Designation: A268/A268M − 10 (Reapproved 2016)

Standard Specification for

Seamless and Welded Ferritic and Martensitic Stainless
Steel Tubing for General Service1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A268/A268M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope A763 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular

2
1.1 This specification covers a number of grades of Attack in Ferritic Stainless Steels
nominal-wall-thickness, stainless steel tubing for general A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for
corrosion-resisting and high-temperature service. Most of these Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless
grades are commonly known as the “straight-chromium” types Steel Tubes
and are characterized by being ferromagnetic. Two of these E213 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of Metal Pipe and
grades, TP410 and UNS S 41500 (Table 1), are amenable to Tubing
hardening by heat treatment, and the high-chromium, ferritic E273 Practice for Ultrasonic Testing of the Weld Zone of
alloys are sensitive to notch-brittleness on slow cooling to Welded Pipe and Tubing
ordinary temperatures. These features should be recognized in
the use of these materials. Grade TP439 is used primarily for 3. Terminology
hot-water tank service and does not require post-weld heat 3.1 Lot Definitions:
treatment to prevent attack of the heat affected zone. 3.1.1 For flange and flaring requirements, the term lot
1.2 An optional supplementary requirement is provided, and applies to all tubes, prior to cutting, of the same nominal size
when desired, shall be so stated in the order. and wall thickness that are produced from the same heat of
steel. If final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace, a lot
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units shall include only those tubes of the same size and from the
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace charge. If
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, the number
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values be determined from the size of the tubes as given in Table 2.
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the 3.1.2 For tensile and hardness test requirements, the term lot
standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” applies to all tubes, prior to cutting, of the same nominal
designation of this specification is specified in the order. diameter and wall thickness that are produced from the same
heat of steel. If final heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace,
2. Referenced Documents a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size and the
2.1 ASTM Standards:3 same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace charge. If
A480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for the final heat treatment is in a continuous furnace, a lot shall
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, include all tubes of the same size and heat, heat treated in the
Sheet, and Strip same furnace at the same temperature, time at heat, and furnace
speed.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, 4. Ordering Information
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products. 4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2016. Published September 2016. Originally requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A268/A268M – 10.
DOI: 10.1520/A0268_A0268M-10R16. specification. Such requirements may include, but are not
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- limited to, the following:
cation SA-268 in Section II of that Code.
3
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1.2 Name of material (seamless or welded tubes),
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 4.1.3 Grade (Table 1),
the ASTM website. 4.1.4 Size (outside diameter and nominal wall thickness),

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Grade TP405 TP410 TP429 TP430 TP443 TP446–1 TP446–2A ... TP409
UNS
Designation S40500 S41000 S42900 S43000 S44300 S44600 S44600 S40800 S40900

A268/A268M − 10 (2016)
Element Composition, %
C, max 0.08 0.15 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.20 0.12 0.08 0.08
Mn, max 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.50 1.50 1.00 1.00
P, max 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.045 0.045
S, max 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.045 0.030
2

