DESIGN OF THRUST BLOCK FOR PIPE LINES

Haraulipur Group of Villages Water Supply Scheme

NAME OF PROJECT
District, Hamirpur
DESIGN :- Thrust Block for 100 mm DI K-9 Pipe Bending at 90o

Working Pressure ( Considering Maximum ) = 8 Kg/Cm2

Nominal Dia of Pipe = 100 mm
Angle of Bend θ = 90 Degree
Ground Level GL = 100
Finished Ground Level FGL = 100
Pipe Crown Level PCL = 98.7
Inner Dia of Pipe D 100 mm = 0.100 m
Outer Dia of Pipe 120 mm = 0.120 m
Working Pressure in Pipe = 8.00 Kg/Cm2
Design Pressure in Pipe = 12.00 Kg/Cm2
Angle of Bend 90 Degree = 1.57 Radians
Density of Concrete 2400 Kg/m3 = 2.400 KN/m3
Density of Soil 1800 Kg/m3 = 1.800 KN/m3
Angle of Internal Friction 30 Degree = 0.52 Radians
Cohesion Factor of Soil C = 1.35 radians
Bearing Capacity of Soil sbc = 10 t/m2
Allowable Factor of Safety for Sliding = 1.5
Cofficient of Friction for Sliding = 0.3
CALCULATIONS:-

Cross Sectional Area of Pipe A = 0.079 sqm

Sin θ = 1.00
Sin θ/2 = 0.70711
Net Horizontal Thrust to be Resisted by the block = 13.33 tonnes
2pASinθ/2

Height h 1.97 m Height above Pipe h1 0.95 m

Breadth b 2.52 m Depth below Pipe h2 0.90 m
Mean Length L 1.05 m Right cover b1 1.20 m
Volume left cover b2 1.20 m
of Thrust = 5.213 m3 Inner Length L1 0.70 m
Block Outer Length L2 1.40 m

(1+Sinθ/1-Sinθ) = 3
(1-Sinθ/1+Sinθ) = 0.33
Top Level of Block TRL = 99.65 m
Bottom Level of Block TBL = 97.68 m
Pipe Above Finished Ground Level = 0.00 m
Earth Cover = 0.35 m
Height of earth for passive pressure = 1.97 m

(i) Lateral resistance of soil against the block = 21.22 tonnes

1.8*1.97^2/2*1.4*3+2*1.35*1.4*3^0.5

(ii) Leteral resistance of soil when the thrust block is free = -0.74 tonnes
to yield away from the soil mass
1.8*1.97^2/2*0.33*0.7-2*1.35*SQRT(0.33)

Moment
Vertical loads Hoz. Loads Distance
Loads about 'b'
(T) (T) from b (m)
(t-m)
Wieght of Thrust Block
1* Middle Portion 8.33 1.26 10.50
2* End Portion 4.17 0.84 3.50
Weight of pipe 0 1.26 0
Weight of inlining & outcoating 0 1.26 0
Weight of water 0.08 1.24 0.10
Weight of Earth 1.66698 0.35 0.583443
Net Horizontal thrust -13.33 0.50 -6.66
Passive Earth Pressure
21.22 0.66 13.93
against block
Active Pressure -0.74 0.66 -0.49
Total Weight 14.25 21.46 m

Where ever hard rock is present it is proposed to place steel straps attached to heavy boulders or to bed rock
or to place RCC in excavated portion only with minimum required reinforcement .( Clause 6.16.18 water supply
manual)
1-Check for no tension at base

Point of Resultant from 'a' = 1.51 m

Ecentricity e = -0.25 m
B/6 = 0.42 m
Resultant lies in middle third of the base hence no tension is developed.

