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Lecturemodule1 Introduction 1

The document discusses an introduction to the finite element methods course taught by Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto. The course aims to introduce basic finite element methods and applications to engineering problem solving. Students will learn to develop computational models, solve problems in structures and heat transfer, use finite element software, and discuss solutions in groups. The document outlines general finite element procedures and components like discretization, element types, stiffness matrices, and software pre-processing, solving, and post-processing.

Uploaded by

Ariff Azizi
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
70 views

Lecturemodule1 Introduction 1

The document discusses an introduction to the finite element methods course taught by Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto. The course aims to introduce basic finite element methods and applications to engineering problem solving. Students will learn to develop computational models, solve problems in structures and heat transfer, use finite element software, and discuss solutions in groups. The document outlines general finite element procedures and components like discretization, element types, stiffness matrices, and software pre-processing, solving, and post-processing.

Uploaded by

Ariff Azizi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 31

FINITE ELEMENT METHODS

(BDA 4033)

Lecture Module 1: Introduction

Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto


Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Course Objectives

The aim of the subject is to introduce basic finite


element methods and its relevant applications to
the solution of engineering problems.
It will provide a sufficient knowledge in using
application FEM based software creatively for
professional works.

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 2


Learning Outcomes

At the end of the course students


should be able to:
 develop computational model based on standard
element stiffness matrices
 solve numerically problems in bar/truss/frame
structure, heat transfer and fluid flow
 execute problem solving methods using the
available finite element methods software
 discuss in group to improve model acquired by
using resources from finite element solution.
BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 3
What you can do…

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 4


What you can do…Heat Transfer

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 5


References

Saeed Moaveni, 2008. Finite Element Analysis, 3rd edition, Pearson
Education International.

N.S. Ottosen & H. Petersson, 1992. Introduction to the Finite Element
Method, Prentice Hall.

G.R. Buchanan, 1995. Schaum’s Outline Series, Theory and Problems of
Finite Element Analysis, McGraw-Hill.

J.N. Reddy, 2006. An Introduction to the Finite Element Method, 3rd
edition, McGraw Hill

K.J. Bathe, 1996. Finite Element Procedures, Prentice Hall.

L.J. Segerlind, 1997. Analisis Unsur Terhingga Gunaan, diterjemahkan
oleh Muhamad Her Jantan, Penerbit UTM.

Tirupathi R. Chandrupatla & Ashok D.Belegundu, 2002. Introduction to
Finite Elements in Engineering, 3rd edition, Prentice Hall
BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 6
Subject Delivery


Lecturing and Tutoring
Explaining theories, methods and understanding related to the
topics.
Discussing sample problems related to the topics


Software Application on Laboratory Session (A)
Application of finite element methods using FEM software

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 7


INTRODUCTION

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 13


What is Finite Element Method

The finite element method is a numerical analysis technique.


technique

The basic principle in FEM is the object of interest (to analysed) is


divided into certain number of regions.

Each region is referred to as ELEMENT and the process of subdividing


a domain into a finite number of elements is referred to as
DISCRETISATION.
DISCRETISATION

Elements are connected at specific points, called NODES,


NODES and the
assembly process requires that the solution be continuous along
common boundaries of adjacent elements.

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 14


Background History
of Discretization and Convergence

Calculating area under the curve

∫ f  x dx
a

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 15


External approach Internal approach

Exact solution

Number of elements
BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 16
Example of  Calculation

Number of lines Result Result


From Inside From Outside

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 17


Discretization
Object/domain/model

Element

Node

SMALLER ELEMENT
MORE ACCURATE

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 18


Element and Node
Element is used to represent the geometry of the object

Node represents the motion flexibility of the point in the object, which is
called the DEGREE OF FREEDOM

Ty

Ry

y
Rx Maximum DOF: 6 per node
x Tx
3 translations: Tx, Ty, Tz
z 3 rotations: Rx, Ry, Rz
Rz

Tz

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 19


Response / Output
follows the defined DOF

Node of element has


only axial translation

FEM model

Responded with
deformation

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 20


Response / Output
follows the defined DOF

Node of element has


only axial translation

FEM model

No response showed

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 21


Line Elements

Axial element Torsional element

Truss 2D Element

Truss 3D Element

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Line Elements

Beam Element

Space Frame Element

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Surface Elements

Plate Triangular Element

Plate Quadrilateral

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Surface Elements

Plate Bending Quadrilateral Element

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Surface Elements

Plate Membrane Quadrilateral Element

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Surface Elements

Shell Quadrilateral Element

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Solid Elements

Solid Tetrahedral 4 and 10 nodes Element

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Solid Elements

Solid Hexahedral 8 and 20 nodes Element

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Axisymmetric Elements

Axisymmetric tapered annulus 2 nodes

Axysymmetric Shell 2 Nodes

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 30


Axisymmetric Elements

Axysymmetric Shell 3 Nodes

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 31


General FEM Procedures

1. Discretize and Select the element types


2. Select displacement function
3. Define strain/displacement and stress/strain relationships
4. Derive the element stiffness matrix and equation
5. Assemble the element equations to obtain equations and
to introduce boundary conditions
6. Solve for unknown degrees of freedom
7. Solve for element strains and stresses
8. Interpret the results

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 32


General FEM Procedures
(known elemental stiffness matrix)

1. Discretize and Select the element types


2. (was 2, 3, 4) Calculate each elemental stiffness matrix
3. Assemble the element equations to obtain equations and
to introduce boundary conditions
4. Solve for unknown degrees of freedom
5. Solve for element strains and stresses
6. Interpret the results

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 33


General FEM Procedures
(FEM application software)

1. Meshing of the geometrical (CAD) data


2. Define material properties and assign to respective regions
3. Define load, boundary condition and assign to respective
nodes, elements or regions.
4. Define intended outputs
5. Run Finite Element Method Solver
6. Calling the outputs and interpret the results.

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 34


General FEM Procedures
(Stage Activity of FEM application software)

1.Pre-processing
by using Pre-Processor
2.Solving
by employing Solver
3.Post-processing
by using Post-Processor

BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 35


BDA 4033 Dr. Waluyo Adi Siswanto 36

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