Question 1.

a)
i. The gradient of a straight line, m is given by;
2 1
y x
3 3
1  2 x
1
x 
2
Given the two points, (4, -3) and (-5, 3), then the gradient is;

m
 3   3    3  3  6 2

 5  4  9 9 3

ii. We choose an arbitrary point (x, y), and one of the given points, (4, -3)
From definition, the gradient, m of the line is given by change in y-coordinate over x-coordinate

m
 y   3   y  3
 x  4 x4

−2
Substituting for m =
3

2 y  3

3 x4
3( y  3)  2( x  4)
3 y  9  2 x  8
3 y  2 x  1

The general equation of a line is given by;

y  mx  c ,

Dividing all through by 3 yields;

2 1
y x
3 3
2 1
x y
b) The point (-2, 1) lies on the line governed by 3 3 if and only if it satisfies this
equation, therefore substituting for the values of x and y coordinates yields
 2 1
1  2  
3 3
4 1
1 
3 3
1  1
Since the right hand side is equal to the left hand side of the equation, the point (-2, 1)
satisfies the equation, and therefore lies on this line
c)
i. At x-intercept the y coordinate is zero, i.e. (x, 0)
Therefore, we substitute for y = 0 in the equation of the line as;
2 1
y x
3 3
2 1
0 x
3 3
1
Adding both sides by 3
1 2
 x
3 3 ;
Multiplying both sides by 3 yields,
1  2x
Divide both sides by -2 to obtain the value of x,
1
x  
2
ii. At y-intercept, the x coordinate is zero, i.e., (0,y)
Therefore, substituting for x=0 in the equation of the line yields:
2 1
y x
3 3
2 1
y (0) 
3 3
1
y  0
3
1
y
3
 d)

3
f(x) = − 0.67 x − 0.33
2

0
-5.5 -5 -4.5 -4 -3.5 -3 -2.5 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
-1

-2

-3

-4

Question 3.

a)
Multiplying both sides by 13 yields;

403  7 k  143t

Taking -143t to the other side of the equal sign, its sign changes to +ve and therefore, our
equation becomes:

7k = 143t + 403

We then divide both sides by seven to remain with only k in the right hand side of the
equation.
143t 403 1
k   (143t  403)
7 7 7

5t 7
 17   19t
b) k k We start by collecting the terms with k together.
5t 7
  17  19t
k k
1
This equation can be rewritten as shown below by factoring out
k
1
(5t  7)  17  19t
k
Multiplying both sides by k and dividing through by (17-19t) yields;
 5t  7
k
17  19t
5t  7
k 
17  19t
Question 5.
a)
i. ∠CED=36° because it is an alternate angle with ∠ABE and alternate angles of
parallel lines are equal.
ii. ∠CAB=58° because ∠ACB=86°=(180°-94°)
Therefore, since the sum of angles of a triangle adds up to 180°,
The ∠CAB=180°-(86°+36°) =50°
iii. Triangle ABC is similar to triangle CDE because; they share a common point C,
∠ABE=∠BED=36°, ∠BAC=∠CDE=58° and ∠ACB=∠ECD=86°.
b)
∠EDF and ∠DEF and the included side DE are equal to the ∠ABC and ∠ACB
and the included side BC.
∠DFE and ∠FED and the non-included side DE are equal to ∠BAC and ∠ACB
and the non-included side BC respectively.
c)
i. From Pythagoras theorem
The length AB can be found using Pythagoras Theorem;

 BC    AB    AC 
2 2 2

 BC    AC 
2 2
 AB 

i.e. AB  44  20  1536
2 2

In surd form; AB  16 6 cm
ii. Triangle ABC is a right angled triangle whose area is given by
1
A  b h
2
1
A   AC  AB
2
1
A   20 16 6
2
A  10  16 6  160 6 cm2
iii. The total surface area of the capsule, A is given by
A = Area of the two semi circles + Area of the rectangle
 1  1 
A  2   r2   2  b  h 
2  2 

