इंटरनेट मानक

Disclosure to Promote the Right To Information

Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to
information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities,
in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of
education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the
timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

“जान1 का अ+धकार, जी1 का अ+धकार” “प0रा1 को छोड न' 5 तरफ”

Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
“The Right to Information, The Right to Live” “Step Out From the Old to the New”

IS 256 (1972): Glauber salt (sodium sulphate, decahydrate),

technical [CHD 1: Inorganic Chemicals]

“!ान $ एक न' भारत का +नम-ण”

Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
“Invent a New India Using Knowledge”

“!ान एक ऐसा खजाना > जो कभी च0राया नहB जा सकता ह”

है”
ह
Bhartṛhari—Nītiśatakam
“Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen”
( Reaffirmed 1999 )
 hdian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
GLAUBER SALT (SODIUM SULPHATE,
DECAHYDRATE ), TECHNICAL

f First Revision)
Inorganic Chemicals ( Miscellaneous ) Sectional Committee, CDC 3 *

Chairman R+scnfing
DR R. P. Dlraoo~ Tata Chemicals Limited, Bombay

Members
SHRII. BHATMXARJEE Bengal Chemical & Pharmaceutical Works Limited,
Calcutta
SHRI P. BHOSE( Altumote )
SHRIN. BHOWMIK Directorate General of Technical Development,
New Delhi
SHRI P. K. CHAKRAVARTY Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals, New
Delhi
SHRI S. SUBBIAH( Altnnafc )
SHRI M. B. DESAI Kesar Sugar Works Limited, Bombay
DR M. K. INDRA Oil & Natural Gas Commission, Dehra Dun
SHRI B.S.IYER Glaxo Laboratories (I) Limited, Bombay
SHRI V. S. KULKARNI ( Altemak )
DR S, M. KAJI Italab Private Limited, Bombay
SNRI U. P. GH~SH ( Altrmate )
( Calcutta )
SHRI S. S. HONAVAR ( Alternate j

SHRI H%r%R
. . ’ ’ Shambhu Nath St Sons Limited, Amritsar
SHRIH. H.KAVARANA Sarabhai M. Chemicals Limited, Baroda
SHRIJ. K. PATWA ( Alfcmate_)
SHRI U. V. KIJNIICULLAYA Golden Chemicals Private Limited. Bombav
SHRXM. V. MALLYA ( Altcmatr 1
SHRI H. R. MEHTA ‘Geological Survey of India, Calcutta
DR W. D. PATWARDHAN Ministry of Defence ( R & D )
SHRI RAUNAQ RAM Ministry of Defence ( DGI )
SHRI S. K. MAITRA t Alternate )
REPREI~ENTATIVE . ’ Basic Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals & Soaps Export
Promotion Council, Bombay
REPI(BSBNTATIVE Indian Chemical Manufacturers’ Association,
Calcutta
SHRI N. S. SARAIYA The Bombay Textile Research Association, Bombay

( Continuedon page 2 )

INDIAN STANDARDS INST.ITUTION

MANAIC BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAPAR MAR0
NEW DELHI 110002
ls:2!i6- 1972

( Continucdfrom
)agc 1 )
Members Rcprrsmtin~
Dn B. M. SSDALIA Dcve~e~~e~ommissioner, Small Scale Industries,

SHRI B. L. SEN Indian &ygcn Limited, Calcutta

DR M. S. VAIDYA The Dharamsi Moraii Chemical Company Limited,
Bombay -
SHRIH. T. KAPADIA( Al&ma&)
SWRID. DAS GUPTA, Director General, IS1 ( Ex-o&io Mcmbtr )
Director ( Chcm )
S#~&%l_Y
SHRI S. K. MATHUR
Deputy Director ( Chem ), IS1

