Electronic Devices and Circuits‖,Tata

nd
McGraw Hill, 2 Edition, (2008).
4. Albert Malvino, David J.Bates, Electronic Principles, Tata McGraw-Hill, 7th Ed., 2007.
th
5. Ramakant A. Gayakwad, OP-AMPS and Linear Integrated Circuits, Prentice Hall of India, 4
Edition.
REFERENCE BOOKS
th
1. David A.Bell, Electronic Devices and Circuits, Prentice Hall of India, 4 Edition, 2003.
th
2. Robert Boylestad, Louis Nashelsky, Electron Devices and Circuit Theory, Pearson Education, 9
Edition, 2007.
139
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS
L T P C
3 0 0 3
ECD254 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS 3 CREDITS

Prerequisite
To learn the basic methods and provide the fundamental concepts used in the design of
Goal
digital systems.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to: At the end of the course the student are able to:
1. perform binary arithmetic, generate codes

1. Learn number systems, binary arithmetics
and code generation,
2. Use Boolean postulates and theorems, different
2. Gain knowledge of Boolean expressions, graphical methods for the simplification of complex
Boolean postulates and theorems, logical expressions,
minimization
3. Use the design methodology for combinational
logic circuits to realize digital systems, HDL
3. Understand the procedures for the analysis implementation
and design of combinational circuits, HDL
4. Learn about sequential circuits, and its 4. capable of designing the sequential circuits
design
5. Provide knowledge of the concept of 5. Realization of memory, design using PAL and
memories and programmable logic devices. PLA, understanding FPGA
UNIT I NUMBER SYSTEMS AND CODES 9

Introduction to Number Systems, Positional Number Systems and conversions: binary, octal,
hexadecimal, decimal, Binary codes: gray code, excess-3 code, 8421 code and 2421 code,
Alphanumeric codes: ASCII code, EBCDIC code, Binary arithmetic: addition, subtraction using 1‘s
complement and 2‘s complement ,
UNIT II BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS AND MINIMIZATION 9

Logic Gates, POS and SOP, Boolean postulates and Demorgan‘s theorms for minimization,
Karnaugh maps and Quine McClusky‘s method of minimization and their comparison.
UNIT III ARITHMETIC AND COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS 9

Design of Adders and Subtractors – Binary parallel adders, Parallel subtractors, Binary decoders,
encoders, Multiplexers and Demultiplexers- Introduction to Hardware Description Language (HDL
Arithmetic Module Only])
UNIT IV SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS 9
Flip flops – functions of SR, JK, D, T and Master–Slave flip flops, Characteristic table and excitation
table – Shift registers – Counters – Synchronous and Asynchronous counters – Modulo-N counters,
Up/Down counters
UNIT V MEMORIES AND PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES 9
Introduction to memories –RAM organization – Read and Write operation–ROM organization – PROM
–EPROM –EEPROM –EAPROM –Programmable Logic Devices –Programmable Logic Array (PLA)-
Programmable Array Logic (PAL), implementation of boolean functions using PLA and PAL,
Introduction to Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA).
L = 45, TOTAL=45
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Morris Mano, ―Digital design‖, 3 rd Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2008.
140
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Milos Ercegovac, Jomas Lang, ―Introduction to Digital Systems‖, Wiley publications, 1998.
2. John M. Yarbrough, ―Digital logic: Applications and Design‖, Thomas – Vikas Publishing House,
2002.
th
3. R.P.Jain, ―Modern digital Electronics‖,4 Edition, TMH, 2010.
4. William H. Gothmann, ―Digital Electronics‖, Prentice Hall, 2001.
ECD255 BASICS OF DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

L T P C
3 0 0 3
Course Objective
This course will provide the student with an intuitive and practical understanding of the fundamental
concepts of discrete-time signal processing. The intended audience include: All engineering senior -
level undergraduates; Students in related fields which may require a technical understanding of the
fundamentals used in digital signal processing; industry-based students requiring a foundation in
discrete-time systems. The intention is to also provide the student with the necessary background for
taking advanced level courses in signal and image processing, and ideally, for reading technical
literature in DSP. Further, computer simulation exercises are intended to familiarize the student with
implementation aspects and the application of theoretical knowledge to practical problems.
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to:
CLO1: characterize discrete time signals and LTI signal processing systems mathematically.
CLO2: analyze the functions performed by simple discrete-time systems.
CLO3: Develop the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) over time domain signals, its applications and its
implementation by FFT techniques.
CLO4:apply the design techniques for FIR type digital filters known as the ―windowing method‖.
CLO5: design IIR type digital filters over the given specifications.
UNIT I Introduction to Signal and Systems 9

Basic Signals and Systems – properties and basic operations-1-D Signals and Filters - Random
Signals - Multi-dimensional Signals – Analog and Digital signals and their conversion techniques-
Convolution process, Filtering process, Z-transform concepts
UNIT II Time domain analysis and Characteristics 9

