Science 9

Quarter 3
Module 2
Types of Volcano

Science – Grade 9
Quarter – Module 2: Types of Volcano
First Edition, 2020

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Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer:Flordeliza L. San Pedro
Editor: Rosalina B. Piamonte
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Layout Artist: Jean Rean M. Laurente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
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Science 9
Quarter 3
Self Learnig Module 2
Types of Volcano
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 9 Self-Learning Module on Types of Volcano!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K to
12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in developing
this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 8 Self-Learning Module on Types of Volcano.

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations– This points to the set of knowledge and skills that

you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge aboutthe lesson at

hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and application

of the lesson.

Valuing - This partintegrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATION
In this module, we are going to discuss the types of volcanoes and be able to
differentiate each from one another.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe the different types of volcanoes;
2. compare the four types of volcano according to their structure and
activity; and
3. enumerate some of the advantages and disadvantages of volcano to
mankind.

PRE – TEST
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Which type of volcano is characterized by a quiet eruption?
A. lava domes
B. cinder cone
C. shield volcano
D. composite volcano
2. Which of the following BEST describes a composite volcano?
A. steep sides, small crater
B. wide and gently sloping sides
C. hardened, thick layers of rock.
D. regular shape, steep sided cones
3. Below are the bases in determining the form of a volcano EXCEPT:
A. type of eruption
B. location of the volcano
C. composition of magma
D. type of material released
4. Mt. Mayon has a perfect cone. What type of volcano is it?
A. lava dome
B. shield volcano
C. composite volcano
D. cinder cone volcano
5. What is the advantage of farming near in places like volcano?
A. fertility of the soil
B. resorts for recreation
C. source of electric power
D. industrial chemical uses
 RECAP

From your previous lesson, you have learned some important facts about volcano.
Can you still recall it? To find out, do the following activity.

Based on the picture, give at least five descriptions or

characteristics of a volcano. Present your answer in a
concept map as shown below.

Volcano

LESSON

Famous for its “Perfect Cone”, the Mayon Volcano is

that the Philippines’ most active volcano and therefore
the most well-liked tourist destination within the Bicol
Region. With a height of two, 463 meters, it's the
centerpiece of the Albay province, which is about 300
kilometers southeast of Manila, the capital of the
Figure 1. Mayon Volcano Philippines. Volcanoes are mountains but they're very
different from other mountains, they're not formed by folding and crumpling or by
uplift and erosion. Instead, volcanoes are built by the buildup of their own eruptive
products -- lava, bombs (crusted over ash flows, and tephra (airborne ash and dust).
A volcano is most ordinarily a conical hill or mountain built around a vent that
connects with reservoirs of molten rock below the surface of the planet. Volcanoes
have several shapes, which are controlled by the composition of the magma and
therefore the nature if its eruption.
Geologists generally group volcanoes into four supported the character of their
eruption and therefore the reasonably lava they release – cinder cone, composite,
shield, and lava dome volcanoes

Cinder Cone Volcano

It is also called as scoria cone. Is that the simplest, most

typical type, and features a characteristic conoid. It forms
when volcanic cinder, blobs of congealed lava of basaltic
composition, comes out from one vent. its explosive
eruptions caused by gas rapidly expanding and escaping
from the molten lava that comes out sort of a fountain. The
Figure 2. A Cinder Cone
lava cools quickly and falls as cinders that build up round Volcano
the vent forming a round shape, leaving a crater at the
summit. These volcanoes will be as high as 100 to 400
meters, because the lava is blown violently into the
atmosphere, it breaks into small fragments, solidifies and
falls as a cinders round the vent. Lava Type: Less viscous,
quite fluid basaltic lava (enriched in iron and magnesium
and depleted in silica. Figure 3. Diagram of Cinder
Cone
Examples: Paricutín in Mexico, Taal in Philippines As the lava is blown violently into
the atmosphere, it breaks into small fragments, solidifies and falls as a cinders
around the vent.
Composite Volcano
Also observed as strato-volcanoes, it includes a number of the
world’s grandest mountains. A tall conical mountain composed
of an alternating layer of lava-flow, which justifies the name
composite volcano. It can have a cluster of vents, with lava
breaking through walls or issuing from fissures on the
perimeters of the mountain. The eruptions are extremely
explosive and dangerous. Pressure builds within the magma
chamber as gases under immense heat and pressure are Figure 4. Diagram of a
dissolved within the magma. When the magma reaches the Composite Volcano

