Professional Documents
Culture Documents
D706 21603-1 PDF
D706 21603-1 PDF
1
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Fri Jun 1 01:13:25 EDT 2007
Downloaded/printed by
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
D 706 – 05
4.1.2 Group 2—High tensile strength, diethyl phthalate 6.2 These materials may contain colorants in the nominal
plasticizer. amounts ordinarily employed, but such additives shall not alter
4.1.3 Group 3—High impact strength, dimethyl phthalate the ability of the materials to meet the specified properties.
plasticizer. 6.3 The color of material supplied shall be comparable,
4.1.4 Group 4—High tensile strength, dimethyl phthalate within commercial match tolerances, to the color of standard
plasticizer. samples prepared by the manufacturer.
4.1.5 Class—According to plasticizer content and proper- 7. Physical Requirements
ties specified in Table CA.
4.1.6 Grade 1—For injection molding (general purpose). 7.1 Test specimens of the material shall conform to the
requirements prescribed in Table CA.
4.1.7 Grade 2—For extrusion.
7.2 Molded specimens, for those tests requiring them, shall
be prepared in accordance with Section 10.
5. Suffixes 7.3 Conformance to the requirements of this specification
5.1 When requirements are needed that are not covered in shall be determined in accordance with Section 11.
Table CA, they shall be indicated through the use of suffixes.
5.2 A list of suffixes can be found in Classification System 8. Sampling
D 4000 (Table 3) and may be used for additional requirements 8.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy the
as appropriate. Additional suffixes will be added to that requirements of 12.4.
classification system as test methods and requirements are 8.2 A batch or lot shall be constituted as a unit of manufac-
developed and requested. ture as prepared for shipment and may consist of a blend of two
5.3 Color and opacity shall be within the limits defined in or more “production runs.”
6.3.
9. Number of Tests
5.4 Commonly used suffixes for cellulose acetate are shown
as follows: 9.1 Routine testing of each batch or lot shall be limited to
properties designated in Table CA of this specification.
T = transmittance requirements as designed designated by
9.2 One set of samples for those tests that are designated
the following digits:
(Section 12) shall be considered sufficient for testing the batch
First Digit
or lot. The average results from those samples shall comply
1 = total luminous transmittance determined in accordance
with the requirements prescribed in this specification.
with Procedure A of Test Method D 1003.
9.3 If any failure occurs, the materials are not to be certified
Second Digit
to this specification.
1 = total transmittance, 80 % min.
5.5 An example of this classification system for a high- 10. Specimen Preparation
impact cellulose acetate formulation would be as follows: 10.1 Physical property requirements in Table CA are based
CA0122FA053 (1) on injection molded specimens 3.2 mm thick. Specimens
machined from compression-molded blanks or extruded strips
CA = Table CA Property Requirements. may be used, provided it can be shown that the results are
01 = Group 01—High Impact Strength, diethyl phtha- comparable.
late plasticizer. 10.2 Prior to molding cellulose acetate, dry the material to a
2 = Class 2—Plasticizer Range from 35 to 40 % (see moisture content of 0.2 % or less. The primary reason for
Table CA, Footnote 1). drying the material is to eliminate visual defects such as
2 = Grade 2—Extrusion Application. surface imperfections and bubbles. Material spread in a tray to
FA053 = Flammability requirement from Classification a maximum depth of 50 mm and exposed in a circulating-air
System D 4000—Burn rate maximum of 50 mm/ oven at 75 to 90°C for 3 h should be satisfactory. Formulations
min with 3 mm minimum thickness, when tested containing either very low or very high levels of plasticizer
in accordance with Test Method D 635 may require slightly higher or lower drying temperatures
respectively. Control the injection molding cycles in accor-
NOTE 2—CA0122 corresponds to the following physical property dance with Practice D 3641, using a melt temperature 25 to
requirements in Table CA:
35°C above the “cold point.” (The “cold point” is the lowest
Specific gravity: 1.25-1.28.
Tensile stress at yield: 18 MPa min. melt temperature at which it is possible to obtain a full shot
Flexural modulus: 930 MPa min. when all other operating variables are held constant within the
Izod impact strength: 200 J/m min. normal operating range.) Mold temperatures between 35 and
Water absorption: 4.7 % max. 60°C have been found desirable. As a rule, thin-section
Weight loss on heating: 10.0 % max. moldings and higher hardness materials (lower plasticizer
content) require higher mold temperatures.
