Republic of the Philippines

Philippine Normal University

The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

SYLLABUS in 2S-Math 12 Calculus 1

Course Number 2S-Math12

Course Title Calculus 1

Course Prerequisite Algebra, Trigonometry, Analytic Geometry

Term & School Year First Term, 2020-2021

Name of Faculty Fabian C. Pontiveros, Jr.

Vision-Mission PNU-Mindanao shall become an internationally recognized and nationally responsive

teacher education university specializing in multicultural education.
To support the vision, PNU-Mindanao shall
1. Institute quality and culturally responsive teacher education programs;
2. Produce innovative teachers, education leaders and research scholars;
3. Conduct quality researches to improve its curricular programs to meet the felt needs of
the mainstream and the marginalized sectors of the community;
4. Undertake local and global partnership, and extension services with the varied sectors
of the community; and Generate teacher - enhancement programs and materials
sensitive to context and culture.

Quality Policy As the National Center for Teacher Education, the Philippine Normal University commits
to provide leadership in teacher education and nurture innovative teachers, education
leaders, and research scholars imbued with the values of truth, excellence, and service. The
university further commits to the continual growth of its Quality Management System
through compliance with International Quality Standards and statutory and regulatory
requirements. PNU shall achieve these commitments through core functions of instruction,
research, extension, and production.

FTD Goals The Faculty of Teacher Development promotes the University’s mission of nurturing
innovative teachers and educational leaders. It is committed to:
1. Providing the best teacher preparation and development training to produce teachers who
are strong in content, grounded in the discipline and possess the technological and
pedagogical knowledge to effectively teach and lead in the on-going educational reforms at
all levels of education;
2. Promoting quality instruction by ensuring a strong philosophical and conceptual
foundations for the teacher education curriculum programs to develop graduates with the
following qualities: humane and ethical educated person, reflective and responsive
specialist, critical and creative technology expert and transformative educator;
3. Advancing research in education by providing opportunities to students and faculty
members of the College to conduct research to produce and construct knowledge about
teaching- learning, reflect and make meaningful connections between theory and practice,
solve problems and locate opportunities for strategic actions; and
4. Promoting a culture of sharing by extending scholarship and expertise to other educational
institutions and agencies and establishing partnerships with communities and organizations
involved in education.

Course Syllabus in 2S-MATH12 Page 1

 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine Normal University
The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

Program Specialization 1. Manifest understanding in the nature and philosophy of mathematics and how students
Outcomes learn mathematics.
2. Demonstrate expertise in the content and language in mathematics, show connections
between mathematical concepts, and relate these to other curricular areas.
3. Use appropriate principles, strategies, techniques, and technology to appreciate
mathematics as a discipline and as opportunity for creative work, for discovery, and for
gaining insights of the world.
Course Description This is a 4-unit course that includes the study of functions, limits and continuity, derivatives
and integrals of algebraic functions and their applications. The learners are expected to
formulate and accurately solve situational problems applying their skills in differentiation
and integration.

Course Learning 1. Manifest expertise in the content and language of Calculus 1.

Outcomes 2. Solve problems using differentiation and integration skills.
3. Investigate situations, search for patterns, and make generalizations.
4. Demonstrate higher order thinking by applying concepts and skills in carrying out
computations and explorations of calculus problems with or without ICT tool
COURSE CONTENT
Flexible Learning
Assessment
Session Delivery
(Exercises &
No./ Content / Intended Learning Outcomes Text- Lecture
Chapter
Duration based Videos &
Tests)
Lessons other links
Chapter 1: FUNCTIONS & GRAPHS
1.1 Review of Functions
1.1.1 Use functional notation to evaluate a function.
1.1.2 Determine the domain and range of a function. Lecture
1.1.3 Draw the graph of a function.
Lesson Exercises
Video
1.1 1.1
1.1.4 Find the zeros of a function. (LV 1.1)
1.1.5 Recognize a function from a table of values.
1.1.6 Make new functions from two or more given functions.
1.1.7 Describe the symmetry properties of a function.
Week 1
1.2 Basic Classes of Functions
1.2.1 Calculate the slope of a linear function and interpret its meaning.
1.2.2 Recognize the degree of a polynomial.
1.2.3 Find the roots of a quadratic polynomial.
1.2.4 Describe the graphs of basic odd and even polynomial functions.
Lesson Exercises
1.2.5 Identify a rational function. LV 1.2
1.2 1.2
1.2.6 Describe the graphs of power and root functions.
1.2.7 Explain the difference between algebraic and transcendental functions.
1.2.8 Graph a piecewise-defined function.
1.2.9 Sketch the graph of a function that has been shifted, stretched, or reflected
from its initial graph position.

