CAD Design of Hydraulic Crane

By

Fahad (04)
Muhammad Fakhar (23)

Report submitted to the faculty of Mechanical Engineering (Mr. Waqqas Ahmad) at PIEAS in
partial fulfillment of requirements for the MDCAD-I Lab Project assigned

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences
Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan.
January, 2020
This page is intentionally left blank.
 Department of Mechanical Engineering
Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied
Sciences (PIEAS)
Nilore Islamabad 45650, Pakistan

Declaration of Originality

I hereby declare that the work contained in this report and the intellectual content of this report
are the product of my own work. This report has not been previously published in any form
nor does it contain any verbatim of the published resources which could be treated as
infringement of the international copyright law.
I also declare that I do understand the terms ‘copyright’ and ‘plagiarism,’ and that in case of
any copyright violation or plagiarism found in this work, I will be held fully responsible of the
consequences of any such violation.

Signature: ____________ Signature: _____________

Name: _______________ Name: ________________
Date: ________________ Date: _________________
Place: _______________ Place: ________________
 Acknowledgement

I would like to express my thanks of gratitude to Allah Almighty who blessed me with the
opportunity to be part of this great Institute, my respected teachers whose guidance enable me
to reach where I am today and my beloved parents whose utmost support and motivation was
part of my every decision of life.
• Abstract
A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist rope, wire ropes or chains, and
sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally. It is
mainly used for lifting heavy things and transporting them to other places. The device uses one or
more simple machines to create mechanical advantage and thus move loads beyond the normal
capability of a human. Basically the crane we modeled is used to shift material like sand or other
things like in this in large amount from on place to the other.It is based on hydraulic system. In
this project we made a creo model of crane, various parts of the crane were modelled using creo
parametric and then assembled using various contraints and joints. The drawings of each part were
also made.

• Introduction
Cranes exist in an enormous variety of forms – each tailored to a specific use. Sizes range from
the smallest jib cranes, used inside workshops, to the tallest tower cranes, used for constructing
high buildings. Mini-cranes are also used for constructing high buildings, in order to facilitate
constructions by reaching tight spaces. Finally, we can find larger floating cranes, generally used
to build oil rigs and salvage sunken ships. Some lifting machines do not strictly fit the above
definition of a crane, but are generally known as cranes, such as stacker cranes and loader cranes.
Modern cranes usually use internal combustion engines or electric motors and hydraulic systems
to provide a much greater lifting capability than was previously possible, although manual cranes
are still utilized where the provision of power would be uneconomic.

• Part Modeling
This project focuses on the 3D design of a crane. The detail of the software, its features and
the layout has been discussed in this section in detail.
• Objective
The main objectives of this project are
• To learn the Computer Aided Designing for the practical use
• To get a hands-on experience of using Creo.
• To learn the importance of CAD.
• To learn the working of Internal Combustion Engine
• Software Used:
CREO Parametric 6.0 was used for this project.
• CREO Parametric 6.0 Windows User Interface
Creo 6.0 windows can be broken down into following regions.
• Quick Access
This small ribbon at the very top of CREO homes useful file explorer operations, like save,
open, copy, delete, undo and redo.

Figure 1: Quick Access

• Ribbon:
The ribbon contains all of the functions of CREO organized in tabs. Each tab, opens up to
reveal similar and related functions.

Figure 2: Ribbon

• Navigation Bar:
There’s a bar at the left of the main working Creo window which houses functions like Model
tree, Layers, Favorites etc.
 Figure 3: Navigation Bar

• Workspace
The big white environment in the center of a Creo window is where all the designing happens.
It houses several buttons to hide/unhide axes and planes.
 Figure 4: Workspace

• Selecting a Working Directory

When the Creo is opened up for the first time, there is a button on the ribbon that asks you to
“Set Working Directory”. Clicking on it an opening a folder, will make that folder the default
disk space where the files are loaded in the current session. The files, however, can be saved
in some other place, unlike their temporary counterparts which are always stored in the working
directory.