6. Materials and Manufacture 10.3 Test specimens injection molded from cellulosic ma-
6.1 Materials supplied shall be as uniform in composition terials are subject to “overpacking” if the gate size is too large,
and size, and as free of contamination, as can be achieved by and this can result in brittleness in the gate area as well as
good manufacturing practice. throughout the entire specimen. To avoid this, the gate size
2
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Fri Jun 1 01:13:25 EDT 2007
Downloaded/printed by
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
D 706 – 05
should be significantly smaller than those recommended in a percentage of the conditioned weight as follows:
Practice D 3641. A gate size 1.5 mm square has been found to ~ W 1 2 W2 !
produce satisfactory test specimens. weight loss on heating, % 5 W1 3 100 (2)
where:
11. Test Methods W1 = original weight, g, after initial conditioning, and
11.1 Determine the properties defined by this specification W2 = weight, g, after 72 h in oven at 82°C.
in accordance with the following test methods:
12. Inspection and Certification
11.1.1 All tests shall be performed in the standard labora-
tory atmosphere as defined by Practice D 618. 12.1 Inspection and certification of the material supplied
11.1.2 Test specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with reference to a specification based on this classification
with Procedure A of Practice D 618. system shall be for conformance to the requirements specified
11.1.3 Color-Visual—Practice D 1729 herein.
11.1.4 Color-Quantitative—Practice E 308 12.2 Lot-acceptance inspection shall be the basis on which
11.1.5 Plasticizer Content—The method for plasticizer con- acceptance or rejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptance
tent shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the inspection shall consist of plasticizer content determination
purchaser. (see Table CA, Footnote 1) and color as specified in 6.3.
11.1.6 Specific Gravity—Test Methods D 792. 12.3 Periodic check inspection with reference to a specifi-
11.1.7 Tensile Stress at Yield—Test Method D 638, Type I cation based on this classification system shall consist of the
test specimen, 50-mm/min testing speed. tests for all requirements of the material under the specifica-
11.1.8 Flexural Modulus—Test Methods D 790, 1.27-mm/ tion. Inspection frequency shall be adequate to ensure that the
min testing speed. material is certifiable in accordance with 12.4.
11.1.9 Impact Strength (Izod)—Test Method A of Test 12.4 Certification shall be that the material was manufac-
Method D 256. Specimen size: 63.5 mm long by 12.7 mm wide tured by a process in statistical control, sampled, tested, and
by 3.2 mm thick. inspected in accordance with this classification system and that
11.1.10 Water Absorption—Test Method D 570, 24-h im- the average values for the lot meet the requirements of the
mersion. classification system (line call out).
12.5 A report of test results shall be furnished when re-
NOTE 3—The ungated “tab end” (75 mm long) of a Test Method D 638,
quested. The report shall consist of results of the lot acceptance
Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be used if the
primary specimen type is not available. Condition in accordance with Test inspection for the shipment and the results of the most recent
Method D 570. periodic-check inspection.
11.1.11 Weight Loss on Heating—Condition test specimens, 13. Rejection
50.8 mm in diameter or 50.8 mm wide by 63.5 mm long by 3.2 13.1 Material that fails to conform to all the requirements of
mm thick, for 48 h over anhydrous calcium chloride at 23 6 this specification is not to be certified.
2°C or 4 h at 70 6 2°C.
14. Packaging, Packing, and Marking
NOTE 4—The ungated, “tab end” (75 mm long) of a Test Method
D 638, Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be used if
14.1 The provisions of Practice D 3892 apply to packaging,
the primary specimen type is not available. Weigh three specimens and packing, and marking of containers for plastic materials.