Course Syllabus in 2S-MATH12 Page 2

 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine Normal University
The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

1.3 Trigonometric Functions

1.3.1 Convert angle measures between degrees and radians.
1.3.2 Recognize the triangular and circular definitions of the basic trigonometric
functions. Lesson Exercises
LV 1.3 1.3
1.3.3 Write the basic trigonometric identities. 1.3
1.3.4 Identify the graphs and periods of the trigonometric functions.
1.3.5 Describe the shift of a sine or cosine graph from the equation of the
function.
1.4 Inverse Functions
1.4.1 Determine the conditions for when a function has an inverse.
1.4.2 Use the horizontal line test to recognize when a function is one-to-one. Lesson Exercises
LV 1.4
1.4.3 Find the inverse of a given function. 1.4 1.4
1.4.4 Draw the graph of an inverse function.
1.4.5 Evaluate inverse trigonometric functions.

Week 1 1.5 Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

1.5.1 Identify the form of an exponential function.
1.5.2 Explain the difference between the graphs of xb and bx. Exercises
1.5.3 Recognize the significance of the number e. Lesson 1.5
LV 1.5
1.5.4 Identify the form of a logarithmic function. 1.5 &
1.5.5 Explain the relationship between exponential and logarithmic functions. Chap 1 Test
1.5.6 Describe how to calculate a logarithm to a different base.
1.5.7 Identify the hyperbolic functions, their graphs, and basic identities.
Chapter 2: LIMITS
2.1 A Preview of Calculus
2.1.1 Describe the tangent problem and how it led to the idea of a derivative.
2.1.2 Explain how the idea of a limit is involved in solving the tangent problem.
2.1.3 Recognize a tangent to a curve at a point as the limit of secant lines.
Lesson Exercises
2.1.4 Identify instantaneous velocity as the limit of average velocity over a small LV 2.1
time interval. 2.1 2.1
2.1.5 Describe the area problem and how it was solved by the integral.
2.1.6 Explain how the idea of a limit is involved in solving the area problem.
2.1.7 Recognize how the ideas of limit, derivative, and integral led to the studies
Week 2 of infinite series and multivariable calculus.

2.2 The Limit of a Function

2.2.1 Using correct notation, describe the limit of a function.
2.2.2 Use a table of values to estimate the limit of a function or to identify when
the limit does not exist.
2.2.3 Use a graph to estimate the limit of a function or to identify when the limit
does not exist. Lesson Exercises
LV 2.2
2.2.4 Define one-sided limits and provide examples. 2.2 2.2
2.2.5 Explain the relationship between one-sided and two-sided limits.
2.2.6 Using correct notation, describe an infinite limit.
2.2.7 Define a vertical asymptote.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine Normal University
The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

