Designation: A 961/A 961M – 04a

Standard Specification for

Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings,
Valves, and Parts for Piping Applications1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 961/A 961M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* text and the tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The
1.1 This specification covers a group of common require- values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; there-
ments that shall apply to steel flanges, forged fittings, valves, fore each system must be used independently of the other.
and parts for piping applications under any of the following Combining values from the two systems may result in noncon-
individual product specifications: formance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall
Title of Specification ASTM Designation
apply, unless the “M” designation (SI) of the product specifi-
cation is specified in the order.
Forgings, Carbon Steel, for Piping Components A 105/A 105M
Forgings, Carbon Steel, for General-Purpose Piping A 181/A 181M 2. Referenced Documents
Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged A 182/A 182M
Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High Temperature 2.1 ASTM Standards: 2
Service A 105/A 105M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for
Forgings, Carbon and Low Alloy Steel, Requiring Notch A 350/A 350M
Toughness Testing for Piping Components
Piping Applications
Forged or Rolled 8 and 9 % Nickel Alloy A 522/A 522M A 181/A 181M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for
Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts General-Purpose Piping
for Low-Temperature Service
Forgings, Carbon and Alloy Steel, for Pipe Flanges, A 694/A 694M
A 182/A 182M Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy-
Fittings, Valves, and Parts for High-Pressure Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts
Transmission Service for High-Temperature Service
Flanges, Forged, Carbon and Alloy Steel for Low A 707/A 707M
Temperature Service
A 275/A 275M Test Method for Magnetic Particle Exami-
Forgings, Carbon Steel, for Piping Components with A 727/A 727M nation of Steel Forgings
Inherent Notch Toughness A 350/A 350M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy
Forgings, Titanium-Stabilized Carbon Steel, for A 836/A 836M
Glass-Lined Piping and Pressure Vessel Service Steel Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for
Piping Components
1.2 In case of conflict between a requirement of the indi- A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
vidual product specification and a requirement of this general of Steel Products
requirement specification, the requirements of the individual A 522/A 522M Specification for Forged or Rolled 8 and
product specification shall prevail over those of this specifica- 9 % Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts
tion. for Low-Temperature Service
1.3 By mutual agreement between the purchaser and the A 694/A 694M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel
supplier, additional requirements may be specified (see Section Forgings for Pipe Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts for
4.1.2). The acceptance of any such additional requirements High-Pressure Transmission Service
shall be dependent on negotiations with the supplier and must A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
be included in the order as agreed upon between the purchaser Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
and supplier. A 707/A 707M Specification for Forged Carbon and Alloy
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units Steel Flanges for Low-Temperature Service
(metric) are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the A 727/A 727M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings, for
Piping Components with Inherent Notch Toughness
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published September 2004. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 961–04. the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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A 751 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for 3.2.6 seamless tubing, n—a tubular product made without a
Chemical Analysis of Steel Products welded seam.
A 836/A 836M Specification for Titanium-Stabilized Car- 3.2.6.1 Discussion—It is manufactured usually by hot
bon Steel Forgings for Glass-Lined Piping and Pressure working the material, and if necessary, by subsequently cold
Vessel Service finishing the hot worked tubular product to produce the desired
A 941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re- shape, dimensions and properties.
lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A 967 Specification for Chemical Passivation Treatments 4. Ordering Information
for Stainless Steel Parts
4.1 It is the purchaser’s responsibility to specify in the
A 991/A 991M Test Method for Conducting Temperature
purchase order all ordering information necessary to purchase
Uniformity Surveys of Furnaces Used to Heat Treat Steel
the needed material. Examples of such information include, but
Products
are not limited to, the following:
B 880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical
Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and 4.1.1 Quantity,
Cobalt Alloys 4.1.2 Size and pressure class or dimensions, (tolerances and
E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination surface finishes should be included),
E 381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, 4.1.3 Specification number with grade or class, or both, as
Blooms, and Forgings applicable, and year/date,
E 709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Examination 4.1.4 Supplementary requirements, and
E 1916 Guide for Identification and/or Segregation of 4.1.5 Additional requirements.
Mixed Lots of Metals
2.2 ASME Standard:3 5. Melting Process
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code–Section IX
2.3 Military Standard:4 5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the individual Product
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship- Specification, the steel shall be fully killed.
ment and Storage 5.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser,
2.4 Manufacturer’s Standardization Society Standard:5 it shall be stated on the purchase order.
SP 25 Standard Marking System of Valves, Fittings, 5.3 The primary melting may incorporate separate degas-
Flanges and Unions sing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting,
such as electroslag remelting or vacuum remelting. If second-
3. Terminology ary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all of the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of other terms used in this ingot remelted from a single primary heat.
specification, refer to Terminology A 941. 5.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast. When
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: steel of different grades is sequentially strand cast, identifica-
3.2.1 bar, n—a solid rolled or forged section that is long in tion of the resultant transition material is required. The steel
relationship to its cross sectional dimensions, with a relatively producer shall remove the transition material by an established
constant cross section throughout its length and a wrought procedure that positively separates the grades.
microstructure. 5.5 A sufficient discard shall be made from the source