Correlation and Discrete sequences: notation, signal characteristics, and operations Discrete linear
time invariant systems -Properties and analysis of discrete linear time invariant systems Periodic
sampling: aliasing and low pass filtering
UNIT III Frequency domain Analysis 9
Discrete Fourier transforms (DFT) DFT properties: symmetry, linearity, magnitudes, frequency axis,
and shifting Inverse DFT - Fast Fourier transform (FFT): relationship to DFT, implementation
considerations, radix-2 algorithm, and input/output indexing FFT: butterfly algorithm structures
UNIT IV FIR filter design 9
FIR filters – Introduction-Basic properties-Design using Hamming, Hanning Windows - Realization of
FIR filters
UNIT V IIR filter design 9
Review of design of analogue Butterworth Filters, - Design of IIR digital filters using impulse
invariance technique - Realization using direct, cascade and parallel forms.
TOTAL : 45
141
References
1. Richard G. Lyons, Understanding Digital Signal Processing, Third edition, Prentice-Hall, 2011.
2.Introduction to Digital Signal Processing, J.Proakis & E. Manolakis, MacMillan, 2007 (4 th Edition)
3. S.Salivahanan, A. Vallavaraj, C. Gnanapriya, Digital Signal Processing, TMH/McGraw Hill
International, 2007
4.E.C. Ifeachor and B.W. Jervis, " Digital signal processing - A practicalapproach",Second edition,
Pearson, 2002.
ECD256 -DATA COMMUNICATION AND NETWORK SYSTEM
AIM
To study the details regarding communication of voice and video, networks and its functions, data
conversions, controlling of errors, switching information and its devices, internetworking device and
different layers of TCP/IP.
OBJECTIVES
i. To study about the physical arrangement of networks, types and modes of networks, data
conversions and transmission medium.
ii. To study the detection and correction of errors, link control and link protocols of data link layer.
iii. To study the access method, electrical specification and implementation of
different networks, types of switching.
iv. To study about the standardized data interface and it‘s working principle.
v. To study the logic of link mechanisms used in networks and different layers of TCP/IP.
UNIT I. DATA COMMUNICATION 9

Introduction: Networks – Protocols and standards – Standards organizations – Line configurations –
Topology – Transmission mode – Categories of networks – OSI model: Functions of the layers.
Transmission media: Guided media – Unguided media
UNIT II ERROR CONTROL AND DATA LINK PROTOCOLS 9

Error detection and correction: Types of errors – Detection – Vertical Redundancy Check (VRC) –
Longitudinal Redundancy Check (LRC) – Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) – Check sum – Error
correction.
Data link control: Line discipline – Flow control – Error control.
UNIT III NETWORKS AND SWITCHING 9

LAN: Project 802 – Ethernet – Token bus – Token ring – FDDI.MAN: IEEE 802.6 (DQDB) – SMDS.
Switching: Circuit switching – Packet switching – Message switching.
UNIT IV X.25, FRAME RELAY, ATM AND SONET/ SDH 9

X.25: X.25 Layers. Frame relay: Introduction – Frame relay operation – Frame relay layers –
Congestion control – Leaky bucket algorithm – Traffic control. ATM: Design goals – ATM architecture
– ATM layers – ATM applications.SONET / SDH: Synchronous transport signals – Physical
configuration – SONET layers – Applications.
UNIT V NETWORKING DEVICES AND TCP / IP PROTOCOL SUITE 9

Networking and internetworking devices: Repeaters – Bridges – Gateways – Other devices – Routing
algorithms – Distance vector routing – Link state routing.TCP / IP protocol suite: Overview of TCP/IP.
Application layer: Domain Name System (DNS) – Telnet – File Transfer Protocol (FTP) – Trivial File
Transfer Protocol (TFTP) – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) – Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMP).
Total = 45
142
TEXT BOOK
1. Behrouz A.Forouzan, ‗Data Communication and Networking‘, Second Edition, Tata McGraw Hill,
2000.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1.William Stallings, ‗Data and Computer Communication‘, 8th Edition, Pearson Education, 2003 / PHI.
2. Andrew Tannenbaum.S. ‗Computer Networks‘, Pearson Education, 4th Edition, 2003 / PHI.
MICROPROCESSORS AND EMBEDDED CONTROLLER

LTPC
3 0 0 3
ECD257 MICROPROCESSORS AND 3 CREDITS

EMBEDDED CONTROLLER
Prerequisite
Goal To learn the architecture programming and interfacing of
microprocessors and Microcontrollers.
Objectives Outcome
students to: 4. 1. Understand the architecture, instruction set and
1. Study 8085 architecture programming of 8085
2. Study 8086 architecture 2.Understand the architecture, Interrupts and memory interfacing
3. Learn 8086 programming of 8086
4. Study Interfacing concepts 3.Program arithmetic and data manipulation using 8086
5. Study 8051 Microcontroller 4.Understand interfacing concepts using 8085
and ARM processor. 5. Understand the architecture, instruction set of 8051 and ARM
processor.
UNIT I 8085 MICROPROCESSOR 9

8085 Architecture – Instruction set – Addressing modes – Assembly language programming
– 8 bit arithmetic – Interrupts.
UNIT II 8086 MICROPROCESSOR 9

Functional block diagram –signals – Memory interfacing – Interrupt structure.
UNIT III PROGRAMMING OF 8086 PROCESSOR 9

Instruction format and addressing modes – Assembly language format – Data transfer, data
Manipulation, control and string instructions –Simple Programming
UNIT IV PHERIPHERAL INTERFACING 9

Study of Architecture and programming of ICs: 8279, 8255 PPI, 8251 USART and 8253
2
Timer/Counter –Inter Integrated Circuits (I C)
UNIT V MICRO CONTROLLER AND ARM 9

