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    This study guide covers topics on chemical equations, stoichiometry, gas laws, and solutions. It provides examples of balancing chemical equations, calculating moles and masses in reactions, determining limiting reactants, gas stoichiometry problems, and concentration calculations involving molarity, mass percent, and volume percent of solutions. Answers to numerous practice problems are also provided covering these essential general chemistry concepts.

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    A. BRF

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    119 views14 pages
    This study guide covers topics on chemical equations, stoichiometry, gas laws, and solutions. It provides examples of balancing chemical equations, calculating moles and masses in reactions, determining limiting reactants, gas stoichiometry problems, and concentration calculations involving molarity, mass percent, and volume percent of solutions. Answers to numerous practice problems are also provided covering these essential general chemistry concepts.

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    This study guide covers topics on chemical equations, stoichiometry, gas laws, and solutions. It provides examples of balancing chemical equations, calculating moles and masses in reactions, determining limiting reactants, gas stoichiometry problems, and concentration calculations involving molarity, mass percent, and volume percent of solutions. Answers to numerous practice problems are also provided covering these essential general chemistry concepts.

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    119 views14 pages

    A. BRF

    Uploaded by

    Irish Mercado
    This study guide covers topics on chemical equations, stoichiometry, gas laws, and solutions. It provides examples of balancing chemical equations, calculating moles and masses in reactions, determining limiting reactants, gas stoichiometry problems, and concentration calculations involving molarity, mass percent, and volume percent of solutions. Answers to numerous practice problems are also provided covering these essential general chemistry concepts.

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    Exam 3 Study Guide

    6.81 Identify the major type of attractive forces between the particles of each of the
    following
    a. BrF

    b .KCl

    c.NF3

    d.Cl2

    6.85 Which substance in each pair would have the higher BP


    a. HF or HBr
    b. HF or NaF
    c. MgBr2 or PBr3
    d. CH4 or CH3OH
    7.1 Balance the following chemical equations
    a. N2(g) +O2 (g) ------NO(g)

    b. HgO(s) ------Hg(l) + O2(g)

    c. Fe (s) +O2(g) ------ Fe2O3(s)

    d. Na(s)+Cl2(g) ------ NaCl (s)


    e. Cu2O(s) +O2(s) ------ CuO (s)
    7.7 Write balanced equation using correct formulas and included phases
    a. Lithium metal reacts with liquid water to form hydrogen gas and aqueous lithium hydroxide

    b. Solid phosphorus reacts with chlorine gas to form solid phosphorus pentachloride

    c. Solid Iron (II) oxide reacts with carbon monoxide gas to form solid iron and carbon dioxide
    gas.

    d. Liquid pentene (C5H10) burns in oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide gas and water vapor

    e. Hydrogen sulfide gas and solid iron (III) chloride reacts to form solid Iron (III) sulfide and
    hydrogen chloride gas

    7.13 Classify each of the following as a combination, decomposition, singe replacement or


    combustion
    a. 2Al2O3------4Al +3O2
    b. Br2 +BaI2 ------ BaBr2 +I2
    c. 2C2H2 +5O2 ------4CO2+ 2H20
    d. BaCl2 +K2CO3 ------BaCO3 +2KCl
    e. Pb +O2= PbO2
    7.21 Identify the reactant that is oxidized and the reactant that is reduced
    a. Zn+Cl2 ------ ZnCl2
    b. Cl2 +2NaBr ------ 2NaCl +Br2

    c. 2PbO ------2Pb +O2

    d. 2Fe(3+) + Sn (2+) ------2Fe(2+) +Sn(4+)

    7.29 calculate each of the following


    a. number of C atoms in .500 mole of C

    b. number of SO2 molecules in 1.28 moles of SO2

    c. Mole of Fe in 5.22*10^22 atoms in Fe

    d. moles of C2H6O in 8.15 *10^24 molecules of C2H6O

    7.43 calculate the number of grams in each of the following


    a. .500 mole NaCl
    b. 1.75 moles of Na2O

    c. .225 mole of H2O

    d. 4.42 moles CO2

    7.59 The chemical reaction of hydrogen with oxygen produces water


    2H2+O2------ 2H2O
    a. How many moles of O2 are required to react with 2.0 moles of H2?

    b. How many moles of H2 are needed to react with 5.0 moles of O2?

    c. How many moles of H20 form when 2.5 moles of O2 reacts?