3.2.2 certifying organization, n—the company or associa- material to secure freedom from injurious porosity and shrink-
tion responsible for the conformance of, and marking of, the age, and undue segregation.
product to the specification requirements.
3.2.3 fitting, n—a component for non-bolted joints in piping 6. Manufacture
systems.
6.1 The finished part shall be manufactured from a forging
3.2.4 flange, n—a component for bolted joints used in
that is as close as practicable to the finished size or shape.
piping systems.
Alternative starting materials may be used, but with the
3.2.5 forging, n—the product of a substantially compressive
following exceptions and requirements.
hot or cold plastic working operation that consolidates the
material and produces the required shape. 6.1.1 Bar—Flanges, elbows, return bends, tees, and header
3.2.5.1 Discussion—The plastic working must be per- tees shall not be machined directly from bar. Other hollow
formed by a forging machine, such as a hammer, press, or ring cylindrical shaped parts up to, and including, NPS 4 can be
rolling machine, and must deform the material to produce a machined from bar provided that the axial length of the part is
wrought structure throughout the material cross section. approximately parallel to the metal flow lines of the starting
stock.
6.1.2 Seamless Tubing—Flanges shall not be machined
3
Available from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park directly from seamless tubing. Other hollow cylindrical shaped
Avenue, New York, NY 10016–5990.
4
parts up to, and including NPS 4, can be machined from
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,
700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
seamless tubing provided that the axial length of the part is
5
Available from the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and approximately parallel to the metal flow lines of the starting
Fittings Industry (MSS), 127 Park Street, NW., Vienna, VA 22180. stock.
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7. Heat Treatment specification, within the permissible variations of Table 1 or
7.1 Material requiring heat treatment shall be treated as Table 2 of this specification, as appropriate for the grade being
specified in the individual product specification using the supplied.
following procedures that are defined in more detail in Termi-
nology A 941. 9. Mechanical Requirements
7.1.1 Full Annealing—Material shall be uniformly reheated 9.1 Method of Mechanical Tests—All tests shall be con-
to a temperature above the transformation range and, after ducted in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.
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holding for a sufficient time at this temperature, cooled slowly 9.2 For the purpose of determining conformance to the
to a temperature below the transformation range. product specification requirements, specimens shall be ob-
7.1.2 Solution Annealing—Material shall be heated to a tained from the production forgings, or from separately forged
temperature that causes the chrome carbides to go into solu- test blanks prepared from the stock used to make the finished
tion, and then, quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other product. In either case, mechanical test specimens shall not be
means to prevent reprecipitation. removed until after all heat treatment is complete. If repair
7.1.3 Isothermal Annealing—Isothermal annealing shall welding is performed, test specimens shall not be removed
consist of austenitizing a ferrous alloy, and then, cooling to and
holding within the range of temperature at which the austenite
transforms to a relatively soft ferrite-carbide aggregate. TABLE 1 Product Analysis Tolerances for Higher Alloy and
7.1.4 Normalizing— Material shall be uniformly reheated to Stainless SteelsA
a temperature above the transformation range, and subse- Element Limit or Maximum of Tolerance Over the
Specified Range, Wt % Maximum Limit or
quently, cooled in air at room temperature. Under the Minimum
7.1.5 Tempering and Post-Weld Heat Treatment—Material Limit
shall be reheated to the prescribed temperature below the Carbon 0.030, incl 0.005
transformation range, held at temperature for the greater of 30 over 0.030 to 0.20 incl. 0.01
Manganese to 1.00 incl. 0.03
min or 1 h/in. [25.4 mm] of thickness at the thickest section and over 1.00 to 3.00 incl. 0.04
cooled in still air. over 3.00 to 6.00 0.05
over 6.00 to 10.00 0.06
7.1.6 Stress Relieving— Material shall be uniformly heated Phosphorous to 0.040, incl. 0.005
to the selected stress relieving temperature. The temperature over 0.040 to 0.20, incl. 0.010
shall not vary from the selected temperature by more than 625 Sulfur to 0.030, incl. 0.005
Silicon to 1.00, incl. 0.05
°F [614 °C]. over 1.00 to 5.00 incl. 0.10
7.1.7 Quench and Temper—Material shall be fully austen- Chromium over 4.00 to 10.00 incl. 0.10
over 10.00 to 15.00 incl. 0.15
itized and quenched immediately in a suitable liquid medium. over 15.00 to 20.00 incl. 0.20
The quenched fittings shall be reheated to a minimum tempera- over 20.00 to 27.50 incl. 0.25
ture of 1100 °F [590 °C] and cooled in still air. Nickel to 1.00 incl. 0.03
over 1.00 to 5.00 incl. 0.07
over 5.00 to 10.00 incl. 0.10
8. Chemical Requirements over 10.00 to 20.00 incl. 0.15
over 20.00 to 22.00 incl. 0.20
8.1 Chemical Analysis—Samples for chemical analysis and Molybdenum to 0.20 incl. 0.01
over 0.20 to 0.60 incl. 0.03
methods of analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods,
over 0.60 to 2.00 incl. 0.05
Practices, and Terminology A 751. over 2.00 to 7.00 incl. 0.10
8.2 Heat Analysis—An analysis of each heat of steel shall Titanium all ranges 0.05
Columbium (Niobium) all ranges 0.05
be made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentages + Tantalum
of those elements specified in the individual product specifi- Columbium (Niobium) 0.05 to 0.20 incl. 0.01
Tantalum to 0.10 incl. 0.02
cation. If secondary melting processes are employed, the heat Copper to 0.50, incl. 0.03
analysis shall be obtained from one remelted ingot, or the over 0.50 to 1.00, incl. 0.05
product of one remelted ingot, from each primary melt. The over 1.00 to 3.00, incl. 0.10
over 3.00 to 5.00, incl. 0.15
chemical analysis thus determined shall conform to the require- over 5.00 to 10.00, incl. 0.20
ments of the individual product specification. Note that the Cobalt 0.05 to 0.20 incl. 0.01B
product analysis (check analysis) tolerances are not to be Nitrogen to 0.19 incl 0.01
over 0.19 to 0.25 0.02
applied to the Heat Analysis requirements. over 0.25 to 0.35 0.03
8.3 Product Analysis—If a product analysis is performed it over 0.35 to 0.45 0.04
over 0.45 to 0.60 0.05
shall be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and Aluminum to 0.05 incl. 0.01
Terminology A 751. Samples for analysis shall be taken from Vanadium to 0.10 incl. 0.01
midway between center and surface of solid parts, midway over 0.10 to 0.25 incl. 0.02
Cerium 0.03 to 0.08 −0.005
between inner and outer surfaces of hollow parts, midway +0.01
between center and surface of full-size prolongations or from A
This table does not apply to heat analysis.
broken mechanical test specimens. The chemical composition B
Product analysis limits for cobalt under 0.05 % have not been established and
thus determined shall conform to the limits of the product the producer should be consulted for those limits.