2.3 The Limit Laws

2.3.1 Recognize the basic limit laws.
2.3.2 Use the limit laws to evaluate the limit of a function.
Lesson Exercises
2.3.3 Evaluate the limit of a function by factoring. LV 2.3
2.3 2.3
2.3.4 Use the limit laws to evaluate the limit of a polynomial or rational function.
2.3.5 Evaluate the limit of a function by factoring or by using conjugates.
2.3.6 Evaluate the limit of a function by using the squeeze theorem.
2.4 Continuity
2.4.1 Explain the three conditions for continuity at a point.
2.4.2 Describe three kinds of discontinuities. Lesson Exercises
LV 2.4
2.4.3 Define continuity on an interval. 2.4 2.4
2.4.4 State the theorem for limits of composite functions.
2.4.5 Provide an example of the intermediate value theorem.
2.5 The Precise Definition of a Limit
Exercises
2.5.1 Describe the epsilon-delta definition of a limit.
Lesson 2.5
2.5.2 Apply the epsilon-delta definition to find the limit of a function. LV 2.5
2.5 &
2.5.3 Describe the epsilon-delta definitions of one-sided limits and infinite limits.
Chap 2 Test
2.5.4 Use the epsilon-delta definition to prove the limit laws.
Chapter 3: DERIVATIVES
3.1 Defining the Derivative
3.1.1 Recognize the meaning of the tangent to a curve at a point.
3.1.2 Calculate the slope of a tangent line.
Lesson Exercises
3.1.3 Identify the derivative as the limit of a difference quotient. LV 3.1
3.1 3.1
3.1.4 Calculate the derivative of a given function at a point.
3.1.5 Describe the velocity as a rate of change.
3.1.6 Explain the difference between average velocity and instantaneous velocity.
3.1.7 Estimate the derivative from a table of values.
3.2 The Derivative as a Function
3.2.1 Define the derivative function of a given function.
Week 3
3.2.2 Graph a derivative function from the graph of a given function. Lesson Exercises
LV 3.2
3.2.3 State the connection between derivatives and continuity. 3.2 3.2
3.2.4 Describe three conditions for when a function does not have a derivative.
3.2.5 Explain the meaning of a higher-order derivative.
3.3 Differentiation Rules
3.3.1 State the constant, constant multiple, and power rules.
3.3.2 Apply the sum and difference rules to combine derivatives.
3.3.3 Use the product rule for finding the derivative of a product of functions. Lesson Exercises
LV 3.3
3.3.4 Use the quotient rule for finding the derivative of a quotient of functions. 3.3 3.3
3.3.5 Extend the power rule to functions with negative exponents.
3.3.6 Combine the differentiation rules to find the derivative of a polynomial or
rational function.
3.4 Derivatives as Rates of Change Exercises
Lesson
Week 4 3.4.1 Determine a new value of a quantity from the old value and the amount of LV 3.4
3.4 3.4
change.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine Normal University
The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

3.4.2 Calculate the average rate of change and explain how it differs from the
instantaneous rate of change.
3.4.3 Apply rates of change to displacement, velocity, and acceleration of an
object moving along a straight line.
3.4.4 Predict the future population from the present value and the population
growth rate.
3.4.5 Use derivatives to calculate marginal cost and revenue in a business
situation.
3.5 Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions
3.5.1 Find the derivatives of the sine and cosine function. Lesson Exercises
LV 3.5
3.5.2 Find the derivatives of the standard trigonometric functions. 3.5 3.5
3.5.3 Calculate the higher-order derivatives of the sine and cosine.
3.6 The Chain Rule
3.6.1 State the chain rule for the composition of two functions.
3.6.2 Apply the chain rule together with the power rule.
Lesson Exercises
3.6.3 Apply the chain rule and the product/quotient rules correctly in LV 3.6
3.6 3.6
combination when both are necessary.
3.6.4 Recognize the chain rule for a composition of three or more functions.
3.6.5 Describe the proof of the chain rule.
3.7 Derivatives of Inverse Functions
Lesson Exercises
3.7.1 Calculate the derivative of an inverse function. LV 3.7
3.7 3.7
3.7.2 Recognize the derivatives of the standard inverse trigonometric functions.
3.8 Implicit Differentiation
3.8.1 Find the derivative of a complicated function by using implicit Lesson Exercises
LV 3.8
Week 5 differentiation. 3.8 3.8
3.8.2 Use implicit differentiation to determine the equation of a tangent line.
3.9 Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions Exercises
3.9.1 Find the derivative of exponential functions. Lesson 3.9
LV 3.9
3.9.2 Find the derivative of logarithmic functions. 3.9 &
3.9.3 Use logarithmic differentiation to determine the derivative of a function. Chap 3 Test
Chapter 4: APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES
4.1 Related Rates
4.1.1 Express changing quantities in terms of derivatives. Lesson Exercises
LV 4.1
4.1.2 Find relationships among the derivatives in a given problem. 4.1 4.1
4.1.3 Use the chain rule to find the rate of change of one quantity that depends
on the rate of change of other quantities.
4.2 Linear Approximations and Differentials
4.2.1 Describe the linear approximation to a function at a point.
Week 6
4.2.2 Write the linearization of a given function.
Lesson Exercises
4.2.3 Draw a graph that illustrates the use of differentials to approximate the LV 4.2
4.2 4.2
change in a quantity.
4.2.4 Calculate the relative error and percentage error in using a differential
approximation.
4.3 Maxima and Minima
4.3.1 Define absolute extrema. Lesson Exercises
LV 4.3
4.3.2 Define local extrema. 4.3 4.3
4.3.3 Explain how to find the critical points of a function over a closed interval.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine Normal University
The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

