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    LAB # 12 Wheatstone Bridge and Ohmmeter: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Sardar Hamid ullah
    This document describes how to use a Wheatstone bridge circuit to measure an unknown resistance (Rx). The Wheatstone bridge balances two legs of a circuit by adjusting a variable resistor (R2) until no current flows through a galvanometer, indicating the bridge is balanced. At balance, the ratio of resistances in each leg is equal, allowing Rx to be calculated using the known resistances R1, R2, and R3. The procedure connects the circuit, varies R2 until the galvanometer reads zero voltage, then calculates and measures Rx to determine the accuracy of the measurement.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    LAB # 12 Wheatstone Bridge and Ohmmeter: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Sardar Hamid ullah
    63 views3 pages
    This document describes how to use a Wheatstone bridge circuit to measure an unknown resistance (Rx). The Wheatstone bridge balances two legs of a circuit by adjusting a variable resistor (R2) until no current flows through a galvanometer, indicating the bridge is balanced. At balance, the ratio of resistances in each leg is equal, allowing Rx to be calculated using the known resistances R1, R2, and R3. The procedure connects the circuit, varies R2 until the galvanometer reads zero voltage, then calculates and measures Rx to determine the accuracy of the measurement.

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    MI LAB12

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    This document describes how to use a Wheatstone bridge circuit to measure an unknown resistance (Rx). The Wheatstone bridge balances two legs of a circuit by adjusting a variable resistor (R2) until no current flows through a galvanometer, indicating the bridge is balanced. At balance, the ratio of resistances in each leg is equal, allowing Rx to be calculated using the known resistances R1, R2, and R3. The procedure connects the circuit, varies R2 until the galvanometer reads zero voltage, then calculates and measures Rx to determine the accuracy of the measurement.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    63 views3 pages

    LAB # 12 Wheatstone Bridge and Ohmmeter: Objective

    Uploaded by

    Sardar Hamid ullah
    This document describes how to use a Wheatstone bridge circuit to measure an unknown resistance (Rx). The Wheatstone bridge balances two legs of a circuit by adjusting a variable resistor (R2) until no current flows through a galvanometer, indicating the bridge is balanced. At balance, the ratio of resistances in each leg is equal, allowing Rx to be calculated using the known resistances R1, R2, and R3. The procedure connects the circuit, varies R2 until the galvanometer reads zero voltage, then calculates and measures Rx to determine the accuracy of the measurement.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    LAB # 12

    Wheatstone bridge and Ohmmeter


    Objective:
    To find out the value of unknown resistance of Wheatstone bridge.

    Introduction:
    A Wheatstone bridge is an electrical circuit used to measure an unknown electrical resistance by
    balancing two legs of a bridge circuit, one leg of which includes the unknown component. The
    primary benefit of the circuit is its ability to provide extremely accurate measurements (in
    contrast with something like a simple voltage divider),Its operation is similar to the original
    potentiometer.
    The Wheatstone bridge was invented by Samuel Hunter Christie (sometimes spelled "Christy")
    in 1833 and improved and popularized by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1843. One of the
    Wheatstone bridge's initial uses was for soils analysis and comparison.

    Circuit Diagram:

    In the figure, R, is the fixed, yet unknown, resistance to be measured.


    R1, R2, and R3 are resistors of known resistance and the resistance of R2 is adjustable. The
    resistance R2 is adjusted until the bridge is "balanced" and no current flows through the
    galvanometer Vg. At this point, the potential difference between the two midpoints (B and D)
    will be zero. Therefore the ratio of the two resistances in the known leg (R2 / R1) is equal to the
    ratio of the two resistances in the unknown leg (Rx, /R3). If the bridge is unbalanced, the
    direction of the current indicates whether R2 is too high or too low.
    At the point of balance, detecting zero current with a galvanometer can be done to extremely
    high precision. Therefore, if RI, R2, and R3 are known to high precision, then Rx, can be
    measured to high precision. Very small changes in Rx disrupt the balance and are readily
    detected. Alternatively, if R1, R2, and R3 are known, but R2 is not adjustable, the voltage
    difference across or current flow through the meter can be used to calculate the value of Rx using
    Kirchhoffs circuit laws. This setup is frequently used in strain gauge and resistance thermometer
    measurements, as it is usually faster to read a voltage level off a meter than to adjust a resistance
    to zero the voltage. The unknown resistance Rx is to be measured; resistances R1, R2 and R3 are
    known where R2 is adjustable. When the measured voltage VG is 0, both legs have equal voltage
    ratios: R2/R1 = Rx/R3 and Rx= R3R2/R1 .

    Apparatus Required:
     Bread board
     Connecting wires
     Resistors (1 MOhms,1 OKOhms)
     Potentiometer( 100KOhms)
     Multi-meter Power supply 10V

    Procedure:
    1. Make connections as given in the circuit.
    2. Carefully vary the value of potentiometer until the voltage is zero at multi-meter.
    3. Find out the calculated and measured values of resistance through formula and multi-
    meter respectively.
    4. Record the readings.
    5. Repeat the procedure for at least eight values.
    Observations and Calculations Table:

    Serial R2(variable) Rx(calculated) Rx(measured) voltages


    No ohms ohms ohms
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    6.
    7.
    8.

    Conclusion:
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