vents, the pressure is released, and also the gases explode

violently. These is up to 100 to 3500 meters high.
Lava Type: Highly viscous rhyolitic lava that hardens before it
can spread far (high content of silica and low iron and
magnesium contents)). Figure 5. A Composite
Examples: Fujiyama, Mt. Mayon and Kanlaon in Philippines. Volcano

Shield Volcano
Shield volcanoes are huge, gently sloped volcanoes that just about exclusively erupts
basaltic lava and include a number of the biggest volcanoes within the world. it's built
by many layers of low-viscous lava flows. The eruptions don't seem to be explosive;
the lava oozes out from the central vent or a gaggle of vents and spreads far, building
a dome shape profile sort of a warrior’s shield. They will be as high as 9000 meters
from the bottom.
Lava Type: Less viscous, quite fluid basaltic lava Figure 6. Diagram of a Shield
Examples: The volcanoes within the Hawaiian Island, Volcano
including Kilauea, Diamond Head, Mauna Loa.

Figure 7. A Shield Volcano

Lava Dome
It is also referred to as volcanic dome. These are relatively
small, circular mounds formed because the lava is simply
too viscous to flow, which makes it piles over and round the
vents, because the lava oozes out, its outer surface cools
and hardens, then shatters, spilling loose fragments down
its side. Lava domes are found within the crater or on the Figure 8. Lava Dome Diagram
edges of enormous composite volcanoes. Their height
depends on the dimensions of the composite volcanoes they seem around.
Lava Type: Highly viscous, less fluid rhyolitic lava
Examples: There are lava domes within the crater of Mount
St. Helens, Chaitén lava dome, Lassen Peak
Figure 9. A Lava Dome

What are the advantages and disadvantages of living near volcanoes?

Volcanoes and volcanic activities are usually related to destruction thanks to
what we've experienced. Risks of living near volcanic areas include destruction onto
land by volcanic materials, landslides, pollution and effects on weather. However, the
materials are important for human life. As an example, lava and volcanic ash
contains nutrients that enrich the soil, many volcanic materials are very useful in
industrial and chemical uses, tourist attraction and source of heat energy.

ACTIVITIES
 Let us do some activities for you to understand more about the types of volcano.

Module No.2 Activity No. 1: Comparison of the Four Types of Volcano

Direction: Use the table below and choose your answer in box to describe the types
of volcano.
Types of Volcano
Basis of
Shield Cinder Composite Lava
Comparison
Volcano Volcano volcano Volcano
A. Eruption Style
Gentle,lots of
magma,lava
fountain and
bombs
Highly
B. Magma viscous

Expands
C. Gas and forms
bubbles in
lava, high
levels
Hardened
D. Shape thick layers
of rock.

E. Examples Mauna Loa,

Hawaii

Magma

W • Hot, low viscosity and soft.

• Highly viscous.
O
• Hot, low viscosity (runny), fast moving.
R • Slightly cooler, thick and sticky, very viscous, foams and explosives
violently.
D
Gas
• Low levels
B • Low levels, can escape from magma.
• Expands and forms bubbles in lava , high levels
A
• High levels, pressure from gas bubbles trying to escape.
N Eruption Style
K • Gentle, lots of magma, lava fountains and bombs.
• Slow, can be violent, lava does not flow far.
• Explosives, violent, lava flows, lahar, pyroclastic flows, cinders and
ash clouds.
•
ShapeMildly explosives, erupt lava from a breach in side or base of volcano,
gas-filled lava cools to become cinders.
• Hardened, thick layers of rock.
• Wide and gently sloping sides (from layers of lava flows cooling).
• Regular shape, steep sided cones, rough land scapes, layers of lava, rock and
ash make it tall.
• Steep sides, small crater, surrounded by debris of small red or black basalt
rocks with little holes.
 Example
• Mauna Loa, Hawaii ,
• Paricutin, Mexico
• Mt. Fuji, Japan
• Mt. St. Helens, USA Activity No. 2
Guide Questions:
1. Why do volcanoes have different shapes?
2. What is the most dangerous type of volcano and why?
Closure:
What is the common shape of volcano in the Philippines?