4.3.4 Describe how to use critical points to locate absolute extrema over a closed
interval.
4.4 The Mean Value Theorem
4.4.1 Explain the meaning of Rolle’s theorem. Lesson Exercises
LV 4.4
4.4.2 Describe the significance of the Mean Value Theorem. 4.4 4.4
4.4.3 State three important consequences of the Mean Value Theorem.
4.5 Derivatives and the Shape of a Graph
4.5.1 Explain how the sign of the first derivative affects the shape of a function’s
graph.
4.5.2 State the first derivative test for critical points.
4.5.3 Use concavity and inflection points to explain how the sign of the second Lesson Exercises
LV 4.5
derivative affects the shape of a function’s graph. 4.5 4.5
4.5.4 Explain the concavity test for a function over an open interval.
4.5.5 Explain the relationship between a function and its first and second
Week 7 derivatives.
4.5.6 State the second derivative test for local extrema.
4.6 Limits at Infinity and Asymptotes
4.6.1 Calculate the limit of a function as x increases or decreases without bound.
4.6.2 Recognize a horizontal asymptote on the graph of a function.
Lesson Exercises
4.6.3 Estimate the end behavior of a function as x increases or decreases without LV 4.6
4.6 4.6
bound.
4.6.4 Recognize an oblique asymptote on the graph of a function.
4.6.5 Analyze a function and its derivatives to draw its graph.
4.7 Applied Optimization Problems Lesson Exercises
LV 4.7
4.7.1 Set up and solve optimization problems in several applied fields. 4.7 4.7
4.8 L’Hôpital’s Rule
4.8.1 Recognize when to apply L’Hôpital’s rule.
Lesson Exercises
4.8.2 Identify indeterminate forms produced by quotients, products, subtractions, LV 4.8
4.8 4.8
and powers, and apply L’Hôpital’s rule in each case.
4.8.3 Describe the relative growth rates of functions.
4.9 Newton’s Method
4.9.1 Describe the steps of Newton’s method.
Lesson Exercises
4.9.2 Explain what an iterative process means. LV 4.9
4.9 4.9
4.9.3 Recognize when Newton’s method does not work.
Week 8 4.9.4 Apply iterative processes to various situations.
4.10 Antiderivatives
4.10.1 Find the general antiderivative of a given function. Exercises
Lesson 4.10
4.10.2 Explain the terms and notation used for an indefinite integral. LV 4.10
4.10 &
4.10.3 State the power rule for integrals.
Chap 4 Test
4.10.4 Use anti-differentiation to solve simple initial-value problems.

MIDTERM EXAM
Chapter 5: INTEGRALS
Week 9 5.1 Approximating Areas Lesson Exercises
LV 5.1
5.1.1 Use sigma (summation) notation to calculate sums and powers of integers. 5.1 5.1
5.1.2 Use the sum of rectangular areas to approximate the area under a curve.

