ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title Unit 16: Cloud computing

Submission date 7/2021 Date Received 1st submission

Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission

Student Name Huynh Nhat Nam Student ID GCS190293

Class GCS0805B Assessor name Lam Nguyen Trung Nam

Student declaration

I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that
making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.

Student’s signature

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P1 P2 P3 P4 M1 M2 D1
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 ASSIGNMENT 1 BRIEF
Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number Unit 16: Cloud computing

Assignment title Cloud Computing Solutions

Academic Year 2020

Unit Tutor Lam Nguyen Trung Nma

Issue date Submission date 7/2021

IV name and date

Submission Format:

Format: The submission is in the form of 1 document

You must use font Calibri size 12, set number of the pages and use multiple line spacing at
1.3. Margins must be: left: 1.25 cm; right: 1 cm; top: 1 cm and bottom: 1 cm. The reference
follows Harvard referencing system.
Submission Students are compulsory to submit the assignment in due date and in a way requested
by the Tutors. The form of submission will be a soft copy posted on
http://cms.greenwich.edu.vn/
Note: The Assignment must be your own work, and not copied by or from another student or from
books etc. If you use ideas, quotes or data (such as diagrams) from books, journals or other sources, you
must reference your sources, using the Harvard style. Make sure that you know how to reference
properly, and that understand the guidelines on plagiarism. If you do not, you definitely get failed

Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1 Demonstrate an understanding of the fundamentals of Cloud Computing and its architectures.

LO2 Evaluate the deployment models, service models and technological drivers of Cloud Computing and
validate their use.

Assignment Brief and Guidance:

Scenario

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ATN is a Vietnamese company which is selling toys to teenagers in many provinces all over Vietnam. The
company has the revenue over 500.000 dollars/year. Currently each shop has its own database to store
transactions for that shop only. Each shop has to send the sale data to the board director monthly and
the board director need lots of time to summarize the data collected from all the shops. Besides the
board can’t see the stock information update in real time.

The table of contents in your technical report should be as follows:

1. Explain to the board director the fundamentals of cloud computing and how it is popular
nowadays(500 words)
2. Persuade the board director to use Cloud Computing in ATN(300 words)
3. Proposed solution (higher level solution description – around 200 words).
4. Explain the appropriateness of the solution for the scenario (350 words with images and
diagrams).
5. Architectural design (architectural diagram and description).
6. Detailed design:
a. Deployment model (discussion on why that model was chosen).
b. Service model (discussion on why that model was chosen).
c. Programming language/ webserver/database server chosen.
7. Summary.
 Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria

Pass Merit Distinction

LO1 Demonstrate an understanding of the fundamentals of Cloud

Computing and its architectures
LO1 & 2
P1 Analyse the evolution and M1 Discuss why an organisation
D1 Justify the tools chosen to
fundamental concepts of Cloud should migrate to a Cloud
realise a Cloud Computing
Computing. Computing solution.
solution.

P2 Design an appropriate
architectural Cloud Computing
framework for a given scenario.

LO2 Evaluate the deployment models, service models and

technological drivers of Cloud Computing and validate their use

P3 Define an appropriate M2 Demonstrate these

deployment model for a given deployment models with real
scenario. world examples.

P4 Compare the service models

for choosing an adequate model
for a given scenario.

INTRODUCTION:
Today, it is difficult to imagine something that has changed our society more than Cloud Computing technology.
Without the cloud, there would be no Twitter, no Facebook, and no Gmail, and millions of businesses around the
world would not be as competitive, collaborative, flexible, and mobile. Perceived as a somewhat nebulous concept
at first, cloud computing has gradually evolved to an integral part of our everyday lives, with its absence being
unthinkable.

Cloud computing is a technological advancement that focuses on the way we design computing systems, develop
applications, and leverage existing services for building software.
Most of us are using clouding computing all the day but they dont what what its actually called.
For example,
 Searching on Google is an example of cloud computing.
 Email
 Messaging over internet
 Watching videos on YouTube
All above examples have their storage from where we fetch data. We are not having any personal storage but we
can still store lot of daily emails on Googles gmail storage. But we required internet here. Which is an example of
cloud computing.

