T his international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

a Designation: A961/A961 M- 21
�u 117
INTERNATIONAL

Standard Specification for

Common Requirements for Steel Flanges, Forged Fittings,
Valves, and Parts for Piping Applications1

This standard is issued under the fixed designation A961/A961M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* the tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated
1.1 This specification covers a group of common require­ in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
ments that shall apply to steel flanges, forged fittings, valves, system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
and parts for piping applications under any of the following values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
individual product specifications: with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply, unless the
"M" designation (SI) of the product specification is specified in
Title of Specification ASTM Designation
the order.
Forgings, Carbon Steel, for Piping Components A105/A105M
1.5 T his international standard was developed in accor­
Forgings, Carbon Steel, for General-Purpose Piping A181/A181M
Forged or Rolled Alloy-Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged A182/A182M
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard­
Fittings, and Valves and Parts for High Temperature ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Service
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom­
Forgings, Carbon and Low Alloy Steel, Requiring Notch A350/A350M
Toughness Testing for Piping Components mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Forged or Rolled 8 and 9 % Nickel Alloy A522/A522M Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts
for Low-Temperature Service
Forgings, Carbon and Alloy Steel, for Pipe Flanges, A694/A694M
2. Referenced Documents
Fittings, Valves, and Parts for High-Pressure
2.1 ASTM Standards:2
Transmission Service
Flanges, Forged, Carbon and Alloy Steel for Low A707/A707M A l 05/Al 05M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for
Temperature Service Piping Applications
Forgings, Carbon Steel, for Piping Components with A727/A727M
Al81/Al81M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings, for
Inherent Notch Toughness
Forgings, Titanium-Stabilized Carbon Steel, for A836/A836M General-Purpose Piping
Glass-Lined Piping and Pressure Vessel Service Al82/Al82M Specification for Forged or Rolled Alloy and
1.2 In case of conflict between a requirement of the indi­ Stainless Steel Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves
vidual product specification and a requirement of this general and Parts for High-Temperature Service
requirement specification, the requirements of the individual A275/A275M Practice for Magnetic Particle Examination of
product specification shall prevail over those of this specifica- Steel Forgings
tion. A350/A350M Specification for Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel
Forgings, Requiring Notch Toughness Testing for Piping
1.3 By mutual agreement between the purchaser and the
Components
supplier, additional requirements may be specified (see Section
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
4.1.2). The acceptance of any such additional requirements
of Steel Products
shall be dependent on negotiations with the supplier and must
A522/A522M Specification for Forged or Rolled 8 and 9%
be included in the order as agreed upon between the purchaser
Nickel Alloy Steel Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts for
and supplier.
Low-Temperature Service
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units A694/A694M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text and Forgings for Pipe Flanges, Fittings, Valves, and Parts for
High-Pressure Transmission Service
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods
1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee AOI on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.22 on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications. 2 For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. I, 2021. Published October 2021. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as A961/A961M- 20. Standards volume information, refer to the standard's Document Summary page on
001: 10.1520/A0961_A0961M-21. the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
 0 A961/A961 M - 21

for Steel Products for Shipment 3.2.5 forging, n-the product of a substantially compressive
A707IA707M Specification for Forged Carbon and Alloy hot or cold plastic working operation that consolidates the
Steel Flanges for Low-Temperature Service material and produces the required shape.
A727IA727M Specification for Carbon Steel Forgings for 3.2.5.1 Discussion-The plastic working must be performed
Piping Components with Inherent Notch Toughness by a forging machine, such as a hammer, press, or ring rolling
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of machine, and must deform the material to produce a wrought
Steel Products structure throughout the material cross section.
A836/A836M Specification for Titanium-Stabilized Carbon 3.2.6 seamless tubing, n-a tubular product made without a
Steel Forgings for Glass-Lined Piping and Pressure Vessel welded seam.
Service 3.2.6.1 Discussion-It is manufactured usually by hot work­
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related ing the material, and if necessary, by subsequently cold
Alloys, and Ferroalloys finishing the hot worked tubular product to produce the desired
A967/A967M Specification for Chemical Passivation Treat­ shape, dimensions and properties.
ments for Stainless Steel Parts
A991/A991M Test Method for Conducting Temperature 4. Ordering Information
Uniformity Surveys of Furnaces Used to Heat Treat Steel
Products 4.1 It is the purchaser's responsibility to specify in the
Al058 Test Methods for Mechanical Testing of Steel purchase order all ordering information necessary to purchase
Products-Metric the needed material. Examples of such information include, but
B880 Specification for General Requirements for Chemical are not limited to, the following:
Check Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys and 4.1.1 Quantity,
Cobalt Alloys 4.1.2 Size and pressure class or dimensions, (tolerances and
E165/El65M Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for Gen­ surface finishes should be included),
eral Industry 4.1.3 Specification number with grade or class, or both, as
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets, applicable, and year/date,
Blooms, and Forgings 4.1.4 Choice of testing track from the options listed in Test
E709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing Methods A1058 when material is ordered to an M suffix (SI
E1916 Guide for Identification of Mixed Lots of Metals units) product standard. If the choice of test track is not
specified in the order, then the default ASTM track shall be
2.2 ASME Standard:3
used as noted in Test Methods A1058,
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code-Section I X
4.1.5 Supplementary requirements, and
2.3 Manufacturer's Standardization Society Standard:4 4.1.6 Additional requirements.
SP 25 Standard Marking System of Valves, Fittings, Flanges
and Unions 5. Melting Process