2-Check for Overturning

Overturning moment (moment about b) = 6.664324 m

Restoring moment = 27.54 m
FOS against Overturning = 4.13 SAFE

3-Check for Bearing

Weight of soil removed = 9.38 tonnes

5.213*1.8
Net vertical weight for checking bearing = 4.86 tonnes
14.2463047797694-9.3834
Center of gravity from toe end = 1.12 m
2.52/3*(2*0.7+1.4)/(0.7+1.4)

Center of gravity from near end a = 1.40 m

2.52-1.12
Moment of inertia about centroidal xx axis = 1.35 m4
Axis passing C.G. along length Ixx
2.52^3*(0.7^2+4*0.7*1.4+1.4^2)/(36*(0.7+1.4))

Extreem end = 1.40 m

2.52-1.12
Section modulus = 0.96 m3
1.35/1.4
Area of the Block = 2.646 m2
2.52*1.05
Maximum Pressure = 3.09 t/m2
4.86/2.646+4.86*ABS(-0.246643009476999)/0.96 < 10 SAFE

Minimum Pressure = 0.59 t/m2

4.86/2.646-4.86*ABS(-0.246643009476999)/0.96 > 0 SAFE

4-Check against Sliding

Total force available considering friction = 4.27 tonnes

14.2463047797694*0.3
Total lateral resistance = 24.75 tonnes
-0.74+21.2169540526104+4.27389143393082
Total horizontal thrust = 13.329 tonnes
Factor of safety = 1.86
24.751/13.329 > 1.5 SAFE

Safe,Shear Key not required.

 Balance force to be resisted by shear key = 0.00 tonnes
1.2*13.329-24.751
Position of shear key = Not Required
Shear key Height = 0.95 m
Thickness = 1.20 m
Length = 1.40 m
Intensity of force infront of shear key = 0.00 t/m
1.05*1.8*1.2*0*0.95
Volume of shear key = 1.596 m3
Total Volume of the block = 6.81 m4
Passive force created = 0.00 tonnes
0*1.4
Total lateral resistance = 24.75 tonnes
0+24.751
Factor of safety = 1.86
24.751/13.329 > 1.5 SAFE
Shear stress on key = 0.00
Permissible shear stress < 0.2 SAFE

Check for thickness

Bending Moment 0*0.95*0.67 = 0.00 tm
B required = 0.00 cm
(0*100000)/((1.4*100)*6.52))^0.5 0.00 m
OK

Reinforcement
1 The minimum surface reinforcement in all thrust blocks shall be 5 Kgs/Sqm( as per IRG 21-1972
article 306.4). The spacing of these bars is not to be exceed 500 mm. Hence provide 10 mm bars at
200 mm c/c which is more then 5 Kg/Sqm
2 In addition to the above provide 10 mm 200 mm c/c cross bars around the pipe line along its whole
embedded length so as to make it monolithic with the thrust block.

Reinforcement for Shear key

d = (0.95*100)-4.5 = 90.5 cm
Ast. = = 0.00 cm2
0*100000/(90.5*2079.02)
Min. Steel = (0.95*100)*0.2 = 19 cm2
Provide 0 dia @ 0 c/c as main steel & 0 mm dia
@ 0 c/c as distribution steel.

Quantity of concrete required for Thrust Block = 5.20 m3

Quantity of Steel required @1% = 408 Kg
Quantity of PCC 15 cm Thick = 0.40 m3
2-Check for Overturning = SAFE
3-Check for Bearing = <10 t/m2 SAFE
>0 SAFE
4-Check against Sliding = Safe,Shear Key not required.
Position of shear key = Not Required
>1.5 SAFE
 DESIGN OF THRUST BLOCK FOR PIPE LINES
Haraulipur Group of Villages Water Supply Scheme
NAME OF PROJECT
District, Hamirpur
DESIGN :- Thrust Block for 100 mm DI K-9 Pipe Bending at 45o

Working Pressure ( Considering Maximum ) = 8 Kg/Cm2

Nominal Dia of Pipe = 100 mm
Angle of Bend θ = 45 Degree
Ground Level GL = 100
Finished Ground Level FGL = 100
Pipe Crown Level PCL = 98.7
Inner Dia of Pipe D 100 mm = 0.100 m
Outer Dia of Pipe 120 mm = 0.120 m
Working Pressure in Pipe = 8.00 Kg/Cm2
Design Pressure in Pipe = 12.00 Kg/Cm2
Angle of Bend 45 Degree = 0.79 Radians
Density of Concrete 2400 Kg/m3 = 2.400 KN/m3
Density of Soil 1800 Kg/m3 = 1.800 KN/m3
Angle of Internal Friction 30 Degree = 0.52 Radians
Cohesion Factor of Soil C = 1.35 radians
Bearing Capacity of Soil sbc = 10 t/m2
Allowable Factor of Safety for Sliding = 1.5
Cofficient of Friction for Sliding = 0.3
CALCULATIONS:-