Functional block diagram 8051– Instruction format and addressing modes – Interrupt structure –
Timer – I/O ports, The ARM7 architecture – ARM7 organization and implementation - The ARM7
instruction set
L = 45, TOTAL = 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. Ramesh S. Gaonkar, ―Microprocessor – Architecture, Programming and Applications with the

8085‖, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall.,2002.
2. A K Ray and K M Burchandi ―Advanced Microprocessor and Peripherals‖ Tata McGraw Hill –
2006
143
3. Muhammad Ali Mazidi& Janice GilliMazidi, ‗The 8051 Micro Controller and Embedded
th
Systems‘, Pearson Education, 5 Indian reprint, 2003.
4. Steave Furber, "ARM system- on – chip architecture",AddisonWesley,2000.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. William Kleitz, ‗Microprocessor and Micro Controller Fundamental of 8085 and 8051
Hardware and Software‘, Pearson Education, 1998.
2. Programming and Customizing the 8051 Microcontroller
ECD351- MOBILE COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

LTPC
3 0 03
ECD351 MOBILE COMMUNICATION 3 CREDITS

ENGINEERING
Prerequisite
Goal To enable the student to understand the real time
wireless communication
Objectives Outcome
1. Understand the concept of Existing to:
mobile Communication technology and 1. Know the Current issues for Mobile
current Status, communication,
2. Understand the concept of Different 2. Know the concept of Bit error rate in
modulation Techniques, Different modulation Techniques,
3. Understand the concept of Types of 3. Know the different types of coding and
Coding. reduction of the bit rate.
4. Understand the concept of Wireless 4. Know the concept of various wireless
Network and standards Network,
5. Understand B3G mobile 5. Know about B3G Systems
Communication
UNIT I OVERVIEW OF CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION AND CELLULAR CONCEPT

9
Overview to wireless communication: Evolution & Generation of mobile communication. Existing
mobile communication technology and current Status. Cellular Concept: Frequency reuse, channel
assignment, hand off, Interference and system Capacity, tracking and grade of service, Improving
Coverage and capacity in Cellular systems
UNIT II MODULATION TECHNIQUES 9

Modulation Techniques: Minimum Shift Keying, Gauss ion MSK, M-ary QAM, M-ary FSK,MIMO-
OFDM
UNIT III CODING AND MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES 9

Coding: Vocoders, Linear Predictive Coders, Selection of Speech Coders for Mobile Communication,
GSM Codec, RS codes for CDPD. Multiple Access Techniques: FDMA, TDMA,CDMA, SDMA,
Capacity of Cellular CDMA and SDMA.
UNIT IV WIRELESS NETWORKS AND STANDARDS 9

Second and Third Generation Wireless Networks and Standards,WLL,Bluetooth,AMPS, GSM,VoIP
service for Mobile Networks, GPRS,IS-95 and DECT.
UNIT V BEYOND 3G MOBILE COMMUNICATION 9

Archutectures,Operations ,Features and application of Wi-Fi,WiMax, LTE
TOTAL = 45
144
TEXT BOOK
1. T.S.Rappaport, ―Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Second Edition, Pearson
Education/ Prentice Hall of India, Third Indian Reprint 2003.
REFERENCES
1. R. Blake, ― Wireless Communication Technology‖, Thomson Delmar, 2003.
2. W.C.Y.Lee, "Mobile Communications Engineering: Theory and applications, Second Edition,
McGraw-Hill International, 1998.
3. Stephen G. Wilson, ― Digital Modulation and Coding‖, Pearson Education,
4. Jochen Schiller, Mobile Communications, Person Education – 2003, 2nd Edn.
ECD352 RADAR AND OPTICAL COMMUNICATION
L T P C
3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVE
1. To expose the students to the basics of signal propagation through optical fibers, fiber
impairments, components , devices and system design.
2. Learn the various optical source materials and optical receivers
3. Learn digital transmission system, operational principles of WDM
4. To study about the radar equations , its principles and different types of radars
5. To apply pulsed Doppler radar principle and to understand tracking radars through pulsed
wave form
COURSE OUTCOMES
Students are able to

1. CO1: classify the structures of Optical fiber, types and discuss the channel impairments
like losses and dispersion
2. CO2: classify the Optical sources and detectors and to discuss their principle.
3. CO3: familiar with Design considerations of fiber optic system
4. CO4: Know the block diagram of a simple pulse radar and description of the various blocks
and different types of radar
5. CO5: know the Principles of Pulsed Doppler Radar, Spectral Charities of a Pulsed
Waveform.
UNIT IINTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL FIBERS&SIGNAL DEGRADATION 9
Structure, Wave guiding- Step-index and graded index optical fibers-Modal analysis-Classification of
modes-Single Mode Fibers-Pulse dispersion-Material and waveguide dispersion-Polarization Mode
Dispersion-Absorption, scattering and bending losses- Dispersion Shifted Fibers-Dispersion
Compensating Fibers.
UNIT II FIBRE OPTICAL COUPLING ,SOURCES AND RECEIVERS 9

Optical Power Launching and Coupling- Lensing schemes for coupling improvement-Fiber-to-fiber
joints.Splicingtechniques- Optical fiber connectors- Optical sources and detectors-Laser
fundamentals.Semiconductor Laser basics- LEDs,PIN and Avalanche photodiodes- Optical Tx/Rx
Circuits.
UNIT III DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS 9