3. Terminology
5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the individual Product
Specification, the steel shall be fully killed.
3.1 Definitions-For definitions of other terms used in this
specification, refer to Terminology A941. 5.2 If a specific type of melting is required by the purchaser,
it shall be stated on the purchase order.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to T his Standard:
3.2.1 bar, n-a solid rolled or forged section that is long in 5.3 The primary melting may incorporate separate degas­
relationship to its cross sectional dimensions, with a relatively sing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting,
constant cross section throughout its length and a wrought such as electroslag remelting or vacuum remelting. If second­
microstructure. ary melting is employed, the heat shall be defined as all of the
ingot remelted from a single primary heat.
3.2.2 certifying organization, n-the company or associa­
tion responsible for the conformance of, the marking of, and 5.4 Steel may be cast in ingots or may be strand cast. When
the certification of the product to the specification require­ steel of different grades is sequentially strand cast, identifica­
ments. tion of the resultant transition material is required. The steel
producer shall remove the transition material by an established
3.2.3 fitting, n-a component for non-bolted joints in piping
procedure that positively separates the grades.
systems.
5.5 A sufficient discard shall be made from the source
3.2.4 flange, n-a component for bolted joints used in
material to secure freedom from injurious porosity and
piping systems.
shrinkage, and undue segregation.

6. Manufacture
3 Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http:// 6.1 The finished part shall be manufactured from a forging
www.asme.org.
that is as close as practicable to the finished size or shape.
4 Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings
Industry (MSS), 127 Park St., NE, Vienna, VA 22180-4602, http://www.mss­
Alternative starting materials may be used, but with the
hq.com. following exceptions and requirements.

2
 0 A961/A961 M - 21

6.1.1 Bar-Flanges, elbows, return bends, tees, and header 8.2 Heat Analysis-An analysis of each heat of steel shall be
tees shall not be machined directly from bar. Other cylindrical made by the steel manufacturer to determine the percentages of
shaped parts up to, and including, NPS 4 can be machined from those elements specified in the individual product specification.
bar provided that the axial length of the part is approximately If secondary melting processes are employed, the heat analysis
parallel to the metal flow lines of the starting stock. shall be obtained from one remelted ingot, or the product of
6.1.2 Wrought Seamless Pipe and Tubing-Flanges shall not one remelted ingot, from each primary melt. The chemical
be machined directly from seamless pipe or tubing. Other analysis thus determined shall conform to the requirements of
hollow cylindrical shaped parts can be machined from seam­ the individual product specification. Note that the product
less pipe and tubing provided that the axial length of the part analysis (check analysis) tolerances are not to be applied to the
is approximately parallel to the metal flow lines of the starting Heat Analysis requirements.
stock. 8.3 Product Analysis-If a product analysis is performed it
shall be in accordance with Test Methods, Practices, and
7. Heat Treatment Terminology A751. Samples for analysis shall be taken from
7.1 Material requiring heat treatment shall be treated as midway between center and surface of solid parts, midway
specified in the individual product specification using the between inner and outer surfaces of hollow parts, midway
following procedures that are defined in more detail in Termi­ between center and surface of full-size prolongations or from
nology A941. broken mechanical test specimens. The chemical composition
7.1.1 Annealing-Material shall be uniform)y reheated to a thus determined shall conform to the limits of the product
temperature above the transformation range and, after holding specification, within the permissible variations of Table 1 of
for a sufficient time at this temperature, cooled slowly to a this specification.
temperature below the transformation range. 8.3.1 Limits on formula calculations involving elemental
7. 1.2 Solution Annealing (or Solution Treat or Treatment)­ contents shall apply only to the heat analysis, unless agreed
Material shall be heated to a temperature that causes the upon between supplier and purchaser. Where limits on formula
chromium carbides to go into solution, and then, quenched in calculations involving elemental contents apply to product
water or rapidly cooled by other means to prevent re­ analysis by such agreement, permissible variations in the
precipitation. formula calculation results beyond the limits for the heat
7.1.3 Isothermal Annealing-Isothermal annealing shall analysis shall also be agreed upon between supplier and
consist of austenitizing a ferrous alloy, and then, cooling to and purchaser. Examples of such formula calculations include, but
holding within the range of temperature at which the austenite are not limited to, the following: carbon equivalent CE C +
=

