1-The Criteria for filling(Obturation) is…

A-Good working length ,wet canal.

B-Optimum debridement, dry canal, and free canal.
C-Optimum irrigation and wet canal.
D-Non of the above.
2- Obtaining adequate access in endodontic treatment…..
a-Reduce the procedural errors & treatment difficulties.
b-Is not necessary in acute pulpites.
c-Necessary in posterior teeth only.
d- The most challenging and stressful part of enodontic treatment.
e- All of the above.
f- (a,c).
gj-(a,d).
3-Advantages of Unroofing the chamber is…(are)…
a- Weakening of the tooth structure.
b-Facilitate the ability to visualize the chamber floor.
c-Aids in locating the canals.
d- Facilitate complete removing of the coronal pulp tissue, which prevents
discoloration.
e- All except (a).
f-(b,d).
4- If a size 15 instrument is the widest initial file that will reach the full working
length of a given tooth, that canal should be enlarged to…..
A- A size 20 or more.
B- A size 25 or more.
C- A size 30 or more.
D- All of the above.
E- (a,b).
5-The Age changes in the dental pulp by the time….
A-Reducing of the cells and the fibers, may be calcification of the pulp.
B-Increasing of the cells, reducing of the fibers tissue.
C-Increasing of the cells and the fibers tissue.
D-Reducing of the cells ,and increasing of fibers tissue.
6-Patients may report the dental pain as sharp, dull, continuous, intermittent,
mild, severe….Because…
a-The pulp does not contain proprioceptive fibers.
b-the inflammatory process extends beyond the apical foramen and begins
to involve the periodontal ligament.
c-the neural portion of the pulp contains only pain fibers.
d- Of the irritation of the C-fibers.
e-Non of the above.
7-The pulp is undeniably sensitive to thermal stimuli such as ice cream and hot
drinks, Because…
a-The dentin-pulp complex function as an exquisitely responsive sensory system.
b-The pulp encased in a protective layer of dentin, which in turn is covered with enamel.
c- Of the low thermal conductivity of dentin.
d- All of the above.
e-(a,b).
f-(a,c).
8-Which tooth presents a fine ribbon-shaped canal system that is almost impossible
to clean and shape thoroughly ?
a- Lower first incisor.
b- Upper first premolar.
c-Mandibular first premolar
d-Upper first molar.
e-All of the above.
f-Non of the above.
9-Which of the following statements is correct according to the first upper
premolar.
a-The canal orifices lie below and slightly central to the cusp tips.
b-Removable appliances increase torque on these frequently clasped teeth, &
induce heavy calcification of the pulp chambers.
c-6% of the cases, with three roots, three canals, and three foramina.
d-All of the above.
e-(a,c).
10-Endodontic failures in mandibular incisors usually arise from….
a-uncleaned lingual canal.
b-labial perforations.
c-stripping through proximal root walls.
d- stripping through lingual root wall.
e-All of the above.
f- (a,b,c).
g-(a,b,d).
11-The function of a tooth depends on;
a-the health and vitality of the periodontium.
b-the status of the pulp.
c-the length of the clinical crown.
d-the width of the root.
e-All of the above.
12-A three-dimensionally well-filled root canal system does the following:
a-Prevents microleakage of Periapical exudate into the root canal space.
b-Prevents microorganisms from reinfecting the root canal during transient bacteremia.
c-Creates a biologic environment for the process of tissue healing to take place.
d-All of the above.
e-(b,c).
f-(a,b).
13-An ideal root canal sealer should:
a-Be tacky & have good adhesion to the canal wall
b-Be capable of producing a hermetic seal.
c-Be radiopaque & soluble in common solvents if removal becomes necessary.
d-Expand while setting.
e-All of the above except (D).
f-(a,b,c,d).
14-The most effective anesthetic in Endodontic treatment is…
a-Mepevicaine
b-Lignicaine
c-Ubistesine.
d-Xylanor.
15-Which of the following statement is false?
a-The conventional(Gutta-percha) cones, are useful as secondary or auxiliary
cones in lateral and vertical condensation.
b- The conventional cones (no. 15 to 140) are normally used as primary(master) cones.
c-cones in sizes XX fine, X fine, and fine more rigid primary cones in smaller sized
canals than do the small standardized cones.
d- Gutta-percha is slightly soluble in eucalyptol and freely soluble in turpentine,
chloroform, ether, or xylol
16-The disadvantages of gutta-percha as a filling material are as follows:
a-Difficult to use in narrow canals.
b-Gutta-percha docs not adhere to the canal walls.
c- It is compactable.
d- discolor the tooth structure.
e-All of the above.
f-(a,d).
g-(a,b).
