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    Creeplife-Larson Miller Parameter PDF

    Uploaded by

    Isaac Samuel Raja
    1) Creep tests take a long time, so time-temperature parameters are used to extrapolate creep rates and rupture times beyond what has been directly measured in tests. 2) The Larson-Miller parameter is one such time-temperature parameter that relates temperature, time, and creep strain according to an Arrhenius equation. 3) By plotting experimental creep rupture data of the logarithm of rupture time versus the inverse of temperature, the Larson-Miller constant for a material can be determined from the slope and intercept of the straight line relationship. This allows prediction of creep lives at un-tested conditions.

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    Creeplife-Larson Miller Parameter PDF

    Uploaded by

    Isaac Samuel Raja
    494 views2 pages
    1) Creep tests take a long time, so time-temperature parameters are used to extrapolate creep rates and rupture times beyond what has been directly measured in tests. 2) The Larson-Miller parameter is one such time-temperature parameter that relates temperature, time, and creep strain according to an Arrhenius equation. 3) By plotting experimental creep rupture data of the logarithm of rupture time versus the inverse of temperature, the Larson-Miller constant for a material can be determined from the slope and intercept of the straight line relationship. This allows prediction of creep lives at un-tested conditions.

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    1) Creep tests take a long time, so time-temperature parameters are used to extrapolate creep rates and rupture times beyond what has been directly measured in tests. 2) The Larson-Miller parameter is one such time-temperature parameter that relates temperature, time, and creep strain according to an Arrhenius equation. 3) By plotting experimental creep rupture data of the logarithm of rupture time versus the inverse of temperature, the Larson-Miller constant for a material can be determined from the slope and intercept of the straight line relationship. This allows prediction of creep lives at un-tested conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    494 views2 pages

    Creeplife-Larson Miller Parameter PDF

    Uploaded by

    Isaac Samuel Raja
    1) Creep tests take a long time, so time-temperature parameters are used to extrapolate creep rates and rupture times beyond what has been directly measured in tests. 2) The Larson-Miller parameter is one such time-temperature parameter that relates temperature, time, and creep strain according to an Arrhenius equation. 3) By plotting experimental creep rupture data of the logarithm of rupture time versus the inverse of temperature, the Larson-Miller constant for a material can be determined from the slope and intercept of the straight line relationship. This allows prediction of creep lives at un-tested conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    10.

    Creep Life Prediction: Creep tests take a long time to perform making the
    generation of design data expensive and the lead time between developing a
    new alloy and its exploitation excessive. The fact that there is an Arrhenius
    relation between creep rate and temperature has led to a number of time-
    temperature parameters to be developed which enable extrapolation and
    prediction of creep rates or creep rupture times to longer times than have been
    measured. They also enable rating comparisons to be made between different
    materials. It is important that no structural changes occur in the region of
    extrapolation, but since these would occur at shorter times for higher
    temperatures it is safer to predict below the temperature for which data is known
    than above. One parameter used is the Larson-Miller Parameter.
    •
    æQö
    This is derived by taking natural logs of the Arrhenius equation: ε = Aexp− ç ÷
    è kT ø
    (Note that k is being used here instead of R so that Q is quoted in joules per
    atom. Also, if logs to the base 10 are used, the Larson-Miller Constant values
    given below are multiplied by log10e = 0.43429)
    • Q • Q
    ln ε = ln A − , ∴ ln A − ln ε = . If we assume that the creep strain to rupture
    kT kT
    ε r is a constant over the temperature range of interest, and the major part of the
    creep strain is steady state creep, then the average creep rate over the life to
    • ε
    rupture, t r , of the specimen is: ε = r .
    tr
    æε ö Q
    ∴ ln A − lnçç r ÷÷ = ln A − ln ε r + ln t r =
    è tr ø kT

    ∴ T (C1 + ln t r ) = = P ...(11), where C1 = ln A − ln t r is the Larson-miller


    Q
    k
    Constant and P is the Larson-Miller Parameter for a particular stress, since
    Q = (Q0 − vσ ) . Plotting experimental data of
    1
    ln t r versus gives a straight line with slope
    T
    1
    P and intercept at = 0 of - C1 . The values
    T
    of C1 range from 35 to 60, but is typically 46,
    and Figure 26 shows that it is independent of
    stress.

    Figure 26: Stress rupture data plotted as


    ln(rupture time) versus reciprocal of absolute
    temperature.
    Figure 27: Shows a plot of stress
    versus Larson-Miller
    Parameter for the alloy
    Astroloy.

    It is clear that for a given stress,


    the Larson-miller Parameter for
    the material can be obtained and the time to rupture predicted for any
    temperature. Alternatively, given a lifetime required at a specified temperature,
    the L-M Parameter can be calculated and the maximum allowed stress looked up
    on a graph like Figure 26. E.g., For a 100,000 hour life at 870oC (1143 K),
    P = 1143(ln105 + 46) = 65.7.103. This corresponds to a stress of 85 MNm-2.

    In practice, alloys used in applications like turbine blades experience a wide


    range of stresses and temperatures for varying times during start-up, take-off,
    steady flight, landing and shut-down. Creep strains accumulate during these
    stages and design could assume a 'worst case' scenario, but this would lead to a
    weight penalty in the aero-engine and less payload. Alternatively, an approach
    similar to Miner's Law in fatigue can be adopted, and this is called the 'Life
    fraction rule'. This states that rupture occurs when the sum of all the fractions of
    the rupture life at different stress/temperature combinations becomes equal to
    unity. I.e.
    æt t t ö t 1
    å çç t 1 + t 2 + t 3 .....÷÷ = å i t i = ò t dt =1 ....(12), where ti is the time spent at a
    è R1 R2 R3 ø Ri R

    particular stress/ temperature combination where the time to rupture is t Ri . The


    data in Figure 9 can be used to carry out such a calculation.

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