Si, max 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ni 0.50 max ... ... ... 0.75 max 0.75 max 0.50 max 0.80 max 0.50 max
Cr 11.5–14.5 11.5–13.5 14.0–16.0 16.0–18.0 18.0–23.0 23.0–27.0 23.0–27.0 11.5–13.0 10.5–11.7
Mo ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Al 0.10–0.30 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Cu ... ... ... ... 0.90–1.25 ... ... ... ...
N ... ... ... ... ... 0.25 0.25 ... ...
Ti ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12 × C min; 6 × C min;
1.10 max 0.75 max
 TABLE 1 Continued
TP TP 18Cr-
Grade TP439 ... ... TP430 Ti XM-27 XM-33A 2Mo 29-4 29-4-2 26-3-3 25-4-4 ... ... ... ... ... TP468
UNS
Designa-
tion S43035 S43932 S41500B S43036 S44627 S44626 S44400 S44700 S44800 S44660 S44635 S44735 S32803 S40977 S43940 S42035 S46800
Element Composition, %
C, max 0.07 0.030 0.05 0.10 0.01A 0.06 0.025 0.010 0.010 0.030 0.025 0.030 0.015C 0.03 0.03 0.08 0.030
Mn, max 1.00 1.00 0.5–1.0 1.00 0.40 0.75 1.00 0.30 0.30 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.5 1.50 1.00 1.00 1.00
P, max 0.040 0.040 0.03 0.040 0.02 0.040 0.040 0.025 0.025 0.040 0.040 0.040 0.020 0.040 0.040 0.045 0.040
S, max 0.030 0.030 0.03 0.030 0.02 0.020 0.030 0.020 0.020 0.030 0.030 0.030 0.005 0.015 0.015 0.030 0.030
Si, max 1.00 1.00 0.60 1.00 0.40 0.75 1.00 0.20 0.20 1.00 0.75 1.00 0.50 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Ni 0.50 max 0.50 3.5–5.5 0.75 max 0.5D max 0.50 max 1.00 max 0.15 max 2.0–2.5 1.0–3.50 3.5–4.5 1.00 max 3.0–4.0 0.30–1.00 ... 1.0–2.5 0.50
Cr 17.00– 17.0–19.0 11.5–14.0 16.00– 25.0–27.5 25.0–27.0 17.5–19.5 28.0–30.0 28.0–30.0 25.0–28.0 24.5–26.0 28.00– 28.0– 10.50– 17.50– 13.5– 18.00–
29.0 12.50 18.50 15.5 20.00
19.00 19.50 30.00
Mo ... ... 0.5–1.0 ... 0.75–1.50 0.75–1.50 1.75–2.50 3.5–4.2 3.5–4.2 3.0–4.0 3.5–4.5 3.60–4.20 1.8–2.5 ... . . . 0.2–1.2 ...
Al, max 0.15 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . . . ... ...
Cu, max ... ... ... ... 0.2 0.20 ... 0.15 0.15 ... ... ... ... ... . . . ... ...
N, max 0.04 0.030 (Ti ... ... 0.015 0.040 0.035 0.020E 0.020E 0.040 0.035 0.045 0.020 0.030 . . . ... 0.030
+ Cb)

A268/A268M − 10 (2016)
{0.20 + 4
(C + N)}
min.;
0.75 max
Ti 0.20 + 4 ... 5×C ... 7 × (C + (Ti + Cb) ... ... (Ti + Cb) (Ti + Cb) (Ti + Cb) ... ... 0.10–0.60 0.30–0.50 0.07–0.30
3

(C min; N) = = =
+ N) 0.75 but no less 0.20 + 4 0.20–1.00 0.20 + 4 0.20–1.00
min; max
1.10 than (C + N) and 6 × (C + N) and 6 ×
max 0.20
min; min; (C + N) min to (C+ N)
1.00 0.80
max max min 0.80 min
max