17- The most important objective in root canal filling is…are…
a-To fill the canals with master gutta-percha and sealer to the anatomical apex, and seal the
orifice with hermetic seal to prevent leakage.
b- To fill the canal system completely and densely and to seal the apical foramina
hermetically.
c-To fill the root canal system with master cone and fill the accessory canals with
sealer and auxiliary gutta-percha.
d-Non of the above.
18- A radiolucent line appearing between the(Master) gutta-percha cone and the
wall of the canal indicates….
a- That an extra canal is present
b- That the canal preparation is not round,
c- That the cone may be too small
d- Any of the above.
19- The lateral condensation tends to be concentrated more in…
a-The apical third of the root canal space.
b-T he middle and occlusal third of the root canal space.
c-The middle and apical third of the root canal space.
d-The middle third of the root canal space.
e- must be concentrated equally in all parts of the canal space.
20-If the master apical file after canal preparation was 30 ,the proper Endodontic
spreader to use in this canal is….
a- spreader No (A) with yellow ring.
b-Spreader No (B) with red ring.
c- Spreader No © with blue ring.
d-Spreader No (D) with green ring.
21-The correct emergency treatment in single-rooted teeth is.(in acute pulpitis)
A-Pulpotomy.
B-Pulpectomy.
C-Direct pulp capping.
D-Non of the above.
22-Suppurative Apical Periodontitis
a-An apical lesion that has established drainage through a sinus tract
b-this lesion is usually asymptomatic and is revealed by an apical radiolucency.
c- may result when large numbers of bacteria get past the apex and elicit a severe inflammatory
response.
d- The patient may complain of the tooth's feeling elevated in the socket,
e-(a,c).
f-(a,d).
23-Properties of using Periodontal ligament injection.( (or intraligamentary);
a- the only contraindication to its use would be insertion of the anesthetic
solution into an area of periodontal or Periapical infection.
b-Causing complications, such as extrusion of the tooth.
c- Advantages to its use include adequate pulpal anesthesia with a minimal
volume of solution(0.2 to 0.4 ml).
d- more successful in younger patients.
e-All except (D).
f-(b,c).
24-In Heavily Restored Teeth, the access cavity….
a-Should be done through the restoration to keep retention to apply the rubber dam.
b-Removing the restoration before access, allow Better visibility also makes
locating receded or calcified canals easier.
c-The access should done after complete removing of the restoration, which
often have leaky, defective margins or recurrent caries.
d-(b,c).
25-K-Files
a- manufactured by twisting square metal blanks along their long axis,
producing partly horizontal cutting blades.
b-useful for apical enlargement in severe apical curves.
c-The tip size increases by0,1mm for sizes #60 to #140.
d-Inside the canal it could used in a way of reaming action.
e-(a,d).
f-(a,c).
g-(a,c,d).
26-Which of the following statements relating to NaOCl is false?
a-Higher concentrations allow better tissue dissolution but dissolve both
necrotic and vital tissue.
b-Commercially available household bleach contains 5.25% NaOCl.
c-NaOCl maximally removes dentin or smear layer.
d-Concentration of 1% NaOCl required 1 hour to kill Candida albicans.
e-Non of the above.
27 -The properties of Chlorhexidine (CHX);
a-A broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent effective against gram-
negative and gram-positive bacteria.
b-Effective combinations of CHX and Ca(OH)2 are show strong
antimicrobial activity against obligate anaerobes.
c-Did not affect the alkalinity of the calcium hydroxide suspensions.[
d-All of the above.
e-(a,c).
28-Canal preparation results are affected by;
a-The technique of preparation.
b-The type of the irrigant solution.
c-The highly variable root canal anatomy.
d-The age of the patient.
e-Non of the above.
29-The ideal emergency treatment for irreversible pulpitis when time is
available….
a-complete cleaning and shaping-Naocl as an irrigant, and dressing the canals
with calcium hydroxide.
b-Remove all pulp tissue from the pulp chamber and irrigate with Naocl, A
corticosteroid sealed in the pulp chamber with a temporary restoration of IRM.
d-Amputation of the pulp chamber, irrigate, Extirpation of the pulp canals,
dressing the pulp chamber with formacrisole & temporary restoration of IRM.
E-Non of the above.
30- Third-generation electronic apex locators can operate in a wet
environment, even one containing sodium hypochlorite, because…..
a- Of using a Teflon-coated probe instead of files for working length determination.
b-They use two different frequencies and average the change as the apex is reached.
c-The electrical resistance between an instrument in the canal and the mucous
membrane is a consistent value.
d-Non of the above.