Design considerations of fiber optic systems- Analog and digital modulation- Noise in detection
process.-Bit error rate- Optical receiver operation.-Power Budget and Rise time Budget- WDM.
UNIT IV RADAR PRINCIPLES 9

Radar system- Simple form of radar equation- Radar block diagram- radar frequencies- Prediction of
range performance- minimum detectable signal- receiver noise- pulse reception- frequency and range
ambiguities- antenna parameter – Doppler effect- system losses and propagation effects.
145
UNIT V TYPES AND AIRBORNE PULSED DOPPLER RADAR 9
CW Radar – Simple CW radar- Intermediate frequency CW radar- FM- CW radar- FM- CW

altimeter- Multiple frequency CW radar- Pulse Doppler MTI radars- Delay line canceller- blind speed
tracking radar- A scope and PPI display
TOTAL : 45
Text Books
1. G.Keiser, “Optical Fiber Communications (5/e)”, McGraw Hill ,2013.
2. G.P.Agarwal, “Fiber Optic Communication Systems”, (3/e), Wiley, 2002.
3. M.I. Skolnik, Introduction to Radar System (Second Edition) McGraw Hill, 1980.
4. M.I. Skolnik, Radar Hand book (Second Edition) McGraw Hill, 1990.
Reference Books
1. M.M.K.Liu, “Principles and Applications of Optical Communications”, Tata McGeaw Hill, 2010.
2. A.Ghatak&K.Thygarajan, “Introduction to Fiber Optics”, Cambridge, 1999.
3. J.Gowar, “Optical Communication Systems”, (2/e), PHI, 2001.
4. A.Selvarajan, S.Kar and T.Srinivas, “Optical Fiber Communication Principles and Systems”, Tata
McGraw Hill, 2002.
5. Guy V. Morris, Linda L. Harkness, Airborne Pulsed Doppler Radar, Second Edition, Artech House
Publishers, 1996.
ECD353 PROGRAMMING IN MATLAB

L T P C
3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To understand basic representation of Matrices and vectors in MATLAB
To learn various programming structures in MATLAB
To study built in and user defined functions in MATLAB.
To become conversant with 2D as well as 3D graphics in MATLAB
To make a Graphical User Interface (GUI) in Matlab in order to achieve interactivity
To Design simple Applications with Simulink (mdl files) and (M files) MATLAB.
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TO MATLAB 9

Menus & Tool bars, Variables - Matrices and Vectors - initializing vectors - Data types- Functions –
User defined functions - passing arguments - writing data to a file-reading data from a file - using
functions with vectors and matrices- cell arrays & structures - Strings - 2D strings-String comparing -
Concatenation - Input and Output statements - Script files .
UNIT 2 LOOPS& CONTROL STATEMENTS 9

Introduction; Relational & Logical operations - Example programs - Operator precedence - Control &
Decision statements- IF - IF ELSE - NESTED IF ELSE - SWITCH - TRY & CATCH - FOR -WHILE -
NESTED FOR - FOR with IF statements, MATLAB program organization, Debugging methods - Error
trapping using eval & lastern commands.
UNIT 3 PLOTS IN MATLAB & GUI 9

Basic 2D plots, Labels, Line style, Markers, plot, subplot, LOG, LOG-LOG, SEMILOG-POLAR-
COMET, Grid axis, labeling, fplot, ezplot, ezpolar, polyval, exporting figures, HOLD, STEM, BAR,
HIST, Interactive plotting, Basic Fitting Interface – Polyfit - 3D plots – Mesh - Contour - Example
programs. GUI - Creation Fundamentals – Capturing mouse actions
UNIT 4 MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS 9

File & Directory management - Native Data Files - Data import & Export - Low Level File I/O –
Directory management - FTP File Operations - Time Computations -Date & Time – Format
Conversions - Date & Time, Functions - Plot labels - Optimization - zero Finding - Minimization in one
Dimension - Minimization in Higher Dimensions- Practical Issues. Differentiation & Integration using
MATLAB, 1D & 2D Data Interpolation
146
UNIT 5 SIMULINK & APPLICATIONS 9
How to create & run Simulink, Simulink Designing - Using SIMULINK Generating an AM signal & 2nd
ordersystems - Designing of FWR & HWR using Simulink - Creating a subsystem in Simulink.
Applications Programs -Frequency response of FIR & IIR filters. Open Loop gain of OPAMP, I/P
characteristics of BJT, Plotting the graph between Breakdown voltage & Doping Concentration. PCM,
DPCM.
TOTAL= 45
TEXT / REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Rudra Pratap, ―Getting Started with MATLAB 6.0‖ ,1st Edition, Oxford University Press-2004.
2. Duane Hanselman ,Bruce LittleField, ―Mastering MATLAB 7‖ , Pearson Education Inc, 2005
3. William J.Palm, ―Introduction to MATLAB 6.0 for Engineers‖, Mc Graw Hill & Co, 2001
4. M.Herniter, ―Programming in MATLAB‖, Thomson Learning, 2001
5. John Okyere Altla, ―Electronics and circuit analysis using MATLAB‖ - CRC press, 1999
6. K.K.Sharma, ―MATLAB Demustifyied‖ -Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd.
7. K.C.Ravindaranath, ―Systems Modelling & Simulation‖
ECD354 IMAGE PROCESSING AND PATTERN RECOGNITION

LTPC
3 0 0 3
Course Learning Objectives:
This subject aims to teach the students how a computer can emulate functions typical of human vision
and enable them:
1. To be familiar with Image model, digital image representation, properties of human visual
system, various applications.
2. Different image processing operations for improving image quality through enhancement,
restoration and filtering etc.
3. Image segmentation for partitioning into objects and background and mathematical
morphology.
4. Fundamentals of pattern recognition.
5. Familiar with the various estimation methods.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course the student will be able to
1. Get adequate background knowledge about image processing.