transforms to a relatively soft ferrite-carbide aggregate. Mn I 6 + (Cr + Mo + V ) I 5 + (Ni + Cu) I 15; J factor= (Mn
+ Si) x (P + Sn) x 10 ; or requirements for specific elemental
4
7.1.4 Normalizing-Material shall be uniformly reheated to
a temperature above the transformation range, and balance or sufficiency, typically related to Ti, Nb, or AI and
subsequently, cooled in air at room temperature. interstitials C and N, such as Nb= 5 x C minimum.
7.1.5 Tempering and Post-Weld Heat Treatment-Material
9. Mechanical Requirements
shall be reheated to the prescribed temperature below the
transformation range, held at temperature for the greater of 30 9.1 Method of Mechanical Tests-All tests shall be con­
min or 1 hlin. [25.4 mm] of thickness at the thickest section and ducted in accordance with Test Methods and Definitions A370
cooled in still air. if the inch-pound units are specified or Test Methods A l 058 if
7. 1.6 Stress Relieving-Material shall be uniformly heated the M suffix (SI units) is specified.
to the selected stress relieving temperature, held long enough 9.2 For the purpose of determining conformance to the
to reduce stresses and then cooled at a rate that will result in the product specification requirements, specimens shall be ob­
properties required for the material grade and minimize the tained from the production forgings, or from separately forged
development of new residual stresses. The temperature shall test blanks prepared from the stock used to make the finished
not vary from the selected temperature by more than :±: 25 °F product. In either case, mechanical test specimens shall not be
[:±: 14 °C]. removed until after all heat treatment is complete. If repair
7.1.7 Quench and Temper-Material shall be fully austen­ welding is performed, test specimens shall not be removed
itized and quenched immediately in a suitable liquid medium. until after post-weld heat treatment is complete, unless permit­
The quenched material shall be reheated to a minimum ted by the product specification. The locations from which test
temperature of 1100 °F [590 oq and cooled in still air. specimens are removed shall be in accordance with the Product
7.1.8 Same Heat Treat Cycle-Heat treat loads at the same Specification.
temperature, equivalent soak times as appropriate for the
9.3 If separately forged test blanks are used, they shall be of
maximum section size on the respective load and equivalent
the same heat of steel, be subjected to substantially the same
cooling methods.
reduction and working as the production forging they
represent, be heat treated in the same furnace charge except as
8. Chemical Requirements
provided for in the reduced testing provisions of the product
8.1 Chemical Analysis-Samples for chemical analysis and specification, under the same conditions as the production
methods of analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods, forging, and be of the same nominal thickness as the maximum
Practices, and Terminology A 751. heat treated thickness of the production forging.