P1 Analyze the evolution and fundamental concepts of Cloud Computing.

 What is Cloud Computing:

Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of
configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly
provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

In other words, the cloud is a place where you can store data and access apps and services easily and quickly. A
device with an Internet connection is the only thing you need to use your cloud-based programs anywhere and
at any time.

Cloud computing is composed of three broad service models:

Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS), where consumers use the provider’s computing resources including
servers, networking, and data storage space;
 Platform-as-a-service (PaaS), where the provider hosts tools for general software development on their
cloud infrastructures;
Software-as-a-service (SaaS), where consumers gain access to a completed product managed by the
provider.
Furthermore, cloud computing involves four main deployment models:
Private cloud (for a single organization),
Community cloud (for a group of organizations),
Public cloud (for public use), and
Hybrid cloud (a combination of cloud services).

 History Of Cloud Computing :

Cloud computing may seem like a relatively new trend. However, its roots trace back to the 1950s, when
mainframe computing allowed multiple users to access a central computer.
In the1 960s, some ideas similar to what we call cloud computing were introduced (Hey, T & Pápay, G 2014,
‘Licklider”s Intergalactic Computer Network’, chapter, in The Computing Universe: A Journey through a
Revolution, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 192–219 e. g. J.C.R. Licklider’s idea of an
“intergalactic computer network”).

In the 1970s, virtualization took 1950s’ mainframes to the next level and in the 1990s, telecom companies
began offering virtualized private network connections. In 1999, Salesforce.com became the first company to
deliver enterprise applications over the Internet. Apps could be accessed by many users simultaneously from
a web browser at a low cost.

Cloud computing as we know it appeared in 2006, when Amazon.com, then an online book retailer,
introduced Amazon Web Services (AWS) and thus pioneered the cloud computing movement. AWS provides a
broad set of Cloud Computing Services such as computing power and database storage, and it remains the
leading  infrastructure platform in the cloud and is highly reliable.
Later, more vendors, such as Netflix, Microsoft, Google, Apple, and IBM, joined and the cloud market
expanded. A variety of deployment models emerged. Nevertheless, it was still difficult to fully understand the
advantages of cloud computing.

 Cloud Ecosystem

Cloud ecosystem is a term used to describe the complex system of interdependent components that work
together to enable cloud services.

The center of a cloud ecosystem is a public cloud provider. It might be an IaaS provider such as Amazon Web
Services (AWS) or a SaaS vendor such as Salesforce.

There is no vendor lock-in in the cloud ecosystem. For example, AWS is the center of its own ecosystem, but
it's also a part of the Salesforce ecosystem. Salesforce runs a number of its services on AWS's infrastructure.

By nature, “the cloud” is an intangible, inanimate array of products and services.it is pertinent for consumers
on every part of the ladder to acknowledge and familiarize themselves with the different elements of the
cloud ecosystem.

Here is a breakdown of the cloud marketplace:

 As you can see, there are 3 major types of cloud services. Each have their own intended customer types, from
end-user to developers and system admins. But it’s important to note that while customers may overlap
between services, the service types don’t really overlap between customers.

Some companies for go in-house server rooms and opt instead to run their hardware in commercial data centers
while others jump right into the cloud; most of them, however, adopt a gradual approach when embarking on
their journey into the cloud. This decision hinges in part on a company’s resources, regulatory requirements and
the system landscape. With this in mind, we have created a cloud ecosystem that reflects these milestones and
offers greater efficiency during every phase. Find out more about the Green Cloud Ecosystem.

Here is an instance of the Green Cloud Ecosystem cloud ecosystem:

  Cloud Computing Models.

Cloud computing is offered in three different service models which each satisfy a unique set of business
requirements. These three models are known as Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS).