Audi& Chemicals Subcommittee, CDC 3 : 18

Convener
Da M. S. VAIDYA The Dharamsi Morarji Chemical Company Limited,
Bombay

Mmbm
Smtr T. K. &IAKKUNY The Travancore Co&in Chemicals Limited,
Alwaye
SHRIA. SREEKANT~ NAIR ( Al&mate )
SHRIM. A. CHIJNEKAR Phoenix Chemical Works Private Limited, Bombay
DR R. P. DAROOA Tata Chemicals Liiited., Bombay
SHRIM. B. DIZSAI Kcsar Sugar Works Linutcd, Bombay
SHRI 0. L. DU~OAL Indian Paper Makers’ Association, Calcutta
SHRI U. V. KUNIKULLAYA Golden Chemicals Private Limited, Bombay
SHRIM. V. MALLYA ( Alternate)
Smu P. R. MALHAN Development Commissioner, Small Scale Industries,
New Delhi
DR M. V. NIMKAR The Millowners’ Association, Bombay
SHRIJ. K. PAT~A Sarabhai M. Chemicals Limited, Baroda
&RI H. H. KAVARANA( Alkrnak )
SHRI A. S. RAO Chawla Chemical Industries Pvt Ltd, Bombay

2
 IS:256-1972

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
GLAUBER SALT ( SODIUM SULPHATE,
DECAHYDRATE ), TECHNICAL

( First Revision)
0. FOREWORD
0.1This Indian Standard ( First Revision ) was adopted by the Indian
Standards Institution on 18 May 1972, after the draft finalized by the
Inorganic Chemicals ( Miscellaneous ) Sectional Committee had been
approved by the Chemical Division Council.
0.2 This standard was originally published in 1950. In order to incor-
porate the requirements of Glauber salt produced as a bye-product in
rayon industry, the Sectional Committee responsible for its preparation
decided to revise it. In the revised standard the minimum limrt ofsodium
sulphate content has been specified as 98.5 percent. The maximum limit
for zinc has been incorporated as the product from rayon industry might
contain zinc to the extent of O-4 percent. Changes have been made in the
sampling procedure and some of the methods of test.
0.3 Glauber salt is used in dyestuff, paper and .pulp, glass, textile, leather
and metallurgical industries. In glass industry, it is employed to artially
replace sodium carbonate in the manufacture of plate and sheet gPass. In
textile industry, it is added to dyebath for cotton and wool fabrics to
promote even distribution of dye. In leather industry, it is used in place
of common salt in curing hides. In metallurgical industry, it is used in
separation of nickel from copper.
6.3.1 Cans of Glauber salt are used for stabihzing the temperature
inside thermally insulated packages for shipping. It is also used as a
purgative both for human and veterinary purposes.
0.4 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this
standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated,
expr&og the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accord-
ance with IS : 2-1960*. The number of significant places retained in
the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in
this standard.

*&la for rounding OEnumerical v&a ( rrviscd ) .

3
IS : 256 - 1972

1.’ SCOPE
1.1 This standard prescribes the requirements and the methods of
sampling and test for Glauber salt [sodium sulphate, decahydrate
( Na,SO,.lOH,O ) 1, technical.

2. REQUIREMENTS

2.1 Description - The material shall be in the form of colourless

crystals free from visible impurities and almost completely soluble in
water. It has tendency to effloresce in hot climate.

2.2 The material shall satisfy the requirements laid down in Table 1 when
tested in accordance with the methods prescribed in Appendix A.
Reference to the relevant clauses of Appendix A is given in co1 4 of the
table.

TABLE 1 REQUIREMENTS FOR GLAUBER SALT ( SOD- SULPHATE,

DECAHYDRATE), TF&HNICAL

SL CHARACTERLSTIC REQUIREMENT OF TIBT

METHODS
No. ( &W TO CL No.
IN APPENDIX A )

(1) (2) (3) (4)

9 Mzat ins;ublc in water, percent by 0.10 A-3

9
ii) Sodium sulphate ( as PITasSO, ), percent 98.5 A-4
by mass, Min
iii) Iron ( as Fe ), percent by mass, Maw o-007 A-5
iv) Zinc ( as ZnSOd ), percent by mass, MUX 0’40 A-6

v) Chloride ( as NaCl), percent by mass, 0.15 A-7

Me*
vi) pH (of aqueous solution ) 3.5 to 4.0 A-8

Nom - The requirements from Sl NO. (ii) to (v) arc on dry basis.