Cb ... ... ... 0.05–0.20 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.15– ... (3 × %C ... 0.10–0.60
0.50F + 0.30)
min
(Ti + Cb)
=
0.20
+4(C+N)
min;0.80
max
A
For small diameter or thin walls, or both, tubing, where many drawing passes are required, a carbon maximum of 0.015 % is necessary. Small outside diameter tubes are defined as those less than 0.500 in. [12.7 mm]
in outside diameter and light wall tubes as those less than 0.049 in. [1.2 mm] in average wall thickness (0.040 in. [1 mm] in minimum wall thickness).
B
Plate version of CA6NM.
C
Carbon plus nitrogen = 0.30 max.
D
Nickel plus copper.
E
Carbon plus nitrogen = 0.025 % max.
F
Cb ⁄(C + N) = 12 min.
 A268/A268M − 10 (2016)
4.1.5 Length (specific or random), acceptance. Billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes which
4.1.6 Optional requirements (hydrostatic or nondestructive do not meet the requirements of the specification shall be
electric test, Section 16), rejected.
4.1.7 Test report required (Certification Section of Specifi-
10. Tensile Requirements
cation A1016/A1016M),
4.1.8 Specification designation, 10.1 The material shall conform to the tensile properties
4.1.9 Intergranular corrosion test, and prescribed in Tables 3 and 4.
4.1.10 Special requirements. 11. Hardness Requirements
11.1 The tubes shall have a hardness number not to exceed
TABLE 2 Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the
Continuous Process those prescribed in Table 5.
Size of Lot 12. Permissible Variations in Dimensions
Size of Tube
2 in. [50.8 mm] and over in outside diameter and not more than 50 tubes
12.1 Variations in outside diameter, wall thickness, and
0.200 in. [5.1 mm] and over in wall thickness length from those specified shall not exceed the amounts
Less than 2 in. [50.8 mm] but over 1 in. [25.4 mm] not more than 75 tubes prescribed in Table 6.
in outside diameter or over 1 in. [25.4 mm] in
outside diameter and under 0.200 in. [5.1 mm] in TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements
wall thickness
1 in. [25.4 mm] or less in outside diameter not more than 125 tubes Tensile Yield
ElongationA,B
strength, strength, in 2 in. or
min, min, 50 mm,
Grade and UNS Designation ksi [MPa] ksi [MPa] min, %
5. General Requirements TP405
60 [415] 30 [205] 20
S40500
5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con- ...
55 [380] 30 [205] 20
form to the applicable requirements of Specification A1016/ S40800
A1016M unless otherwise provided herein. TP410
60 [415] 30 [205] 20
S41000
TP429, TP430, and TP430 Ti
6. Manufacture S429000, S 43000, and S 43036
60 [415] 35 [240] 20
TP443
6.1 The tubes shall be made by the seamless or welded S44300
70 [485] 40 [275] 20
process with no filler metal added. TP446-1
70 [485] 40 [275] 18
S44600
7. Heat Treatment TP446-2
65 [450] 40 [275] 20
S44600
7.1 As a final heat treatment, tubes shall be reheated to a TP409
55 [380] 25 [170] 20
temperature of 1200 °F [650 °C] or higher and cooled (as S40900
TP439
appropriate for the grade) to meet the requirements of this S43035
60 [415] 30 [205] 20
specification. S43932 60 [415] 30 [205] 20
...
7.2 The martensitic grade UNS S 41500 shall be reheated to 115 [795] 90 [620] 15
S41500
a temperature of 950 °F [510 °C] or higher and cooled as TPXM-27
65 [450] 40 [275] 20
S44627
appropriate to meet the requirements of this specification. TPXM-33
68 [470] 45 [310] 20
S44626
8. Chemical Composition 18Cr-2Mo
60 [415] 40 [275] 20
S44400
8.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements 29-4 and 29-4-2
prescribed in Table 1. 80 [550] 60 [415] 20
S44700 and S44800
26-3-3
85 [585] 65 [450] 20
9. Product Analysis S44660
25-4-4
90 [620] 75 [515] 20
9.1 An analysis of either one billet or one length of flatrolled S44635
stock or one tube shall be made from each heat. The chemical ...
75 [515] 60 [415] 18
S44735
composition thus determined shall conform to the requirements 28-2-3.5
specified. S32803 87 [600] 72 [500] 16
S40977 65 [450] 41 [280] 18
9.2 The product analysis tolerance of the Chemical Require- S43940 62 [430] 36 [250] 18
ments Table of A480/A480M shall apply. The product analysis S42035 80 [550] 55 [380] 16
TP468
tolerance is not applicable to the carbon content for material S46800
60 [415] 30 [205] 22
with a specified maximum carbon of 0.04 % or less. A
For tubing smaller than 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in outside diameter, the elongation
9.3 If the original test for product analysis fails, retests of values given for strip specimens in Table 2 shall apply. Mechanical property
requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than 1⁄8 in. [3.2 mm] in outside
two additional billets, lengths of flat-rolled stock or tubes shall diameter or with walls thinner than 0.015 in. [0.4 mm].
be made. Both retests for the elements in question shall meet B
For longitudinal strip tests a deduction of 0.90 % for TP446–1 and S44735 and
the requirements of the specification; otherwise all remaining 1.00 % for all other grades shall be made from the basic minimum elongation for
each 1⁄32 in. [0.8 mm] decrease in wall thickness below 5⁄16 in. [8 mm]. The
material in the heat or lot shall be rejected or, at the option of following table gives the computed minimum values:
the producer, each billet or tube may be individually tested for