 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

IAAS: Changing Its Hardware Infrastructure on Demand
The Infrastructure As A Service (IAAS) means the hiring & utilizing of the physical infrastructure of IT (network,
storage, and servers) from a third-party provider. The IT resources are hosted on external servers and users can
access them via an internet connection.
The Benefits
 Time and cost savings: No installation and maintenance of IT hardware in-house,
 Better flexibility: On-demand hardware resources that can be tailored to your needs,
 Remote access and resource management.
 
For Who?
This cloud computing service model is ideal for large accounts, enterprises, or organizations capable of building
and managing their own IT platforms. However, they want the flexibility to amend their infrastructure according
to their needs.

 Platform as a Service (PaaS)

PAAS: Providing a Flexible Environment for Your Software Applications

Platform as a Service (PAAS) allows outsourcing of hardware infrastructure as well software environment, which
includes databases, integration layers, runtimes and more.
The Benefits
 Focus on development: Mastering the installation and development of software applications
 Time saving and flexibility: no need to manage the implementation of the platform, instant production.
 Data security: You control the distribution, protection, and backup of your business data.
 
For Who?
It is ideal for companies wanting to maintain control over their business applications. However, they wish to get
rid of constraints to manage the hardware infrastructure and software environment.

 Software as a Service (SaaS)

SAAS: Releasing the User Experience of Management Constraints
Software as a Service (SaaS) is provided over the internet and requires no prior installation. These services can be
availed from any part of the world at a minimal per-month fee.
The Benefits
 You are entirely free from the infrastructure management and aligning software environment: no
installation or software maintenance.
 You benefit from automatic updates with the guarantee that all users have the same software version.
 It enables easy and quicker testing of new software solutions.
 
For Who?
SAAS model accounts for 60% of sales of cloud solutions. Hence, it is applicable and preferred by most
companies.

 Cloud Computing Deployment Models

What Is A Cloud Deployment Model?

It works as your virtual computing environment with a choice of deployment model depending on how much
data you want to store and who has access to the infrastructure.

Different Types Of Cloud Computing Deployment Models

Most cloud hubs have tens of thousands of servers and storage devices to enable fast loading. It is often possible
to choose a geographic area to put the data “closer” to users. Thus, deployment models for cloud computing are
categorized based on their location. To know which model would best fit the requirements of your organization,
let us first learn about the various types.

Public Cloud
The name says it all. It is accessible by the public. Public deployment models in the cloud are perfect for
organizations with growing and fluctuating demands. It also makes a great choice for companies with low-
security concerns. Thus, you pay a cloud service provider for networking services, compute virtualization &
storage available on the public internet. This is also a great delivery model for the teams with development and
testing. Its configuration and deployment are quick and easy, making it an ideal choice for test environments.
Benefits of Public Cloud
 Minimal Investment – As a pay-per-use service, there is no large upfront cost and is ideal for businesses
who need quick access to resources
 No Hardware Set-up – The entire infrastructure is fully funded by the cloud service providers
 No Infrastructure Management – Does not require an in-house team to utilize the public cloud
 
Limitations of Public Cloud
 Data Security and Privacy Concerns – Since it is accessible to all, it does not fully protect against cyber-
attacks and could lead to vulnerabilities
 Reliability Issues – Since the same server network is open to a wide range of users, it can lead to
malfunction and outages
 Service/License Limitation – While there are many resources that you can exchange with tenants, there is
a cap on usage

Private Cloud
Now that you understand what the public cloud could offer you, of course, you are keen to know what a private
cloud can do. Companies that look for cost efficiency and greater control over data & resources will find the
private cloud a more suitable choice.
What it means is that it will be integrated with your data center and managed by your IT team. Alternatively, you
can also choose to host it externally. When it comes to customization, the private cloud offers bigger
opportunities that help meet specific organization’s requirements. It’s also a wise choice for mission-critical
processes that may have frequently changing requirements.
Benefits of Private Cloud
 Data Privacy – It is ideal for storing corporate data where only authorized personnel gets access
 Security – Segmentation of resources within the same infrastructure can help with better access and
higher levels of security
 Supports Legacy Systems – This model supports legacy systems that cannot access the public cloud
 
