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    The Problem and Its Background

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    Crystian Kobee Empeynado
    This chapter introduces the background and rationale for the study. It discusses the history and evolution of fruit juice extraction techniques from ancient times to modern juicers. Currently, small farmers have difficulty producing juice efficiently and affordably. The study aims to design and build a juice extractor with an improved auger system that can peel, extract juice from, and preserve seeds of fruits and vegetables quickly and at low cost. This will benefit farmers through higher production and consumers through lower prices and better quality juice. The conceptual framework outlines the research process from determining requirements to testing and evaluating the prototype.

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    The Problem and Its Background

    Uploaded by

    Crystian Kobee Empeynado
    310 views8 pages
    This chapter introduces the background and rationale for the study. It discusses the history and evolution of fruit juice extraction techniques from ancient times to modern juicers. Currently, small farmers have difficulty producing juice efficiently and affordably. The study aims to design and build a juice extractor with an improved auger system that can peel, extract juice from, and preserve seeds of fruits and vegetables quickly and at low cost. This will benefit farmers through higher production and consumers through lower prices and better quality juice. The conceptual framework outlines the research process from determining requirements to testing and evaluating the prototype.

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    Chapter 1

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    This chapter introduces the background and rationale for the study. It discusses the history and evolution of fruit juice extraction techniques from ancient times to modern juicers. Currently, small farmers have difficulty producing juice efficiently and affordably. The study aims to design and build a juice extractor with an improved auger system that can peel, extract juice from, and preserve seeds of fruits and vegetables quickly and at low cost. This will benefit farmers through higher production and consumers through lower prices and better quality juice. The conceptual framework outlines the research process from determining requirements to testing and evaluating the prototype.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    310 views8 pages

    The Problem and Its Background

    Uploaded by

    Crystian Kobee Empeynado
    This chapter introduces the background and rationale for the study. It discusses the history and evolution of fruit juice extraction techniques from ancient times to modern juicers. Currently, small farmers have difficulty producing juice efficiently and affordably. The study aims to design and build a juice extractor with an improved auger system that can peel, extract juice from, and preserve seeds of fruits and vegetables quickly and at low cost. This will benefit farmers through higher production and consumers through lower prices and better quality juice. The conceptual framework outlines the research process from determining requirements to testing and evaluating the prototype.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Chapter 1

    THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

    This chapter includes the different essential elements: the introduction,

    which contains the research rationale; the background of the study; the

    conceptual framework; the scope and delimitation which identifies the major

    variables, sub variables and the indicators; the significance of the study which

    enumerates the beneficiaries of the study and the corresponding benefits each

    will receive; and lastly, the notations.

    Introduction

    Fruit juices are worldwide consumables renowned for bringing a refreshing

    experience to the consumer while altogether providing a high amount of nutrients

    needed for the production of body energy and replenishment of anti-oxidants.

    Throughout the years, fruit juice extraction techniques have evolved

    drastically starting with the invention of grape pits dating back to 8000 BCE

    where the makers of grape juice and wine fill the pits with freshly harvested

    grapes and extract the juice by repeatedly stepping on the fruits with their bare

    feet (Gat Foods, 2019). During the 16th Century, Italy started to regularly

    produce lemonade as an import after the idea was conceived in the Middle East.

    The mass production of lemonade was made possible by the hundreds and

    thousands of people employed to extract the juice by squeezing lemons. And


    soon after, in the 17th Century, orange juice followed the rise of lemon juice

    (Muhammad Mushtaq, 2018).

    Next to the popularization of fruit juices were the many researches done to

    prove its numerous health benefits including its therapeutic power against cancer

    and other diseases. However, despite the mass production of fruit juices, author

    and raw food proponent, Dr. Norman Walker, still saw the need to make juicing

    widely available. Thus, he invented the first juicing machine in the 1930s.

    Then around mid-1950s, the Champion machine, the first masticating was

    invented. The high speed (4,000 rpm) of the turning rod causes friction, which

    heats the juice and destroys the live enzymes and other nutrients. And

    eventually, in 1993, the world’s first twin-gear juice extractor, called the

    Greenpower Juicer, was produced. The idea has been based on the old mortar-

    and-pestle method of pressing out the maximum living nutrients from fruits and

    vegetables without losing them to heat (Pat Crocker, 2017).

    Here in the Philippines, aside from its health benefits and refreshing

    factor, fruit juices are highly patronized because they serve as an alternative for

    fruits and vegetables that are not available all year round.

    This study focuses on creating a juice extractor that will help small to

    medium scale farmers in maximizing their production of juices from their overage

    of crops while minimizing the resources and effort exerted in the juicing process.

    Background of the Study


    Through the years, herbalists and traditional medicine practitioners were

    the ones that most commonly ground up different ingredients to make healthy

    beverages. In time however, things started changing.

    Freshly juiced fruit has become a staple in many diets–particularly those

    of busy, health-conscious consumers who can save time making (and perhaps

    even chewing) their food without nutrients being missing. Fruit juice has also

    been linked to claims that it can help both weight loss and detox your system

    (Brown, 2019). But even before the varying ways of preparing it, juicing had

    always been manual.

    In a study by Beley (2011), during the period of manual juicing where

    juicers would have to use hands and feet for extracting and separating liquid from

    fiber, the production rate would only go up to as high as 400 gallons of juice per

    week for a juicing company made of 40 laborers. This amount of juice serves

    only up to 25-45 households.