    7.61 Carbon disulfide and carbon monoxide are produced when carbon is heated with
    sulfur dioxide
    5C + 2SO2 ------ CS2 +4CO
    a. How many moles of C are needed to react with .500 moles of SO2

    b. How many moles of CO are produced when 1.2 moles of C react?


    c. How many moles of SO2 are needed to produce .50 moles of CS2?

    d. How many moles of CS2 are produced when 2.5 moles of C react?

    7.67 Nitrogen dioxide and water react to produce nitric acid, HNO3, and nitrogen oxide
    3NO2 +H2O ------ 2HNO3 +NO
    a. How many grams of H2O are needed to react with 28 g of NO2?

    b. How many grams of NO are produced from 15.8 g of NO2?

    c. How many grams of HNO3 are produced from 8.25 g of NO2?

    7.79 Calculate the grams of indicated product when 25 g of the first reactant and 40 g of
    the second reactant is used
    a. 2 SO2 +O2 ------2SO3 (SO3)

    b. 3FE +4H2O ------ Fe3O4 +4H2 (Fe3O4)


    c. C7H16 +11O2 ------ 7CO2 +8H2O (H2O)

    7.81 Carbon disulfide is produced by the reaction of carbon and sulfur dioxide
    5C+2SO2 ------CS2 +4CO
    a. What is the percent yield of carbon disulfide if the reaction of 40g of carbon produces 36
    g carbon disulfide?

    b. What is the percent yield of carbon disulfide if the reaction of 32g of sulfur dioxide
    produces 12 g of carbon disulfide?

    7.83 Aluminum reacts with oxygen to produce aluminum oxide


    4Al +3O2 ------2Al2O3
    Calculate the mass of Al2O3 that can be produced if the reaction of 50 g of aluminum and
    sufficient oxygen has a 75% yield.

    7.87 In an exothermic reaction, is the energy of the products higher or lower than that of
    the reaction

    7.89 Classify each of the following as an endothermic or exothermic reaction


    a. a reaction releases 550 Kj
    b. The energy level of the products is higher than that of the reactants
    c. the metabolism of glucose in the body provide energy
    7.93 a. How many KJ are released when 125 g Cl2 reacts with Silicon
    Si +2Cl2 ------SiCl4 ^H = -657 kJ

    b. How many kJ are absorbed when 278 g of PCl5 reacts?


    PCl5 ------PCl3 +Cl2 ^H=+67 Kj

    7.95 In photosynthesis, glucose C6H12O6 and O2 are produced from CO2 and H2O.
    Glucose from starches is the major fuel or the body.
    6CO2 +6H2O +680 kcal ------ C6H12O6 +6O2
    a. is this reaction endo or exothermic
    b. how many grams of glucose are produced from 18 g of CO2

    c. How much heat, in KJ is needed to produce 25 g of C6H12O6

    9.1 Identify the solute and the solvent in each solution composed of each of the following:
    a. 10 g of NaCl of 100 g of H20
    b. 50 mL of ethanol, C2H5OH and 10 mL of H2O
    c. .20 L of O2 and .80 L of N2
    9.9 Write a balanced equation for the dissociation of each of the following strong
    electrolytes in water:
    a. LiBr
    b. NaNO3

    c.CuCl2

    d.K2CO3

    9.15 Calculate the number of equivalents in each of the following:


    a. 1 mole of K+

    b.2 moles of OH-

    c. 1 mole of Ca 2+

    d. 3 moles of CO3 (2-)