2. Get adequate background knowledge in image pre-processing techniques.
3. Get practical knowledge and skills about image segmentation methods and morphology. .
4. Get basic knowledge and skills about pattern recognition tools.
5. Get necessary knowledge to design and implement a prototype of an image processing and
pattern recognition application.
UNIT-I DIGITAL IMAGEFUNDAMENTALS 9
Elements of visual perception, steps in digital image processing, applications of image processing,
image function, image representation, basic relationship between pixels, sampling, quantization, color
images, metrics and topological properties of digital images, image quality, noise image.
147
UNIT-II IMAGE PREPROCESSING 9
Pixel brightness transformation, position dependent brightness correction, gray scale transformation;
geometric transformation, local pre-processing, spatial filtering: smoothing, sharpening filters,
frequency domain filters: smoothing, sharpening filters, edge detectors, zero-crossing, various edge
detection methods, parametric images, local preprocessing and adaptive neighborhood
preprocessing, image restoration- in the presence of noise only spatial filtering.
UNIT-III IMAGE SEGMENTATION & MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY 9
Threshold detection methods, optimal thresholding, global thresholding, adaptive thresholding, edge
based image segmentation- edge linking and boundary detection, region based segmentation.
Basic morphological concepts, four morphological principles, binary dilation, erosion, Hit or miss
transformation, opening and closing; thinning and skeleton algorithms; Morphological segmentation.
UNIT-IV BASICS OF PATTERN RECOGNITION & UNSUPERVISED LEARNING 9

Bayesian decision theory, classifiers, discriminant functions, decision surfaces, normal density and
discriminant functions, discrete features.
Unsupervised learning and clustering, criterion functions for clustering, K-means and hierarchical
clustering, cluster validation.
UNIT-V PARAMETRIC AND NON-PARAMETRIC ESTIMATION METHODS 9

Maximum likelihood estimation, Gaussian mixture models, expectation – maximization method,
Bayesian estimation.
K-nearest neighbor method, linear discriminant functions based classifiers, support vector machines.
TOTAL = 45 Periods
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Rafel C. Gonzalez, Richard E. Woods, ―Digital Image Processing‖, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education,
2008.
2. Millan Sonka, Vaclav Hiavac, Roger Boyle, ―Image Processing Analysis and Machine Vision‖, 3rd
Edition, CL Engineering, 2013.
3. A.K. Jain, ―Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing‖, PHI, 1998
REFERENCES:
1. Julus T. Tou , Rafel C. Gonzalez, Addision, ―Pattern Recognition Principles‖, 1st Edition, Wesley
publishing company.
2. Earl Gose, Richard Johnsonbaugh, ―Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis‖, 1st Edition, Prentice
Hall of India Private limited, 2009.
148
DIGITAL DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION USING HDL & VHDL
LTPC
3 0 0 3
DIGITAL DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION USING

ECD355 HDL & VHDL 3 CREDITS
Prerequisite
Goal To learn VHDL and to describe the digital system design using VHDL.
Objectives Outcome
to:
1. To Learn basic Concepts in VHDL 1. Summarize and make us of VHDL language to
2. To Learn VHDL functions and File handling write code for simple logic circuits.
concept. 2. Make use of the concepts and describe digital
3. Provide knowledge about the functionality of system using VHDL.
combinational circuit.. 3. Design of combination logic circuit using VHDL.
4. Learn about sequential circuits and state 4. Design of sequential logic circuit using VHDL.
diagram implementation of digital circuits. 5. Design of programmable device using VHDL.
5. Provide knowledge of programmable logic
devices.
UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO VHDL 9

Introduction to VHDL, design units, data objects, signal drivers, inertial and transport delays, delta
delay, VHDL data types, concurrent and sequential statements.
UNIT II: VHDL FUNCTIONS AND FLIE HANDLING 9

Subprograms – Functions, Procedures, attributes, generio, generate, package, IEEE standard logic
library, file I/O, test bench, component declaration, instantiation, configuration.
UNIT III: COIMBINATION CIRCUIT DESIGN USING VHDL 9

Combinational logic circuit design and VHDL implementation of following circuits – first adder,
Subtractor, decoder, encoder, multiplexer, ALU, barrel shifter, 4X4 key board encoder, multiplier,
divider, Hamming code encoder and correction circuits.
UNIT IV: SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT DESIGN USING VHDL 9

Synchronous sequential circuits design – finite state machines, Mealy and Moore, state assignments,
design and VHDL implementation of FSMs, Linear feedback shift register (Pseudorandom and CRC)
UNIT V: PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICES 9