    The individual credited with the advent of the first juicer is health

    practitioner Norman Walker. In 1936, Walker worked on and released a

    book called Raw Vegetable Juices. This breakthrough in the juicing technology

    has ushered in further studies on mass producing juice extractors which made

    juice outputs leaps and bounds higher than that of manual production outputs

    (Panasonic, 2017).

    However, despite developments in the juicing industry, the small time

    juicing businesses in 3rd world countries have always been left behind in terms

    of availability of low-cost yet efficient juice extractors.


    In the Philippines, juices have become a rising high-value commodity

    among the community of health conscious consumers. This has become the

    case since the continuous marketing of social media influencers and celebrities.

    Health juices have slowly become a symbol of status and level of health

    consciousness among young professionals aged 23-35 years old (Buzz, 2019).

    However, the juicing industry has more to it than just providing health buffs a way

    to derail themselves from horrible diets. More than it is a want, health juices are

    definitely a need for those with real health conditions such as Type A and B

    diabetes, Kidney issues, Blood issues, and more (Valdez, 2015). The

    unavailability of health juices for the consumption of the general public has since

    then been connected to the high prices of such products due to its high

    production costs.

    Within the Philippine agriculture, fruits and vegetables compromise a

    strong and competitive sub-sector. This accounts for 31 percent (by value) of

    agricultural output; and it has risen at a rate of 2.8 percent per year in the last

    three decades compared to just 1.8 percent for agriculture as a whole (Briones,

    2009).

    In common with the remainder of agriculture, development of the fruits and

    vegetables sub-sector is heavily dependent on technological change

    (Weinberger and Lumpkin, 2007). For example, yield improvement for banana

    and pineapple began in large plantations with access to international know-how,

    which then spread to smaller farms; for mango, chemical spraying promoted its

    area expansion and yield growth (David 2003).


    Hence, there is a correlation between the production of fruit juices and

    access to better fruit juice extractors.

    Conceptual Framework

    The illustration below shows the research paradigm for the development

    of Fruit and Veggies Extractor for Small to Medium Scale Farm.


    Design
    Feasibility Construction
    *Determine machine
    *Determine Problem- specifications Design and Planning
    More Efficient Way of Fabrication
    Extracting Juice from *Determine auger Assembly
    Overage Fruit and measurements Testing
    Vegetable Crops of Modification
    Small to Medium Scale *Gather Knowledge Evaluation
    Farms Requirements: - Functionality
    - Juice Extraction - Safety
    *Identify
    Objectives a Solution- - Auger Conveyor - Efficiency
    More Efficient Juice Operation - Cost-effectiveness
    Extracting
    Generally,Machine
    this study aims- toDesign
    designand
    andAssembly - Sanitation
    fabricate a
    through Fabricating of Motor, Belts, and ·
    Existing
    juice Machine
    extractor with and Pulleys
    the following characteristics:
    Using New Auger
    *Determine
    1. Ability to extract juice both Software
    from fruits and vegetables.
    *Propose Project Plan Requirements:
    - Auto of
    2. Ability to preserve the seeds CAD
    seed-bearing fruits and vegetables in order
    *Get Approval on - SolidWorks
    Project
    to:Plan
    *Gather Tools and · Output
    *Assess
    a) Expenses Equipment: and growing
    Use them for germination ·
    - Lathe Machine · More Efficient
    seedlings. - Welding Machine Juice Extractor
    - Electric Drills
    b) Avoid having a bitter - Power
    tasteTools
    in the extracted

    juices.

    3. Multitask ability of peeling the fruit or vegetable, extracting juice, and

    preserving the seeds.

    4. Lower machine fabrication and production cost.

    Significance of the Study


    The result of the study will benefit the following:

    1. Small to Medium Scale Farmers – through the multitask function of the

    fabricated juice extractor machine with the new auger, the farmers will

    be able to produce the juice product with less human error, less human

    work, increased speed production, and limited contamination during

    the process.

    2. Consumers- The consumers will likely to receive a fine quality taste

    product, due to the elimination of bitterness caused by crushed seeds,

    with a much cheaper price because of the shorter process in the

    extraction of juice.

    3. Future Researchers- this study and research will benefit future

    researchers who will be conducting their study and research near this

    line of work.

    Scope and Limitations

    The scope of this research works within the range of:

    · Standard material selection to ensure the quality of the machine.

    · Selecting Appropriate fruit for the season in order to maximize the

    Freshness of the product.

    · Proper measurement, application of right Cutting techniques and Welding

    techniques.

    · Proper assembling of parts for construction of the machine.

    · Providing Data of the efficiency of machine for future use.


    The limitation of this study is as stated below:

    · The juice extractor may be used for any kind of fruit and vegetable except

    for banana and oil-bearing ones because the crops will undergo the

    squeezing process and not pressing.

    Definition of Terms

    · Cake – the fruit/vegetable waste that is already squeezed. It is the residue

    of juice extraction.

    · Auger Screw - A screw conveyor or auger conveyor is a mechanism that

    uses a rotating helical screw blade, usually within a tube, to move liquid or

    granular materials.

    · Extractor - a machine or device used to extract something.

    · Pulp - a soft, wet, shapeless mass of material.

    · Juice - the liquid obtained from or present in fruit or vegetables.

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