Cross Sectional Area of Pipe A = 0.079 sqm

Sin θ = 0.70711
Sin θ/2 = 0.38268
Net Horizontal Thrust to be Resisted by the block = 7.21 tonnes
2pASinθ/2

Height h 1.87 m Height above Pipe h1 0.85 m

Breadth b 2.42 m Depth below Pipe h2 0.90 m
Mean Length L 0.60 m Right cover b1 1.15 m
Volume left cover b2 1.15 m
of Thrust = 2.715 m3 Inner Length L1 0.40 m
Block Outer Length L2 0.80 m

(1+Sinθ/1-Sinθ) = 3
(1-Sinθ/1+Sinθ) = 0.33
Top Level of Block TRL = 99.55 m
Bottom Level of Block TBL = 97.68 m
Pipe Above Finished Ground Level = 0.00 m
Earth Cover = 0.45 m
Height of earth for passive pressure = 1.87 m

(i) Lateral resistance of soil against the block = 11.29 tonnes

1.8*1.87^2/2*0.8*3+2*1.35*0.8*3^0.5

(ii) Leteral resistance of soil when the thrust block is free = -1.14 tonnes
to yield away from the soil mass
1.8*1.87^2/2*0.33*0.4-2*1.35*SQRT(0.33)

Vertical loads Hoz. Loads Distance Moment

Loads
(T) (T) from b (m) about 'b'
Wieght of Thrust Block
1* Middle Portion 4.34 1.21 5.25
2* End Portion 2.17 0.81 1.76
Weight of pipe 0 1.21 0
Weight of inlining & outcoating 0 1.21 0
Weight of water 0.05 1.19 0.06
Weight of Earth 0.81 0.45 0.3645
Net Horizontal thrust -7.21 0.40 -2.89
Passive Earth Pressure
11.29 0.62 7.04
against block
Active Pressure -1.14 0.62 -0.71
Total Weight 7.37 10.88 m

Where ever hard rock is present it is proposed to place steel straps attached to heavy boulders or to bed rock
or to place RCC in excavated portion only with minimum required reinforcement .( Clause 6.16.18 water supply
manual)
1-Check for no tension at base

Point of Resultant from 'a' = 1.48 m

Ecentricity e = -0.27 m
B/6 = 0.40 m
Resultant lies in middle third of the base hence no tension is developed.

2-Check for Overturning

Overturning moment (moment about b) = 2.885365 m

Restoring moment = 13.40 m
FOS against Overturning = 4.64 SAFE

3-Check for Bearing

Weight of soil removed = 4.89 tonnes

2.715*1.8
Net vertical weight for checking bearing = 2.48 tonnes
7.36921415986825-4.887
Center of gravity from toe end = 1.08 m
2.42/3*(2*0.4+0.8)/(0.4+0.8)

Center of gravity from near end a = 1.34 m

2.42-1.076
Moment of inertia about centroidal xx axis = 0.68 m4
Axis passing C.G. along length Ixx
2.42^3*(0.4^2+4*0.4*0.8+0.8^2)/(36*(0.4+0.8))

Extreem end = 1.34 m

2.42-1.076
Section modulus = 0.51 m3
0.68/1.344
Area of the Block = 1.452 m2
2.42*0.6
Maximum Pressure = 3.00 t/m2
2.48/1.452+2.48*ABS(-0.265944102048616)/0.51 < 10 SAFE

Minimum Pressure = 0.41 t/m2

2.48/1.452-2.48*ABS(-0.265944102048616)/0.51 > 0 SAFE

4-Check against Sliding

Total force available considering friction = 2.21 tonnes

7.36921415986825*0.3
Total lateral resistance = 12.37 tonnes
-1.14+11.2945337443488+2.21076424796047
Total horizontal thrust = 7.213 tonnes
Factor of safety = 1.71
12.365/7.213 > 1.5 SAFE

Safe,Shear Key not required.