3. PACtiG AND MARKING

3.1 Packing -The material shall be packed as agreed to between the

purchaser and the supplier.
3.2 Marking - The packages shall be legibly and indelibly marked with
the following information:
a) Name and grade ( technical ) of the material;
b) Net weight of contents;
c) Year of manufacture;

4
 IS : 256 - 1972

4 Manufacturer’s name and/or his recognised trade-mark, if any;

and
e>Batch number to enable the lot of manufacture to be traced from
records.
3.2.1 The packages may also be marked with the IS1 Certification Mark.

NOTE- The use of the IS1 Certification Mark is governed by the provisions of
the Indian Standards Institution ( Certification Marks ) Act and the Rules and
Regulations made thereunder. The IS1 Mark on products covered by an Indian
Standard conveys the assurance that they have been produced to comply with the
requirements of that standard under a well-defined system of inspection, testing and .
quality control which is devised and supervised by IS1 and operated by the
producer. IS1 marked products are also continuously checked by IS1 for conformity
to that standard as a further safeguard. Details of conditions under which a licence
for the use of the IS1 Certification Mark may be anted to manufacturers or
processors, may be obtained from the Indian Standar f s Institution.

4. SAMPLING

4.1 The method of drawing representative samples of the material from a

lot, number of tests to be performed and the method of finding out the
criteria of conformity of the material to the requirements of this specifica-
tion shall be as prescribed in Appendix B.

APPENDIX A
( CZuuse 2.2 )
METHODS OF TEST FOR GLAUBER SALT (SODIUM
SULPHATE, DECAHYDRATE ), TECHNICAL

A-l. QUALITY OF REAGENTS

A-l.1 Unless specified otherwise, pure chemicals and distilled water

( see IS : 1070-1960* ) shall be employed in tests.
NOTE- ‘ Pure chemicals ’ shall mean chemicals that do not contain impurities which
affect the results of analysis.

A-2. PREPARATION OF SAMPLES

A-2.1 Procedure -To obtain the prepared sample, crush 200 g of the
material to pass l-00-mm IS Sieve. Dry it at 105 f 2°C to constant
mass. Keep the prepared sample in a clean glass-stoppered weighing
bottle for test purposes.
*Specification for water, distilled quality ( wired).

5
IS : 256 - 1972

A-3. DETERMINATION OF MATTER INSOLUBLE IN WATER

A-3.1 Procedure -Weigh accurately about 10 g of the prepared sample.

Dissolve in 100 ml ofwater by warming, if necessary, and by stirring the
solution well. Filter through a tared filter paper on sintered glass crucible
( G No. 4) or Gooch crucible. Wash the residue thoroughly several times
with water till it is free from all soluble compounds and dry at 105 to 1lO“C
to constant mass.

A-3.2 Calculation
100 x M,
Matter insoluble in water, percent by mass = M

where

MI = mass in g of the residue, and

M = mass in g of the prepared sample taken for the test.

A-4. DETERMINATION OF SODIUM SULPHATE

A-4.1 Reagents

A4.1.1 Dilute Hydrochloric Acid - 5 N.

A-4.1.2 Barium Chloride Solution - approximately 10 percent ( m/ v ) .

A-4.2 Procedure - Weigh accurately about 2 g of the prepared sample

and dissolve in about 100 ml of water. Filter to remove undissolved matter
and wash the filter paper thoroughly. Take the filtrate and washings in a
250-ml volumetric flask and make up the volume to 250 ml. Pipette out
25 ml in a beaker. Add about 200 ml of water and 10 ml of dilute hydro-
chloric acid and boil. Add to the hot solution a slight excess of hot barium
chloride solution and continue boiling for 2 minutes to obtain a granular
precipitate of barium sulphate. Let it stand for 4 hours and filter through a
tared sintered-glass crucible ( G No. 4 ) or tared Gooch crucible. Wash the
precipitate thoroughly with water till it is free from chlorides, and heat to
constant mass at 105 to 110°C.
A-4.2.1 Excess of barium chloride is necessary to reduce the solubility
of barium sulphate. Precipitation in hot solution by addition of barium
chloride in a slow stream with stirring minimizes mechanical occlusion of
barium chloride and gives a coarse precipitate, which is less soluble in acids.