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 0 A961/A961 M - 21
TABLE 1 Product Analysis TolerancesA 9.4 When parts are machined from bar or seamless tubing,
Element Limit or Maximum of Tolerance Over the as permitted in 6.1.1 and 6.1.2, the mechanical properties may
Specified Range, WI % Maximum Limit or
Under the Minimum
be determined for the parts from the starting material, if the
Limit parts have not been subjected to any subsequent thermal
Carbon to 0.010, incl. 0.002 processing since the time of mechanical test.
over 0.010 to 0.030, incl. 0.005
over 0.030 to 0.20 incl. 0.01 10. Hardness Requirements
over 0.20 to 0.80, incl. 0.02
Manganese to 1.00 incl. 0.03 10.1 The part shall conform to the hardness requirements
over 1.00 to 3.00 incl. 0.04
prescribed in the product specification.
over 3.00 to 6.00, incl. 0.05
over 6.00 to 10.00, incl. 0.06 10.2 Sampling for hardness testing shall conform to the
Phosphorous to 0.040, incl. 0.005
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl. 0.010
product specification.
Sulfur to 0.040 incl. 0.005
over 0.040 to 0.20, incl. 0.010 11. Tensile Requirements
over 0.20 to 0.50, incl. 0.020
Silicon to 1.00, incl. 0.05 11.1 Sampling for tensile testing shall conform to the
over 1.00 to 3.00 incl. 0.10 Product Specification.
over 3.00 to 7.00, incl. 0.15
Chromium 0.90 and under 0.03 11.2 When the dimensions of the material to be tested will
over 0.90 to 2.10, incl. 0.05 permit, the tension test specimens shall be machined to
over 2.10 to 4.00, incl. 0.07
over 4.00 to 10.00 incl. 0.10
standard round 2-in. gauge length tension test specimen de­
over 10.00 to 15.00 incl. 0.15 scribed in Test Methods and Definitions A370 if inch-pound
over 15.00 to 20.00 incl. 0.20 units are specified or the standard gauge length tension test
over 20.00 to 30.00 incl. 0.25
Nickel to 1.00 incl. 0.03
specimens described in the applicable track of Test Methods
over 1.00 to 5.00 incl. 0.07 A1058 if SI units are specified.
over 5.00 to 10.00 incl. 0.10
over 10.00 to 20.00 incl. 0.15 11.3 In the case of small sections, which will not permit
over 20.00 to 30.00 incl. 0.20 taking of the standard test specimen described in 11.2, the
over 30.00 to 40.00, incl. 0.25
subsize round specimen shall be machined. The tension test
Molybdenum to 0.20 incl. 0.01
over 0.20 to 0.60 incl. 0.03 specimen shall be as large as feasible.
over 0.60 to 2.00 incl. 0.05
over 2.00 to 7.00 incl. 0.10
11.4 The results of the tensile tests shall conform to the
Titanium to 1.15, incl. 0.05 tensile property requirements prescribed in the product speci­
Niobium (Columbium) to 0.14, incl. 0.02 fication.
over 0.14 to 5.50 0.05
Tantalum to 0.10 incl. 0.02 11.5 If the results of tension tests do not conform to the
Copper to 0.50, incl. 0.03
requirements specified in the product specification, a retest
over 0.50 to 1.00, incl. 0.05
over 1.00 to 5.00, incl. 0.10 shall be permitted on twice the number of test specimens as
Cobalt 0.05 to 0.25, incl. 0.018 originally tested as outlined in the test methods specified
0.25 to 5.00, incl. 0.07
herein. When any retest specimen does not conform to the
Nitrogen to 0.02, incl. 0.005
over 0.02 to 0.19 incl. 0.01 product specification requirements for the characteristic in
over 0.19 to 0.25 0.02 question, the lot represented by that specimen shall be rejected
over 0.25 to 0.35 0.03
or reheat treated in accordance with Section 7.
over 0.35 to 0.45 0.04
over 0.45 0.05 11.5.1 If the results of any tension test specimen are less
Aluminum to 0.15, incl. -0.005 than specified because a flaw becomes evident in the test
+0.01
specimen during testing, a replacement test specimen shall be
over 0.15 to 0.50, incl. 0.05
over 0.50 to 0.80, incl. 0.07 allowed provided that the defect is not attributable to ruptures,
Vanadium to 0.10 incl. 0.01 cracks, or flakes in the steel.
over 0.10 to 0.25 incl. 0.02
over 0.25 to 0.50, incl. 0.03
12. Impact Requirements
minimum value specified, 0.01
under minimum limit only
12.1 The part shall conform to the impact requirements
Cerium to 0.20, incl. 0.01
Selenium to 0.35, incl. 0.001 prescribed in the product specification.
Tungsten to 0.50, incl. 0.02
over 0.50 to 1.00, incl. 0.03
12.2 Sampling for impact testing shall conform to the
over 1.00 to 2.00, incl. 0.05 Product Specification.
over 2.00 to 4.00, incl. 0.06
Lead to 0.35, incl. 0.03
12.3 Notched-bar impact specimens shall be simple-beam,
Zirconium to 0.01, incl. 0.005 Charpy-type A with a V-notch in accordance with Test Methods
Boron to 0.015, incl. 0.0005
c
and Definitions A370 if the inch-pound units are specified or
Tin to 0.010, incl.
Arsenic to 0.010, incl.
c Test Methods A1058 if the M suffix (SI Units) standard is
c
Antimony to 0.003, incl. specified. Standard specimens 10 by 10 mm in cross section
A This table does not apply to heat analysis. shall be used unless the material to be tested is of insufficient
8 Product analysis limits for cobalt under 0.05 % have not been established and thickness, in which case the largest obtainable standard subsize
the producer should be consulted for those limits.
c
No over tolerance allowed.
impact specimens shall be used. When the size or shape of the