Limitations of Private Cloud
 Higher Cost – With the benefits that you get, the investment will also be larger than the public cloud.
Here, you will pay for software, hardware and resources for staff and training.
 Fixed Scalability – The hardware you choose will accordingly help you scale in a certain direction
 High Maintenance – Since it is managed in-house, the maintenance costs also increase

Community Cloud
The community cloud operates in a way that is similar to the public cloud. There’s just one difference – it allows
access to only a specific set of users who share common objectives and use cases. This type of deployment model
of cloud computing is managed and hosted internally or by a third-party vendor. However, you can also choose a
combination of all three.
Benefits of Community Cloud
 Smaller Investment – A community cloud is much cheaper than the private & public cloud and provides
great performance
 Setup Benefits – The protocols and configuration of a community cloud must align with industry
standards. This allows customers to work much more efficiently
 
Limitations of Community Cloud
 Shared Resources – Due to restricted bandwidth and storage capacity, community resources often pose
challenges
 Not as Popular – Since this is a recently introduced model, it is not that popular or available across
industries
Hybrid Cloud
As the name suggests, a hybrid cloud is a combination of two or more cloud architectures. While each model in
the hybrid cloud functions differently, it is all part of the same architecture. Further, as part of this deployment of
the cloud computing model, the internal, or external providers can offer resources.
Let’s understand the hybrid model better. A company that has critical data will prefer storing on a private cloud,
while less sensitive data can be stored on a public cloud. The hybrid cloud is also frequently used for ‘cloud
bursting’. It means, suppose an organization runs an application on-premises, but due to heavy load, they can
burst into the public cloud.
Benefits of Hybrid Cloud
 Cost-Effectiveness – The overall cost of a hybrid solution decreases since it majorly uses the public cloud
to store data
 Security – Since data is properly segmented, the chances of data theft from attackers is significantly
reduced
 Flexibility – With higher levels of flexibility, businesses can create custom solutions that fit their exact
requirements
 
Limitations of Hybrid Cloud
 Complexity – It is complex setting up a hybrid cloud since it needs to integrate two or more cloud
architectures
 Specific Use Case – This model makes more sense for organizations that have multiple use cases or need
to separate critical and sensitive data

 Benefits of Cloud Computing

Cost Savings

Cost saving is one of the biggest Cloud Computing benefits. It helps you to save substantial capital cost as it does
not need any physical hardware investments. Also, you do not need trained personnel to maintain the hardware.
The buying and managing of equipment is done by the cloud service provider. 

Strategic edge 

Cloud computing offers a competitive edge over your competitors. It is one of the best advantages of Cloud
services that helps you to access the latest applications any time without spending your time and money on
installations.
High Speed 
Cloud computing allows you to deploy your service quickly in fewer clicks. This faster deployment allows you to
get the resources required for your system within fewer minutes. 

Back-up and restore data 

Once the data is stored in a Cloud, it is easier to get the back-up and recovery of that, which is otherwise very
time taking process on-premise. 

Automatic Software Integration

In the cloud, software integration is something that occurs automatically. Therefore, you don't need to take
additional efforts to customize and integrate your applications as per your preferences. 

Reliability
Reliability is one of the biggest benefits of Cloud hosting. You can always get instantly updated about the
changes. 

Mobility
Employees who are working on the premises or at the remote locations can easily access all the could services.
All they need is an Internet connectivity. 

Unlimited storage capacity

The cloud offers almost limitless storage capacity. At any time you can quickly expand your storage capacity with
very nominal monthly fees. 

Collaboration
The cloud computing platform helps employees who are located in different geographies to collaborate in a
highly convenient and secure manner. 