A-4.3 Cdculation
Sodium sulphate, decahydrate content, = 100 x l-3804 x Ml
percent by mass
M

c
 Isr256-1972
where
M1 = mass in g of the dried precipitate, and
M = mass in g of the material present in the aliquot.
NOTE-Deduct sulphate equivalent to zinc sulphate as obtained in A-6.

A-5. DETERMINATION OF IRON

A-5.1 Apparatus

A-5.1 .l .NessImCylinders - 50 ml capacity.

A-5.2 Reagents

A-5.2.1 Concentrated Hydrochloric Acid- see IS : 265-1962..

A-5.2.2 Ammonium Pew&hate - solid.

A-5.2.3 Butanolic Potassium Thiocyanate - Dissolve 10 g of patassium thio-

cyanate in 10 ml of water. Add sufficient n-butanol to make up to 100 ml
and shake vigorously until the solution is clear.

A-5.2.4 Standard Iron Solution -Weigh O-702 g of ferrous ammonium

sulphate [Fe SO, ( NH, ), S0,.6H,O ] and dissolve in 10 ml of dilute
sulphuric acid ( 10 percent v/v). Dilute with water and make up to
1 000 ml in a volumetric flask. Transfer 10 ml of this solution and again
dilute with water to exactly 100 ml. One millilitre of this solution con-
tains 0.01 mg of iron ( as Fe ).

A-5.3 Procedure - Dissolve l-000 g of the prepared sample in 10 ml of

water. Transfer to a Nessler cylinder and add 1 ml of hydrochloric acid,
30 mg of ammonium persulphate and 15 ml of butanolic potassium thio-
cyanate. Shake vigorously for 30 minutes and allow the liquids to sepa-
rate. Carry out a control test in another Nessler cylinder with 7 ml of
standard iron solution in place of the material and the same quantities of
other reagents in the same total volume of the reaction mixture. Compare
the colour of the butanol layer in the two cylinders.
A-5.3.1 The limit prescribed in Table 1 shall be taken as not having
been exceeded if the intensity of colour of the butanol layer in the test with
the material is not deeper than that produced in the control test.

A-6. DETERMINATION OF ZINC

A-6.1 Reagents
A-6.1.1 Concentrated Ntric 24cid - see IS : 264-19687.

*Specification for hydrochloric acid ( revised).

tSpecification for nitric acid (i;rst reuision).

7
I!5:256-1972

A-6.1.2 Ammonium Chloride Solution - 20 percent ( m/v).

A-6.1.3 Concentrated Ammonium Hydroxide - 20 percent ( m/m ).
A-6.1.4 Ammonium Chloride - Ammonium Hydroxide B&r Solution -#I 10.
Dissolve 67.5 g of ammonium chloride in 570 ml of concentrated ammo-
nium hydroxide and dilute to 1 litre with water.
A-6.1 .!I Ammonium Fluoride - solid.
A&1.6 Mixed Zndicalor - Dissolve O-125 g of dimethyl yellow and 0.50 g
of eriochrome black T in 100 ml of alcohol. The colour change would be
from brown to bottle green.
A-6.1.7 Standard Calcium Solution - 0.01 M. Dissolve I.0 g of calcium
carbonate in minimum amount of hydrochloric acid and make up the
volume with water to 1 litre in a volumetricaask.
A-6.1.0 Standard Disodium Ethylenediaminetetra Acetate ( ED TA ) Solution -
0.01 M. Dissolve 3.72 g of disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetra acetate
in water. Make up the volume to 1 litrc in a volumetric flask and stand-
ardize it as in A-6.1.8.1.
A-6.1.8.1 Standardkation of EDTA solution-Pipette out 25 ml of
standard calcium solution in a conical flask. Add 5 ml of ammonium
hydroxide and 5 ml of buffer solution and titrate against EDTA solution,
using 4 drops of mixed indicator. The colour change is from brown to
bottle green.
25 x MI
Molarity of EDTA solution = I,,
1
where
M1 = molarity of standard calcium solution, and
Vr = volume in ml of EDTA solution used in titration.

