Project Proposed Cover Canal

Location Gov. J.A. Rosales Ave., Butuan City

Owner Victor S. Uy

Beam Load Computation

γ(concrete) = 24 KN/m^3
h(slab) = 150 mm
h(beam) = 350 mm
w(beam) = 250 mm
tw = 0.25 m
s(beam) = 3.63 m
Length = 3m
A. DEAD LOAD
W(beam) = 2.1 KN/m
W(slab) = 0.900 KN/m
DL(total) = 3.000
DL = (1/8)(wL^2)
Mu(DL) = 3.375 KN-m
Vumax(DL) = 4.5 KN
B. LIVE LOAD
Sidewalk(normal) = 12 Kpa
LL = 12 KN/m
Mu(DL) = 13.5 KN-m
Vumax(DL) = 18 KN
Mu(total): Mu = 1.2MDL+1.6MLL
Where:
Mu = 25.650 KN-m
Vu = 34.200 KN
Beam Load Computation
tw = 0.25 m
A. DEAD LOAD
W(beam) = 2.1 KN/m
W(slab) = 0.900 KN/m
DL(total) = 3.000 KN/m
Mu(DL) = (1/8)(wL^2)
Mu(DL) = 3.375 KN-m

B. MOVING LOAD
Length of truck = 2.4
P1 = 40 kN
 P2 = 60 kN
Centerline of the spa =
Length of the culvert = 3
For Loads P2
Resultant'( R) = 100 kN
Rx = 96
x, the location of R = 0.96 m
For maximum moment under 60 kN
Since P1 is outside the span, therefore consider 60KN
RA = 30 = RB
1.5 Mmax of P2 = 45 KN
Mmax of P2 = 45.9 KN-m
For maximum shear under 60 kN
3RA = 204
RA = 68
Vmax of P2 = 22.667 KN
IMPACT FACTOR
L+38 = 41
I 15.24/L+38 = 0.372
Mmax of all loads =
Mu(LL) for beam = Mmax of all load/2
Mu(LL) = 45.9 KN-m
Total Mu(LL) = Mu(LL)+Impact Factor(Mu(LL))
Total Mu = 1.2MDL+1.6MLL
Total Mu = 116.940
Vumax(LL) = 80.100
Vumax(DL) = 4.5
Vumax = 84.600

Beam Design
Mu =
f'c = 27.5
fy = 415
Ab 16mmΦ = 201 mm2
12mmΦ = 113 mm2
dv 10mmΦ 78 mm2

Compute the maximum and minimum ρ

ρ, the ration between area of the steel to the width of the beam and distence from the centeroid of the stee

ρbal = (0.85 β1fc'/fy) (600/600+fy) = 0.0283

As
ρ = = 0.00229714 < ρbal
bd
 1.4
ρmin = = 0.00337349
fy
∴ fy = fs
As = ρbwd = 281.4 mm2
As
NsØ16 = Ab = 10.0

π*(Ø)2
As = n = 2010.6192983 mm2
4
C = T 0.85f'c aB =
Asfy
a = 0.85 f'c b = 142.786226
w
Mn1 Asfy { d-a/2}
= = 211.611364 KN-m

a
c = β1 = 167.983795416108
600{ d-c}
fs = = 221.507811
c
fs = 221.507810668071 MPa > 1000
∴ Tension Controlled Ø = 0.9
ØMn = 190.450227553045 KN-m
= ØMn = 190.450228 KN-m >

DESIGN FOR SHEAR

Vu = 84.60 kN
Reduction Factor (Shear) Ø = 0.75 Mpa
Yield Strenght of Shear Reinforcement, fyv = 275 (Normal Weight Concrete)
Modification Factor for Concrete Materiaƛ = 1
Vu ≤ ΦVn
Vn = Vc + Vs
Vu ≤ Vc + Vs
where
Vc = 0.17ƛ√fc bwd Vc
ØVc = 0.75 Vc ØVc
0.5ØVc = 0.75 Vc/2 0.5ØVc
Since = ØVc <
Shear Strength Required, Vs =

where
Area of Shear Reinf't. (2Xπdv2/4) ; Av
Spacing of Shear Reinforcement
Maximum Spacing of Shear Reinforcement
Vsmax = 0.67√fc bwd Vsmax
Vsmax = 348.73 KN
∴ Cross -Sectional Area is Adequate
Vs requirement = 0.33√fc bwd
Vs requirement = 0.5 KN
Therefore
Maximum Spacing of Shear Reinforcement
Smax < d/2 =
< 600 mm
Avx(fyt)x(d)
<
(4)x(Vs)x (1000)

Minimum Spacing of Shear Reinforcement

0.5ØVc < Vu > ØVc ; 9.70

= 0.062√fc bwSmax/fyv = 0.196 mm

= 0.35bw/fy = 0.2108 mm

Avmin
= 0.2108 Avmin = 282.6 mm2
s
∴ Use
10 - 16 mm
10 mm Φ

350
 250

Mid-Support Support
d Computation
m the centeroid of the steel to the cpmpression fiber
 Asfy

