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What Is an Educational Module?

By Kristie Sweet

Modules typically provide more practical student experiences than traditional learning systems.

In education, the term "module" refers to an instructional unit that focuses on a particular topic.
Although the details and activities vary according to the specific context, such as course and
student level, most educational modules include information about the topic, focus on student-
centered learning activities and culminate in a project for students to demonstrate understanding.

Examples and Rationale

Modules generally begin with a research question to focus student thinking, such as, "How do
tornadoes form?" Students then gain basic information through reading or videos followed by
exploratory activities, such as laboratory experiments that help them learn the concepts involved.
At the end of the module, students often develop a project to illustrate what they have learned,
such as creating a tornado chamber. Modules may involve the study of any topic, such as
computer animation, engineering concepts, general electronics and global warming. Since
modules use active rather than passive learning experiences, students may be more engaged,
understand real-world applications of the concepts and further develop higher-order cognitive
abilities.
 https://classroom.synonym.com/majors-nuclear-chemistry-12729.html

Majors That Have to Do With Nuclear

Chemistry
By Amy Pearson

Some nuclear chemistry programs train students for nuclear power plant jobs.

Although a variety of college programs incorporate nuclear chemistry concepts into their
curriculum, students select a suitable major depending on several factors, including individual
career aspirations, academic abilities and availability of programs. All majors dealing with
nuclear chemistry develop students' understanding of the potentially volatile processes and
chemical reactions involved with the field, but the specific skills and concepts covered vary by
program.

Nuclear Engineering

Nuclear engineering majors learn engineering principles needed to safely manage nuclear energy
radiation and radioactive materials in the power industry or to develop and improve nuclear
chemistry utilization in medicine or engineering fields, the College Board states. The University
of California, Berkeley’s nuclear engineering program includes five training areas, including
nuclear energy and nuclear materials and chemistry. Students design radioactive waste
management procedures, analyze and implement environmental protection measures and develop
radiation detection systems.

Nuclear Sciences

Some colleges offer nuclear chemistry training as part of their nuclear science programs, such as
the nuclear and radiological services major offered at the University of Florida. UF’s program
focuses on improving medical imaging, radiation detection and electricity production measures.
Courses generally include several semesters of general chemistry, chemistry for engineers,
organic chemistry, nuclear engineering analysis, radiation interactions, applied radiation
protection and risk assessment procedures.

Nuclear Medicine

Colleges offering a nuclear medicine or nuclear medicine technology program teach students to
diagnose and research radioactive treatment methods for a variety of diseases, such as cancer and
heart problems, the College Board states. The University of Vermont’s nuclear medicine
technology major incorporates chemistry, organic chemistry, biology and physics instruction,
preparing students for careers as nuclear medicine technologists. Nuclear medicine technology
programs teach students to interact compassionately with patients needing medical treatment and
follow proper safety procedures such as minimizing radiation exposure, as the Bureau of Labor
Statistic reports.

Nuclear Power Technology

Nuclear power technology majors prepare for hands-on careers working in and around nuclear
power plants. Often offered through community colleges, these technical programs teach
industry-specific techniques to understand how nuclear reactors operate. Terra State Community
College reports its nuclear power technology courses cover basic thermodynamic power plant
design, reactor theory instrumentation, process control, nuclear plant drawings, nuclear
chemistry, radiation detection and thermo-fluid sciences. Graduates pursue jobs in nuclear
industry careers such as radiation protection technician or nuclear plant operator, Columbia
Basin College states.
 https://classroom.synonym.com/format-lesson-plan-7846539.html

How to Format a Lesson Plan

By Carmen Barnes

The best plan is to plan ahead.

The backbone of every well-taught lesson is a thoughtfully organized lesson plan. Many lesson
plan formats float in cyberspace, and some school districts prefer one format over another
format. A well-structured lesson plan, however, includes the following: goal/objective, teacher
input, guided practice, independent practice, assessment and closing. Once the lesson plan is
written, the teacher has an outline that ensures every student is taught in a meaningful way.

