Frequency Response: Laboratory Experiment #7

University of M’hamad Bougara Boumerdes
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
I.G.E.E
LABORATORY EXPERIMENT #7
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
EE203-LAB
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING II
Prepared by:
RIMANE BOUDHAR
DAHBIA MESSAOUDI
PROMOTION: L03/GROUP: 09
Under supervision of:

Dr. METIDJI R
Date the lab was conducted:

January 29, 2020
1
Introduction:
Objectives:
The purpose of this lab experiment is to study different types of
filters: low pass, high pass and band pass filter.
2
Apparatus:
Inductor of 68 mH
FG/The scope
BNC Adaptor Bread Board
BANANA to BANANA cables
3
T BNC connector
Capacitor of 50 nF Capacitor of 330 nF
Capacitor of 100 nF Resistors of 470 Ω
4
Procedure:
Part 1:
1. We determined the theoretical cut-off frequency using the
circuit shown in Fig. 1.
With:
R = 470 Ω
C = 100 nF
1
We have: f 0= 2 πRC (capacitive circuit)
1
NA: f 0= =3.4 kHz
2 π∗470∗100∗10−9
1 1
So: T 0=
f 0 3.4 0.3 ms
= =¿
2. We built the circuit shown in Fig. 1. We placed a probe across

the capacitor. We set the output of the generator to a 2V peak
to peak sine wave. We set the frequency to the theoretical
cutoff frequency which is 3.4 kHz.
5
3. We adjusted the frequency in small amounts, up and down,
until the voltage of 0.707 V is found across the capacitor. This
is the experimental cut-off frequency.
4. We copied the experimental cutoff frequency in Table 1.
We measured and recorded the voltage across the capacitor for all
of the frequencies in Table 1.
Frequency VC
f0 = 10 kHz 0.707 V
100 Hz 1V
500 Hz 1V
1 kHz 1V
2 kHz 0.9 V
10 kHz 0.7 V
20 kHz 0.4 V
50 kHz 0.2 V
100 kHz 0.1 V
Table 1
5. We plotted VC as a function of frequency, based on the data

from Table 1. We got Graph 1.(Using the decibel scale)
6. We swapped the resistor and the capacitor as shown in Fig. 2
and repeated steps 1 through 5 but using Table 2.
6
Frequency VR
f 0= 10 kHz 0.707 V
100 Hz 0.01 V
500 Hz 0.04 V
1 kHz 0.1 V
2 kHz 0.2 V
10 kHz 0.7 V
20 kHz 0.9 V
50 kHz 1V
100 kHz 1V
Table 2
We plotted VR as a function of frequency, based on the data from

Table 2. We got Graph 2. (Using the decibel scale)
Part 2:
1. We determined the theoretical cut-off frequency using the

circuit shown in Fig. 3.
7
With:
R = 470 Ω
L = 68 mH
R
We have: f 0= 2 πL (inductive circuit)
470
NA: f 0= =1.1 kHz
2 π∗68∗10−3
1 1
So: T 0=
f 0 1.1 0.9 ms
= =¿
2. We built the circuit shown in Fig. 3. We placed a probe across

the inductor. We set the output of the generator to a 2V peak
to peak sine wave. We set the frequency to the theoretical
cutoff frequency which is 1.1 kHz.
3. We adjusted the frequency in small amounts, up and down,

until the voltage of 0.707 V is found across the inductor. This is
the experimental cut-off frequency.
4. We copied the experimental cutoff frequency in Table 3.
8
We measured and recorded the voltage across the capacitor for all
of the frequencies in Table 3.
Frequency VL
f0 = 5 kHz 0.707 V
100 Hz 0.025 V
500 Hz 0.045 V
1 kHz 0.4 V
2 kHz 0.5 V
10 kHz 0.9 V
20 kHz 1V
50 kHz 1V
100 kHz 1V
Table 3
5. We plotted VL as a function of frequency, based on the data

from Table 3. We got Graph 3. (Using the decibel scale)
6. We swapped the resistor and the inductor as shown in Fig. 4
and repeated steps 1 through 5 but using Table 4.
9
Frequency VR
f 0= 5 kHz 0.707 V
100 Hz 1V
500 Hz 1V
1 kHz 1V
2 kHz 0.9 V
10 kHz 0.6 V
20 kHz 0.3 V
50 kHz 0.05 V
100 kHz 0.01 V
Table 4
We plotted VR as a function of frequency, based on the data from

Table 4. We got Graph 4. (Using the decibel scale)
Part 3:
A bandpass filter may be implemented by cascading a high pass filter

and a low pass filter. If the bandwidth of the bandpass filter is in the
range [f1, f2], the high pass filter is designed with a cutoff frequency f1
and the low pass part has the cutoff frequency f2 .
1. Given that we want to design a bandpass filter to pass

frequencies in the range [1 kHz, 7 kHz], we designed the two
10
filters using R = 470 Ω, we used the RC configuration to build
the low pass and high pass filters.
We found C1 and C2 using:

1
We have: f = 2 πRC
1 1
⇒ C 1= 2 πR f 1 = 2 π∗470∗1∗103 =338.6 nF
1 1
⇒ C 2= 2 πR f 2 = 2 π∗470∗7∗103 =48.38 nF
2. We built the designed filter as shown in Fig. 3 using :
C1 = 330 nF for the highpass filter
C2 = 50 nF for the lowpass filter
3. The real value of the bandwidth using these values:
Finding f1 and f2 :
1 1
f 1= = =1.0 kHz
2 πR C1 2 π∗470∗330∗10−9
1 1
f 2= = =6.8 kHz
2 πR C2 2 π∗470∗50∗10−9
So: The bandwidth filter is in the range [1.0 kHz, 6.8 kHz].
Where: the high pass filter has the cutoff frequency f1 = 1.0 kHz
and the low pass filter has the cutoff frequency f2 = 6.8 kHz.
11
4. We measured the output at the resistor VR for different
frequencies as in Table 5.
Frequency VR
100 Hz 0.02 V
500 Hz 0.2 V
1 kHz 0.6 V
2 kHz 0.7 V
4 kHz 0.7 V
6 kHz 0.7 V
8 kHz 0.6 V
10 kHz 0.4 V
20 kHz 0.2 V
50 kHz 0.1 V
100 kHz 0.01 V
Table 5
12
Discussion:
13
Conclusion:
14

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University of M’hamad Bougara Boumerdes

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Under supervision of:

Date the lab was conducted:

BNC Adaptor Bread Board

BANANA to BANANA cables

Capacitor of 50 nF Capacitor of 330 nF

Capacitor of 100 nF Resistors of 470 Ω

2. We built the circuit shown in Fig. 1. We placed a probe across

4. We copied the experimental cutoff frequency in Table 1.

5. We plotted VC as a function of frequency, based on the data

We plotted VR as a function of frequency, based on the data from

1. We determined the theoretical cut-off frequency using the

2. We built the circuit shown in Fig. 3. We placed a probe across

3. We adjusted the frequency in small amounts, up and down,

4. We copied the experimental cutoff frequency in Table 3.

5. We plotted VL as a function of frequency, based on the data

We plotted VR as a function of frequency, based on the data from

A bandpass filter may be implemented by cascading a high pass filter

1. Given that we want to design a bandpass filter to pass

We found C1 and C2 using:

2. We built the designed filter as shown in Fig. 3 using :

C1 = 330 nF for the highpass filter

C2 = 50 nF for the lowpass filter

3. The real value of the bandwidth using these values:

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