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    Fluid Mechanics EXERCHAP08

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    scribdggg
    The document provides examples and exercises on determining pressure drop, flow rate, and pipe diameter in fluid flow systems using the energy equation. It describes using an iterative process of guessing pipe diameters and friction factors, calculating the Reynolds number, and looking up the friction factor in Moody charts to find the best matching solution. Pipe properties like diameter, length, material, and number of elbows are given, along with flow rates, pressures, and pump power. The goal is to calculate unknown values like pressure, flow rate, or pipe diameter.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Fluid Mechanics EXERCHAP08

    Uploaded by

    scribdggg
    63 views3 pages
    The document provides examples and exercises on determining pressure drop, flow rate, and pipe diameter in fluid flow systems using the energy equation. It describes using an iterative process of guessing pipe diameters and friction factors, calculating the Reynolds number, and looking up the friction factor in Moody charts to find the best matching solution. Pipe properties like diameter, length, material, and number of elbows are given, along with flow rates, pressures, and pump power. The goal is to calculate unknown values like pressure, flow rate, or pipe diameter.

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    The document provides examples and exercises on determining pressure drop, flow rate, and pipe diameter in fluid flow systems using the energy equation. It describes using an iterative process of guessing pipe diameters and friction factors, calculating the Reynolds number, and looking up the friction factor in Moody charts to find the best matching solution. Pipe properties like diameter, length, material, and number of elbows are given, along with flow rates, pressures, and pump power. The goal is to calculate unknown values like pressure, flow rate, or pipe diameter.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    63 views3 pages

    Fluid Mechanics EXERCHAP08

    Uploaded by

    scribdggg
    The document provides examples and exercises on determining pressure drop, flow rate, and pipe diameter in fluid flow systems using the energy equation. It describes using an iterative process of guessing pipe diameters and friction factors, calculating the Reynolds number, and looking up the friction factor in Moody charts to find the best matching solution. Pipe properties like diameter, length, material, and number of elbows are given, along with flow rates, pressures, and pump power. The goal is to calculate unknown values like pressure, flow rate, or pipe diameter.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    EXAMPLE 8.8 & Exercise 8.

    76（Determine pressure drop）


    Assume a car’s exhaust system can be approximated as 4 m of 0.05-m-diameter cast iron pipe
    with equivalent of six 90° elbows and a muffler. The muffler acts as a resistor with a loss
    coefficient of KL = 8.5. Determine the pressure at the beginning of the exhaust system if the
    flowrate us 3.0×10-3 m3/s, the temperature is 120° C, and the exhaust has the same properties
    as air.   2.25  10 5 N  s / m 2
    The energy equation is
    P1 V12 P2 V2 2  V2
      z1    z 2  (f   KL ) （1）
    g 2g g 2g D 2g
    Q 3  10 3 m 3 / sec
    其中，z1 = z2、 p2 = 0 且 V1  V2    1.528m / s （2）
    A (0.05m) 2 / 4
     V 2
    將（2）代入（1） P1  (f   KL ) （3）
    D 2
    P 101.3  10 3 N / m 2
    其中，     0.899 kg / m 3
    RT ( 286.7 N  m / kg  K )( 273  120) K
     2.6  10 4 m VD (0.899kg / m 3 )(1.528m / s)(0.05m)
    由於   0.0052 且 Re    3,053
    D 0.05m  2.25  10 5 N  s / m 2
    由 Moody chart 查得 f = 0.047
    代入（3）
     V 2
    P1  (f   KL )
    D 2
    4m 1
     [0.047  6(0.3)  8.5] (0.899kg / m 3 )(1.528m / s) 2  14.756 N / m 2
    0.05m 2

    EXAMPLE 8.8（Determine pressure drop）


    Water at 15°C flows from the basement to
    the second floor through the 1.9 cm-
    diameter copper pipe (a drawn tubing) at a
    rate of Q = 45 L/min = 7.5×10-4 m3/s
    and exits through a faucet of diameter 1.3
    cm as shown. Determine the pressure at
    point (1) if: (a) all losses are neglected, (b)
    the only losses included are major losses,
    or (c) all losses are included.

    1
    EXAMPLE 8.11 & Exercise 8.99（Determine flowrate）
    Water is circulated from a large tank,
    through a filter, and back to the tank
    as shown. The power added to the
    water by the pump is 270 N-m/s.
    Determine the flowrate through the
    filter.