Determine the goal and/or objective the lesson targets. Most states have standard courses of
study or curricula, organized by grade level, stating goals and objectives that need to be covered.

Identify how the teacher facilitates learning. Take into consideration the students' various
learning styles. Lectures, class discussions and hands-on activities are some examples of how to
initiate the learning process.

Select the material that students will complete in a step-by-step practice session with instructor
assistance. This is the guided practice part of the lesson plan. It offers many opportunities to use
technology to demonstrate procedures or thought processes. The technology options include
interactive white boards, computer software and overhead/computer projectors.
Describe the material students will complete independently. During this phase of the lesson plan,
independent practice, you may consider the different needs or abilities of your students. Tiered
lesson plans offer different levels of materials for students to practice based on their varying
degrees of understanding. Independent practice time also allows the teacher to observe students
or work with small groups of students either for remediation or acceleration.

State procedures or activities to assess students' understanding of the lesson. Tests, projects,
presentations or general question-and-answer sessions are examples of typical assessments.

Create the lesson plan's closing. Summarize the lesson's key points, and describe additional
materials or activities for students to complete. The closing provides an opportunity to answer
questions or clarify misunderstandings for students.
 https://classroom.synonym.com/difference-between-intro-chemistry-vs-general-chemistry-4961.html

What Is the Difference Between Intro to

Chemistry Vs. General Chemistry?
By Luc Braybury ; Updated June 21, 2018

What Is the Difference Between Intro to Chemistry Vs. General Chemistry?

Chemistry is often a required core course in the curriculum of most four-year degree programs
for both science and nonscience majors alike. When it is not required, it is often offered as an
option to fulfill a core academic requirement. However, the approach to chemistry that a course
takes depends on whether it is a full-fledged introductory course or a general survey course.

General Chemistry

General chemistry, sometimes known as survey of chemistry, is usually a two-semester sequence

of chemistry classes that address elementary principles in general chemistry, organic chemistry
and biochemistry. Classes are typically lecture only. There is little math involved in the course
material, as the class is not designed for students pursuing a degree in the sciences or
engineering. Instead, the class focuses on presenting a general overview of the broad topic of
chemistry to those majoring in an allied health professions field.

Allied Health Professions

Allied health professions make up the majority of the health-care workforce, though education
within the field is unrelated to medical, nursing and dentistry degrees. Allied health professionals
generally focus on patient care services. Most allied health careers focus on directly supporting
the patient as technicians, therapists, technologists and pharmacists, among others. While there is
a range of hundreds of allied health careers, some of the most popular include dental hygienists,
paramedics, clinical psychologists, optometrists, pharmacists, respiratory therapists, surgical
technologists and dietitians. General chemistry is important to these disciplines because it grants
individuals a basic understanding of how to apply chemistry to physiological applications.

Intro to Chemistry

Intro to chemistry, sometimes known as principles of chemistry, is usually a two-semester

sequence of chemistry classes that address basic principles and applications of chemistry in the
sciences. Typical topics include chemical nomenclature; atomic structure; the composition of
matter; stoichiometry; properties of solids, liquids and gases; acids and bases; molecular
bonding; thermochemistry and sometimes others. A chemistry lab is included to reinforce the
ideas learned in lecture. The classes are designed for students pursuing degrees in the sciences
and engineering, especially degrees in the fields of chemistry.

Chemistry Field

The broad field of chemistry is a science that studies matter and its properties. Focus is placed on
applications involving the structure, interactions, composition and other features of chemical
substances. There are multiple subdisciplines in the chemistry field including biochemistry,
inorganic chemistry, nuclear chemistry, organic chemistry and theoretical chemistry, among
others. The intro to chemistry sequence offers a curriculum of rigorous introductory
examinations of the fundamental concepts in chemistry, allowing the student to pursue
specialization in a subfield of his choice.
 https://classroom.synonym.com/long-school-zoology-11657.html

How Long Do You Have to Go to School for

Zoology?
By Maria Magher

Zoologists can work in a zoo or out in the field collecting research.