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 0 A961/A961 M - 21

finished part is insufficient to permit obtaining the smallest 15.2.4 When specified in the purchase order, parts may be
standard subsize impact specimens, an impact test by the part furnished in the as-formed or as-forged condition.
manufacturer will not be required.
15.3 The parts shall be free of injurious imperfections as
12.4 If the average impact energy value meets the product defined below. At the discretion of the inspector representing
specification requirements, but the energy value for one speci­ the purchaser, finished parts shall be subject to rejection if
men is below the specified minimum value for individual surface imperfections acceptable under 15.5 are not scattered,
specimens, a retest is permitted. This shall consist of two but appear over a large area.
impact specimens from a location adjacent to, and on either
15. 4 Depth of Injurious Imperfections-Selected typical
side of, the specimen that failed. Each of the retested speci­
linear and other typical surface imperfections shall be explored
mens must exhibit an energy value equal to or greater than the
for depth. When the depth encroaches on the minimum
minimum average value required by the product specification.
specified wall thickness of the finished part, such imperfections
shall be considered injurious.
13. Hydrostatic Test Requirements

13.1 Parts manufactured under this specification shall be 15.5 Impeifections Not Classified as Injurious-Surface
capable of passing a hydrostatic test compatible with the rating imperfections not classified as injurious shall be treated as
of the finished part. Such tests shall be conducted by the follows:
supplier only when the hydrostatic test supplementary require­ 15.5.1 Seams, laps, tears, or slivers not deeper than 5 % of
ment in the product specification is invoked by the purchaser. the actual wall thickness at the point of interest or lf16 in. [1.6
mm], whichever is less, are acceptable. If deeper, these
14. Rework imperfections require removal, and shall be removed by
machining or grinding.
14.1 When one or more representative test specimens or
15.5.2 Mechanical marks or abrasions and pits shall be
retest specimens do not conform to the requirements specified
acceptable without grinding or machining provided the depth
does not exceed 1/16 in. [1.6 mm]. If such imperfections are
in the product specification for the tested characteristic, the
product may be reworked according to the following require­
ments: deeper than lf16 in. [1.6 mm] but do not encroach on the
14.1.1 If previously tested in the unheat treated condition, minimum wall thickness of the forging they shall be removed
by machining or grinding to sound metal.
the product may be reworked by heat treatment, and subse­
quently retested, in accordance with the product specification. 15.5.3 The wall thickness at the point of grinding, or at
14.1.2 If previously tested in the heat treated condition, the imperfections not required to be removed, shall be determined
product may be reworked by reheat treatment, and subse­ by deducting the amount removed by grinding, from the
quently retested, in accordance with the product specification. nominal finished wall thickness of the part. In any case, the
wall thickness shall not be less than the specified minimum
15. Surface Finish, Appearance, and Corrosion value.
Protection
16. Repair by Welding
15.1 The parts shall conform to the dimensions, tolerances,
and finish as specified on the purchaser's drawing or order and 16.1 The purchaser may require the supplier to submit
the individual ASTM product specification. proposed weld repairs for approval by invoking the appropriate
supplementary requirement from the applicable product speci­
15.2 The finished parts shall be cleaned to remove all scale
fication in the purchase order. If the purchaser does not require
and processing compounds prior to the final surface examina­
prior approval of proposed weld repairs, these repairs shall be
tion. The cleaning process shall not injure the surface finish,
permitted at the discretion of the supplier. All weld repairs shall
material properties, or the metallurgical structure.
be performed in accordance with the following limitations and
15.2.1 The surface finish shall allow the detection of imper­
requirements.
fections that can be disclosed by visual inspection.
15.2.2 The cleaned parts shall be protected to prevent 16.1.1 The welding procedure and welders shall be qualified
recontamination. in accordance with Section IX of the ASME Boiler and
15.2.2.1 Exterior and interior surfaces of carbon, low and Pressure Vessel Code.
intermediate alloy steel fittings shall have a corrosion protec­ 16.1.2 Defects shall be completely removed prior to weld­
tive coating. Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the ing by chipping or grinding to sound metal. Removal of these
type of surface protection shall be at the option of the defects shall be verified by magnetic particle inspection in
manufacturer. accordance with Test Method A275/A275M or Guide E709 for
15.2.2.2 Stainless steel and nickel alloy fittings need not be the ferritic, martensitic, or ferritic/austenitic grades, or by
coated. Unmachined surfaces of stainless steel fittings shall be liquid penetrant inspection in accordance with Test Method
passivated by exposure to an acid bath, or electropolished. E165/E165M for ferritic, martensitic, or austenitic grades.
15.2.3 Protective coatings on parts subsequently subjected 16.1.3 After repair welding, the welded area shall be ground
to socket welds or butt welds shall be suitable for welding smooth to the original contour and shall be completely free of
without removal of the coating. Threaded fittings shall be defects as verified by magnetic particle or liquid penetrant
capable of installation without the removal of the coating. inspection, as applicable.