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TABLE 2 Product Analysis Tolerances for Low Alloy SteelsA
Tolerance Over Maximum Limit or Under Minimum Limit for Size Ranges Shown, Wt %B
Element Limit or Maximum of 100 in.2 Over 100 to 200 in.2 Over 200 to 400 in.2 Over 400 in.2
Specified Range, Wt % [645 cm2], or less [645 to 1290 cm2], incl [1290 to 2580 cm2], incl [2580 cm2]
Mn to 0.90 incl 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
over 0.90 to 1.00 incl 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07
P to 0.045 incl 0.005 0.010 0.010 0.010
S to 0.045 incl 0.005 0.010 0.010 0.010
Si to 0.40 incl 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04
over 0.40 to 1.00 incl 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07
Cr to 0.90 incl 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.05
over 0.90 to 2.10 incl 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07
over 2.10 to 3.99 incl 0.10 0.10 0.12 0.14
Ni to 0.50 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
Mo to 0.20 incl 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03
over 0.20 to 0.40 incl 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04
over 0.40 to 1.15 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06
Cu to 1.00 incl 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
over 1.00 to 2.00 incl 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
Ti to 0.10 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
V to 0.10 incl 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01
over 0.10 to 0.25 incl 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02
over 0.25 to 0.50 incl 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03
A
Product Analysis for C, B, Cb and Ca shall conform to the Product Specification.
B
Cross-sectional area.