Zoologists study the native habitat and behaviors of animals to expand our knowledge of the
natural world. Zoologists can also use this information to work toward the preservation of
endangered species, such as by capturing animals to breed in a zoo. The Bureau of Labor
Statistics says zoologists need to complete at least a bachelor's degree to enter the field, but there
are other degree options that can meet different career goals.

Associate Degree

Most associate degree programs last two years and are designed to give students the required
courses for the first two years of a bachelor's program. Students who complete an associate
degree can often transfer their credits to a four-year university and begin working on the courses
for their major. Courses for the associate degree focus on basic education needed for advanced
study in zoology, such as biology, chemistry and math classes. Some liberal arts classes are also
included, such as humanities and social sciences. Aspiring zoologists who are not yet ready to
commit to a full-time undergraduate program can start their education with an associate degree
program since many community colleges offer classes on evenings and weekends.

Bachelor's Degree
The bachelor's degree is the standard degree to enter the field of zoology. The degree, which
typically takes about four years to complete, provides students a broad education in zoology,
including liberal arts courses alongside advanced topics in zoology. Coursework includes cellular
biology, general and organic chemistry, calculus, physics, animal behavior, ecology, evolution,
invertebrate zoology, paleoecology and marine ecology. Students may be able to customize their
program by selecting a concentration or by focusing their study through the selection of
electives.

Master's Degree

Completing advanced study can expand your career opportunities in the field of zoology. A
master's degree program, which typically lasts two years, can prepare students for administrative
jobs or for a career in research. Most master's programs include 30 credit hours of coursework, as
well as a required thesis. The master's thesis for zoology students requires field work, so the
program could take longer if students don't receive the results they expected in their research.
Coursework at the master's level focuses on a specific area of zoology in which students want to
specialize, such as invertebrates or mammals.

Doctorate Degree

A doctorate degree in zoology is a highly specialized degree that involves extensive advanced
study. The degree can take six to eight years to complete, and it includes a year or two of
coursework, followed by completion of the dissertation, which is a book-length piece of original
research. The research required for the dissertation is more extensive than for the master's
degree, and it often includes large-scale field research. Those who complete a doctorate degree
are eligible for teaching or research positions at the university level.
 https://classroom.synonym.com/what-dissertation-4580386.html

What is a Dissertation?
By Dr. Mary Dowd

A university student typing on her laptop in a library

A dissertation is a scholarly paper of considerable length and breadth typically required of students
pursuing a doctor of philosophy degree. Besides mastering doctoral coursework, Ph.D. students must
write a dissertation to explore a topic of particular interest and gain expertise. The average dissertation is
about 200 pages, according to “Writing the Winning Thesis or Dissertation: A Step-by-Step Guide.”
Dissertations contribute to the body of knowledge in the student’s field by providing original research
findings or insightful critique of previous studies. Students must defend their dissertation before a faculty
examining committee.
Important Components of a Dissertation
The dissertation typically begins with identification of a question or problem examined in the Ph.D.
student's research paper. Depending on the type of study, a dissertation might also include hypotheses to
be tested. The dissertation then describes relevant theories and credible studies related to the topic. The
methodology section explains statistical tests or other research techniques, such as focus groups or case
studies, used by the Ph.D. student to gather and interpret data. The dissertation then presents research
findings followed by conclusions and recommendations for further study.
 https://classroom.synonym.com/long-ap-psych-exam-6749.html

How Long is the AP Psych Exam?

By Neil Kokemuller

The AP psych exam takes about two hours total.

Advanced placement, or AP, exams are standardized tests given at many high schools every
year. The exams provide high school students with an opportunity to earn college credit with an
acceptable score. The exams also help to assess a student's placement at the college level.
Students completing psychology courses or preparing for an educational degree in psychology
often take the AP psych exam.

Test Length

The CollegeBoard website indicates that the AP psychology exam consists of 100 multiple-
choice questions and two essay questions. Students are given 70 minutes to complete the
multiple-choice section and 50 minutes to complete the essay section.