1
2


A  2     102   2 160 6


A  100  320 6

A  1097.995983 cm2

Rounding off to the nearest whole number gives;

A  1098 cm2

iv. The volume of the capsule, V is given by;

V = volume of the 2 hemispheres + volume of the cylinder

1 4 
V     r 3   2   r 2h
2 3 
4
V    103   102 16 6
3
V  4188.79  12312.48
V = 16501 cm3; to the nearest whole number
v. 1 litre = 1×106 cm3
Therefore; 16501 cm3 will be;
16501
V  0.0165
1 106 Litres

Question 6.
a)
 i. (13 x  9)(5 x  11)  13 x(5 x  11)  9(5 x  11)
Opening the brackets yields
 65 x 2  143x  45 x  99
 65 x 2  98 x  99

ii. (3a  7b) 2

This equation can be re-written as
(3a  7b)(3a  7b)
 3a (3a  7b)  7b(3a  7b)
Opening the brackets yields:

 9a 2  21ab  21ab  49b 2

 9a 2  42ab  49b 2

b)
i. The general form of a quadratic expression is given by;
ax 2  bx  c Where a, b and c are constants

Comparing the given expression with the general form;

x 2  17 x  38 ; Thus a = 1; b = -17 and c = -38

Thus we find two numbers such that, product ac = -38 and sum, b = -17
The two numbers are -19 and 2; substituting these values in the equation so that we split the bx
term;

x 2  19 x  2 x  38 ; factoring

1 4 
V     r 3   2   r 2h
2 3 
4
V    103    102  16 6
3
V  4188.79  12312.48
16501
V  0.0165
1106 ;
Hence the factorized form of the expression becomes
 ( x  2)( x  19)
 The expression 16h  81k is a perfect square, given by the general formula a  b
2 2 2 2
ii.

whose solution is
 a  b  a  b
Comparing the given expression given with the general gives;

a 2  16h 2 b 2  81k 2
Hence

a  16h 2 b  81k 2
A  1098 b  9k
Thus, the factorized form of the expression is

 4 h  9k   4h  9 k 
c)

The general form of a quadratic equation is given by ax  bx  c  0 where a, b and c are

2

constants.
Comparing with the given equation; a = 1; b = 7; c = -44
We solve using the quadratic formula;

b  b 2  4ac
x1,2 
2a Substitute for the values of a, b and c

7  7 2   4  1 44 
x1,2 
2 1

7  225
x1,2 
2 1
7  15
x1,2 
2
8
 x1   4
2
22
x2   11
2
Proof;
Substituting the values of x1 and x2 back into the equation;
For x1;
  42  7  4   44
 16  28  44
0
Hence the value x = 4 is a root of the equation.
For x2;

  11  7  11  44
2

 121  77  44
0
Hence the value x = -11 is a root of the equation.

d) To solve the equation; 3x  21x  132  0 ;

2

Divide all through the equation by 3 (common multiple) to obtain;

x 2  7 x  44  0
Which is the equation in c (i) whose solution is X1= 4 and X2 = -11
15 9

x4 x6
15( x  6)  9( x  4)
e) 15 x  90  9 x  36
Collect the like terms;
15 x  9 x  36  90
6 x  54
54
x 9
6
Proof;
Substitute the value of x = 9, back into the equation;
15 9

x4 x6
15 9 15 9
  
94 96 5 3
Thus, 3 = 3, hence the value x = 9 is a solution to the equation
Question 7.

a) Substituting x  24 in the equation x  24 x = 0 yields

2

242  24  24  242  242  0

Since the right hand side of x  24 x =0 is zero and the left hand side yields zero after
2

substituting x  24 , then x  24 is indeed a solution of the equation.

b) A complete solution of equation x  24 x =0 can be given as follows,

2

We factor out x as shown blow;

x( x  24)  0
x0
Or
x  24
The complete solution of the equation is
x0
Or
x  24
c) Your solution of the equation yielded one value while the solution had two values of x .
The only way that could have been used to get complete solution was to factor x out as
shown in (b) above.