URDANETA CITY UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

URDANETA CITY

Q180 – Soil Mechanics

NAME: AVILA, ALJON C. COURSE & YEAR: BSCE - 5 DATE GIVEN: 10/24/20
INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. LEO GERARDO S. ROXAS DATE DUE: 11/03/20

PLATE #2
(SOIL TESTS AND INDICES)

1. The Atterberg limits of a given soil are, LL = 60%, 2. The consistency limits of a soil sample are LL = 52%,
PL = 45% and SL = 25%. The specific gravity of soil PL = 35%, and SL = 17%. If a specimen of this soil
solids is 2.67. A sample of this soil at liquid limit shrinks from a volume of 10 cc at liquid limit to 6.1
has a volume of 20 cc. What will be its final cc at plastic limit, determine the specific gravity of
volume if the sample is brought to its shrinkage solids.
limit?

Total Volume = Volume of voids + Volume of solids (VL - VP ) / (WL – WP) = (VP – VD) / (WP - WS)

At Liquid Limit LL = 0.52,

S e L.L = G wL.L PL = 0.35,

wL.L = 60% SL = 0.17

1 x e L.L = 2.67 x 0.6 VL = 10cc

e L.L= 1.602 VP = 6.1

e = Vv /Vs = 1.602 (10 - 6.1 ) / (0.52 - 0.35) = (6.1 - Vd ) / (0.35 - 0.17)

Vd = 1.97 cc
Vv = Vt - Vs
1.602 = ( 20 - Vs ) / Vs G = Vd / Vw = 1.97 /1 = 1.97

Vs = 7.68 cc

At Shrinkage Limit

S e S.L = G wS.L

1 x e S.L = 2.67 x 0.25

e S.L = 0.667

e = Vv /Vs = 0.667

Vv /7.68 = 0.667

Vv = 5.12 cc

Volume of sample at SL = 5.12 + 7.68 = 12.81 cc

 3. An oven dried pat of clay weighs 26.20gramsand 4. A sample of coarse sand was found to have void
displaces 190 grams of mercury when fully ratios of 0.87 and 0.52 in its loosest and densest
immersed in it. If the specific gravity of solids be states respectively. The in-situ density and water
content of the sand were 1.95 g/cc and 23%.
2.7, determine the shrinkage limit of the soil.
Determine the degree of saturation and relative
density of the sand in the field. Given, Gs = 2.66
GsMERCURY = 13.6
Density(Field) = Gs(1+w)Pw/(1+e)
Volume of Hg = 190 g/ 13.6 g/cc
1.95 = 2.66(1+0.23)(1)/(1+e)
Volume of Hg = 13.97 cc
e = 0.678

Dry Unit Weight = 26.20/13.97 S = Gsw/e = 2.66(23)/0.678

Dry Unit Weight = 1.87 g/cc S = 90.256%

Gs = 1/[(1/SR)-SL] ----eq.1 Dr = (emax – e)/( emax – emin)

Dr = 100(0.87- 0.678)/(0.87 – 0.52)

SR = Yd/Yw = 1.87g/cc / 1 g/cc = 1.87
Dr = 54.90%
From the eq.1

SL = [Gs(1/SR) – 1]/Gs = [2.7(1/1.87) – 1]/2.7

Shrinkage Limit = 0.16285 = 16.285%

5. The following data were obtained from a specific 6. The Atterberg limits of a given soil are LL = 68%,
gravity test performed in the laboratory: PL = 37%, and SL = 22%. If the natural moisture
Weight of empty pycnometer = 201.25 grams content of this soil at the site be 42%, then
Weight of pycnometer and dry soil = 298.76 determine:
grams a. Plasticity Index
Weight of pycnometer, soil and water = 758.92 b. Consistency Index
grams c. Liquidity Index
Weight of pycnometer full of water = 698.15
grams PI = LL – PL
Determine the specific gravity of the soil.
PI = 68 – 37
Gs = (M2 – M1)/[ (M2 – M1) - (M3 – M4)
PI = 31%
= (298.76 – 201.25)/[ (298.76 – 201.25) - (758.92 – 698.15)
CI = (LL- w)/PL
Gs = 2.654
CI = (68- 42)/37

CI = 0.7027

LI = (w- PL)/PI

LI = (42- 37)/31

LI = 0.1613
 7. A single liquid limit test was performed with 8. The weight and volume of a fully saturated soil
Casagrande’s liquid limit device on a soil sample sample were 55.4 gram and 29.2 cc respectively.
with known Atterberg limits. The number of After drying in an oven for 24 hours, its weight
blows required to close the groove was recorded and volume reduced to 39.8 gram and 21.1 cc
as 53. The corresponding moisture content of the respectively. Find out the shrinkage limit of the
sample was found to be 28%. If the liquid limit soil.
and plastic limit of the soil be 74% and 41%
respectively, determine its toughness index.
SL = w – [(V2 – V1)/M2]Pw
PI = LL – PL
w = (M1 – M2)/ M2
PI = 74 – 41
w = (55.4 – 39.8)/39.8
PI = 33 %
w = 0.3920
FI = (w2 – w1)/log(N2/N1)
SL = 0.3920 – [(29.2 – 21.1)/39.8](1)
FI = (74 – 28)/log(53/25)
SL = 18.84%
= 97.604