Asynchronous sequential circuit design – primitive flow table, concept of race, critical race and
hazards, Programmable logic devices: PLAs, PALs, CPLDs and FPGA. Design implementation using
CPLDs and FPGAs.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. "A VHDL Primmer‖: Bhasker; Prentice Hall 1995.
2. Charles H. Roth Jr, ―Fundamentals of Logic Design‖, Fifth Edition – Jaico Publishing House,
Mumbai, 2003.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Morris Mano M. and Michael D. Ciletti, ―Digital Design‖, IV Edition, Pearson Education, 2008.
2. Digital Design and Modeling with VHDL and Synthesis : KC Chang; IEEE Computer Society Press.
3. "VHDL-Analysis & Modelling of Digital Systems‖ : Navabi Z; McGraw Hill.
4. VHDL-IV Edition :Perry; TMH (2002)
149
ECD356 -BASICS OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
LTPC
3003
AIM
To enable the student to become familiar with satellites and satellite services.
OBJECTIVES
 Overview of satellite systems in relation to other terrestrial systems.
Study of satellite orbits and launching.
Study of earth segment and space segment components
 Study of satellite access by various users.
Study of DTH and compression standards.
UNIT I SATELLITE ORBITS 8

Kepler‘s Laws, Newton‘s law, orbital parameters, orbital perturbations, station keeping,
geo stationary and non-Geo-stationary orbits – Look Angle Determination- Limits of
visibility –eclipse-Sub satellite point –Sun transit outage-Launching Procedures -
launch vehicles and propulsion.
UNIT II SPACE SEGMENT AND SATELLITE LINK DESIGN 12

Spacecraft Technology- Structure, Primary power, Attitude and Orbit control, Thermal
control and Propulsion, communication Payload and supporting subsystems, Telemetry,
Tracking and command. Satellite uplink and downlink Analysis and Design, link budget,
E/N calculation- performance impairments-system noise, inter modulation and
interference, Propagation Characteristics and Frequency considerations- System
reliability and design lifetime.
UNIT III SATELLITE ACCESS: 10

Modulation and Multiplexing: Voice, Data, Video, Analog – digital transmission system,
Digital video Brocast, multiple access: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, Assignment Methods,
Spread Spectrum communication, compression – encryption
UNIT IV EARTH SEGMENT 5

Earth Station Technology-- Terrestrial Interface, Transmitter and Receiver, Antenna
Systems TVRO, MATV, CATV, Test Equipment Measurements on G/T, C/No, EIRP,
Antenna Gain.
UNIT V SATELLITE APPLICATIONS 10

INTELSAT Series, INSAT, VSAT, Mobile satellite services: GSM, GPS, INMARSAT,
LEO, MEO, Satellite Navigational System. Direct Broadcast satellites (DBS)- Direct to
home Broadcast (DTH), Digital audio broadcast (DAB)- Worldspace services, Business
TV(BTV), GRAMSAT, Specialized services – E –mail, Video conferencing, Internet
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Dennis Roddy, ‗Satellite Communication‘, McGraw Hill International, 4th Edition, 2006.
2. Wilbur L. Pritchard, Hendri G. Suyderhoud, Robert A. Nelson, ‗SatelliteCommunication Systems
Engineering‘, Prentice Hall/Pearson, 2007.
REFERENCES
1. N.Agarwal, ‗Design of Geosynchronous Space Craft, Prentice Hall, 1986.
2. Bruce R. Elbert, ‗The Satellite Communication Applications‘ Hand Book, ArtechHouseBostan
London, 1997.
3. Tri T. Ha, ‗Digital Satellite Communication‘, II edition, 1990.
150
4. Emanuel Fthenakis, ‗Manual of Satellite Communications‘, McGraw Hill Book Co.,1984.
5. Robert G. Winch, ‗Telecommunication Trans Mission Systems‘, McGraw-Hill BookCo., 1983.
6. Brian Ackroyd, ‗World Satellite Communication and earth station Design‘, BSPprofessional Books,
1990.
7. G.B.Bleazard, ‗ Introducing Satellite communications NCC Publication, 1985.
8. M.Richharia, ‗Satellite Communication Systems-Design Principles‖,Macmillan 2003
ECD451 FUNDAMENTALS OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

L T P C
3 0 0 3
FUNDAMENTALS OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS 3 CREDITS

ECD451
Prerequisite
Introduce the students to the diverse literature on sensor networks, and expose them to
Goal
the fundamental issues in designing and analyzing sensor network
Objectives Outcome
1. Describe the current technology trends and
unique issuesfor the implementation in 1. Explain the basic wireless sensor technology
sensor networks and its applications.
2. Learn the concept of MAC protocols the 2. Explain the MACprotocols of WSN.
sensor networks 3. Explain the challenges in designing routing
3. Learn routing stragies and design issues in protocols and routing techniques in WSN
WSN 4. Understand the operating system of WSN and
4. Understand the various tools and its components
programming challenges for simulating a 5. Explain the working models and performance
environment for sensor systems using of a WSN.
Motes.
5. Understand design issues performance
and traffic management of WSN
Unit 1 :Introduction and Overview of Wireless Sensor Networks

Introduction, Brief Historical Survey of Sensor Networks, and Background of Sensor Network
Technology, Ah-Hoc Networks, Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks: Sensor and Robots,
Reconfigurable Sensor Networks, Highway Monitoring, Military Applications, Civil and Environmental
Engineering Applications, Wildfire Instrumentation, Habitat Monitoring, Home Control, Basic Wireless
Sensor Technology : Introduction, Sensor Node Technology, Sensor Taxonomy, WN Operating
Environment, WN Trends, Wireless Network Standards: IEEE 802.15.4, ZigBee.
Unit 2 : Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Fundamentals of MAC Protocols, MAC Protocols for WSNs: Schedule-Based Protocols, Random
Access-Based Protocols.
Unit 3 : Routing Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks