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 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine Normal University
The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

5.1.3 Use Riemann sums to approximate area.

5.2 The Definite Integral
5.2.1 State the definition of the definite integral.
5.2.2 Explain the terms integrand, limits of integration, and variable of
integration. Lesson Exercises
5.2.3 Explain when a function is integrable.
LV 5.2
5.2 5.2
5.2.4 Describe the relationship between the definite integral and net area.
5.2.5 Use geometry and the properties of definite integrals to evaluate them.
5.2.6 Calculate the average value of a function.
5.3 The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
5.3.1 Describe the meaning of the Mean Value Theorem for Integrals.
5.3.2 State the meaning of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Part 1.
5.3.3 Use the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Part 1, to evaluate derivatives of
Lesson Exercises
integrals. LV 5.3
5.3 5.3
5.3.4 State the meaning of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Part 2.
5.3.5 Use the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, Part 2, to evaluate definite
integrals.
5.3.6 Explain the relationship between differentiation and integration.
5.4 Integration Formulas and the Net Change Theorem
5.4.1 Apply the basic integration formulas.
Lesson Exercises
5.4.2 Explain the significance of the net change theorem. LV 5.4
5.4 5.4
5.4.3 Use the net change theorem to solve applied problems.
5.4.4 Apply the integrals of odd and even functions.
5.5 Substitution
Lesson Exercises
5.5.1 Use substitution to evaluate indefinite integrals. LV 5.5
5.5 5.5
5.5.2 Use substitution to evaluate definite integrals.
5.6 Integrals Involving Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
Week 10 Lesson Exercises
5.6.1 Integrate functions involving exponential functions. LV 5.6
5.6 5.6
5.6.2 Integrate functions involving logarithmic functions.
5.7 Integrals Resulting in Inverse Trigonometric Functions Exercises
Lesson
5.7.1 Integrate functions resulting in inverse trigonometric functions LV 5.7 5.7 &
5.7
Chap 5 Test
Chapter 6: APPLICATIONS OF INTEGRALS
6.1 Areas between Curves
6.1.1 Determine the area of a region between two curves by integrating with
Lesson Exercises
respect to the independent variable. LV 6.1
6.1 6.1
6.1.2 Find the area of a compound region.
6.1.3 Determine the area of a region between two curves by integrating with
Week 11 respect to the dependent variable.
6.2 Determining Volumes by Slicing
6.2.1 Determine the volume of a solid by integrating a cross-section (slicing
method). Lesson Exercises
LV 6.2
6.2.2 Find the volume of a solid of revolution using the disk method. 6.2 6.2
6.2.3 Find the volume of a solid of revolution with a cavity using the washer
method.

Course Syllabus in 2S-MATH12 Page 7

 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine Normal University
The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