TI = PI/FI

= 33/97.604

TI = 0.3381 = 33.81 %
 9. If the dry density and unit weight of solids of a 10. A cylindrical soil sample of 7.5 cm in height and
soil be 1.6g gm/cc and 2.65 gm/cc respectively, 3.75 cm diameter has been prepared at the
determine its shrinkage limit. shrinkage limit. If the sample is now allowed to
absorb water so that its water content reaches
SL = [Gs(1/SR) – 1]/Gs the liquid limit, what will be its volume? Given LL
= 62%, PL =34%, SL = 21%, G = 2.68.
Gs = 2.65/1 = 2.65
V = (pi/4)(3.75)2(7.5) = 82.834 cc
SR = Pd/Pw = 1.68/1 = 1.68
SL = (1/SR) – (1/Gs)
SL = [2.65(1/1.68) – 1]/2.65
0.21 = (1/SR) – (1/2.68)
SL = 21.79%
SR = 1.714

SR = ((VL – Vol)/Vol)(100)/(wLL – wSL)

1.714 = ((VL – 82.834)/82.834)(100)/(62 – 21)

VL = 141.044 cc
 11. A cylindrical mould of 10 cm internal diameter 12. Following are the results of a shrinkage limit test:
and 11.7 cm height weighs 1894 grams. The Initial volume of soil in a saturated state = 24.6
mould was filled up with dry soil, first at its cm3 Final volume of soil in a dry state = 15.9 cm3
loosest state and then at the densest state, and Initial mass in a saturated state = 44.0 g Final
was found to weigh 3273 grams and 3538 grams mass in a dry state = 30.1 g
respectively. if the natural soil existing at the field
be submerged below the ground water table and Determine the shrinkage limit of the soil
has a water content of 23 %, determine the
relative density of the soil. Given, G = 2.65. w = (44-30.1)/30.1 = 0.4618

Volume = (pi/4)(10x10)(11.7) = 918.92 cc SL = (0.4618 – (24.6-15.9)/30.1)(100%)

Ydmin = (3273-1894)/918.92 = 1.501g/cc SL = 17.28 %

Ydmax = (3538-1894)/918.92 = 1.789g/cc

Yd = 2.65(1)/(1+(2.65x2.65)) = 1.6465 g/cc

Dr = (Ydmin-1 - Yd-1)/ (Ydmin-1 – Ydmax-1)

= (1.501-1 – 1.6465-1)/ (1.501-1 – 1.789-1)

Dr = 54.93%
 13. Following are the results from the liquid and 14. Following are the results from the liquid and plastic
plastic limit tests for a soil. Liquid limit test: limit tests for a soil. Liquid limit test:

No. of Blows w No. of Blows w

16 36.5 15 42
20 34.1 20 40.8
28 27.0 28 39.1
Plastic limit test: PL = 12.2%
a. Determine the plasticity index of the soil a. Determine the plasticity index of the soil
b. Determine the liquidity index of the soil if the in- b. Determine the liquidity index of the soil if the in-
situ water content is 31% situ water content is 26%
Water Content
39 Water Content
38
37
36 45
35 44
34 43
42
33 41
32 40
31 39
30 38
29 37
28 36
35
27 34
26 33
25 32
24 31
23 30
22 29
21 28
27
20 26
19 25
18 24
17 23
16 22
15 21
20
14 19
13 18
12 17
11 16
10 15
9 14
8 13
12
7 11
6 10
5 9
4 8
3 7
2 6
5
1 4
0 3
1 5 25 2
1
0
1 5 25

.
LL = 39 %
LL = 39.6 %
PI = 39 – 12.2
PI = 39.6 – 18.7
PI = 26.8 %
PI = 20.9 %
LI = (w – PL)/PI = (31 – 12.2)/ 26.8
LI = (w – PL)/PI = (26 – 18.7)/ 20.9
LI = 0.7015
LI = 0.3493
15. A saturated soil has the following characteristics:
initial volume Vi = 19.65 cm3 , final volume Vf =
13.5 cm3 , mass of wet soil M1 = 36 g, and mass
of dry soil M2 = 25 g. Determine the shrinkage
limit and the shrinkage ratio.

SL = w – [(V2 – V1)/M2]Pw

w = (M1 – M2)/ M2

w = (36 – 25)/25

w = 0.44

SL = 0.44 – [(19.65 – 13.5)/25](1)

SL = 19.4%