until after post-weld heat treatment is complete, unless permit- 11.4 The results of the tensile tests shall conform to the
ted by the product specification. The locations from which test tensile property requirements prescribed in the product speci-
specimens are removed shall be in accordance with the Product fication.
Specification. 11.5 If the results of tension tests do not conform to the
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9.3 If separately forged test blanks are used, they shall be of requirements specified in the product specification, retests are
the same heat of steel, be subjected to substantially the same permitted as outlined in Test Methods and Definitions A 370. If
reduction and working as the production forging they repre- the results of any tension test specimen are less than specified
sent, be heat treated in the same furnace charge except as because a flaw becomes evident in the test specimen during
provided for in the reduced testing provisions of the product testing, a retest shall be allowed provided that the defect is not
specification, under the same conditions as the production attributable to ruptures, cracks, or flakes in the steel.
forging, and be of the same nominal thickness as the maximum
heat treated thickness of the production forging. 12. Impact Requirements
9.4 When parts are machined from bar or seamless tubing,
12.1 The part shall conform to the impact requirements
as permitted in 6.1.1 and 6.1.2, the mechanical properties may
prescribed in the product specification.
be determined for the parts from the starting material, if the
parts have not been subjected to any subsequent thermal 12.2 Sampling for impact testing shall conform to the
processing since the time of mechanical test. Product Specification.
12.3 If the average impact energy value meets the product
10. Hardness Requirements specification requirements, but the energy value for one speci-
men is below the specified minimum value for individual
10.1 The part shall conform to the hardness requirements
specimens, a retest is permitted. This shall consist of two
prescribed in the product specification.
impact specimens from a location adjacent to, and on either
10.2 Sampling for hardness testing shall conform to the
side of, the specimen that failed. Each of the retested speci-
product specification.
mens must exhibit an energy value equal to or greater than the
minimum average value required by the product specification.
11. Tensile Requirements
11.1 Sampling for tensile testing shall conform to the 13. Hydrostatic Test Requirements
Product Specification.
11.2 When the dimensions of the material to be tested will 13.1 Parts manufactured under this specification shall be
permit, the tension test specimens shall be machined to capable of passing a hydrostatic test compatible with the rating
standard round 2-in. [50-mm] gage length tension test speci- of the finished part. Such tests shall be conducted by the
men described in Test Methods and Definitions A 370. supplier only when the hydrostatic test supplementary require-
11.3 In the case of small sections, which will not permit ment in the product specification is invoked by the purchaser.
taking of the standard test specimen described in 11.2, the
subsize round specimen shall be machined as described in Test 14. Rework
Methods and Definitions A 370. The tension test specimen 14.1 When one or more representative test specimens or
shall be as large as feasible. retest specimens do not conform to the requirements specified