4
 A268/A268M − 10 (2016)
TABLE 4 Minimum Elongation Values nominal diameter by no more than twice the permissible
ElongationA in 2 in. variation in outside diameter given in Table 6; however, the
Wall Thickness or 50 mm, min, %
mean diameter at that cross section must still be within the
TP446–1
and All Other
given permissible variation.
in. mm S44735 S41500 Grades 12.3 When the specified wall is 2 % or less of the specified
⁄ [0.312]
5 16 8 18 15 20 outside diameter, the method of measurement is in accordance
9⁄32 [0.281] 7.2 17 14 19
1⁄4 [0.250] 6.4 16 14 18 with the agreement between the purchaser and the manufac-
7⁄32 [0.219] 5.6 15 13 17 turer (see Note 1).
3⁄16 [0.188] 4.8 14 12 16
5⁄32 [0.156] 4 13 11 15 NOTE 1—Very thin wall tubing may not be stiff enough for the outside
1⁄8 [0.125] 3.2 13 11 14 diameter to be accurately measured with a point contact test method, such
3⁄32 [0.094] 2.4 12 10 13 as with the use of a micrometer or caliper. When very thin walls are
1⁄16 [0.062] 1.6 11 9 12 specified, “go”–“no go” ring gages are commonly used to measure
0.062–0.035, excl 1.6–0.9 10 8 12 diameters of 11⁄2 in. [38.1 mm] or less. A 0.002-in. [0.05-mm] additional
0.035–0.022, excl 0.9–0.6 10 8 11
tolerance is usually added on the “go” ring gage to allow clearance for
0.022–0.015, incl 0.6–0.4 10 8 11
sliding. On larger diameters, measurement is commonly performed with a
A
Calculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest whole pi tape. Other test methods such as optical test methods may also be
number. considered.
Note—The above table gives the computed minimum values for each 1⁄32 in. [0.8
mm] decrease in wall thickness. Where the wall thickness lies between two values 13. Surface Condition
shown above, the minimum elongation value shall be determined by the following
equation:
13.1 All tubes shall be free of excessive mill scale, suitable
for inspection. A slight amount of oxidation will not be
Grade Equation considered as scale. Any special finish requirements shall be
TP446–1 and S44735 E = 28.8t + 9.00 [E = 1.13t + 9.00] subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the pur-
S41500 E = 24t + 7.5 chaser.
All other grades E = 32t + 10.00 [E = 1.25t + 10.00]

where: 14. Mechanical Tests Required

E = elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, %.
t = actual thickness of specimen, in. [mm]. 14.1 Tension Tests—One tension test shall be made on a
specimen for lots of not more than 50 tubes. Tension tests shall
be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than 50
TABLE 5 Hardness Requirements. tubes.
Brinell Rockwell
Hardness, Hardness,
14.2 Flaring Test (for Seamless Tubes)—One test shall be
Grade UNS Designation max B Scale, max made on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot of
TP405 S40500 207 95 finished tubes. The minimum expansion of the inside diameter
... S40800 207 95 shall be 10 %. For tubes over 8 in. [203.2 mm] in outside
TP410 S41000 207 95
TP429, TP430, and S42900, S 43000, 190 90
diameter, or tubes with wall thickness 3⁄8 in. [9.52 mm] and
TP430 TI and S 43036 over, the flattening test may be performed instead of the flaring
TP443 S44300 207 95 test unless the flaring test is specified in the purchase order.
TP446-1 and S44600 207 95
TP446-2 14.3 Flange Test (for Welded Tubes)—One test shall be
TP409 S40900 207 95 made on specimens from one end of one tube from each lot of
TP439 S43035A 190 90
S43932 190 90 finished tubes. For tubes over 8 in. [203.2 mm] in outside
... S41500 295B 32 diameter, or tubes with wall thickness 3⁄8 in. [9.52 mm] and
TPXM-33 and S44626 and 241 100 over, the flattening test may be performed instead of the flange
TPXM-27 S44627
18CR-2Mo S44400 217 95 test unless the flange test is specified in the purchase order.
29-4 and 29-4-2 S44700 and 207 100
S44800
14.4 Hardness Test—Brinell or Rockwell hardness tests
26-3-3 S44660 265 25B shall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot.
25-4-4 S44635 270 27B
... S44735 ... 100 14.5 When more than one heat is involved, the tension,
28-2-3.5 S32803 240 100 flaring, flanging, and hardness test requirements shall apply to
... S40977 180 88 each heat.
... S43940 180 88
... S42035 180 88 14.6 Reverse Flattening Test—For welded tubes, one re-
A
Editorially corrected October 2000. verse flattening test shall be made on a specimen from each
B
Rockwell hardness, C scale. 1500 ft [450 m] of finished tubing.