5
 0 A961/A961 M - 21

16.1.4 Repair by welding shall not exceed 10% of the The content of the EDI transmitted document shall conform to
surface area of the part, or 33 lj3 % of the wall thickness of the any existing EDI agreement between the purchaser and sup­
finished product, or 3/s in. [10 mm] deep at the location of the plier.
repair. 19.5 Not withstanding the absence of a signature, the
16.2 The weld repair shall conform to 9.2 and to the organization submitting either a printed certificate or an EDI
additional requirements, if any, invoked in the Product Speci­ transmitted certificate is responsible for the content of the
fication. report.

20. Marking
17. Inspection
20.1 Each piece shall be legibly marked in a position as not
17.1 The supplier shall afford the purchaser's inspector all to injure the usefulness of the forgings with the product
reasonable facilities necessary to satisfy him that the material specification number, grade or marking symbol, class, certify­
is being produced and furnished in accordance with the general ing organization's name or symbol, the heat number or heat
specification and the applicable product specification. Site identification, size, and service rating, if applicable. Dual or
inspection by the purchaser shall not interfere unnecessarily multiple marking with the product specification number, grade
with the supplier's operations. or marking symbol, and class is acceptable provided the
material meets all the requirements with which it is marked. It
18. Rejection and Rehearing is not required to mark the product with the specification year
18.1 Samples representing material rejected by the pur­ and date of issue. When size or shape does not permit the
chaser shall be preserved until disposition of the claim has been inclusion of all the required marking as described, see 20.2.
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Manufacturer can also choose the use of tags, box labels, etc.
for identification when per piece marking is not practical due to
18.2 Material that shows injurious defects subsequent to its
size or shape.
acceptance at the manufacturer's works will be rejected, and
the manufacturer shall be notified. 20.2 The Standard Marking System of Valves, Fittings,
Flanges and Unions MSS SP 25 shall be followed except the
19. Certification
word "steel" shall not be substituted for the specification grade.
20.3 Product marking shall conform to the additional
19.1 A test report and a certificate of compliance are
requirements, if any, invoked in the product specification or
required.
purchase order.
19.2 Test reports shall include the product specification
21. Packaging, Marking and Loading for Shipment
number and year/date of issue, the results of all tests required
by this specification, and the purchaser order, and shall be 21.1 Packaging, marking, and loading for shipment shall be
traceable to the part represented. in accordance with Practices A700.
19.3 A single document, containing the test report informa­ 22. Keywords
tion and certificate of compliance information may be used.
22.1 alloy steel; carbon steel; fittings; flanges; forgings;
19.4 A certificate printed from or used in electronic data general requirement; piping applications; pressure containing
interchange (EDI) transmission shall be regarded as having the parts; stainless steel; temperature service applications­
same validity as a counterpoint printed in the certifier's facility. elevated; temperature service applications-high; valves