31-When using electronic apex locators to determine working length,
the clinician should…..
a- Remove the metallic restorations, which may interfere with the reading of the
device .
b-dry the coronal canal space and chamber before measurement .
c- use a silicone-containing material within the canal spaces, such as Gly-Oxide.
d-All of the above.
E-(a,b).
f-(a,c).
32-The correct emergency treatment in a posterior tooth, when minimal time is
available is……(in acute pulpitis)
A-Pulp extirpation.
B-Direct pulp capping.
C-Pulpotomy.
D-Non of the above.
33-The correct emergency treatment in Acute pulpitis with apical periodontitis…
A-Complete Pulpectomy.
B-The main procedure is to remove the apical third of the pulp tissue.
C-In multicanaled, if no time Pulpectomy, performed on the largest canal only.
D-All of the above.
E-(a,c).
34-The correct emergency treatment in Pulp Necrosis is…..
A-No need for treatment.
B-Extraction of the tooth.
C- Canal enlargement with heavy irrigation to remove the necrotic pulp tissue.
D-Incision of the soft tissue.
35-The correct emergency treatment in Acute Periapical abscess is…
A-Pulpotomy.
B-Pulpectomy.
C-Incision and draining through the root canal space.
D-Extraction of the tooth.
36-If the patient returns at the appointment after canal preparation and reports that
the treated tooth has been very tender to percussion…..
a-It may be assumed that the canal was not cleaned to the apex.
b- It may be assumed that the canal was overinstrumented.
c- It may be assumed that the canal was cleaned with H2O2.
d-The preparation made, by using H-file only.
e- (a,c).
37-The type IV canal configuration;
a-one canal leaving the pulp chamber ,and leaving 2 canals with separate apical foramina.
b- single canal from the pulp chamber to the apex.
c-two separate canals leaving the chamber and exiting the root in separate apical
foramina.
d-two separate canals leaving the chamber but merging short of the apex to form only one
canal.
38- to avoid ledge formation during root canal preparation……
a- We should precurve the file in curved canal.
.b-use NITI file to prepare the canals.
c-use Crown- down technique to prepare the canals.
d- Use the balanced force technique to prepare the canals.
e-All of the above.
f- (a,d).
39- Extending a No. 10 file with a 0.02 taper 1.0 mm beyond the apical foramen
will result in which of the following:
a. It opens the apical foramen to a minimum diameter of 0.12 mm.
b. It increases post operative discomfort to occlusal forces.
c. It reduces the percentage of change from a No. 10 file to a No. 15 file by 50%.
 d. It eliminates the natural constriction of the foramen and increases the chance for an
overfill.
40-The most common cause of failure in endodontic treatment is…(are)..
a-Short canal filling
b-Single cone(swimming)in much larger canal
c-Failure to follow root curvature
d-Unfilled canal in multicanaled tooth
e-All of the above.
f-(a,b,d).
41-The degree of canal enlargement depends on…..
A-The tooth length, and root curvature.
B-The old of the patient.
C-The general rule,most canals will be minimally enlarged three sizes
wider than the smallest instrument that initially binds near the apex.
D-Non of the above.
E-(a,b).
.42- Ledermix used in RCT to relieve pain because of
A. Antibiotics
B. Corticosteroid
43- The best method for controlling the microbial reproduction in the closed root
canal system between visits is..(are)..
A- 0,5% sodium hypochlorite as an irrigating solution.
B- The placement of calcium hydroxide in the canal as dressing.
C- The use of steroide midecoment as dressing the root canals.
D- All of the above.
E- (a,b).
44-EDTA is a chelating agent which used to …
A- Facilitate instrumentation of the canal.
B- Enlarging the canals.
C- Decalcified the canal
D- Remove smear layer from dentinal tubules.
E- (a,b,d).
F- (a,c,d).
45-The prognosis of Endodontic therapy for older patients is better than that for the
younger age because of…
A- The tighter apical foramina.
B- Lake of completely patent auxiliary canals.
C- Wide and strait canals.
D-Dense Periapical bone, and healthier specimens.
E-All of the above.
F-All of the above are true except (c).
46-All of the following regarding root canal anatomy is correct except:
a) calcifications usually occur at coronal third.
b) curvatures usually occur at apical third.
c) the canals are centered in the root space.
d) radiographic foramen are not matched with the physiological foramen.
47-The clinical determinations which required before instituting Endodontic
emergency treatment are….
A-Determine the presence or absence of pulp vitality.
B-Analyze the reaction of the offending tooth to percussion.
C-Evaluate the radiograph.
D-All of the above
E- (a,c).