15. Intergranular Corrosion Test

12.2 The permissible variations in outside diameter given in 15.1 If intergranular corrosion testing is specified in the
Table 6 are not sufficient to provide for ovality in thin-walled purchase order, the test shall be made in accordance with
tubes, as defined in the Table. In such tubes, the maximum and Practices A763, using samples prepared as agreed upon be-
minimum diameters at any cross section shall deviate from the tween the seller and the purchaser.

5
 A268/A268M − 10 (2016)
TABLE 6 Permissible Variations in Dimensions
Permissible Vari-
Size, Outside ations in Outside Permissible Permissible Variations in Cut
Diameter, in. Diameter, Variations in Wall Length, in.B [mm]
A
Group [mm] in. [mm] Thickness, % Over Under Thin-Walled TubesC
1 Up to ⁄ [12.7], excl
12 ±0.005 [0.13] ±15 ⁄ [3]
18 0 ...
2 ⁄ to 11⁄2 [12.7 to 38.1], excl
12 ±0.005 [0.13] ±10 ⁄ [3]
18 0 less than 0.065 in. [1.6 mm]
nominal
11⁄2 to 31⁄2 [38.1 to 88.9],
3 ±0.010 [0.25] ±10 ⁄
3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.095 in. [2.4 mm]
excl
nominal
31⁄2 to 51⁄2 [88.9 to 139.7],
4 ±0.015 [0.38] ±10 ⁄
3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in. [3.8 mm]
excl
nominal
51⁄2 to 8 [139.7 to 203.2],
5 ±0.030 [0.76] ±10 ⁄
3 16 [5] 0 less than 0.150 in. [3.8 mm]
incl
nominal
A
When tubes as ordered require wall thicknesses 3⁄4 in. [19 mm] or over, or an inside diameter 60 % or less of the outside diameter, a wider variation in wall thickness is
required. On such sizes a variation in wall thickness of 12.5 % over or under will be permitted.
For tubes less than 1⁄2 in. [12.7 mm] in inside diameter which cannot be successfully drawn over a mandrel, the wall thickness may vary ±15 % from that specified.
B
These tolerances apply to cut lengths up to and including 24 ft [7.3 m]. For lengths greater than 24 ft [7.3 m], the above over tolerances shall be increased by 1⁄8 in. [3
mm] for each 10 ft [3 m] or fraction thereof over 24 ft, or 1⁄2 in. [13 mm], whichever is lesser.
C
Ovality provisions of 12.2 apply.

16. Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test 17. Product Marking

16.1 Each tube, seamless or welded, shall be subjected to 17.1 In addition to the marking described in Specification
the nondestructive electric test or the hydrostatic test. The type A1016/A1016M, the marking shall indicate whether the tubing
of test to be used shall be at the option of the manufacturer, is seamless or welded.
unless otherwise specified in the purchase order. 18. Keywords
18.1 ferritic stainless steel; seamless steel tube; stainless
steel tube; steel tube; welded steel tube

SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

The following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the purchaser in the
inquiry, contract, or order.

S1. Pneumatic Test S2.1.1 Each tube shall be subjected to an ultrasonic inspec-
S1.1 The tubing shall be examined by a pneumatic test tion employing Practices E273 or E213 with the rejection
(either air under water or pneumatic leak test) in accordance criteria referenced in Specification A1016/A1016M.
with Specification A1016/A1016M. S2.1.2 If Practice E273 is employed, a 100 % volumetric
inspection of the entire length of each tube shall also be
S2. Additional Testing of Welded Tubing for 100 % Joint performed using one of the non-destructive electric tests
Efficiency in Certain ASME Applications (see Note permitted by Specification A1016/A1016M.
S2.1) S2.1.3 The test methods described in the supplement may
NOTE S2.1—When specified, the special testing in this supplement is not be capable of inspecting the end portions of tubes. This
intended for special ASME applications. It is not mandatory for all ASME condition is referred to as end effect. This portion, as deter-
applications. mined by the manufacturer, shall be removed and discarded.
S2.1 Where this supplement is specified in the purchase
order, in certain ASME applications it is permissible to use S2.1.4 In addition to the marking prescribed in Specification
100 % joint efficiency for the longitudinal weld, provided the A1016/A1016M,“ S2” shall be added after the grade designa-
following additional requirements are met: tion.

6
 A268/A268M − 10 (2016)
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