 Balance force to be resisted by shear key = 0.00 tonnes
1.15*7.213-12.365
Position of shear key = Not Required
Shear key Height = 0.85 m
Thickness = 1.15 m
Length = 0.80 m
Intensity of force infront of shear key = 0.00 t/m
0.6*1.8*1.15*0*0.85
Volume of shear key = 0.782 m3
Total Volume of the block = 3.50 m4
Passive force created = 0.00 tonnes
0*0.8
Total lateral resistance = 12.37 tonnes
0+12.365
Factor of safety = 1.71
12.365/7.213 > 1.5 SAFE
Shear stress on key = 0.00
Permissible shear stress < 0.2 SAFE

Check for thickness

Bending Moment 0*0.85*0.67 = 0.00 tm
B required = 0.00 cm
(0*100000)/((0.8*100)*6.52))^0.5 0.00 m
OK

Reinforcement
1 The minimum surface reinforcement in all thrust blocks shall be 5 Kgs/Sqm( as per IRG 21-1972
article 306.4). The spacing of these bars is not to be exceed 500 mm. Hence provide 10 mm bars at
200 mm c/c which is more then 5 Kg/Sqm
2 In addition to the above provide 10 mm 200 mm c/c cross bars around the pipe line along its whole
embedded length so as to make it monolithic with the thrust block.

Reinforcement for Shear key

d = (0.85*100)-4.5 = 80.5 cm
Ast. = = 0.00 cm2
0*100000/(80.5*2079.02)
Min. Steel = (0.85*100)*0.2 = 17 cm2
Provide 0 dia @ 0 c/c as main steel & 0 mm dia
@ 0 c/c as distribution steel.

Quantity of concrete required for Thrust Block = 2.71 m3

Quantity of Steel required @1% = 213 Kg
Quantity of PCC 15 cm Thick = 0.22 m3
2-Check for Overturning = SAFE
3-Check for Bearing = <10 t/m2 SAFE
>0 SAFE
4-Check against Sliding = Safe,Shear Key not required.
Position of shear key = Not Required
>1.5 SAFE
 DESIGN OF THRUST BLOCK FOR PIPE LINES
Haraulipur Group of Villages Water Supply Scheme
NAME OF PROJECT
District, Hamirpur
DESIGN :- Thrust Block for 100 mm DI K-9 Pipe Bending at 22.5o

Working Pressure ( Considering Maximum ) = 8 Kg/Cm2

Nominal Dia of Pipe = 100 mm
Angle of Bend θ = 22.5 Degree
Ground Level GL = 100
Finished Ground Level FGL = 100
Pipe Crown Level PCL = 98.7
Inner Dia of Pipe D 100 mm = 0.100 m
Outer Dia of Pipe 120 mm = 0.120 m
Working Pressure in Pipe = 8.00 Kg/Cm2
Design Pressure in Pipe = 12.00 Kg/Cm2
Angle of Bend 22.5 Degree = 0.39 Radians
Density of Concrete 2400 Kg/m3 = 2.400 KN/m3
Density of Soil 1800 Kg/m3 = 1.800 KN/m3
Angle of Internal Friction 30 Degree = 0.52 Radians
Cohesion Factor of Soil C = 1.35 radians
Bearing Capacity of Soil sbc = 10 t/m2
Allowable Factor of Safety for Sliding = 1.5
Cofficient of Friction for Sliding = 0.3
CALCULATIONS:-

Cross Sectional Area of Pipe A = 0.079 sqm

Sin θ = 0.38268
Sin θ/2 = 0.19509
Net Horizontal Thrust to be Resisted by the block = 3.68 tonnes
2pASinθ/2

Height h 2.02 m Height above Pipe h1 0.95 m

Breadth b 2.12 m Depth below Pipe h2 0.95 m
Mean Length L 0.35 m Right cover b1 1.00 m
Volume left cover b2 1.00 m
of Thrust = 1.499 m3 Inner Length L1 0.30 m
Block Outer Length L2 0.40 m

(1+Sinθ/1-Sinθ) = 3
(1-Sinθ/1+Sinθ) = 0.33
Top Level of Block TRL = 99.65 m
Bottom Level of Block TBL = 97.63 m
Pipe Above Finished Ground Level = 0.00 m
Earth Cover = 0.35 m
Height of earth for passive pressure = 2.02 m

