This document discusses cognitive psychology and memory. It defines memory as the means by which we retain and draw on past experiences. It outlines three common operations of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval. It also discusses the different types of tasks used to measure memory, including recall versus recognition tasks, and explicit versus implicit memory tasks. Finally, it examines working memory and its components, including the visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop, central executive, and episodic buffer.
This document discusses cognitive psychology and memory. It defines memory as the means by which we retain and draw on past experiences. It outlines three common operations of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval. It also discusses the different types of tasks used to measure memory, including recall versus recognition tasks, and explicit versus implicit memory tasks. Finally, it examines working memory and its components, including the visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop, central executive, and episodic buffer.
This document discusses cognitive psychology and memory. It defines memory as the means by which we retain and draw on past experiences. It outlines three common operations of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval. It also discusses the different types of tasks used to measure memory, including recall versus recognition tasks, and explicit versus implicit memory tasks. Finally, it examines working memory and its components, including the visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop, central executive, and episodic buffer.
This document discusses cognitive psychology and memory. It defines memory as the means by which we retain and draw on past experiences. It outlines three common operations of memory: encoding, storage, and retrieval. It also discusses the different types of tasks used to measure memory, including recall versus recognition tasks, and explicit versus implicit memory tasks. Finally, it examines working memory and its components, including the visuospatial sketchpad, phonological loop, central executive, and episodic buffer.
Memory Soriano, Michelle M. Memory What is memory?
Tasks Used for Measuring Memory
OUTLINE OF DISCUSSION - Recall vs. Recognition Tasks
TOPICS - Implicit vs. Explicit Memory Tasks
Working Memory: An Integrative
Model
- Components of Working Memory
- Neuroscience and Working Memory
Made in Birchwood: The Annual Creators' Market
What is memory?
THE MEANS BY WHICH WE RETAIN
AND DRAW ON INFORMATION FROM OUR PAST EXPERIENCES TO USE IN THE PRESENT (KANDEL, 2007; TULVING, 2000; TULVING & CRAIK, 2000)
REFERS TO THE DYNAMIC
MECHANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH STORING, RETAINING AND RETRIEVING INFORMATION ABOUT PAST EXPERIENCE (BJORKLUND ET AL., 2003; CROWDER, 1976) Three common 1. ENCODING -
TRANSFORMING SENSORY operations of DATA INTO A FORM OF
memory MENTAL REPRESENTATION
2. STORAGE - KEEPING
ENCODED INFORMATION IN
MEMORY
3. RETRIEVAL - PULLING OUT
OR USING INFORMATION
STORED IN MEMORY ENCODING STORING RETRIEVING
Psychologists who study memory can also measure relearning - the
number of trials it takes to learn once again the learning in the past. Tasks Used for Measuring Memory
RECALL TASKS RECOGNITION TASKS
- producing a fact, word, or - selecting or identifying an
other item from memory item as being one that you
- also called expressive have been exposed to
knowledge previously
- also called receptive
knowledge Recall Task THE TERM FOR PERSONS WHO
SUFFER SEVERE MEMORY
IMPAIRMENT IS ________.
THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF
RECALL TASKS: SERIAL RECALL
FREE RECALL
CUED RECALL Recall Task Types
SERIAL FREE RECALL CUED RECALL
RECALL - items can be - items are
- items must be recalled in any shown in pairs
recalled in the way or order and in the
exact order chosen recalling phase,
they were only one of the
presented pair is
presented Serial Recall INU
USAGI
NEKO
KUMA
BUTA Free Recall MIDORIYA
BAKUGO
TODOROKI
DABI
CHISAKI Cued Recall ROMANCE - CHERRY
DRAMA - ORANGE
HORROR - MELON
SCI-FI - APPLE
COMEDY - GRAPES Recognition Task Tasks Used for Measuring Memory
EXPLICIT MEMORY TASK IMPLICIT MEMORY TASK
-declarative memory- using information from
intentionally remembering/ memory unconsciously and
conscious recollection unintentionally
Explicit Memory Implicit Memory
SEMANTIC PROCEDURAL MEMORY PRIMING EPISODIC MEMORY memories of TASKS MEMORY performing facts, facilitation of long-term tasks while concepts, ability to utilize memories of being names, and missing specific events unconscious of other general information the task itself knowledge Explicit Memory Implicit Memory
- encoded to memory and - begins with learning
later retrieved skills and mastering a task
- often formed deliberately - becomes automatic over
through rehearsal time with repetition
- can be encoded - recall is often
unconsciously and tied to dependent upon context
emotions and cues
- may be drawn into - can result in
awareness through priming/similar stimulus
association response Working Memory: An Integrative Model Working memory holds only the most
recently activated, or conscious, portion
of long-term memory and moves these
activated elements in and out of brief,
temporary memory storage.
It is involved in manipulation of
information and have several
components. Components of Working Memory Logie (1995): Visuospatial Sketchpad
1. VISUAL CACHE -
BRIEFLY HOLDS AND
SPECIALIZING IN
MANIPULATES INFORMATION ABOUT
INFORMATION ABOUT FORM, COLOR AND
THE APPEARANCE OF VISUAL IDENTITY
OBJECTS AND THEIR 2. INNER SCRIBE - ...
ABOUT SPATIAL LOCATION IN SPACE
LOCATION AND
MOVEMENT
REPRESENTATION Components of Working Memory
Phonological Loop PHONOLOGICAL STORAGE
- HOLDS INFO IN MEMORY
SUBVOCAL REHEARSAL -
BRIEFLY STORES HOLDS INFO BY NONVERBAL
MAINLY VERBAL REHEARSAL TO PREVENT
FROM FADING INFORMATION FOR
PHONOLOGICAL LOOP IS VERBAL ALSO CALLED COMPREHENSION AND ARTICULATORY CONTROL ACOUSTIC REHEARSAL PROCESS. Components of Working Memory
Central Executive Episodic Buffer
EXPLAINS HOW WE THE GATING INTEGRATE MECHANISM THAT INFORMATION IN DECIDES WHAT WORKING MEMORY, INFORMATION TO LONG-TERM MEMORY,
PROCESS FURTHER AND
AND THE SLAVE
HOW TO PROCESS IT.
SYSTEMS. Working Memory Diagram KIITE KURETE ARIGATOU GOZAIMASU! :D