    The energy equation is


    P1 V12 P2 V2 2  V2
      z1  h p    z 2  (f   KL ) （1）
    g 2g g 2g D 2g
    其中，z1 = z2、 p1 = p2 、 V1 = V2 = 0 且
    W 270 N  m / s 38.977
    p
    hp    （2）
    Q 9800 m 2 ( 4 (0.03m) ) V
    N  2
    V
    39 60m V2
    將（2）代入（1）  (f  5(1.5)  12  6  1) 
    V 0.03m 2(9.81m / s 2 )
    0.383
    V3  （3）
    f  0.01365
    VD 10 3 kg / m 3 Vm / s(0.03m)
    加上 Re    26,785.714 V （4）
     1.12  10 3 N  s / m 2
    透過 trial and error scheme…（請詳列過程）
    ◎先假設 f = 004 代入（3）得到 V = 1.93 m/s；代入（4）得到 Re = 5.17 × 104 
    利用 ε/D 與 Re 查詢 Moody chart 得知 f = 0.039 （一猜就差不遠）再確認。
    ◎再假設 f = 0039 代入（3）得到 V = 1.94 m/s；代入（4）得到 Re = 5.19 × 104 
    利用 ε/D 與 Re 查詢 Moody chart 得知 f = 0.039（可）。

    Flowrate Q = AV = …

    2
    EXAMPLE 8.13 & Exercise 8.100（Determine diameter）
    A certain process requires 6.25×10-2 m3/s of water to be delivered a pressure of 205 kPa. This
    water comes from a large diameter supply main in which the pressure remains at 415 kPa. If
    the galvanized iron pipe connecting the two locations is 60 m long and contains six threaded
    90° elbows, determine the pipe diameter. Elevation differences are negligible.
    The loss coefficient KL = 1.5 for each elbow and KL = 0.5 for the entrance.
      1.12  10 6 m 2 / s   0.15mm
    The energy equation is
    P1 V12 P2 V2 2  V2
      z1    z 2  (f   KL ) （1）
    g 2g g 2g D 2g
    其中，z1 = z2、 p1 = 415 kPa、 p2 = 205 kPa 且
    Q 6.25  10 2 m 3 / sec 0.08
    V1 = 0、 V2    2 m / s （2）
    A D 2 / 4 D
     V 2
    將（2）代入（1） P1  P2  (f   KL) 
    D 2
    60m 10 3 kg / m 3 0.08 2
    ( 415  205)  10 N / m  (1  f
    3 2
     6(1.5)  0.5) ( 2 ) 
    D 2 D
    5.7f 1
    6250  (1  ) （3）
    D D4
     0.15mm VD (0.08 / D 2 ) D 7.14  10 4
    加上  （4）且 Re    （5）
    D D  1.12  10 6 m 2 / s D
    透過 trial and error scheme…（請詳列過程）
    ◎先假設 D = 0.12 m 代入（3）得到 f = 6.23×10-3；代入（4）得到 ε/D = 0.00125；
    代入（5）得到 Re = 5.95 × 105利用 ε/D 與 Re 查詢 Moody chart 得知 f = 0.021
    ≠6.23×10-3（誤差 10 %以上）再假設不同的 D 值
    ◎再假設 D = 0.15 m 代入（3）得到 f = 0.026；代入（4）得到 ε/D = 0.001；代入
    （5）得到 Re = 4.76 × 105利用 ε/D 與 Re 查詢 Moody chart 得知 f = 0.0203 ≠
    0.026 （誤差 10 %以上）再假設不同的 D 值
    ◎再假設 D = 0.14 m 代入（3）得到 f = 0.034；代入（4）得到 ε/D = 0.00111；代入
    （5）得到 Re = 5.1 × 105利用 ε/D 與 Re 查詢 Moody chart 得知 f = 0.0205 ≠
    0.034 （誤差 10 %以上）再假設不同的 D 值
    ◎再假設 D = 0.13 m 代入（3）得到 f = 0.023；代入（4）得到 ε/D = 0.00115；代入
    （5）得到 Re = 5.5 × 105利用 ε/D 與 Re 查詢 Moody chart 得知 f = 0.0205 ≠
    0.023 （誤差 10 %以上）再假設不同的 D 值
    ◎再假設 D = 0.135 m…..

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