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in the product specification for the tested characteristic, the permitted at the discretion of the supplier. All weld repairs shall
product may be reworked according to the following require- be performed in accordance with the following limitations and
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ments: requirements.
14.1.1 If previously tested in the unheat treated condition, 16.1.1 The welding procedure and welders shall be qualified
the product may be reworked by heat treatment, and subse- in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and
quently retested, in accordance with the product specification. Pressure Vessel Code.
14.1.2 If previously tested in the heat treated condition, the 16.1.2 Defects shall be completely removed prior to weld-
product may be reworked by reheat treatment, and subse- ing by chipping or grinding to sound metal. Removal of these
quently retested, in accordance with the product specification. defects shall be verified by magnetic particle inspection in
accordance with Test Method A 275/A 275M or Guide E 709
15. Finish and Appearance
for the ferritic, martensitic, or ferritic/austenitic grades, or by
15.1 The parts shall conform to the dimensions, tolerances, liquid penetrant inspection in accordance with Test Method
and finish as specified on the purchaser’s drawing or order. E 165 for ferritic, martensitic, or austenitic grades.
15.2 The finished parts shall be cleaned to remove all scale 16.1.3 After repair welding, the welded area shall be ground
and processing compounds prior to the final surface examina- smooth to the original contour and shall be completely free of
tion. The cleaning process shall not injure the surface finish, defects as verified by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant
material properties, or the metallurgical structure. The cleaned inspection, as applicable.
parts shall be protected to prevent recontamination. Protective 16.1.4 Repair by welding shall not exceed 10 % of the
coatings on parts subsequently subjected to socket welds or surface area of the part, or 331⁄3 % of the wall thickness of the
butt welds shall be suitable for welding without removal of the finished product, or 3⁄8 in. [10 mm] deep at the location of the
coating. When specified in the purchase order, parts may be repair.
furnished in the as-formed or as-forged condition.
16.2 The weld repair shall conform to 9.2 and to the
15.3 The parts shall be free of injurious imperfections as
additional requirements, if any, invoked in the Product Speci-
defined below. At the discretion of the inspector representing
fication.
the purchaser, finished parts shall be subject to rejection if
surface imperfections acceptable under 15.5 are not scattered,
17. Inspection
but appear over a large area.
15.4 Depth of Injurious Imperfections—Selected typical 17.1 The supplier shall afford the purchaser’s inspector all
linear and other typical surface imperfections shall be explored reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that the material
for depth. When the depth encroaches on the minimum is being produced and furnished in accordance with the general
specified wall thickness of the finished part, such imperfections specification and the applicable product specification. Site
shall be considered injurious. inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere unnecessarily
15.5 Imperfections Not Classified as Injurious—Surface with the supplier’s operations.
imperfections not classified as injurious shall be treated as
follows: 18. Rejection and Rehearing
15.5.1 Seams, laps, tears, or slivers not deeper than 5 % of 18.1 Samples representing material rejected by the pur-
the actual wall thickness at the point of interest or 1⁄16 in. [1.6 chaser shall be preserved until disposition of the claim has been
mm], whichever is less, are acceptable. If deeper, these agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
imperfections require removal, and shall be removed by 18.2 Material that shows injurious defects subsequent to its
machining or grinding. acceptance at the manufacturer’s works will be rejected, and
15.5.2 Mechanical marks or abrasions and pits shall be the manufacturer shall be notified.
acceptable without grinding or machining provided the depth
does not exceed 1⁄16 in. [1.6 mm]. If such imperfections are 19. Certification
deeper than 1⁄16 in. [1.6 mm] but do not encroach on the
minimum wall thickness of the forging they shall be removed 19.1 Marking of the ASTM specification number and manu-
by machining or grinding to sound metal. facturer’s name or trademark on the parts, and printing of the
15.5.3 The wall thickness at the point of grinding, or at same on test reports, when required, shall be certification that
imperfections not required to be removed, shall be determined the parts have been furnished in accordance with the require-
by deducting the amount removed by grinding, from the ments of the specification.
nominal finished wall thickness of the part. In any case, the 19.2 Test reports shall be traceable to the heat identification
wall thickness shall not be less than the specified minimum on the parts. They shall contain the information specified by the
value. Product Specification and the purchaser order. They shall
include the specification number and year/date of issue.
16. Repair by Welding 19.3 A certificate printed from or used in electronic data
16.1 The purchaser may require the supplier to submit interchange (EDI) transmission shall be regarded as having the
proposed weld repairs for approval by invoking the appropriate same validity as a counterpoint printed in the certifiers facility.
supplementary requirement from the applicable product speci- The content of the EDI transmitted document shall conform to
fication in the purchase order. If the purchaser does not require any existing EDI agreement between the purchaser and sup-
prior approval of proposed weld repairs, these repairs shall be plier.