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENT S

These requirements shall not be considered unless specified in the order, in which event, the
supplementary requirements specified shall be made at the place of manufacture, unless otherwise
agreed upon, at the purchaser's expense. The test specified shall be witnessed by the purchaser's
inspector before shipment of material, if so specified in the order. The rationale for beginning the
section numbering with S50 is to eliminate the possibility of confusion with supplementary
requirements existing in individual product specifications.

SSO. Macroetch Test SSl. Heat Analysis

S50.1 A sample forging shall be sectioned and etched to S51.1 When secondary melting processes are employed, a
show flow lines and internal imperfections. The test shall be heat analysis shall be obtained from each remelted ingot, or the
conducted according to Method E381. product of each remelted ingot, from each primary melt. The
S50.2 Acceptance limits shall be as agreed upon between chemical analysis thus determined shall conform to the require­
the certifying organization and the purchaser. ments of the individual product specification. Note that the

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product analysis (check analysis) tolerances are not to be S59. Electropolished Austenitic and Ferritic-Austenitic
applied to the heat analysis requirements. Grades

S52. Product Analysis S59.1 All electropolished austenitic and ferritic-austenitic

products shall be of a cleanliness in accordance with Specifi­
cation A967IA967M.
S52.1 A product analysis shall be made from one randomly
selected forging representing each heat. The results shall
S59.2 Details concerning which test method of Specifica­
comply with the product analysis limits listed in the applicable
tion A967IA967M are to be a matter of agreement between the
product specification. For Specification A1821A182M grades
manufacturer and the purchaser.
of F20 and F58, results shall comply with the product analysis
limits listed in Specification B880.
S60. Positive Material Identification Examination
S52.2 If the analysis fails to comply, each forging shall be
checked or the lot rejected. All results shall be reported to the S60.1 Forgings shall receive positive material identification
purchaser. to ensure that the purchaser is receiving forgings of the correct
material grade prior to shipment of the forgings. This exami­
S53. Tension Tests nation is a method to ensure that no material grade mix-up has
S53.1 In addition to the requirements of Section 9, one occurred during the manufacturing and marking of the forg­
tension specimen shall be obtained from a representative ings.
forging from each heat at a location agreed upon between the S60.2 Forgings shall receive a positive material identifica­
certifying organization and the purchaser. The results of the test tion examination in accordance with Guide E1916.
shall comply with the tensile property requirements listed in S60.3 The quantity examined shall be 100 % of the forg­
the applicable product specification and shall be reported to the ings.
purchaser. S60.4 All forgings that are not of the correct material grade
shall be rejected.
S54. Impact Tests
S60.5 The method of forging marking after examination
S54.1 In addition to the requirements of Section 9, three shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
CV N impact energy specimens shall be obtained from a purchaser.
representative forging from each heat at a location agreed upon
between the certifying organization and the purchaser. S61. Heat Treatment in the Working Zone of a Surveyed
S54.2 The purchaser shall supply the impact test tempera­ Furnace
ture and the required minimum requirements for the test,
S61.1 Material shall be heat treated in the working zone of
including the lowest single absorbed energy for a single
a furnace that has been surveyed in accordance with Test
specimen if an average absorbed energy value is required. The
Method A9911A991M, provided that such working zone was
lateral expansion values and the fracture appearance of the
established using a variation of 25 °F [14 oq or less from the
specimens as percentage ductile fracture shall be reported for
furnace set point.
information if these parameters are not part of the acceptance
requirements. S61.2 The test report shall indicate that S61 applies.