place them in a circulating-air oven for 72 h at 82 6 2°C. Support the
15. Keywords
specimens flatwise on a screen in the oven. Upon removal from the oven,
cool the specimens in a desiccator over anhydrous calcium chloride to 23 15.1 cellulose acetate; classification system; line callout;
6 2°C. Weigh the specimens and calculate the weight loss on heating as plastic; recycled; specification
3
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Fri Jun 1 01:13:25 EDT 2007
Downloaded/printed by
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
D 706 – 05
4
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Fri Jun 1 01:13:25 EDT 2007
Downloaded/printed by
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
D 706 – 05
TABLE CA(continued)
Material: CA (Cellulose Acetate) Izod Im- Water Absorption, Test Weight
Plasticizer Base: Groups 03 and 04-Dimethyl phthalate Specific Tensile pact Method D 570, Loss on
Gravity, Stress at Flexural Strength, max, % Heating,
Test Yield, Test Modulus, Test
Paragraph
Plasticizer Methods Method Test Meth- Method
11.1.11,
ContentA, D 792 D 638, min, ods D 790, D 256 Weight Soluble
max, %
Group Description Class % Grade Description MPa min, MPa mm, J/m GainB Loss
03 High impact 1 29-32 1 injection 1.28-1.31 23 1520 155 5.0 1.8 2.5
strength 2 extrusion 1.28-1.31 23 1520 155 5.0 1.8 2.5
(dimethyl 0 Other
phthalate
based)
2 27-31 1 injection 1.29-1.32 26 1660 139 4.7 1.4 2.5
2 extrusion 1.29-1.32 26 1660 139 4.7 1.4 2.5
0 other
3 26-29 1 injection 1.29-1.32 28 1800 123 4.3 1.1 2.0
2 extrusion 1.29-1.32 28 1800 123 4.3 1.1 2.0
0 other
4 24-27 1 injection 1.29-1.32 31 1930 107 4.0 0.8 1.5
2 extrusion 1.29-1.32 31 1930 107 4.0 0.8 1.5
0 other
5 22-26 1 injection 1.29-1.32 34 2070 91 3.5 0.6 1.5
2 extrusion 1.29-1.32 34 2070 91 3.5 0.6 1.5
0 other
0 other 0 other
04 High tensile 1 21-24 1 injection 1.29-1.32 37 2210 80 3.2 0.5 1.0
strength 2 extrusion 1.29-1.32 37 2210 80 3.2 0.5 1.0
(dimethyl 0 other
phthalate
based)
2 19-22 1 injection 1.29-1.32 40 2420 69 3.0 0.4 0.8
2 extrusion 1.29-1.32 40 2420 69 3.0 0.4 0.8
0 other
3 17-21 1 injection 1.29-1.32 43 2480 59 2.9 0.4 0.6
2 extrusion 1.29-1.32 43 2480 59 2.9 0.4 0.6
0 other
4 16-19 1 injection 1.29-1.32 46 2590 49 2.7 0.3 0.4
2 extrusion 1.29-1.32 46 2590 49 2.7 0.3 0.4
0 other
0 other 0 other
00 Other 0 other 0 other
A
The test method for plasticizer content, as well as the target level for the product supplied, shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Limits
of 62 % shall be maintained unless a closer tolerance is practical.
B
Weight gain includes soluble matter loss.
SUMMARY OF CHANGES
Committee D20 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue, D 706 - 98,
that may impact the use of this standard. (July 1, 2005)
(1) Replaced references to Test Method D 638M with refer- (5) Deleted 6.4 since it was redundant.
ences to Test Method D 638. Test Method D 638M was (6) Revised 8.1 and 8.2 to follow the wording suggested in
withdrawn. Guide D 5740.
(2) Removed reference to Practice D 1898 which has been (7) Revised permissive language in 9.3 and Section 13.
withdrawn. (8) Revision of Table CA to eliminate the column for Flow
(3) Eliminated the flammability suffixes in 5.4. Suffixes in Designation as promised.
Classification System D 4000 are now available for these (9) Eliminated Footnote B to Table CA, which promised the
properties and test methods. removal of Flow Designation.
(4) The example in 5.5 is revised to show the use of a (10) Editorial changes as appropriate in 1.4, 10.2, and Section
flammability suffix from Classification System D 4000. 11.
5
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Fri Jun 1 01:13:25 EDT 2007
Downloaded/printed by
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.
D 706 – 05
ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
responsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should
make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.
This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,
United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above
address or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website
(www.astm.org).
6
Copyright by ASTM Int'l (all rights reserved); Fri Jun 1 01:13:25 EDT 2007
Downloaded/printed by
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee pursuant to License Agreement. No further reproductions authorized.