Module No.2 Activity No. 2: Volcano in the Philippines

Direction: Shown below are pictures of some of the volcanoes found in the
Philippines. Identify the type of volcano, its eruption and lava type.

Mayon Volcano

Eruption Style:

Lava Type:

Type of Volcano:

Taal Volcano

Eruption Style:

Lava Type:

Type of Volcano:

Kanlaon Volcano

Eruption Style:

Lava Type:

Type of Volcano:

Guide Questions:
1. What causes a shield volcano to be shaped like a broad dome?

2. Why do volcanoes differ in size?

Closure:

Name some famous volcanoes in the Philippines and in other countries. State in what
way they are famous.

WRAP – UP

Direction: Identify the type of volcano on the following statements.

___________1.A volcano that has steep sides.

___________2. A volcano that has a gentle eruption.

___________3. A volcano that has a thin lava

___________4. A volcano has a broad, low base. A volcano that has a broad, low base.

___________5. Lava type is highly viscous.

____________6. Has a cone shaped and the simplest type of volcano.

____________7. Has a violent eruption

____________8. Also known as volcanic dome.

____________9. A volcano that has sticky lava which move slowly.

___________10. Paricutin in Mexico is one example of this volcano.

VALUING

One of the advantages of living near a volcano is

having a fertile soil which is very essential in
farming. But it is known fact that living a near a
active volcano could be hazardous.

https://images.app.goo.gl/9fJuzMdBA9JjxqT16

1. Knowing the hazards of living near a volcano, what would you advice to the
locals to assure their safety if a volcano suddenly erupts?

__________________________________________________________________________________
2. What is the best thing to do to lessen/minimize the hazardous effects of volcanic
eruption?

__________________________________________________________________________________

POST-TEST

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. Which of the following examples is NOT classified as composite volcano?

A. Mt. Fuji
B. Mt. Rainier
C. Mt. Mayon
D. Mt. Paricutin
2. Which of the following volcano has the most violent type of volcanic activity?
A. lava dome.
B. shield volcano.
C. cinder cone volcano.
D. composite volcano
3. What type of volcano is shown in the picture?
A. lava dome.
B. shield volcano.
C. cinder cone volcano.
D. composite volcano3
4. Which of the following is NOT a major part in determining the form of volcano?
A. type of eruption
B. type of material
C. date of eruption
D. composition of magma
5. What is the common source of income of people living near the volcano?
A. farming
B. fishing
C. tourist guide
D. all of the above
KEY TO CORRECTION
REFERENCES
Electronic Sources

https://www.sciencefacts.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/The-Lava-Dome-at-
the-Crater-of-Mount-St.-Helen-in-the-USA.jpg
https://www.sciencefacts.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Mauna-Loa-in-
Hawaii-Shield-Volcano-Types.jpg
https://www.sciencefacts.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Mount-St.-Helen-in-
the-USA-Composite-Volcano-Types.jpg
https://www.sciencefacts.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Par%C3%ADcutin-in-
Mexico-Cinder-Cone-Volcano-Types.jpg
http://www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/mountains/volcanotypes.htmlhttps://ww
w.sciencefacts.net/types-of-volcanoes.html
hhttps://images.app.goo.gl/9fJuzMdBA9JjxqT16ttp://factsanddetails.com/world/c
at51/sub323/item1313.html