MPa

Mu = 116.940 KN-m

(Mild steel, R type)

Normal Weight Concrete)
KN

= 25.871 KN < 84.60 KN

= 19.40 KN
= 9.70
Vu ; Provide Adequate Shear Reinforcement (Need for Stirrups)
(Vu/Ø)-Vc ; Vs = 86.93 KN

= 157.08 mm2
 = 348.73 KN
> Vs = 86.93 KN

= 0.5 KN
> Vs = 0.00 KN

160.00 mm
= 600 mm
= 59.5799 mm

< 84.60 > 19.40

Φ
@ 150 mm (2 legs)

350
 250

Support
 Design of Footing

I. Design Inputs :

L = 2.68 m
PDL = 75 KN
PLL = 35 KN

Axial Demand Pu = 1.4DL = 105

= 1.2DL + 1.6LL = 146

II. Material Properties

Compressive Concrete Strength fc' = 27.50

Steel Yeild Strenght Main Bar fy = 414
Steel Yeild Strenght Tie Bar fst = 414
Modulus Elasticity of steel Es = 200000

III. Design Assumption

Column Width b = 250 mm

Column Depth h = 250 mm
Concrete cover cc = 40 mm
Main Bar diameter Ø = 16 mm Vertical bars
Tie Bar diameter Øst = 10 mm Lateral ties
Stee ratio ρact = 0.02
vertical bars: N = 8 - 16 mm dia.

Design and Analysis:

>> Solve for gross area of concrete column and vertical reinforcements:
Ag = 62,500 mm2 (actual)
NAst = 1,608.50 mm2

>> Check ultimate axial capacity:

PU = (0.8 Po)
PU = 0.7 (0.8) [0.85 f 'c (Ag - Ast) + fy Ast]
PU = 1,191.04 kN > \ column section is adequate, safe!
Factor of Safety =
>> Spacing of lateral ties
S = 16 bar Ø = 256 mm
S = 48 tie Ø = 480 mm
 S = least column dim = 250 mm

3.4 DESIGN OF COLUMNS

C-1 (RECTANGULAR COLUMN)

Materials Data:
f 'c = 20.70 Mpa
fy = 227.00 Mpa

Geometric and Load Data:

L = 2,800 mm (unsupported ht.) Sa = 250
Sb = 250
cbc = 20
Total Factored Load
PU = 1.4 PDL + 1.7 PLL = 164.50 kN
Design and Analysis:
>> Solve for gross area of concrete column and vertical reinforcements:
Ag = 62,500.00 mm2 (actual)
Ast = 1,608.50 mm2

>> Check ultimate axial capacity:

PU = f (0.8 Po)
PU = 0.7 (0.8) [0.85 f 'c (Ag - Ast) + fy Ast]
PU = 804.45 kN > \ column section is adequate,
Factor of Safety =
>> Spacing of lateral ties
S = 16 bar f = 256 mm
S = 48 tie f = 480 mm \
S = least column dim = 250 mm

C-2 (RECTANGULAR COLUMN )

Materials Data:
f 'c = 20.70 Mpa
fy = 227.00 Mpa

Geometric and Load Data:

L = 2,800 mm (unsupported ht.) Sa = 250
Sb = 250
cbc = 20
Total Factored Load
PU = 1.4 PDL + 1.7 PLL = 164.50 kN
Design and Analysis:
>> Solve for gross area of concrete column and vertical reinforcements:
Ag = 62,500.00 mm2 (actual)
Ast = 1,608.50 mm 2

>> Check ultimate axial capacity:

PU = f (0.8 Po)
PU = 0.7 (0.8) [0.85 f 'c (Ag - Ast) + fy Ast]
PU = 804.45 kN > \ column section is adequate, safe!
Factor of Safety =
>> Spacing of lateral ties
S = 16 bar f = 256 mm
S = 48 tie f = 480 mm \
S = least column dim = 250 mm
ting

KN
KN

Mpa
Mpa
Mpa
200000 Mpa

Vertical bars
Lateral ties

section is adequate, safe!

8.16

\ use S = 250 mm
 mm vertical bars: 8 - 16 mm dia.
mm lateral ties: 10 mm dia.
mm

olumn section is adequate, safe!