Quick Deployment
Last but not least, cloud computing gives you the advantage of rapid deployment. So, when you decide to use the
cloud, your entire system can be fully functional in very few minutes. Although, the amount of time taken
depends on what kind of technologies are used in your business. 

 Disadvantages of Cloud Computing

Technical Issues
Cloud technology is always prone to an outage and other technical issues. Even, the best cloud service provider
companies may face this type of trouble despite maintaining high standards of maintenance.

Security Threat in the Cloud

Another drawback while working with cloud computing services is security risk. Before adopting cloud
technology, you should be well aware of the fact that you will be sharing all your company's sensitive information
to a third-party cloud computing service provider. Hackers might access this information. 

Downtime
Downtime should also be considered while working with cloud computing. That's because your cloud provider
may face power loss, low internet connectivity, service maintenance, etc. 
Internet Connectivity
Good Internet connectivity is a must in cloud computing. You can't access cloud without an internet connection.
Moreover, you don't have any other way to gather data from the cloud. 

Lower Bandwidth
Many cloud storage service providers limit bandwidth usage of their users. So, in case if your organization
surpasses the given allowance, the additional charges could be significantly costly 

Lacks of Support
Cloud Computing companies fail to provide proper support to the customers. Moreover, they want their user to
depend on FAQs or online help, which can be a tedious job for non-technical persons.

P2 Design an appropriate architectural Cloud Computing framework for a given scenario.

There are so many small aspects of cloud computing that are really significant that it allows one to
consider much of the tiny elements in them when we want to understand and apply them. Such an aspect
is architecture; a technology is characterized by a decentralized perspective.
Components inherited from previous technologies and technology-dependent components are included.
Surgery is another significant feature connected to architecture.
Cloud management is important because it explains how to handle a cloud application and infrastructure
and the cloud-related quality of service (QoS) would form the basis for computing. Cloud and other, it-
based applications. Furthermore, transferring apps to the cloud plays a very important role because it is
not possible to deploy all apps directly to the cloud because the framework must be compatible and
compliant. The attributes of the cloud correlate.

 Cloud computing architectural

Cloud computing architecture refers to the components and subcomponents required for cloud
computing. These components typically consist of a front-end platform (fat client, thin client, mobile), back
end platforms (servers, storage), a cloud-based delivery, and a network (Internet, Intranet, Intercloud).
Combined, these components make up cloud computing architecture.
Cloud computing architectures consist of front-end platforms called clients or cloud clients. These clients
are servers, fat (or thick) clients, thin clients, zero clients, tablets and mobile devices that users directly
interact with. These client platforms interact with the cloud data storage via an application (middle ware),
via a web browser, or through a virtual session. Virtual sessions in particular require secure encryption
algorithm frame working which spans the entire interface.

 Cloud Architecture
Any technology model will need to have a solid foundation and have a good architecture to be able to
describe how the model works so that it can be clearly seen. Descriptive hierarchy of technology.
Cloud architecture is divided into four layers based on user access:
Layer 1 (Client / User)
The lowest layer: here all users or customers will appear, where the client / user starts connecting to the
cloud. The client can be any device that supports basic functions to access the web application. These
devices must be able to do independent work. A cloud application can be accessed in the same basic way
as a web application.
Layer 2 (Network)
At this layer users can connect to the cloud. The entire cloud infrastructure depends on this connection,
the services provided to customers will appear here. The public cloud will exist at a location and it can be
accessed worldwide. However, for private cloud cases, the connection will be provided by the local area
network (LAN). However, the cloud will still completely depend on the network being used. When
accessing the public or private cloud, users must have a minimum amount of bandwidth to use.
Layer 3 (Cloud Management)
Here the software used in cloud management will appear. These are cloud operating system (OS) software,
software that acts as the interface between the data center (the actual resource) and the user or
management software that allows resource management. It will often enable resource management and
internal cloud administration. This class will be within the scope of the SLA, the activities taking place will
affect the SLA, any delays in processing may be a violation in the SLA.
Layer 4 (Hardware Resource)
At this layer it will include the rules for actual hardware resources. In such cases as the public cloud, a data
center is used on the back. In a private cloud, too, whether it is a data center or a large collection of
interconnected hardware resources available at a specific location, a highly configurable system will appear
in the range of SLA. It is the most important class because it will dominate SLA and affect SLAs the most in
the case of data centers. Anytime users access the cloud will be available to users as quickly as possible and
must be within the period defined by the SLA. If there is any difference in providing resources or
applications, the service provider must pay a fine. Data center requirements include high-speed network
connection and highly efficient algorithm to transfer data from the data correctly.
There are 4 types of Cloud deployment model: - Public Cloud:
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+++