Figure 5: Working Directory Setup

• Creating a New Project

There are certain kind of projects that we can create in creo. The projects available are shown
in the following figure.
 Figure 6: New Project Window

• Functions in Creo
Creo is full of extensive features that can help in making even the most intricate shapes. These
features are roughly carried over to other CAD software, with a different name in the worst
case scenario.
• Sketch
This feature allows the user to create a sketch on any 3D plane. To sketch, select a plane or a
surface and hit sketch. A new ribbon will pop up with different functions, including sketching
a “circle, rectangle, line tool, spline, construction mode etc.”
 Figure 7: Sketch Functionality

• Extrude
This feature in allows users to form a 3D structure normal to the plane according to the given
sketch. The extrusion can also be tapered. This feature is also used to remove the material
according to a given sketch up to some point.
 Figure 8: Extrude Command

• Revolve
This feature will revolve a sketch around an axis, a center line or an intersection of planes. User
can also specify the degrees up to which the sketch is to be revolved. This helps in creating
complex round shapes.
 Figure 9: Revolve Feature

• Hole
This feature allows the users to create a hole at a point through a plane. The specification of
the hole can be controlled both manually and automatically with a standard. It can create holes
of several standards including ASME, Metric and ISO. Sweep
This feature allows the users to extrude a profile through a path or a spline. This is counter to
revolve which forms material around an axis instead of path.
• Helical Sweep
This feature allows the sweep to travel around a surface by specifying pitch a reference line.
This feature is used to create springs and threading on nuts and bolts.
 Figure 11:Sweep Feature

• Blend
This feature allows the sketch profiles at two ends of a spline to blend into a final shape with
ends similar to the sketch profile.
• Normal Blend
This blend simply blends the two shapes in the same plane orientation.
• Rotational Blend
This feature allows users to also rotate the path of the blend.
• Mirror
This feature allows the user to mirror a feature across a plane, or across a centerline, axis, or
plane, in case of a sketch.
 Figure 12: Mirroring Function

• Plane
This feature allows to create a plane at a translation, at a surface or at an offset from another
plane. This is useful feature in case we want to create a new plane to sketch.

Figure 13: Plane Feature

• Round
This feature can round out sharp edges and corners. We can specify the radius of the curve at
the place of rounding.
• Fillet
This feature can cut out sharp edges. We can specify the length of the edge cut.
• Pattern
This feature allows to repeat a pattern according to a specific relation, in a specific direction,
around an axis, at points or filling a surface. This is one of the most important features and
saves a lot of effort to repeat the procedures for the similar features.

Figure 14: Pattern

• Procedure for making parts

This section focuses on explaining how each and every part of the machine is designed to its
final form. Please note, separate pictures of each step are also provided with the project folder.
• Base
Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
Extrude
Extrude
mirror
extrude
datum
extrude
mirror
extrude
extrude
extrude
datum
extrude
extrude
extrude
autoround

Figure 15 Base
 • Bucket
Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
extrude
datum
extrude
pattern
datum
extrude

Figure 16: bucket

• Pins

Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
sketch
extrude

Figure 17: Pins

• Tyres
Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
revolve
project
pattern
 • Figure 18: Tyres

• Cabin
Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
extrude
extrude
shell
extrude
extrude
mirror
extrude
extrude
extrude
sweep
extrude
chamfer
round
 Figure 19: Cabin

• Exhaust
Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
extrude
scketch
sweep
sketch
extrude
 Figure 20: Exhaust

• Grill
Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
extrude
draft
shell
pattern
extrude
 Figure 21: Grill

• Extruded Rod
Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
extrude
extrude
datum
extrude
extrude
 Figure 22: Extruded Rod

• Rim
Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
revolve
datum
mirror
 Figure 23: Rim

Axle
Following is the sequences of features that were used in making this part:
extrude
datum

Figure 24: Axle

• Relations
Following relations were used in part 9
sd25=(A/300)*595
sd29=(A/300)*75.4
sd30=(A/300)*2731
sd1=(A/300)*3660
sd32=(A/300)*706.9

sd19=(A/300)*1086

Following relations were used in Bucket

sd8 = A*2

sd0 = A

• Conclusion and Discussion

The goals of this project were to further develop CAD skills by introducing new tools, as well
as testing the old ones in more advanced ways.

• Annexures

 Assembly Drawings
The following section contains all the assembly drawings.