(i) Lateral resistance of soil against the block = 6.28 tonnes

1.8*2.02^2/2*0.4*3+2*1.35*0.4*3^0.5

(ii) Leteral resistance of soil when the thrust block is free = -1.19 tonnes
to yield away from the soil mass
1.8*2.02^2/2*0.33*0.3-2*1.35*SQRT(0.33)

Vertical loads Hoz. Loads Distance Moment

Loads
(T) (T) from b (m) about 'b'
Wieght of Thrust Block
1* Middle Portion 2.40 1.06 2.54
2* End Portion 1.20 0.71 0.85
Weight of pipe 0 1.06 0
Weight of inlining & outcoating 0 1.06 0
Weight of water 0.03 1.04 0.03
Weight of Earth 0.63 0.35 0.2205
Net Horizontal thrust -3.68 0.50 -1.84
Passive Earth Pressure
6.28 0.67 4.23
against block
Active Pressure -1.19 0.67 -0.80
Total Weight 4.25 5.23 m

Where ever hard rock is present it is proposed to place steel straps attached to heavy boulders or to bed rock
or to place RCC in excavated portion only with minimum required reinforcement .( Clause 6.16.18 water supply
manual)
1-Check for no tension at base

Point of Resultant from 'a' = 1.23 m

Ecentricity e = -0.17 m
B/6 = 0.35 m
Resultant lies in middle third of the base hence no tension is developed.

2-Check for Overturning

Overturning moment (moment about b) = 1.838683 m

Restoring moment = 6.85 m
FOS against Overturning = 3.72 SAFE

3-Check for Bearing

Weight of soil removed = 2.70 tonnes

1.499*1.8
Net vertical weight for checking bearing = 1.56 tonnes
4.25364159325647-2.6982
Center of gravity from toe end = 1.01 m
2.12/3*(2*0.3+0.4)/(0.3+0.4)

Center of gravity from near end a = 1.11 m

2.12-1.01
Moment of inertia about centroidal xx axis = 0.28 m4
Axis passing C.G. along length Ixx
2.12^3*(0.3^2+4*0.3*0.4+0.4^2)/(36*(0.3+0.4))

Extreem end = 1.11 m

2.12-1.01
Section modulus = 0.25 m3
0.28/1.11
Area of the Block = 0.742 m2
2.12*0.35
Maximum Pressure = 3.16 t/m2
1.56/0.742+1.56*ABS(-0.169197707809113)/0.25 < 10 SAFE

Minimum Pressure = 1.05 t/m2

1.56/0.742-1.56*ABS(-0.169197707809113)/0.25 > 0 SAFE

4-Check against Sliding

Total force available considering friction = 1.28 tonnes

4.25364159325647*0.3
Total lateral resistance = 6.36 tonnes
-1.19+6.27744687217439+1.27609247797694
Total horizontal thrust = 3.677 tonnes
Factor of safety = 1.73
6.364/3.677 > 1.5 SAFE

Safe,Shear Key not required.

 Balance force to be resisted by shear key = 0.00 tonnes
1*3.677-6.364
Position of shear key = Not Required
Shear key Height = 0.95 m
Thickness = 1.00 m
Length = 0.40 m
Intensity of force infront of shear key = 0.00 t/m
0.35*1.8*1*0*0.95
Volume of shear key = 0.38 m3
Total Volume of the block = 1.88 m4
Passive force created = 0.00 tonnes
0*0.4
Total lateral resistance = 6.36 tonnes
0+6.364
Factor of safety = 1.73
6.364/3.677 > 1.5 SAFE
Shear stress on key = 0.00
Permissible shear stress < 0.2 SAFE

Check for thickness

Bending Moment 0*0.95*0.67 = 0.00 tm
B required = 0.00 cm
(0*100000)/((0.4*100)*6.52))^0.5 0.00 m
OK

Reinforcement
1 The minimum surface reinforcement in all thrust blocks shall be 5 Kgs/Sqm( as per IRG 21-1972
article 306.4). The spacing of these bars is not to be exceed 500 mm. Hence provide 10 mm bars at
200 mm c/c which is more then 5 Kg/Sqm
2 In addition to the above provide 10 mm 200 mm c/c cross bars around the pipe line along its whole
embedded length so as to make it monolithic with the thrust block.