Data Dissemination and Gathering, Routing Challenges and Design Issues in Wireless Sensor
Networks Network Scale and Time-Varying Characteristics, Resource Constraints, Sensor
Applications Data Models, Routing Strategies in Wireless Sensor Networks: WSN Routing
Techniques, Flooding and Its Variants, Sensor Protocols for Information via Negotiation, Low-Energy
Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy, Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems, Directed
Diffusion, Geographical Routing,
Unit 4: Operating Systems for Wireless Sensor Networks

Operating System Design Issues, Example of Operating Systems,(TinyOS), Introduction to Tiny OS –
NesC – Interfaces and Modules- Configurations and Wiring - Generic Components .
151
Unit 5 : Performance and Traffic Management of Wireless Sensor Networks
WSN Design Issues, MAC Protocols, Routing Protocols, Transport Protocols, Performance
Modeling of WSNs, Performance Metrics, Basic Models, Network Models,
TEXT BOOKS
1. Kazem Sohraby, Daniel Minoli and Taieb Znati, ― Wireless Sensor Networks Technology,
Protocols, and Applications―, John Wiley & Sons, 2007.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1.K. Akkaya and M. Younis, ―A survey of routing protocols in wireless sensor networks‖, Elsevier Ad
Hoc Network Journal, Vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 325--349
2.Philip Levis, ― TinyOS Programming‖
3.Anna Ha´c, ―Wireless Sensor Network Designs‖, John Wiley & Sons Ltd,
4. Holger Karl and Andreas Willig, ―Protocols and Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks‖, John
Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005.
TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING TECHNIQUIES
L T P C
3 0 0 3
ECD452 TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING 3 CREDITS

TECHNIQUIES
Prerequisite
Goal To introduce fundamental functions of a telecom
switching office and analysis of telecommunication traffic.
Objectives Outcome
to: 1. Understand the concepts of
1. Learn the concepts of different message,circuit,manual,2-D switching
switching. 2. Understand the concepts of different stages
2. Learn the principle of different networks.
stages networks 3. Understand the need for network synchronization,
3. Study the need for network study synchronization issues , outline network control
synchronization and and management issues,
synchronization issues. 4.Understand the concepts of statistical modeling of
4. Learn statistical modeling of telephone traffic, blocking system characteristics and
telephone traffic and queuing queuing system characteristics.
system characteristics 5.Understand the concepts of cellular telecommunication
5. Study about basic concepts of
cellular Telecommunication
UNIT I DEVELOPMENT OF TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING SYSTEMS 9
Message switching, Circuit switching, Manual switching, and Electronic Switching. Digital switching:
Switching functions, space division switching, time division switching, two dimensional switching,
digital cross connect systems, digital switching in an analog environment.
UNIT II Switching Networks

Single Stage Networks, Grading: Principle, Design of progressive grading, other grading, Traffic
capacity of grading, Applications of grading. Link Systems: General, Two stage networks, three stage
networks, four stage networks. Grades of service of link systems: General, Two stage networks, three
stage networks, four stage networks Call packing, SS.7.
UNIT III NETWORK SYNCHRONIZATION CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT 9

Timing: Timing Recovery: Phase-Locked Loop, Clock Instability, Jitter Measurements,Systematic
Jitter. Timing Inaccuracies: Slips, Asynchronous Multiplexing, Network Synchronization, U.S. Network
Synchronization, Network Control, Network Management.
152
UNIT IV TRAFFIC ANALYSIS 9
Traffic Characterization: Arrival Distributions, Holding Time Distributions, Loss Systems, Network
Blocking Probabilities: End-to-End Blocking Probabilities, Overflow Traffic, Delay Systems:
Exponential service Times, Constant Service Times, Finite Queues.
UNIT V CELLULAR TELEPHONE CONCEPTS 9
Mobile telephone services, cellular telephone, Frequency reuse, Interference, Cellular system
topology, Roaming and handoffs, Cellular telephone network components, Cellular telephone call
processing. Cellular Telephone systems: Digital cellular telephone, IS–95. GSM GPRS for Mobile
communications, Personal Satellite communication system
TOTAL: 45
TEXTBOOK
1. Thiagarajan Vishwanathan, ―Telecommunication Switching Systems and Networks‖; PHI
Publications
REFERENCE
1. 1. J. E. Flood , ―Telecommunications Switching, Traffic and Networks‖, Pearson Education
2. John C. Bellamy, ―Digital Telephony‖, Third Edition; Wiley Publications
3. Wayne Tomasi, ―Electronic Communications Systems‖; 5th Edition; Pearson Education
FUNDAMENTALS OF SDR
L T P C
3 0 0 3
ECD453 FUNDAMENTALS OF SDR 3 CREDITS

Prerequisite
Goal To understand how SDR platform provides easy access to wireless network system.
Objectives Outcome
able to:
1. Learn the Characteristics and benefits of 1. Explain the Characteristics and benefits of a
a Software Radio Software Radio
2. Gain knowledge of various basic SDR 2. Analyze basic SDR architectures and functions
architectures and functions
3. design structural and behavior of both
3. Learn about several structural and Transmitter and Receiver
behavior of both Transmitter and
Receiver 4. Differentiate the function of Key Hardware
4. Understand various function of Key devices
Hardware devices
5. Summarize the need of smart antennas for SDR
5. Study the need of smart antennas for
SDR
UNIT 1: SDR Introduction 9