The Public Cloud Deployment Framework provides customers with the widest coverage of all cloud deployments.
Anyone that subscribes to this cloud platform can use the facilities remotely.

A digital cloud is operated and maintained by a variety of computing providers who set up data centers to offer
internet services.
Consumers who follow this cloud deployment model are not subject to any stress on infrastructure management
and system management issues. Yet at the same time they (the consumer) would have a low degree of cloud
access.

Amazon Web Services, Google Cloud, Microsoft Azure, and Salesforce.com are some of the most common public
clouds.

Figure 2: Public Cloud paradigm

+ Private cloud implementation doesn't have open access for anyone. This is mainly for corporate use, and

- Private Cloud:
private cloud implementation access is limited to the general public.

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 +  A private cloud is often referred to as an internal cloud, because it is structured to support the
organizations' internal purposes.
 +  Private cloud is the preferred solution for high-security and sensitive applications such as defense
organisations' systems.

Figure 3: Private Cloud paradigm

(Source: https://habitusnet.ch/vendor-driven-solutions/virtual-private-cloud/ )

- Community Cloud:

14
+

++

The Community Cloud Deployment Model offers access to a variety of community-owned organizations or
customers and the model is structured to serve a general, unique function. It is for the use of a group of individuals
or organizations that share common concerns about business functionality, security requirements, etc ..

This model helps multiple users belonging to a common group to share infrastructure and resources and thus is
cheaper compared to a private cloud.
Cloud implementation in the Group can be on-site or off-site.
(Source: http://akuinet.blogspot.com/2015/10/community-cloud-model.html )
In general, a hybrid cloud is created by integrating private or group installation with public cloud installation.

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 +  This architecture model supports companies by maintaining sensitive software and data to take
advantage of private or group cloud. It offers the cost-benefit at the same time there by maintaining shared
data and software on the public cloud..
 +  In fact, the hybrid cloud can be created by integrating two components from a series of five separate
cloud implementations such as private cloud on-site, private cloud off-site, community cloud on-site,
 community cloud off-site, and public cloud, mixing one of the first four implementations with the last one
(public cloud).

Figure 5: Hybrid Cloud paradigm

(Source: https://www.javatpoint.com/hybrid-cloud )

 Cloud deployment model proposed for the ATN:

- If we are positive about ATN's development and long-term progress in future, we will develop and display
private cloud implementation. Private cloud deployment meets the needs and only internal access to the database is
provided,

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and the high security of private cloud deployment would give the company peace of mind with respect to data
security. If opting to use a private cloud system, maybe the first thing to note is that the expense of participating in
the software will be relatively high relative to other cloud implementations.

 -  There is also another alternative which is successful, with lower investment costs than utilizing public
cloud implementations. The application management also focus on the provider and when the public cloud
is used, as a result of the fact that many network salespeople in datacenters store and operate Private Cloud
for the company. ATN can substantially reduce network security and maintenance. Nevertheless, the ATN
will have no influence over the cloud with Public Cloud, but it is appropriate to use it for ATN
management and extension.
 -  We can see that the public club is the perfect place to apply the ATN management model at the moment.