Reinforcement for Shear key

d = (0.95*100)-4.5 = 90.5 cm
Ast. = = 0.00 cm2
0*100000/(90.5*2079.02)
Min. Steel = (0.95*100)*0.2 = 19 cm2
Provide 0 dia @ 0 c/c as main steel & 0 mm dia
@ 0 c/c as distribution steel.

Quantity of concrete required for Thrust Block = 1.50 m3

Quantity of Steel required @1% = 118 Kg
Quantity of PCC 15 cm Thick = 0.11 m3
2-Check for Overturning = SAFE
3-Check for Bearing = <10 t/m2 SAFE
>0 SAFE
4-Check against Sliding = Safe,Shear Key not required.
Position of shear key = Not Required
>1.5 SAFE
 DESIGN OF THRUST BLOCK FOR PIPE LINES
Haraulipur Group of Villages Water Supply Scheme
NAME OF PROJECT
District, Hamirpur
DESIGN :- Thrust Block for 100 mm DI K-9 Pipe Bending at 11.25o

Working Pressure ( Considering Maximum ) = 8 Kg/Cm2

Nominal Dia of Pipe = 100 mm
Angle of Bend θ = 11.25 Degree
Ground Level GL = 100
Finished Ground Level FGL = 100
Pipe Crown Level PCL = 98.7
Inner Dia of Pipe D 100 mm = 0.100 m
Outer Dia of Pipe 120 mm = 0.120 m
Working Pressure in Pipe = 8.00 Kg/Cm2
Design Pressure in Pipe = 12.00 Kg/Cm2
Angle of Bend 11.25 Degree = 0.20 Radians
Density of Concrete 2400 Kg/m3 = 2.400 KN/m3
Density of Soil 1800 Kg/m3 = 1.800 KN/m3
Angle of Internal Friction 30 Degree = 0.52 Radians
Cohesion Factor of Soil C = 1.35 radians
Bearing Capacity of Soil sbc = 10 t/m2
Allowable Factor of Safety for Sliding = 1.5
Cofficient of Friction for Sliding = 0.3
CALCULATIONS:-

Cross Sectional Area of Pipe A = 0.079 sqm

Sin θ = 0.19509
Sin θ/2 = 0.09802
Net Horizontal Thrust to be Resisted by the block = 1.85 tonnes
2pASinθ/2

Height h 1.12 m Height above Pipe h1 0.50 m

Breadth b 2.42 m Depth below Pipe h2 0.50 m
Mean Length L 0.375 m Right cover b1 1.15 m
Volume left cover b2 1.15 m
of Thrust = 1.016 m3 Inner Length L1 0.25 m
Block Outer Length L2 0.50 m

(1+Sinθ/1-Sinθ) = 3
(1-Sinθ/1+Sinθ) = 0.33
Top Level of Block TRL = 99.20 m
Bottom Level of Block TBL = 98.08 m
Pipe Above Finished Ground Level = 0.00 m
Earth Cover = 0.80 m
Height of earth for passive pressure = 1.12 m

(i) Lateral resistance of soil against the block = 4.03 tonnes

1.8*1.12^2/2*0.5*3+2*1.35*0.5*3^0.5

(ii) Leteral resistance of soil when the thrust block is free = -1.46 tonnes
to yield away from the soil mass
1.8*1.12^2/2*0.33*0.25-2*1.35*SQRT(0.33)

Vertical loads Hoz. Loads Distance Moment

Loads
(T) (T) from b (m) about 'b'
Wieght of Thrust Block
1* Middle Portion 1.61 1.21 1.94
2* End Portion 0.40 0.81 0.33
Weight of pipe 0 1.21 0
Weight of inlining & outcoating 0 1.21 0
Weight of water 0.03 1.19 0.04
Weight of Earth 1.44 0.80 1.152
Net Horizontal thrust -1.85 -0.40 0.74
Passive Earth Pressure
4.03 0.37 1.51
against block
Active Pressure -1.46 0.37 -0.55
Total Weight 3.48 5.16 m