4.89026208

use S = 250 mm

mm vertical bars: 8 - 16 mm dia.

mm lateral ties: 10 mm dia.
mm
n is adequate, safe!
4.89026208

use S = 250 mm
 Design of Footing

I. Design Inputs :

PDL = 150 kN
PLL = 100 kN
T = 350 mm
dt = 1250 mm
D = 900 mm
C1 = 250 mm
C2 = 250 mm

II. Material Properties

Compressive Concrete Strength fc' = 27.50 Mpa

Steel Yeild Strenght Main Bar fy = 414 Mpa
Steel Yeild Strenght Tie Bar fst = 414 Mpa
Modulus Elasticity of steel Es = 200000
Density of Concrete γ = 24 KN/m^3
qallowable = 350 kPA
Factor of Safety FS = 3

III. Design Assumption

Width b = 1 m
Thickness d = 250 mm
Concrete cover cc = 75 mm
Main Bar diameter db = 16
As,dbmm 16mmΦ Ø = 201 mm2
Tie Bar diameter Øst = 10
10mmΦ Øst = 78 mm2
Steel ratio ρact = 0.02
Length L = 3 m
λ = 1
as = 40 Interior Column
= 30 Edge Column
= 20 Corner Column
 φ = 0.9
β1 = 0.85 since f'c < 28 Mpa
Φ = 0.75

IV. Design and Analysis:

Design Computations:
A. Dependable ultimate soil bearing:

Soil Bearing Pressure

qULT
qna = = 116.67 kPA
FS

qn = qna - Σwieght pressure

qn = 87.74666667 kPA
P
qn >
A
150 + 75
87.7467 >
B 2

B > 1.601 m
B = 64.052
B = 1.6 m

Pu = 1.4 PDL = 210 kPA

= 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL = 340 kPA

P
qnu > = 132.8125 kPA
A

Check for Two-Way Shear (Punching Shear)

d = T - cc - db
d = 259 mm
=
bo = 2(C1+d) + 2(C2+d)
= 1.518 m
VuTWS = qnu ( B2-(C1+d)-(C2+d))
= 340 KN

L
β = = 1
S
 VuCTWS = Φ 0.33 λ √ f'c bo d = 510.285333
2
= Φ 0.17 {  1 + } λ √ f'c bo d = 788.622788
β
ad
= Φ 0.083 {  1 + s b } λ √ f'c bo d = 1132.61056
o

VuCTWS = 510.2853332 KN > VuTWS = 340 KN O.K

Check for Flexure

X
Mu = qnu B X = 48.4101563 KN-m
2

Where B-c
X =
2

Mu < φ Mu
a
Mu < φ {  0.85f'c } Ac {  d - }
2
a > 8.6335 mm a = β1c a
c = c =
β1
600
fs = {  d - c } = 14699.7046389 Mpa > fy
c
d = dt
0.003
εt = {  dt - c } = 0.07349852 > 0.005
c

C = T
0.85 f'c a B = Asfy
As = 779.9345411 mm 2

for fy < 420 mm

Asmin = 0.002 B T = 1120 mm2
Asmin > As
∴ Use Asmin

Number of Re-Bars
Asmin
= π = 5.57040998 say 5- 16 mm ø 
(db)2
4

For Spacing
B = ndb + 2cc + (n-1)s
s = 342.50 mm < 3T = 1050
< 450
∴ ok

∴ Use 5- 16 mm ø  Bottom Barsbothways

510.285333 KN
788.622788 KN

1132.61056 KN

10.157

= fs

Φ = 0.9

main bars
 Slab Design for Roadway

I. Design Inputs :

II. Material Properties

Compressive Concrete Strength fc' = 27.50 Mpa

Steel Yeild Strenght Main Bar fy = 414 Mpa
Steel Yeild Strenght Tie Bar fst = 414 Mpa
Modulus Elasticity of steel Es = 200000
Density of Concrete γ = 24 KN/m^3

III. Design Assumption

Width b = 1m
Thickness tw = 150 mm
Concrete cover cc = 40 mm
Main Bar diameter Ø = 16
As,dbmm 16mmΦ Ø = 201 mm2
Tie Bar diameter Øst = 10
10mmΦ Øst = 78 mm2
Steel ratio ρact = 0.02
Length L = 3 m

Design and Analysis:

A. DEAD LOAD
W(slab) = 3.6 KN/m
DL(total) = 3.60
DL = (1/8)(wL^2)
Mu(DL) = 4.050 KN-m
B. LIVE LOAD
Sidewalk = 40 Kpa
LL = 12 KN/m
Mu(DL) = 45 KN-m
Mu(total): Mu = 1.2MDL+1.6MLL
Where:
Mu = 76.860 KN-m

Assume that Mu = ØMn

Mn = T (d-a/2)
ØMn = ØT (d-a/2)
Assume that (d-a/2) = 0.95d
ØMn = ØT (d-a/2)
Assume that (d-a/2) = 0.95d
d = hf-min. cover-1/2 db
 = 102 mm
Ø = 0.9
Mu = T(0.95d)/Ø
T = 0.71387
T = Asfy
As = 1724.3236 mm2
As,dbmm = 201 mm2
Number of bars = 8.5787244
n = 9 pcs.

spacing
b
s =
As/db
= 116.57 say 0.15 m on center