48-The primary objectives in cleaning and shaping the root canal system are to:
a) Reduce the pain.
b)Remove infected soft and hard tissue.
c) Reduce the swelling.
d)Create space for the delivery of medicaments and obturation.
e)Retain the integrity of radicular structure.
f) All of the above.
g) (b,d,e).
49-The Benefits of using irrigants in Root Canal Treatment:
a)Removal of debris and wetting the canal walls.
b)Facilitate obturation, by removing of the smear layer.
c)Facilitate canal Preparation , dissolving of organic debris.
d) Destruction of microorganisms, and disinfection of areas inaccessible to Endodontic instruments.
e) All of the above.
f) (a,c,d).
50-The last step of successful cleaning and shaping is….
a) To achieve dry canal when using the paper point.
b) To achieve the proper shape for the cone fit.
c) To achieve symptom free.
d) To achieve the proper shape for the spreader fit.
51-RCT in a Teeth with large MOD restorations begin with….
a-access cavity during (through) the restoration.
b-removing the old restoration and fill it with GI cement.
c- fit an orthodontic band before RCT is started
d-reducing of the occlusial contact.
e-Non of the above.
52-Which of the following factors can affect the shape and
size of the pulp canal
A. Chemical irritation and caries
B. Trauma and function
C. Attrition, wear and aging of the patient
D. All of the above
53-The sterilisation of Gutta Percha is achieved by
A. Heat
B. Chemical sterilisation
C. Flame
D. Boiling
E. Autoclave
. 54-Lateral canals are usually found
A. The middle of the root
B. Fist third of the root close to the crown
C. The apical third
.55- To remove the pulp tissue from narrow canal, you can use
A. Barbed broach
B. Small K-Type file
C. Smooth broach
D. Reamer
.56- Mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars MOST COMMONLY Have
A. One canal with one foramen
B. One or two canals with one foramen
C. Two canals with one foramen
D. Two canals with two foramen
.57- Which of the following is NOT characteristics of canal filing materials
“obturation material”
A. Tacky adhesive to walls
B. Radio opaque
C. Not irritating
D. Quick in setting
.58- In which direction does the palatal root of the upper first
molar usually curve towards
A. Facial / buccal/
B. Lingual
C. Mesial
D-Desital

59-Shaping the root canal system is important to….

A- facilitates obturation.
B- to allow delivery of irrigation fluids to the entire canal space.
c-to eliminate irritant from the canals.
d- facilitate using of the posts to restore the tooth.
e-prevent discoloration of the coronal part of the tooth.
f- All of the above.
g-(a,b,e).
h-(a,b,c).
60-The patency File is…
A- the first instrument that reaches the radiographic terminus.
B- The instrument that keep the pathway of the canal open during instrumentation.
C-The same as the exploring file.
D-the last file that used in canal preparation.
E- The file which used to determinate the working length.
F-Any of the above.
61- Recapitulation….
A- does merely confirm patency.
B- is sequential reentry and reuse of each previous instrument.
C- the first instrument that reaches the radiographic terminus.
D-Negotiation of the ledge formation.
E- any of the above.
F-(b,d).
62- Managing endodontic Diffuse swellings (cellulitis )…
a- The cardinal rule is to attempt to establish drainage.
b- If no concurrent attempt is made to establish drainage, the use of antibiotics only.
c-swelling can be facilitated through incision and drainage of the area.(through the canals).
d- soft tissue drainage must be established through incision of the diffusely swollen alveolar tissues.
e- enlarging the constriction no larger than a No. 25 file and the tooth is left open.
f- Hot, intraoral saline rinses and systemic antibiotic..
g-all of the above.
h-(a,b,f).
i-(a,d,e,f).
63-Hypersensitive dentin
a-may result in Exposed cervical dentin from gingival recession, periodontal surgery,
toothbrush abrasion, or erosion.
b-treatment modalities focus on the chemical or physical blockage of the patent dentinal
tubules to prevent fluid movement from within.
c- an undetected gap formed in the interface between dentin and restoration.
d- placement of indirect pulp capping with calcium hydroxide is indicated in these cases.
e-All of the above related to hypersensitive dentin.
f-(c,d).
g-(a,b).
h-(a,d).
1 B 29 A 57D
2 G 30B 58A
3 E 31D 59H
4 C 32C 60B
5 D 33D 61B
6 C 34C 62I
7 F 35C 63G
8 C 36B
9 D 37A
10 F 38F
11 A 39A
12 D 40A
13 E 41C
14 C 42B
15 A 43B
16 G 44F
17 B 45F
18 A 46C
19 B 47D
20 B 48G
21 B 49E
22 A 50B
23 E 51B
24 D 52D
25 F 53B
26 C 54C
27 D 55B
28 C 56C