Introduction to Software Defined Radio- the Need for Software Radios, Characteristics and benefits of
a Software Radio- SDR concepts, history and Design principles .
153
UNIT 2: Architecture 9
Ideal SDR architecture- SDR Based End to- End Communication. 2G Radio Architectures Hybrid
Radio Architecture- Basic Software Defined Radio Block Diagram- Digital Frequency Conversion
Partitioning- Operating Environment (OE).
UNIT 3:Front End Technology 9

Radio Frequency translation, Transmitter specifications, Architecture, - Receiver specifications,
Architecture, considerations- Front end Implementation-Data conversions-Zero IF receivers, Preselect
Filters.
UNIT 4:Hardware requirements 9
Digital hardware choices- Key hardware elements, DSP processors, Field Programmable Gate
Arrays, Trade-offs in using DSPs, FPGAs, and ASICs, Power management issues, Combination of
DSPs, FPGAs, and ASICs
UNIT 5: Smart Antenna systems for SDR 9
Analog to digital and digital to analog conversion Parameters of ideal data converters, Parameters of
practical data converters, Techniques to improve data converter performance, Common ADC and
DAC architectures -Antenna requirements -Benefits of smart antennas, Structures for beam forming
systems -Diversity and space-time adaptive signal processing
Reference Books:
1. Bard, Kovarik: Software Defined Radio, The Software Communications Architecture,
rd
Wiley2007, 3 Edition.
2. J H Reed, Software defined Radio, Prentice Hall,2002
3. Antenna Theory: analysis and design, 2nd ed., Balanis, Wiley, 1997
4. Software Radio Architecture: Object-Oriented Approaches to Wireless Systems
Engineering by Joseph Mitola Wiley-Interscience; 1st edition 2000
5. Dr. Walter Tuttlebee: Software Defined Radio-Enabling Technologies, Wiley 2002
154

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DEPARTMENT OF

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

(Applicable for Students admitted from Academic Year 2015-16)

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

PO6. Ability to apply contextual knowledge relevant to professional engineering practices.

PO8. Understanding of professional and ethical responsibility.

PO9. An ability to function and/or develop leadership in multi-disciplinary teams.

PO10. Ability to communicate effectively.

PO11. Ability to apply engineering and management principles to manage projects.

PO12. An ability to engage in life-long learning to follow developments in electronics and

Sl. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

Sl. Course Code Course Course Title L T P C TCH

Sl. No. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

8 ECB232 CC (PC) Digital Systems Lab 0 0 3 1 3

Sl. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

Sl. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

Project Work by students does not require contact hours

Sl. No. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

Sl. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

Sl. Course Course Course Title L T P C TCH

1 MAC351 Numerical Methods 3 0 0 3 3

2 ECC351 Advanced Microprocessors 3 0 0 3 3

3 ECC352 Nano Electronics and Devices 3 0 0 3 3

5 Electronic Measurements and 3 0 0 3 3

1 ECC355 Basic Human Anatomy and Physiology 3 0 0 3 3

Professional Elective Courses- PE for B.Tech (ECE) Regular

2 ECC358 Software Defined Radio 3 0 0 3 3

3 ECC359 Speech Signal Processing 3 0 0 3 3

4 ECC360 Mobile Communication 3 0 0 3 3

5 ECC361 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 3 3

6 ECC362 Biomedical Instrumentation 3 0 0 3 3

7 ECC363 Digital System Design with HDL 3 0 0 3 3

Professional Elective Courses- PE for B.Tech (ECE) with Specialization in Biomedical

1 ECC364 Bio-Sensors and Signal Processing 3 0 0 3 3

2 ECC365 Medical Image Processing 3 0 0 3 3

3 ECC366 Bio-materials and Artificial Organs 3 0 0 3 3

1 ECC451 High Speed Networks 3 0 0 3 3

2 ECC452 Wireless Networks 3 0 0 3 3

3 ECC453 Remote Sensing 3 0 0 3 3

4 ECC454 Telecommunication System Modelling 3 0 0 3 3

6 ECC456 Pattern Recognition 3 0 0 3 3

7 ECC457 Fundamentals of Video Processing 3 0 0 3 3

8 ECC458 Satellite Communication 3 0 0 3 3

9 ECC459 Optoelectronic Devices 3 0 0 3 3

10 ECC460 Optical Communication 3 0 0 3 3

11 ECC461 Embedded Systems 3 0 0 3 3

Professional Elective Courses- PE for B.Tech (ECE) with Specialization in Biomedical

1 ECC462 Medical Imaging Systems 3 0 0 3 3

2 ECC463 Pattern Recognition Techniques and 3 0 0 3 3

Engineering Elective Courses -EE

1 ECD251 Introduction to Communication Systems 3 0 0 3 3

2 ECD252 Linear Circuits 3 0 0 3 3

4 ECD254 Digital Electronics 3 0 0 3 3

1 ECD255 Basics of Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 3 3

2 ECD352 Radar and Optical Communication 3 0 0 3 3

3 ECD353 Programming in MATLAB 3 0 0 3 3

1 ECD354 Image Processing and Pattern Recognition 3 0 0 3 3

2 ECD355 Digital Design and Implementation using HDL 3 0 0 3 3

3 ECD356 Basics of Satellite Communication 3 0 0 3 3