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    Features:: ICW1 (Initialisation Command Word One)

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    Ramesh Rudra
    The document describes the features and operation of the 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC). It has 8 interrupt lines that can be cascaded for 64 total lines. It supports prioritization of interrupts, masking, and dynamic configuration of modes and masks. Initialization is done via 4 Initialization Command Words that configure operating mode, interrupt vector addresses, and cascading of multiple PICs. Operational Command Words control masking, priority rotation, and special mask modes at runtime.

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    Features:: ICW1 (Initialisation Command Word One)

    Uploaded by

    Ramesh Rudra
    39 views4 pages
    The document describes the features and operation of the 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC). It has 8 interrupt lines that can be cascaded for 64 total lines. It supports prioritization of interrupts, masking, and dynamic configuration of modes and masks. Initialization is done via 4 Initialization Command Words that configure operating mode, interrupt vector addresses, and cascading of multiple PICs. Operational Command Words control masking, priority rotation, and special mask modes at runtime.

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    The document describes the features and operation of the 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC). It has 8 interrupt lines that can be cascaded for 64 total lines. It supports prioritization of interrupts, masking, and dynamic configuration of modes and masks. Initialization is done via 4 Initialization Command Words that configure operating mode, interrupt vector addresses, and cascading of multiple PICs. Operational Command Words control masking, priority rotation, and special mask modes at runtime.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    39 views4 pages

    Features:: ICW1 (Initialisation Command Word One)

    Uploaded by

    Ramesh Rudra
    The document describes the features and operation of the 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller (PIC). It has 8 interrupt lines that can be cascaded for 64 total lines. It supports prioritization of interrupts, masking, and dynamic configuration of modes and masks. Initialization is done via 4 Initialization Command Words that configure operating mode, interrupt vector addresses, and cascading of multiple PICs. Operational Command Words control masking, priority rotation, and special mask modes at runtime.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 4

    Features:

     8 levels of interrupts.
     Can be cascaded in master-slave configuration to handle 64 levels of interrupts.
     Internal priority resolver.
     Fixed priority mode and rotating priority mode.
     Individually maskable interrupts.
     Modes and masks can be changed dynamically.
     Accepts IRQ, determines priority, checks whether incoming priority > current level being
    serviced, issues interrupt signal.
     In 8085 mode, provides 3 byte CALL instruction. In 8086 mode, provides 8 bit vector
    number.
     Polled and vectored mode.
     Starting address of ISR or vector number is programmable.
     No clock required.

    ICW1 (Initialisation Command Word One)

    A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
    0 A7 A6 A5 1 LTIM ADI SNGL IC4
    D0: IC4: 0=no ICW4, 1=ICW4 required
    D1: SNGL: 1=Single PIC, 0=Cascaded PIC
    D2: ADI: Address interval. Used only in 8085, not 8086. 1=ISR's are 4 bytes apart (0200, 0204,
    etc) 0=ISR's are 8 byte apart (0200, 0208, etc)
    D3: LTIM: level triggered interrupt mode: 1=All IR lines level triggered. 0=edge triggered
    D4-D7: A5-A7: 8085 only. ISR address lower byte segment. The lower byte is
    A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
    of which A7, A6, A5 are provided by D7-D5 of ICW1 (if ADI=1), or A7, A6 are provided if
    ADI=0. A4-A0 (or A5-A0) are set by 8259 itself:
    ADI=1 (spacing 4 bytes) ADI=0 (spacing 8 bytes)
    IRQ A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 IRQ A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 A0
    IR0 A7 A6 A5 0 0 0 0 0 IR0 A7 A6 0 0 0 0 0 0
    IR1 A7 A6 A5 0 0 1 0 0 IR1 A7 A6 0 0 1 0 0 0
    IR2 A7 A6 A5 0 1 0 0 0 IR2 A7 A6 0 1 0 0 0 0
    IR3 A7 A6 A5 0 1 1 0 0 IR3 A7 A6 0 1 1 0 0 0
    IR4 A7 A6 A5 1 0 0 0 0 IR4 A7 A6 1 0 0 0 0 0
    IR5 A7 A6 A5 1 0 1 0 0 IR5 A7 A6 1 0 1 0 0 0
    IR6 A7 A6 A5 1 1 1 0 0 IR6 A7 A6 1 1 0 0 0 0
    IR7 A7 A6 A5 1 1 1 0 0 IR7 A7 A6 1 1 1 0 0 0

    ICW2 (Initialisation Command Word Two)


    Higher byte of ISR address (8085), or 8 bit vector address (8086).

    A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
    1 A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8

    ICW3 (Initialisation Command Word Three)

      D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
    A0
    Master S7 S6 S5 S4 S3 S2 S1 S0
    1
    Slave 0 0 0 0 0 ID3 ID2 ID1
     Master mode: 1 indicates slave is present on that interrupt, 0 indicates direct interrupt
     Slave mode: ID3-ID2-ID1 is the slave ID number. Slave 4 on IR4 has ICW3=04h (0000
    0100)

    ICW4 (Initialisation Command Word Four)


    A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
    1 0 0 0 SFNM BUF M/S AEOI Mode
     SFNM: 1=Special Fully Nested Mode, 0=FNM
     M/S: 1=Master, 0=Slave
     AEOI: 1=Auto End of Interrupt, 0=Normal
     Mode: 0=8085, 1=8086

    OCW1 (Operational Command Word One)

    A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
    1 M7 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 M0

    IRn is masked by setting Mn to 1; mask cleared by setting Mn to 0 (n=0..7)

    OCW2 (Operational Command Word Two)

    A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
    1 R SL EOI 0 0 L3 L2 L1
    R SL EOI Action
    0 0 1 Non specific EOI (L3L2L1=000)
    EOI Specific EOI command (Interrupt to clear
    0 1 1
    given by L3L2L1)
    1 0 1 Rotate priorities on non-specific EOI
    Auto rotation of priorities
    1 0 0 Rotate priorities in auto EOI mode set
    (L3L2L1=000)
    0 0 0 Rotate priorities in auto EOI mode clear
    Rotate priority on specific EOI command
    1 1 1
    Specific rotation of priorities (Lowest (resets current ISR bit)
    priority ISR=L3L2L1) 1 1 0 Set priority (does not reset current ISR bit)
    0 1 0 No operation

    OCW3 (Operational Command Word Three)

    A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
    1 D7 ESMM SMM 0 1 MODE RIR RIS
    ESMM SMM Effect
    0 X No effect
    1 0 Reset special mask
    1 1 Set special mask

    Interrupt sequence (single PIC)


    1. One or more of the IR lines goes high.
    2. Corresponding IRR bit is set.
    3. 8259 evaluates the request and sends INT to CPU.
    4. CPU sends INTA-bar.
    5. Highest priority ISR is set. IRR is reset.
    6. 8259 releases CALL instruction on data bus.
    7. CALL causes CPU to initiate two more INTA-bar's.
    8. 8259 releases the subroutine address, first lowbyte then highbyte.
    9. ISR bit is reset depending on mode.

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