SSS. Magnetic Particle Examination S62. Requirements for Carbon Steel Products for Concen­

S55 .1 All accessible surfaces of the finished forging shall be trated Hydrofluoric Acid Service

examined by a magnetic particle method. The method shall be S62.1 The maximum carbon equivalent based on heat
in accordance with Test Method A2751A275M. Acceptance analysis shall be as follows:
limits shall be as agreed upon between the certifying organi­ Maximum section thickness less than or equal CE maximum = 0.43
zation and the purchaser. to 1 in.
Maximum section thickness greater than 1 in. CE maximum = 0.45
S56. Liquid Penetrant Examination
S62.2 Determine the carbon equivalent (CE) as follows:
+ + V)!S+(N i +
S56.1 All accessible surfaces shall be examined by a liquid
CE = C+Mni6+(C r Mo C u)/15 (1)
penetrant method in accordance with Test Method E1651
E165M. Acceptance limits shall be as agreed upon between the S62.3 Vanadium and Niobium maximum content based on
certifying organization and the purchaser. heat analysis shall be:
Maximum Vanadium = 0.02 wt %
S57. Hydrostatic Testing Maximum NiobiumA = 0.02 wt %
Maximum Vanadium plus NiobiumA = 0.03 wt %
S57.1 A hydrostatic test at a pressure agreed upon between
the certifying organization and the purchaser shall be applied
ANiobium = Columbium
by the certifying organization.
S62.4 The maximum composition based on heat analysis of
SSS. Repair Welding Ni + Cu shall be 0.15 wt %.
S58.1 No repair welding shall be permitted without prior S62.5 The minimum C content based on heat analysis shall
approval of the purchaser. If permitted, the restrictions of be 0.18 wt %. The maximum C content shall be as specified in
Section 16 shall apply. the appropriate material specification.

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 0 A961/A961 M - 21

S62.6 Repair welds shall not be made with E60XX elec­ S63.2 The frequency of impact testing shall be the same as
trodes. Use of E70 X X electrodes is recommended, and the that specified in the product specification for the tension test,
resulting weld chemistry should meet the same chemistry with three individual Charpy test specimens for each required
criteria as the base metal as listed above. tension test.
S62.7 In addition to the requirements of product marking of S63.3 The minimum impact absorption energy for the
the specification, a "HF" stamp or marking shall be provided
Charpy test specimen shall be at least 20 ft/lb [27 J].
on each component to identify that component complies with
S63.4 The minimum elongation in the tension test shall be
this supplementary requirement.
measured on a gauge length of five times the diameter of the
S63 Pressure Equipment Directive-Mechanical Testing test specimen, and it shall not be less than 14 %.
S63.1 Charpy impact testing shall be done at the lowest S63.5 Impact and tension test results shall be included in the
scheduled operating temperature but not higher than 68 °F [20 product certification.
oc].

ANNEXES

(Mandatory Information)

Al. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW MATERIALS

A l .1 New materials may be proposed for inclusion in A l .1.3 The application shall be accompanied by test data as
specifications referencing this specification of general require­ required by the applicable specification. Test data from a
ments subject to the following conditions: minimum of three test lots, as defined by the specification, each
Al .1.1 Application for the addition of a new grade to a from a different heat, shall be furnished.
specification shall be made to the chair of the subcommittee
A l .1.4 The application shall provide recommendations for
that has jurisdiction over that specification.
all requirements appearing in the applicable specification.
A1.1.2 The application shall be accompanied by a statement
from at least one user indicating that there is a need for the new A l .1.5 The application shall state whether or not the new
grade to be included in the applicable specification. grade is covered by patent.

A2. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF MATERIALS FROM OTHER AOl OR B02.07 SPECIFICATIONS

A2.1 Wrought materials that are already covered by another A2.1.2 The chemical requirements, the specified mechani­
A01 or B02.07 specification may be proposed for inclusion in cal properties, and the heat treatment requirements of the grade
specifications referencing this specification of general require­ being added shall be the same as those for the grade in the AO 1
ments subject to the following conditions: or B02.07 specification in which the grade is presently covered.

A2.1.1 Application for the addition of a grade that is already A2.1.3 The application shall provide the recommendations
covered in another A01 or B02.07 specification shall be made for all requirements appearing in the applicable specification.
to the chair of the subcommittee that has jurisdiction over that A2.1.4 The application shall state whether or not the grade
specification. is covered by patent.

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SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A9611A961 M - 20, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved Sept. 1, 2021 .)

( 1) Revised 11.5 to specify permitted number of tensile test

retests.

Committee A01 has identified the location of selected changes to this specification since the last issue,
A961 /A961 M - 1 9a, that may impact the use of this specification. (Approved June 1 , 2020.)

( 1) Removed the word "hollow" in 6.1.1 .

ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned
in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk
of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.

T his standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
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make your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.

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