    9.27 Explain the following observations:


    a. more sugar dissolves in hot tea than iced tea
    b. Champagne in a warm room goes flat
    c. A warm can of soda has more spray when opened than a cold one
    9.31 Determine whether a solid form when solutions containing the following ionic
    compounds are mixed. If so write the ionic equation and the net ionic equation.
    a. KCl (aq) and Na2S (aq)

    b. AgNO3 (aq) and K2S (aq)


    c. CaCl2 (aq) and Na2SO4 (aq)

    d. CuCl2 (aq) and Li3PO4 (aq)

    9.33 Calculate the mass percent (m/m) for the solute in each of the following:
    a. 25 g of KCl and 125 g H2O

    b. 12 g of sucrose in 225 g of tea solution

    c. 8 g of CaCl2 in 80 g of CaCl2 solution

    9.35 Calculate the mass / volume percent (m/v) for the solute in each of the following
    a. 75 g of Na2SO4 I 250 mL of Na2SO4 solution

    b. 39 g of sucrose in 355 mL carbonated drink

    9.39 A mouthwash contains 22.5% (v/v) alcohol. If the bottle of mouthwash contains 355
    mL, what is the volume in mL of alcohol?
    9.43 Calculate the molarity of each of the following:
    a. 2.00 moles of glucose in 4.00 L of a glucose solution

    b. 4.00 g of KOH in 2.00 L of a KOH

    c. 5.85 g of NaCl in 400 mL of a NaCl solution

    9.51 Answer the following for the reaction:


    Mg (s) +2HCl (aq) ----- H2 (g) +MgCl2 (aq)
    a. How many milliliters of a 6 M HCl solution are required to react with 15 g of magnesium

    b. How many liters of hydrogen gas can form at STP when .500 L of a 2.00 M HCl solution with
    excess magnesium?

    c. What is the molarity of HCl solution if the reaction of 45.2 mL of the HCl solution with excess
    magnesium produces 5.20 L of H2 gas at 735 mmHg and 25 degrees C.

    9.63 Calculate the final concentration of each of the following:


    a. 2.0 L of a 6 M HCl solution is added to water so that the final volume is 6 L
    b. Water is added to .50 L of a 12 M NaOH solution to make 3.0 L of a diluted NaOH solution

    c. A 10 ml sample of a 25% (m/v) KOH solution is diluted with water so that the final volume is
    100 ml

    d. a 50 ml sample of a 15% (m/v) H2SO4 solution is added to water to give a final volume of
    250 ml.

    9.65 Determine the final volume, in milliliters of each of the following:


    a. a 1.5 M HCl solution prepared from 20 ml of a 6 M HCl solution

    b. a 2.0% (m/v) liCl prepared from 50 ml of a 10% (m/v) LiCl solution.

    c. a .500 M H3PO4 solution prepared from 50 ml of a 6 M H3PO4

    d. a 5% (m/v) glucose solution prepared from 75 ml of a 12 % (m/v) glucose solution