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19.4 Not withstanding the absence of a signature, the 21. Packaging, Marking and Loading for Shipment
organization submitting either a printed certificate or an EDI
21.1 Packaging, marking, and loading for shipment shall be
transmitted certificate is responsible for the content of the
in accordance with Practices A 700.
report.
21.2 When specified in the contract or order, and or direct
20. Marking procurement by or direct shipment to the government, when
20.1 Each piece shall be legibly marked with the ASTM Level A is specified, preservation, packaging, and packing shall
specification number, grade and class, certifying organization’s be in accordance with Level A requirements of MIL-STD-163.
name or symbol, the heat number or heat identification, size,
and service rating, if applicable. It is not required to mark the 22. Keywords
product with the specification year and date of issue. The
22.1 alloy steel; carbon steel; fittings; flanges; forgings;
Standard Marking System of Valves, Fittings, Flanges and
general requirement; piping applications; pressure containing
Unions (SP 25) may be followed except the word “steel” shall
parts; stainless steel; temperature service applications—
not be substituted for the ASTM designation.
20.2 Product marking shall conform to the additional re- elevated; temperature service applications—high; valves
quirements, if any, invoked in the product specification or
purchase order.

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

These requirements shall not be considered unless specified in the order, in which event, the
supplementary requirements specified shall be made at the place of manufacture, unless otherwise
agreed upon, at the purchaser’s expense. The test specified shall be witnessed by the purchaser’s
inspector before shipment of material, if so specified in the order. The rationale for beginning the
section numbering with S50 is to eliminate the possibility of confusion with supplementary
requirements existing in individual product specifications.

S50. Macroetch Test S53. Tension Tests

S50.1 A sample forging shall be sectioned and etched to S53.1 In addition to the requirements of Section 9, one
show flow lines and internal imperfections. The test shall be tension specimen shall be obtained from a representative
conducted according to Method E 381. forging from each heat at a location agreed upon between the
certifying organization and the purchaser. The results of the test
S50.2 Acceptance limits shall be as agreed upon between
shall comply with the tensile property requirements listed in
the certifying organization and the purchaser.
the applicable product specification and shall be reported to the
purchaser.
S51. Heat Analysis
S51.1 When secondary melting processes are employed, a S54. Impact Tests
heat analysis shall be obtained from each remelted ingot, or the S54.1 In addition to the requirements of Section 9, three
product of each remelted ingot, from each primary melt. The CVN impact energy specimens shall be obtained from a
chemical analysis thus determined shall conform to the require- representative forging from each heat at a location agreed upon
ments of the individual product specification. Note that the between the certifying organization and the purchaser. The
product analysis (check analysis) tolerances are not to be results of the test shall comply with the CVN impact energy
applied to the heat analysis requirements. requirements listed in the applicable product specification and
shall be reported to the purchaser.
S52. Product Analysis
S55. Magnetic Particle Examination
S52.1 A product analysis shall be made from one randomly S55.1 All accessible surfaces of the finished forging shall be
selected forging representing each heat. The results shall examined by a magnetic particle method. The method shall be
comply with the product analysis limits listed in the applicable in accordance with Test Method A 275. Acceptance limits shall
product specification. For Specification A 182/A 182M grades be as agreed upon between the certifying organization and the
of F20 and F58, results shall comply with the product analysis purchaser.
limits listed in Specification B 880.
S52.2 If the analysis fails to comply, each forging shall be S56. Liquid Penetrant Examination
checked or the lot rejected. All results shall be reported to the S56.1 All accessible surfaces shall be examined by a liquid
purchaser. penetrant method in accordance with Test Method E 165.

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 A 961/A 961M – 04a
Acceptance limits shall be as agreed upon between the certi- S62. Requirements for Carbon Steel Products for
fying organization and the purchaser. Concentrated Hydrofluoric Acid Service
S57. Hydrostatic Testing S62.1 Products shall be provided in the normalized heat-
treated condition.
S57.1 A hydrostatic test at a pressure agreed upon between S62.2 The maximum carbon equivalent based on heat
the certifying organization and the purchaser shall be applied analysis shall be as follows:
by the certifying organization.
Maximum section thickness less than or equal to 1 in. CE maximum = 0.43
Maximum section thickness greater than 1 in. CE maximum = 0.45
S58. Repair Welding
S58.1 No repair welding shall be permitted without prior S62.3 Determine the carbon equivalent (CE) as follows:
approval of the purchaser. If permitted, the restrictions of CE 5 C 1 Mn / 6 1 ~Cr 1 Mo 1 V! / 5 1 ~Ni 1 Cu! / 15
Section 16 shall apply. S62.4 Vanadium and Niobium maximum content based on
S59. Electropolished Austenitic and Ferritic–Austenitic heat analysis shall be:
Grades Maximum Vanadium = 0.02 wt %
Maximum NiobiumA = 0.02 wt %
S59.1 All electropolished austenitic and ferritic–austenitic Maximum Vanadium plus NiobiumA = 0.03 wt %
products shall be of a cleanliness in accordance with Specifi- A
Niobium = Columbium
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cation A 967. S62.5 The maximum composition based on heat analysis of

