15

1. Please put the following steps of Cap synthesis in the correct order.
(1) N7 of the capping guanine is methylated.
(2) The terminal phosphate is removed from the pre-mRNA.
(3) A capping GMP is added to the pre-mRNA.
(4) The 2′-O-methyl group of the penultimate nucleotide is methylated.

A. 1

, 2, 3, 4
B. 1

, 4, 3, 2
C. 2, 4, 1, 3

D. 2, 3, 1, 4

E. 4
, 3, 2, 1

2. When does capping of the pre-mRNA occur?

A. I t is the first nucleotide added by RNA polymerase.

B. I t occurs before the mRNA reaches a chain length of 30 nt.

C. It occurs after the poly(A) tail has been added.

D. It occurs after splicing has occurred.

E. I t occurs after export of the mRNA into the cytoplasm.

3. Which of the following is NOT a function of the mRNA cap?

A. p

rotects the mRNA from degradation
B. e

nhances translatability of the mRNA
C. enhances transport of the mRNA to the cytoplasm

D. enhances splicing of the mRNA

E. h
elps regulate expression of the mRNA

4. Although snRNA U1 functions in the nucleus, it receives a 5′ cap to enhance its

A. b

inding to snRNPs.
B. e

xport to the cytoplasm.
C. export to the ER lumen.

D. export out of the cell.

E. b
inding to the mature mRNA.


5. The fact that actinomycin D does not inhibit polyadenylation supports the fact that

A. p

olyadenylation occurs pre-transcription of mRNA.
B. p

olyadenylation occurs during transcription.
C. polyadenylation occurs post-transcription.

D. it happens in the nucleus.

E. i t happens in the cytoplasm.

6. Which of the following is the mRNA polyadenylation signal motif found in mammalian cells?

A. A

AGAAA
B. A

AUAAA
C. AAUGGG

D. UUAUUU

E. G
GAUUU

7. Which of the following is not required for mammalian cell polyadenylation of pre-mRNA?

A. P

AP
B. C

PSF
C. PABII

D. RNA polymerase I

E. R
NA polymerase II

8. Which of the following regions on calf-thymus poly(A) polymerase has been shown
experimentally not to be necessary for its activity in vitro?

A. R

NA binding domain
B. p

olymerase module
C. nuclear localization signals

D. serine/threonine rich regions

E. A
ll domains are necessary.


9. The CTD domain of which subunit of RNA Polymerase II has been shown to be involved in pre-
mRNA processing?

A. R

pb1
B. R

pb2
C. Rpb4

D. Rpb6

E. R
pb12

10. The poly(A) tail of eukaryotic mRNA is approximately ___________ nucleotides in length.

A. 5


B. 2

5
C. 100

D. 250

E. 1
000

11. Poly(A) polymerase can be found in the _____________ of a cell.

A. n

ucleus
B. c ytoplasm

C. lysosomes

D. nucleus and cytoplasm

E. n ucleus and lysosomes

12. The capping substance for eukaryotic mRNAs is ______________.

________________________________________

13. The function of a nucleotide phosphohydrolase is to ______________ phosphates from its
substrate.

________________________________________

14. The human vaccinia virus replicates in the _________ of cells and therefore must carry with it its
own capping enzymes.

________________________________________

15. The 5′ cap of mRNA helps protect the mature mRNA from degradation by ________.

________________________________________

16. ___________ RNA is the only type of RNA to get polyadenylated.

________________________________________

17. At least 5 different cDNAs have been isolated for the enzyme poly(A) polymerase. These cDNAs
are a result of alternative ___________ and ______________ of the poly(A) polymerase gene.

________________________________________

18. Cytoplasmic ___________ remove (A)s from the poly(A) tail.

________________________________________

19. The cap plays a role in the removal of the ___________ intron while poly(A) tail plays a role in the
removal of the ____________ intron.

________________________________________

20. Uncapped mRNA is much more stable then capped mRNA.

True False

21. The 5′ cap of mRNA has no effect on the translatability of the mRNA.

True False

22. Poly(A) tails are added to the 5′ end of the mRNA molecule.

True False

23. Most genes do not encode for a poly(A) tail.

True False

24. The addition of poly(A) to mRNA seems to be important for its translatability.

True False

25. RNA polymerase II transcription of a gene usually stops at the polyadenylation site.

True False

26. Pre-mRNA must be cleaved before it is polyadenylated.

True False

27. Once a mRNA loses its poly(A) tail, it is imported back into the nucleus.

True False

28. Polyadenylation is not required for efficient transport of mRNA out of the nucleus.

True False

29. Once the poly(A) tail is added to the mRNA it is very difficult to remove.

True False

30. Pre-mRNA processing begins during transcription.

True False

31. Experiments using yeast as a model have shown that cleavage of the poly(A) tail is necessary for
transcription termination.

True False

 15 Key

1. Please put the following steps of Cap synthesis in the correct order.
(1) N7 of the capping guanine is methylated.
(2) The terminal phosphate is removed from the pre-mRNA.
(3) A capping GMP is added to the pre-mRNA.
(4) The 2′-O-methyl group of the penultimate nucleotide is methylated.