    Answers
    (6.81) a. dipole dipole b. ionic bond c. dipole dipole d. dispersion forces
    (6.85) a. HF b.NaF c.MgBr2 d. CH3OH
    (7.01) a. N2 +O2 ------2NO
    b. 2HgO ------2Hg +O2
    c. 4Fe +3O2 ------2Fe2O3
    d. 2Na +Cl2 ------2NaCl
    e. 2Cu2O +O2 ------4CuO
    (7.07) a. 2Li +2H2O ------H2 +2LiOH
    b. 2P +5Cl2 ------2PCl5
    c. FeO +CO ------Fe +CO2
    d. 2C5H10 +15O2 ------10 CO2 +10 H2O
    e. 3H2S +2FeCl3 ------ Fe2S3 +6HCl
    (7.13) a. decomposition b. single replacement combustion d. double replacement e. combination
    (7.21) a. Zn is oxidized, Cl2 is reduced b. Br- is oxidized, Cl2 is reduced c. O2 is oxidized, Pb is
    reduced d. Sn2+ is oxidized Fe3+ is reduced
    (7.29) a. 3.01 *10^23 atoms b. 7.71 *10^23 molecules of SO2 c. .0867 mole of Fe d. 14.1 moles
    C2H6O
    (7.43) a. 29.2 g b. 108 g c. 4.05 g d. 195 g
    (7.59) a. 2 mol of O2 b. 10 moles of H2 c. 5 moles of H2O
    (7.61) a. 1.25 moles of C b. .96 moles of CO c. 1 mole of SO2 d. .50 moles of CS2
    (7.67) a. 3.66 g of H2O b. 3.44 g of NO c. 7.53 g of HNO3
    (7.79) a. 31.2 g of SO3 b. 34.6 g of H2O c. 35 g of CO2
    (7.81) a. 71% B. 63.2%
    (7.83)70.9 g of Al2 O3
    (7.87) In exothermic reactions, the energy of the product is lower than that of the reactants
    (7.89) a. exo b. endo c. exo
    (7.93) a. 579 kJ B. 89 KJ
    (7.95) a. endothermic b. 12.3 g of glucose c. 390Kj
    (9.1) a. NaCl, solute; water, solvent b. water, solute; ethanol, solvent c. oxygen, solute; Nitrogen,
    solvent
    (9.9) a. KCl (s) ------ K+ (aq) + Cl- (aq)
    b. CaCl2 (s) ------ Ca 2+ (a)+2Cl- (aq)
    c. K3PO4 (s) ------ 3K+ (aq) +PO4 (3-) (aq)
    d. Fe(NO3)3 (s) -------- Fe 3+ (aq) +3NO3- (aq)
    (9.15) a. 1 Eq b. 2Eq c 2Eq d. 6eq
    (9.27) a. the solubility of a solid typically increases as temperature increases
    b. the solubility of a gas is less at a higher temperature
    c. gas solubility is less at a higher temperature and the CO2 pressure in the can is increased.
    (9.31) a. No solid forms
    b. 2Ag^+(aq) +2NO3^- (aq)+2K^+(aq) + S^2-(aq) ----- Ag2S (s) + 2K^+ (aq) +2NO3 ^- (aq)
    2Ag^+(aq)+S^2- (aq) -------- Ag2S (S)

    c. Ca^2+ (aq) +2Cl^-(aq) +2Na^+(aq) +SO4 ^2- (aq) ------CaSO4 (s) +2Na^+ (aq) +2Cl^- (aq)
    Ca^2+ (aq) +SO4^2- (aq) --------- CaSO4 (s)

    d. 3Cu^2+ (aq) +6Cl^- (aq) +6Li^+ (aq)+ 2PO4^3- (aq)-------- Cu3(PO4)2 (s) +6Li^+ (aq)
    +6Cl^- (aq)
    3Cu^2+ (aq)+2PO4^3-(aq) ------- Cu3(PO4)2 (s)
    (9.33) a. 17% (m/m) KCl solution
    b. 5.3%(m/m) sucrose solution
    c. 10% (m/m) CaCl2 solution
    (9.35) a. 30% (m/v) Na2SO4 solution
    b. 11% (m/v) sucrose solution
    (9.39) 79.9 mL of alcohol
    (9.43) a. .500 M glucose solution
    b. .0356 M KOH solution
    c. .250 M NaCl solution
    (9.51) a. 206 mL of HCL solution
    b. 11.2 L of H2 gas
    c. 9.09 M HCL solution
    (9.63) a. 2 M HCl solution
    b. 2 M NaOH solution
    c. 2.5% (m/v) KOH solution
    d. 3% (m/v) H2SO4 solution
    (9.65) a. 80 mL of HCl solution
    b. 250 mL of LiCl solution
    c. 600 mL of H3PO4 solution
    d. 180 mL of glucose solution

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