The document describes an experiment to test the operation of definite time lag (DTL) overcurrent and earth fault relays through primary and secondary injection tests. The objectives are to study the operation of a DTL overcurrent relay and a DTL earth fault relay. The procedure involves connecting the relay in a test circuit, adjusting the current to determine the pickup value, then taking time readings at various current levels above pickup. Results are recorded in tables to submit. Safety warnings are given to switch off power before connecting or disconnecting circuits.
The document describes an experiment to test the operation of definite time lag (DTL) overcurrent and earth fault relays through primary and secondary injection tests. The objectives are to study the operation of a DTL overcurrent relay and a DTL earth fault relay. The procedure involves connecting the relay in a test circuit, adjusting the current to determine the pickup value, then taking time readings at various current levels above pickup. Results are recorded in tables to submit. Safety warnings are given to switch off power before connecting or disconnecting circuits.
The document describes an experiment to test the operation of definite time lag (DTL) overcurrent and earth fault relays through primary and secondary injection tests. The objectives are to study the operation of a DTL overcurrent relay and a DTL earth fault relay. The procedure involves connecting the relay in a test circuit, adjusting the current to determine the pickup value, then taking time readings at various current levels above pickup. Results are recorded in tables to submit. Safety warnings are given to switch off power before connecting or disconnecting circuits.
The document describes an experiment to test the operation of definite time lag (DTL) overcurrent and earth fault relays through primary and secondary injection tests. The objectives are to study the operation of a DTL overcurrent relay and a DTL earth fault relay. The procedure involves connecting the relay in a test circuit, adjusting the current to determine the pickup value, then taking time readings at various current levels above pickup. Results are recorded in tables to submit. Safety warnings are given to switch off power before connecting or disconnecting circuits.
SCHOOL OF ENGINNERING - ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DIVISION
MODULE: DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & PROTECTION
EXPERIMENT NO: 4
EXPERIMENT TITLE: Definite Time Lag (DTL) over-current and earth fault relays
Warning: Do not switch on the power supply to any equipment before and during the connection of the circuit. Switch off the supply before you disconnect the circuit.
Objective: To study the operation of Definite Time Lag 1)Over current Relay (OCR) and 2) Earth Fault Relay
Procedure: A. Primary Injection Test of an over-current relay
1. Connect the circuit shown in Fig. 1 below.
A. C. Ammeter A.C. ammeter (0 – 20 A) (0-50A) CT A A R1 L S1 Contacts OCR Injection Test Set N S2 R2 Use 3 turns for primary
Fig. 1
2. Ensure that the relay current setting is 2 A and the relay time setting is 0.5 second. (This step has been done for you. Do not adjust the relay.)
3. Switch ON the current injection test set and adjust the current output until the LED on the OCR lights up. Record the primary and secondary currents. (This current is known as the “pick up” current of the relay).
DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 1
4. Adjust the current output (primary current) to 12A.
5. Switch OFF the test set without changing the position of the variac.
6. Check the connection of the timer mode dry NO contact to the NO
trip contact of the OCR.
7. Switch on the current injection test set and press the ON-TIME button.
8. Record the operating time of the relay. Repeat the experiment with the same current setting and take the average tripping time.
9. Set the primary current to 16A and repeat Steps 4 to 8. Record both current and time.
CAUTION: Adjust the current output of the test set to the
required current setting as quickly as possible and switch OFF the test set.
10. Repeat the experiment for primary currents of 20A and 24A.
11. Switch OFF the test set and disconnect the circuit.
B. Secondary Injection Test of an over-current relay
1. Connect the circuit shown in Fig. 2 below.
A. C. Ammeter (0 – 20 A) A Y1
Contacts L OCR Injection Test Set N Y2 Fig. 2
2. Do not adjust the current setting and the time setting of the relay.
3. Switch ON the current injection test set and adjust the current output until the LED lights up. Record the current. (This current is known as the “pick up” current.)
4. Adjust the current output to 4 A.
DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 2
5. Switch OFF the test set without changing the position of the variac.
6. Check the connection of the timer mode dry NO contact to the
NO trip contact of the OCR.
7. Switch on the S.I. test set and press the ON-TIME button.
8. Record the operating time of the relay. Repeat the experiment
with the same current setting and take the average tripping time.
9. Adjust the current output to 6 A and repeat Steps 5 to 9. Record
both current and time.
10. Repeat the experiment for current output of 8 A and 9 A.
11. Switch OFF the test set and disconnect the circuit.
C. Primary Injection Test of an earth fault relay
1. Connect the circuit shown in Fig. 3 below.
A. C. Ammeter A.C. ammeter (0 – 5 A) (0-50A) CT A A 2 L S1 Contacts EFR Injection Test Set N S2 7 Use 1 turn for primary Fig. 3
2. Do not adjust the current and time settings on the earth fault relay. (Note: the current setting is approximately 1.0A)
3. Switch ON the current injection test set and adjust the current output until the plunger on the relay pops up. Record the primary and secondary currents. (This current is known as the “pick up” current.)
4. Adjust the current output (primary current) to 18 A.
5. Switch OFF the test set without changing the position of the variac.
6. Check the connection of the timer mode dry NO contact to the
NO trip contact of the EFR.
DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 3
7. Switch on the S.I. test set and press the ON-TIME button.
8. Record the operating time of the relay. Repeat the experiment
with the same current setting and take the average tripping time.
9. Set the current output to 21 A and repeat Steps 5 to 9. Record
both current and time.
10. Repeat the experiment for a primary current of 24 A.
Results: Tabulate your results on the given answer sheets.
THE RESULTS TOGETHER WITH YOUR ANSWERS ARE TO BE
SUBMITTED TO YOUR LECTURER AT THE END OF EACH LABORATORY SESSION.
DTL Over-current Relay (OCR)
Current Setting = 2 A Time Setting = 0.5 sec
DTL Earth-fault Relay (EFR)
Current Setting = 1 A Time Setting = 0.5 sec
DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 4
Name: Student No.:
Class Group: Date:
MODULE: DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM & PROTECTION
EXPERIMENT NO.: 4
EXPERIMENT TITLE: Time Lag (DTL) over-current and earth fault relays
A. Primary Injection Test of a DTL over-current relay
* pick-up current NA Not applicable
Primary Secondary Time (seconds)
Current Current 1st 2nd Average *3 x * NA NA NA
3 x 12 A = 3 x 16 A = 3 x 20 A = 3 x 24 A =
B. Secondary Injection Test of a DTL over-current relay
Time (seconds) Current 1st 2nd Average * NA NA NA 4A 6A 8A 9A
C. Primary Injection test for DTL Earth Fault Relay
Primary Secondary Time (seconds)
Current Current 1st 2nd Average * * NA NA NA 18 A 21 A 24 A * pick up current NA not applicable
DSP Experiment 4 (Oct 2016) 5
Discussions:
1. What is the time-current relationship of these two types of relays?
2. What are the differences between a primary injection test and a secondary injection test? (Bigger current in primary test is not an answer).
3. You are given a 3 phase DTL over-current relay, a DTL earth fault relay and 4 current transformers. Draw the wiring diagram showing the connections of the over-current and earth fault relays to the current transformers in a 3-phase LV switchboard and from the relay to the shunt trip coil of the circuit breaker. The supply is 400V, 3-phase, 50 Hz, 4-wire and the shunt trip coil operates at 230 V. Label all terminals.