Figure 25: Assembly process

Figure 26: Assembly process

Figure 27: Assembly process

Figure 28: Assembly process

Figure 29: Assembly process

Figure 30: Assembly process

Figure 31: Assembly process

Figure32: Assembly process

Figure 33: Assembly process

 ’
Figure 34: Assembly process

Figure 35: Assembly process

Figure 36: Assembly process

Figure 37: Assembly process

Figure 38: Assembly process

Figure 39: Assembly process

Figure 40: Assembly process
Figure 41: Assembly process

Figure 42: Assembly process

• Part Drawings
Every part drawing is given in this section
 Y
38
53 200 X
Y X PRT_CSYS_DEF
PRT_CSYS_DEF Z

R205

1820.67
2440

38
Y Y
222.4 38 411.64
R125
Z X Z X
PRT_CSYS_DEF R127 PRT_CSYS_DEF

271.27
396.67 Crane
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 2 0.022
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: 2 A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm
 Y
X
76 PRT_CSYS_DEF
102 Y X
PRT_CSYS_DEF
R65 Z

2721.24

516.84

156.53
Y Y
100 50 50.9
Z X Z X
PRT_CSYS_DEF PRT_CSYS_DEF
R155
1002.6 313.06
1705.02
crane
1824
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 3 0.011
Checked By: Scale:
1875 Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: 3 A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm
 102 Y
X
Y X PRT_CSYS_DEF
PRT_CSYS_DEF
76 Z
Z

180 1668.02

105.6

102

180
Y Y
200
Z X Z X
PRT_CSYS_DEF PRT_CSYS_DEF
R24

Crane
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 10 0.030
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: 10 A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm
 Y
X
Y X
PRT_CSYS_DEF
PRT_CSYS_DEF
Z
Z
76

180

102

Y Y
200
Z X Z X
102
PRT_CSYS_DEF PRT_CSYS_DEF

Crane
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 8 0.031
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: 8 A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm
 R598.35

Y X Y
982.35
PRT_CSYS_DEF X

Z
PRT_CSYS_DEF
1332.63 Z

67.27

114.55 1360.72

2316.73
Y 1470 Y

Z X Z X
PRT_CSYS_DEF PRT_CSYS_DEF
Crane
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 5 0.019
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: 5 A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm
 Y
X
PRT_CSYS_DEF
Y X
18.94
PRT_CSYS_DEF
Z

8.00
1.00

Y Y

Z X Z X
44.00
PRT_CSYS_DEF PRT_CSYS_DEF
20.00 22.00

7.26

Crane
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 7 0.021
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: Tire A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm
 8.00
2.00

Y
X
PRT_CSYS_DEF
Y X
Z
PRT_CSYS_DEF
Z

1.00
1.11
8.00
1.90
2.22
Y Y 3.00
12.00
Z X Z X
PRT_CSYS_DEF PRT_CSYS_DEF

RIM
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 13 1.000
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: Rim A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21 Model Type:
Session: Units:
R75
R75
25 50 Y
Y X X
DEFAULT_CSYS DEFAULT_CSYS
R10 Z Z

R75
38

Y 76 Y

Z X Z X
150
DEFAULT_CSYS DEFAULT_CSYS

610 crane
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 11 0.077
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: 11 A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm
 111.68
50
Y
40 X
65.16
76 75 0.04 205
DEFAULT_CSYS
Z
Y X
DEFAULT_CSYS
Z 140.55
150
631.78
R117.86 716.86
25 300

72.67 503.39
141.09
300 Y 115 74.94
116.9 Y 193.18
51.5 151.88 200
27.04 192.5
188.26
1006 Z X Z X
DEFAULT_CSYS DEFAULT_CSYS 385
400 160 120 336.92
R20 107.5
127.36

113.94
418.81
46.19
Crane
852
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 1 0.038
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: Bucket A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm
 38
53 200

R205

1820.67
2440

38
222.4 38 411.64
R125
R127

271.27
396.67 Crane
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 2 0.022
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: 2 A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm
 52.00
46.00

9.00
Y
32.00
2.00 X
PRT_CSYS_DEF
Y X
Z
PRT_CSYS_DEF
2.00 O_THICK
1.00 Z

10.00 34.00
54.00

Y Y 4.00
12.00
Z X Z X
PRT_CSYS_DEF PRT_CSYS_DEF

Grill
Mr. Waqqas Drawing 14 0.038
Checked By: Scale:
Ahmad No. :
Fahad, Model Name: 14 A4
Drawn By: Size:
M.Fakhar
2017-21
Session: Units: mm