Ad.2 Procedure - Weigh accurately about 5 g of the prepared sample

and transfer to a beaker. Dissolve in 25 ml of water and add 1 ml of con-
centrated nitric acid. Heat to boiling and precipitate iron as hydroxide
by the addition of 25 ml of ammonium chloride solution and 10 ml of
ammonium hydroxide. Allow the precipitate to settle and filter through
filter paper ( Whatman No. 41 or equivalent ). Give three or four wash-
ings with warm water. Collect the filtrate. If the volume of the filtrate
exceeds 150 ml, concentrate it to 150 ml. To this, add 4 ml of buffer
solution and 3 g of ammonium fluoride and titrate against standard EDTA
solution, using 4 drops of mixed indicator. The change of colour is from
brown to bottle green.
Nora - Calcium and magnesiumarc not likely to be prcscnt.

8
 IS : 236 - 1972

A-6.3 Calculation
16.14x V&f,
Zinc ( as ZnSO, ), percent, by mass = .M

where
v, = volume in ml of standard EDTA solution used in the
titration,
M,= molarity of EDTA solution, and
M= mass in g of the prepared sample taken for the test.

A-7. DETERMINATION OF CHLORIDES

A-7.1 Reagents

A-7.1.1 Dilute Nitric Acid - approximately 5 N.

A-7.1.2 Sodium Bicarbonate - solid.

A-7.1.3 PotasJium Chromate Solution - approximately 5 percent ( m(v ).

A-7.1.4 Standard Silver Nitrate Solution - 0.1 N.

A-7.2 Procedure - Weigh accurately about 5 g of the prepared sample
and dissolve in about 60 ml of water. Filter the residue, if any, through
a folded filter paper and wash thoroughly with water, collecting the filtrate
and washings in a 250-ml conical flask. Just acidifi with dilute nitric
acid. Neutralize the excess of the acid by the additibn of sodium
bicarbonate. Add 1 ml of potassium chromate solution and titrate with
standard silver nitrate solution with vigorous shaking until the/ first perma-
nent colour deviation from the pure yellow of the suspension is obtained.
Carry out a blank titration, using the same quantities of other reagents
in the same total volume of the reaction mixture.

A-I.3 Cakulation
5446xN( v,-V,)
Chlorides ( as NaCl ), percent by mass =
M
where
N= normality of the standard silver nitrate solution,
v, = volume in ml of standard silver nitrate solution required
for titration,
Vs P volume in ml of standard silver nitrate solution required
for blank, and
M =: mass in g of the prepared sample taken for the test.

9
IS:256-1972

A-8. DETERMINATION OF #I3

A-S.1 Procedure - Dissolve 10-O g of the material in 100 ml of freshly

boiled and cooled tiater. Determine #H of the solution by means of a
pH meter using glass and calomel electrodes.

APPENDIX B
( CZause 4.1 )
SAMPLING OF GLAUBBB SALT
(SODIUM SULPHATE, DECAHYDRATE), TECHNICAL

B-l. GENERAL RF@J IREMENTS OF SAMPLING

B-1.0 In drawing, preparing, storing and handling test samples, the

following precautions and directions shall be observed.

B-1.1 Precautions shall be taken to protect the samples, the material being
sampled, the sampling instrument and the containers for samples from
adventitious contamination.

B-l.2 To draw a representative sample, the contents of each container

selected for sampling shall be mixed as thoroughly as possible by suitable
means.

El.3 The samples shall be placed in suitable, clean, dry and air-tight glass
or other suitable containers on which the material has no action.

51.4 Each sample container shall be sealed air-tight after filling and
marked with full details of sampling, the date of sampling and the year of
manufacture of the material.

B-2. SCALE OF SAMPLING

B-2.1 Lot - All the containers in a single consignment of the material

drawn from a single batch of manufacture shall constit,lte a lot. If a
consignment is declared or known to consist of different batches of manu-
facture, the containers belonging to the same batch shall be grouped
together and each such group shall constitute a separate lot. If the
material is received in bulk, every 20 tonnes shall be separated as a lot.
A preliminary inspection of the salt for assessing colour and impurities may
also be made and this information may be used in forming homogenous
lots.