6.3 Volumes of Revolution: Cylindrical Shells

6.3.1 Calculate the volume of a solid of revolution by using the method of Lesson Exercises
LV 6.3
cylindrical shells. 6.3 6.3
6.3.2 Compare the different methods for calculating a volume of revolution.
6.4 Arc Length of a Curve and Surface Area
6.4.1 Determine the length of a curve, y = f (x), between two points. Lesson Exercises
LV 6.4
6.4.2 Determine the length of a curve, x = g(y), between two points. 6.4 6.4
6.4.3 Find the surface area of a solid of revolution.
6.5 Physical Applications
6.5.1 Determine the mass of a one-dimensional object from its linear density
function.
6.5.2 Determine the mass of a two-dimensional circular object from its radial Lesson Exercises
density function.
LV 6.5
6.5 6.5
6.5.3 Calculate the work done by a variable force acting along a line.
6.5.4 Calculate the work done in pumping a liquid from one height to another.
6.5.5 Find the hydrostatic force against a submerged vertical plate.
6.6 Moments and Centers of Mass
6.6.1 Find the center of mass of objects distributed along a line.
Lesson Exercises
6.6.2 Locate the center of mass of a thin plate. LV 6.6
6.6 6.6
6.6.3 Use symmetry to help locate the centroid of a thin plate.
6.6.4 Apply the theorem of Pappus for volume.
6.7 Integrals, Exponential Functions, and Logarithms
6.7.1 Write the definition of the natural logarithm as an integral.
6.7.2 Recognize the derivative of the natural logarithm.
6.7.3 Integrate functions involving the natural logarithmic function.
Lesson Exercises
6.7.4 Define the number e through an integral. LV 6.7
6.7 6.7
6.7.5 Recognize the derivative and integral of the exponential function.
6.7.6 Prove properties of logarithms and exponential functions using integrals.
Week 12 6.7.7 Express general logarithmic and exponential functions in terms of natural
logarithms and exponentials.
6.8 Exponential Growth and Decay
6.8.1 Use the exponential growth model in applications, including population
growth and compound interest.
Lesson Exercises
6.8.2 Explain the concept of doubling time. LV 6.8
6.8 6.8
6.8.3 Use the exponential decay model in applications, including radioactive
decay and Newton’s law of cooling.
6.8.4 Explain the concept of half-life.
6.9 Calculus of the Hyperbolic Functions
6.9.1 Apply the formulas for derivatives and integrals of the hyperbolic functions. Exercises
Lesson
6.9.2 Apply the formulas for the derivatives of the inverse hyperbolic functions LV 6.9 6.9 &
6.9
and their associated integrals. Chap 6 Test
6.9.3 Describe the common applied conditions of a catenary curve.

FINAL EXAMINATION

Course Syllabus in 2S-MATH12 Page 8

 Republic of the Philippines
Philippine Normal University
The National Center for Teacher Education
Mindanao
The Multicultural Education Hub
Prosperidad, Agusan del Sur

Course References Main Reference :Herman, E & Strang, G. (2018).Calculus Volume 1.OpenStax, Houston, Texas
Web-link: https://openstax.org/details/books/calculus-volume-1
Other References:
Leithold, L. (1996). The Calculus 7. Harper Collins.
Dawkins, P. (2007). Calculus 1. https://notendur.hi.is/adl2/CalcI_Complete.pdf
Software/Application Tool: Calculus Solved
Performance Course Performance Performance Standard
Indicators and Evidences of Performance
Indicators (Assessment Criteria)
Evidences of
Performance Able to: Activity sheets/ Worksheets Exercises = 25%
 Answer the Work Sheets Chapter Tests = 25%
 Pass the ME and Final Summative Tests Midterm Exam = 25%
Exam Final Exam = 25%
 Participate in online
discussions.
 Submission of required worksheets
Course
Requirements  Participation in major examinations

Grading System Grading System:

Weight of the requirements in computation of the course grade:
Exercises = 25%
Chapter Tests = 25%
Midterm Exam = 25%
Final Exam = 25%
Course Policy  Participation in online activities is optional as not all students have stable internet connections.
 Work Sheets are considered formative tests. They can be accomplished by students in their own
homes. They are counted as quizzes. Hence, they shall be submitted personally as hard copy or online
(via email or through Google Classroom) at the specified time.
 Submission of complete set of Exercises and Chapter Tests is required. Failure to submit at least one
Work Sheet means an INC grade.
 Midterm and Final Examinations shall be done Face to Face in a proctored classroom environment.
Physical Distancing must be observed.
Consultation Monday to Friday
Via email at pontiveros.fc@pnu.edu.ph , or by Phone : 09392176513

Prepared by: FABIAN C. PONTIVEROS JR. Approved by:

Faculty CONCEPCION G. BELZA, D.A.
Associate Dean
CESARIO C. GALANIDA
Faculty
ADELYNE M. COSTELO-ABREA, Ph.D.
HENRY T. AGUILAR Dean, Academics & ME
Faculty
The faculty reserves the right to add or delete some of the contents of this syllabus and the course requirements with reasonable
notification to students enrolled.

Course Syllabus in 2S-MATH12 Page 9