A. 1, 2, 3, 4

B. 1, 4, 3, 2

C. 2, 4, 1, 3

D. 2, 3, 1, 4

E. 4, 3, 2, 1

Bloom's Level: 6. Create

Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #1


2. When does capping of the pre-mRNA occur?

A. It is the first nucleotide added by RNA polymerase.

B. It occurs before the mRNA reaches a chain length of 30 nt.

C. It occurs after the poly(A) tail has been added.

D. It occurs after splicing has occurred.

E. It occurs after export of the mRNA into the cytoplasm.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #2


3. Which of the following is NOT a function of the mRNA cap?

A. protects the mRNA from degradation

B. enhances translatability of the mRNA

C. enhances transport of the mRNA to the cytoplasm

D. enhances splicing of the mRNA

E. helps regulate expression of the mRNA

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #3



4. Although snRNA U1 functions in the nucleus, it receives a 5′ cap to enhance its

A. binding to snRNPs.

B. export to the cytoplasm.

C. export to the ER lumen.

D. export out of the cell.

E. binding to the mature mRNA.

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #4


5. The fact that actinomycin D does not inhibit polyadenylation supports the fact that

A. polyadenylation occurs pre-transcription of mRNA.

B. polyadenylation occurs during transcription.

C. polyadenylation occurs post-transcription.

D. it happens in the nucleus.

E. it happens in the cytoplasm.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #5


6. Which of the following is the mRNA polyadenylation signal motif found in mammalian cells?

A. AAGAAA

B. AAUAAA

C. AAUGGG

D. UUAUUU

E. GGAUUU

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #6



7. Which of the following is not required for mammalian cell polyadenylation of pre-mRNA?

A. PAP

B. CPSF

C. PABII

D. RNA polymerase I

E. RNA polymerase II

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #7


8. Which of the following regions on calf-thymus poly(A) polymerase has been shown
experimentally not to be necessary for its activity in vitro?

A. RNA binding domain

B. polymerase module

C. nuclear localization signals

D. serine/threonine rich regions

E. All domains are necessary.

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand

Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #8


9. The CTD domain of which subunit of RNA Polymerase II has been shown to be involved in
pre-mRNA processing?

A. Rpb1

B. Rpb2

C. Rpb4

D. Rpb6

E. Rpb12

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Section: 15.03
Weaver - Chapter 15 #9



10. The poly(A) tail of eukaryotic mRNA is approximately ___________ nucleotides in length.

A. 5

B. 25

C. 100

D. 250

E. 1000

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #10


11. Poly(A) polymerase can be found in the _____________ of a cell.

A. nucleus

B. cytoplasm

C. lysosomes

D. nucleus and cytoplasm

E. nucleus and lysosomes

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember

Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #11


12. The capping substance for eukaryotic mRNAs is ______________.

7-methylguanosine

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #12


13. The function of a nucleotide phosphohydrolase is to ______________ phosphates from its
substrate.

remove

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #13


14. The human vaccinia virus replicates in the _________ of cells and therefore must carry with it
its own capping enzymes.

cytoplasm

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #14


15. The 5′ cap of mRNA helps protect the mature mRNA from degradation by ________.

RNases

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #15


16. ___________ RNA is the only type of RNA to get polyadenylated.

Messenger

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #16


17. At least 5 different cDNAs have been isolated for the enzyme poly(A) polymerase. These
cDNAs are a result of alternative ___________ and ______________ of the poly(A) polymerase
gene.

splicing, polyadenylation

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #17


18. Cytoplasmic ___________ remove (A)s from the poly(A) tail.

RNases

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #18


19. The cap plays a role in the removal of the ___________ intron while poly(A) tail plays a role in
the removal of the ____________ intron.

first, last

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.03
Weaver - Chapter 15 #19


20. Uncapped mRNA is much more stable then capped mRNA.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #20



21. The 5′ cap of mRNA has no effect on the translatability of the mRNA.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.01
Weaver - Chapter 15 #21


22. Poly(A) tails are added to the 5′ end of the mRNA molecule.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: 1. Remember
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #22


23. Most genes do not encode for a poly(A) tail.

TRUE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #23


24. The addition of poly(A) to mRNA seems to be important for its translatability.

TRUE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #24


25. RNA polymerase II transcription of a gene usually stops at the polyadenylation site.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #25


26. Pre-mRNA must be cleaved before it is polyadenylated.

TRUE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #26


27. Once a mRNA loses its poly(A) tail, it is imported back into the nucleus.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
 Weaver - Chapter 15 #27


28. Polyadenylation is not required for efficient transport of mRNA out of the nucleus.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #28


29. Once the poly(A) tail is added to the mRNA it is very difficult to remove.

FALSE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #29


30. Pre-mRNA processing begins during transcription.

TRUE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.03
Weaver - Chapter 15 #30


31. Experiments using yeast as a model have shown that cleavage of the poly(A) tail is necessary
for transcription termination.

TRUE

Bloom's Level: 2. Understand
Section: 15.02
Weaver - Chapter 15 #31

 15 Summary

Category # of Questions
Bloom's Level: 1. Remember 11
Bloom's Level: 2. Understand 19
Bloom's Level: 6. Create 1
Section: 15.01 10
Section: 15.02 18
Section: 15.03 3
Weaver - Chapter 15 31