S59.2 Details concerning which test method of Specifica- Ni + Cu shall be 0.15 wt %.
tion A 967 are to be a matter of agreement between the S62.6 The minimum C content based on heat analysis shall
manufacturer and the purchaser. be 0.18 wt %. The maximum C content shall be as specified in
the appropriate material specification.
S60. Positive Material Identification Examination
S62.7 Repair welds shall not be made with E60XX elec-
S60.1 Forgings shall receive positive material identification trodes. Use of E70XX electrodes is recommended, and the
to ensure that the purchaser is receiving forgings of the correct resulting weld chemistry should meet the same chemistry
material grade prior to shipment of the forgings. This exami- criteria as the base metal as listed above.
nation is a method to ensure that no material grade mix-up has S62.8 In addition to the requirements of product marking of
occurred during the manufacturing and marking of the forg- the specification, a “HF-N” stamp or marking shall be provided
ings. on each component to identify that component complies with
S60.2 Forgings shall receive a positive material identifica- this supplementary requirement.
tion examination in accordance with Guide E 1916.
S60.3 The quantity examined shall be 100 % of the forg- S63 Pressure Equipment Directive—Mechanical Testing
ings.
S60.4 All forgings that are not of the correct material grade S63.1 Charpy impact testing shall be done at the lowest
shall be rejected. scheduled operating temperature but not higher than 68 °F [20
S60.5 The method of forging marking after examination °C].
shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the S63.2 The frequency of impact testing shall be the same as
purchaser. that specified in the product specification for the tension test,
with three individual Charpy test specimens for each required
S61. Heat Treatment in the Working Zone of a Surveyed tension test.
Furnace S63.3 The minimum impact absorption energy for the
S61.1 Material shall be heat treated in the working zone of Charpy test specimen shall be at least 20 ft/lb [27 J].
a furnace that has been surveyed in accordance with Test S63.4 The minimum elongation in the tension test shall be
Method A 991/A 991M, provided that such working zone was measured on a gage length of five times the diameter of the test
established using a variation of 25 °F [14 °C] or less from the specimen, and it shall not be less than 14 %.
furnace set point. S63.5 Impact and tension test results shall be included in the
S61.2 The test report shall indicate that S61 applies. product certification.

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 A 961/A 961M – 04a
ANNEX

(Mandatory Information)

A1. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW MATERIALS

A1.1 New materials may be proposed for inclusion in A1.1.3 The application shall be accompanied by test data as
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specifications referencing this specification of general require- required by the applicable specification. Test data from a
ments subject to the following conditions: minimum of three test lots, as defined by the specification, each
A1.1.1 Application for the addition of a new grade to a from a different heat, shall be furnished.
specification shall be made to the chairman of the subcommit- A1.1.4 The application shall provide recommendations for
tee, which has jurisdiction over that specification. all requirements appearing in the applicable specification.
A1.1.2 The application shall be accompanied by a statement A1.1.5 The application shall state whether or not the new
from at least one user indicating that there is a need for the new grade is covered by patent.
grade to be included in the applicable specification.

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 961 – 04, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved September 1, 2004)

(1) Revised specification to meet the requirements of a dual (2) Revised Section 18 on Rejection and Rehearing.
value version.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A 961 – 02, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved March 1, 2004)

(1) Added Supplementary Requirement S62 on Requirements (2) Added Supplementary Requirement S63 on Pressure Equip-
for Carbon Steel Products for Concentrated Hydrofluoric Acid ment Directive—Mechanical Testing.
Service. (3) Corrected designation to reflect combined standard format.

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

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if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
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