10
 lsc2!m-1972

R-2.1.1 Samples shall be tested from each lot for ascertaining the con-
formity of the material to the requirements of the specification.
B-2.2 The number ( n ) of containers to be chosen from a lot shall depend
on the size of the lot ( N) and shall be in accordance with Table 2.

TABLE 2 NUMBER OF CONTAINERS TO BE SELECI’ED

ktT!hE NUMBER OF Corm-

TO BE SELEnrr,

N n

(1) (2)
upto 50 3
51 ), 200 4
201 ,, 400 5
401 ,, 650 6
65 1 and above 7

523 The containers to be selected for sampling shall be chosen at

random from the lot and for this purpose random number tables* shall be
used. In case such tables are not available, the following procedure may
be adopted:
Starting from any container, count them as 1, 2, 3 ,......, up to
r and so on in a systematic manner, where r is the integral part of
N/n. Every rth container thus counted shall be taken out for draw-
ing samples.
B-2.4 The sampling operations for bulk material may preferably be carried
out when it is unloaded from lorries or other vehicles.

R-3. TEST SAMPLES AND REFEREE SAMPLES

E3.1 Preparation of Test Samples

R-3.1.1 Draw with an appropriate sampling instrument a small portion
of the material from different parts of each container selected. The total
quantity of the material drawn from each container shall be sufficient to-
conduct the tests for all the characteristics given in 2 and shall not exceed
1 kg.
B-3.1.2 Thoroughly mix all portions of the material drawn from the
same container. Out of these portions a small but equal quantity shall be
taken from each selected container and shall be well mixed up together so

f&c IS : 4905-1968 ‘ Methoda of randomsampling‘.

11
IS : 256 - 1972

as to form a composite sample weighing not less than 600 g. This com-
posite sample shall be divided into three equal parts, one for the purchaser,
another for the supplier and the third to be used as referee sample.

B-3.1.3 The remaining portion of the material from each container

( after a small quantity needed for the formation of composite sample has
been taken ) shall be divided into three equal parts, each weighing not
less than 100 g. These parts shall be immediately transferred to thoroughly
dried bottles which are then sealed air-tight with stoppers and labelled
with all the particulars of sampling given in B-1.4. The material in each
such sealed bottle shall constitute an individual test sample. These
individual samples shall be separated into three identical sets of samples in b
such a way that each set has an individual test sample representing each
container selected. One of these three sets shall be sent to the purchaser,
another to the supplier and the third shall be used as referee sample.

53.2 When samp!ing from bulk quantity, at least five gross samples, each
weighing 1 kg may be collected from each lot. If the material is received
in a number of lorries or other vehicles, equal number of gross samples
may be collected from each of them by allowing some interval between
gross samples. If the sampling has to be carried out from a heap, the five
gross samples each weighing 1 kg shall be drawn from different l.ocations
on the heap.

B-3.2.1 Individual test samples and composite sample may be prepared

from these gross samples in the manner described in B-3.1.2 and B-3.1.3.

B-3.3 Referee Sample - The referee sample shall consist of the com-
posite sample ( see B-3.1.2 ) and a set of individual samples ( see B-3.1.3 )
marked for this purpose and shall bear the seals of the purchaser and the
supplier. These shall be kept at a place agreed to between the purchaser
and the supplier and shall be used in case of dispute between the two.

B-4. NUMBER OF TESTS

B-4.1 Tests for the determination of sodium sulphate shall be conducted

on each of the individual samples.
@A2 Tests for the remaining characteristics shall be conducted on the
composite sample.-

B-5. CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY

B-5.1 For Individual Samples

B-5.1.1 For Sodium Sulphate - The test results for sodium sulphate shall
be recorded, and the mean and the range for these test results calculated

12
 IS:256-1972

as follows:
Mean (H) = sum of the test results divided by the number of test
results, and
Range(R)= difference between the maximum and minimum values
of test results.
The value of expression ( I- 0.6 R) shall be calculated. If the value of
this expression is more than or equal to the limit specified in Table 1, the
lot shall be declared to have satisfied the requirements for this
characteristic.
B-5.2 For Composite Somple- The test results on the composite ’
sample shall meet the corresponding requirements.
B-5.3 A lot shall be declared as conforming to the specification if it
satisfies the requirements for each of the characteristics.

13