Pipeline Desain
Pipeline Desain
Pipeline Desain
PIPELINE DESIGN
UNTUK TENAGA AHLI INSPEKTUR PIPA PENYALUR
BY
MARGO PAMUJI
PRESENTATION AGENDA
PIPELINE OVERVIEW
DESIGN CODE
PIPELINE ROUTE SELECTION
MATERIAL
WALL THICKNESS
STABILITY
PIPELINE EXPANSION
FREE SPAN
CATHODIC PROTECTION
MECHANICAL PROTECTION
PIPELINE OVERVIEW
FLOWLINE: A pipe that transfer fluid from oil or gas well to a processing
facility
PIPELINE: A pipe that transfer gas, crude oil, gasoline or other finished
product from a processing facility or storage facility to another processing
facility, refinery, chemical plant or end user
PIPELINE OVERVIEW
Pipeline
Pipeline
Pipeline
Pipeline
Pipeline
Flowline
PIPELINE OVERVIEW
PIPELINE OVERVIEW
PIPELINE OVERVIEW
DESIGN CODE
Common Referenced Code for Offshore Pipeline Design:
DNV 1981- Rules for Submarine Pipelines
DNV OS F101 – Submarine Pipeline Systems
DNV RP F109 - On-bottom Stability Design of Submarine Pipelines
DNV RP F105 - Pipeline Free Spanning
DNV RP B401 - Recommended Practice for Cathodic Protection Design
DNV RP F103 - Recommended Practice for Cathodic Protection of Submarine
Pipeline
ASME 31.4 – Pipeline Transportation System for Liquids and Slurries
ASME 31.8 - Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping System
API RP 1111- Design, Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Offshore
Hydrocarbon Pipelines
PIPELINE ROUTE SELECTION
Considered Parameter:
Internal Pressure Containment
Water Depth
Environmental (Wave Height)
Temperature
WALL THICKNESS
Calculation Aspect:
Design Aspect ASME B31.8 API RP 1111 DNV 1981 DNV OS F101
Pressure Containment 2 St Pt f d f t f e Pb D pb t
P FET y pi pe pli pe
D
P d 0 . 80 Pt 2t SC m
Design Parameter ASME B31.8 API RP 1111 DNV 1981 DNV OS F101
FL
Pipe
FD + F I
Hydrodynamic Forces:
Pipe Submerged Weight, Ws
Lift Force, FI
Drag Force, FD
Friction Resistance Force, Fr
PIPELINE STABILITY
Stability Criteria:
ws b
Vertical Stability (empty): 1.1 b = buoyancy force
b
Horizontal Stability:
DNV F109: and
AGA Software: Satisfy Level 2
PIPELINE STABILITY
DNV F109 provides three methods of stability analysis:
OD = 1,320.8 mm; WT = 25.4; WD = 32 m; 3 mm 3LPE, Soil Undrain Shear Strength: 4.75 kPa;
Soil density = 1,600 kg/m3 ; Wave Height = 1.439 m; Peak Period: 6.44 s; Current: 0.35 m/s
F P (1 2 ) ( D 2t ) 2
P1 4
F EA S T ( x 1 )
T1
FF 1 aWs x1
PIPELINE EXPANSION
Typical Temperature & Pressure Profile:
FREE SPAN
Introduction:
When pipelines are installed, great care is taken to ensure they are as safe as
possible to other seabed users. However, due to an uneven seabed, tidal currents or
scouring, some pipelines may develop free spans. A free span on a pipeline is where
the seabed sediments have been eroded, or scoured away then the pipeline span
exceeds allowable span.
Exceeding span can cause over stress (static) or vibrate induced by current.
FREE SPAN
FREE SPAN
Mitigation:
Inserting sand-cement bag
Clamp-on support with telescopic leg
Clamp-on support with auger screw leg
Adding rock dumping
PIPELINE ROUTE SELECTION
Aspect to be considered:
Minimize total route length
Minimize required intervention
Avoid relict object
Avoid marine park
Avoid hazardous object
ANTI-CORROSION COATING
EXTERNAL
Anti-Corrosion Coating:
Coatings isolates metal from contact with the surrounding environment
Primary protection for external corrosion protection
Material:
Aluminium Base
Zinc Base
MECHANICAL PROTECTION
FIGURE A SHOWS THE BEHAVIOUR OF AN ANCHOR AS IT APPROACHES AND CROSSES A ROCK BERM
SITTING ON THE ORIGINAL SEABED. A SIMILAR BEHAVIOUR IS EXPECTED FOR AN ANCHOR CROSSING A
BERM IN A TRENCH.
• FIGURE B SHOWS THE CHANGE IN PATH OF THE ANCHOR RESULTING FROM A ROCK BERM IN ITS
PATH. ALTHOUGH THE SKETCH SHOWS THE ROCK BERM IN A TRENCH, THE EFFECT OF THE ANCHOR
PATH DUE TO A ROCK BERM SITTING ON THE ORIGINAL SEABED IS SIMILAR.