Where ever hard rock is present it is proposed to place steel straps attached to heavy boulders or to bed rock
or to place RCC in excavated portion only with minimum required reinforcement .( Clause 6.16.18 water supply
manual)
1-Check for no tension at base

Point of Resultant from 'a' = 1.48 m

Ecentricity e = -0.27 m
B/6 = 0.40 m
Resultant lies in middle third of the base hence no tension is developed.
This tension will be componsated by the bottom reinforcment provided.
2-Check for Overturning

Overturning moment (moment about b) = 0.739032 m

Restoring moment = 3.27 m
FOS against Overturning = 4.42 SAFE

3-Check for Bearing

Weight of soil removed = 1.83 tonnes

1.016*1.8
Net vertical weight for checking bearing = 1.65 tonnes
3.48-1.8288
Center of gravity from toe end = 1.08 m
2.42/3*(2*0.25+0.5)/(0.25+0.5)

Center of gravity from near end a = 1.34 m

2.42-1.076
Moment of inertia about centroidal xx axis = 0.43 m4
Axis passing C.G. along length Ixx
2.42^3*(0.25^2+4*0.25*0.5+0.5^2)/(36*(0.25+0.5))

Extreem end = 1.34 m

2.42-1.076
Section modulus = 0.32 m3
0.43/1.344
Area of the Block = 0.9075 m2
2.42*0.375
Maximum Pressure = 3.21 t/m2
1.65/0.9075+1.65*ABS(-0.27)/0.32 < 10 SAFE

Minimum Pressure = 0.43 t/m2

1.65/0.9075-1.65*ABS(-0.27)/0.32 > 0 SAFE
SAFE
4-Check against Sliding

Total force available considering friction = 1.04 tonnes

3.48*0.3
Total lateral resistance = 3.62 tonnes
-1.46+4.03170859021798+1.044
Total horizontal thrust = 1.848 tonnes
Factor of safety = 1.96
3.616/1.848 > 1.5 SAFE

Safe,Shear Key not required.

 Balance force to be resisted by shear key = 0.00 tonnes
1.15*1.848-3.616
Position of shear key = Not Required
Shear key Height = 0.50 m
Thickness = 1.15 m
Length = 0.50 m
Intensity of force infront of shear key = 0.00 t/m
0.375*1.8*1.15*0*0.5
Volume of shear key = 0.2875 m3
Total Volume of the block = 1.30 m4
Passive force created = 0.00 tonnes
0*0.5
Total lateral resistance = 3.62 tonnes
0+3.616
Factor of safety = 1.96
3.616/1.848 > 1.5 SAFE
Shear stress on key = 0.00
Permissible shear stress < 0.2 SAFE

Check for thickness

Bending Moment 0*0.5*0.67 = 0.00 tm
B required = 0.00 cm
(0*100000)/((0.5*100)*6.52))^0.5 0.00 m
OK

Reinforcement
1 The minimum surface reinforcement in all thrust blocks shall be 5 Kgs/Sqm( as per IRG 21-1972
article 306.4). The spacing of these bars is not to be exceed 500 mm. Hence provide 10 mm bars at
200 mm c/c which is more then 5 Kg/Sqm
2 In addition to the above provide 10 mm 200 mm c/c cross bars around the pipe line along its whole
embedded length so as to make it monolithic with the thrust block.

Reinforcement for Shear key

d = (0.5*100)-4.5 = 45.5 cm
Ast. = = 0.00 cm2
0*100000/(45.5*2079.02)
Min. Steel = (0.5*100)*0.2 = 10 cm2
Provide 0 dia @ 0 c/c as main steel & 0 mm dia
@ 0 c/c as distribution steel.

Quantity of concrete required for Thrust Block = 1.01 m3

Quantity of Steel required @1% = 79 Kg
Quantity of PCC 15 cm Thick = 0.14 m3
2-Check for Overturning = SAFE
3-Check for Bearing = <10 t/m2 SAFE
>0 Tension at base
4-Check against Sliding = Safe,Shear Key not required.
Position of shear key = Not Required
>1.5 SAFE