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LM390

LM390 1W Battery Operated Audio Power Amplifier

Literature Number: SNOSBU0A


LM390 1W Battery Operated Audio Power Amplifier
April 1995

LM390 1W Battery Operated Audio Power Amplifier


Y Self-centering output quiescent voltage
General Description Y Variable voltage gain
The LM390 Power Audio Amplifier is optimized for 6V, 7.5V, Y Low distortion
9V operation into low impedance loads. The gain is internal-
ly set at 20 to keep the external part count low, but the
Y Fourteen pin dual-in-line package
addition of an external resistor and capacitor between pins
2 and 6 wil increase the gain to any value up to 200. The Applications
inputs are ground referenced while the output is automati- Y AM-FM radio amplifiers
cally biased to one half the supply voltage. Y Portable tape player amplifiers
Y Intercoms
Features Y TV sound systems
Y Battery operation Y Lamp drivers
Y 1W output power Y Line drivers
Y Minimum external parts Ultrasonic drivers

e
Y

Y Excellent supply rejection Y Small servo drivers


Y Ground referenced input Y Power converters

Equivalent Schematic and Connection Diagrams

et Dual-In-Line Package
ol
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TL/H/7848 – 2
Order Number LM390N
See NS Package Number N14A
TL/H/7848 – 1
O

C1995 National Semiconductor Corporation TL/H/7848 RRD-B30M115/Printed in U. S. A.


Absolute Maximum Ratings
If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, Operating Temperature 0§ C to a 70§ C
please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Junction Temperature 150§ C
Office/Distributors for availability and specifications.
Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) 260§ C
Supply Voltage 10V
Thermal Resistance
Package Dissipation 14-Pin DIP (Note 1) 8.3W iJC 30§ C/W
Input Voltage g 0.4V iJA 79§ C/W
Storage Temperature b 65§ C to a 150§ C

Electrical Characteristics TA e 25§ C, (Figure 1)


Symbol Parameter Conditions Min Typ Max Units
VS Operating Supply Voltage 4 9 V
IQ Quiescent Current VS e 6V, VIN e 0 10 20 mA
POUT Output Power VS e 6V, RL e 4X, THD e 10% 0.8 1.0 W
AV Voltage Gain VS e 6V, f e 1 kHz 23 26 30 dB
10 mF from Pin 2 to 6 46 dB
BW Bandwidth VS e 6V, Pins 2 and 6 Open 300 kHz

e
THD Total Harmonic Distortion VS e 6V, RL e 4X, POUT e 500 mW
0.2 1 %
f e 1 kHz, Pins 2 and 6 Open
PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio VS e 6V, f e 1 kHz, CBYPASS e 10 mF,
Pins 2 and 6 Open, Referred to Output 50 dB

et
(Note 2)
RIN Input Resistance 10 50 kX
IBIAS Input Bias Current VS e 6V, Pins 7 and 8 Open 250 nA
Note 1: Pins 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 12 at 25§ C. Above 25§ C case, derate at 15§ C/W junction to case, or 85§ C/W junction to ambient.
Note 2: If load and bypass capacitor are returned to VS (Figure 2) , rather than ground (Figure 1) , PSRR is typically 30 dB.

Typical Performance Characteristics


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Power Supply Rejection Ratio
Maximum Device Dissipation Quiescent Supply Current vs (Referred to the Output) vs
vs Ambient Temperature Supply Voltage Frequency
bs
O

Peak-to-Peak Output Voltage


Swing vs Supply Voltage Voltage Gain vs Frequency Distortion vs Frequency

TL/H/7848 – 5

2
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)

Device Dissipation vs Device Dissipation vs


Distortion vs Output Power Output Power 4X Load Output Power 8X Load

TL/H/7848 – 6

Application Hints
Gain Control bypass the unused input, preventing degradation of gain
and possible instabilities. This is done with a 0.1 mF capaci-

e
To make the LM390 a more versatile amplifier, two pins (2
and 6) are provided for gain control. With pins 2 and 6 open, tor or a short to ground depending on the dc source resist-
the 1.35 kX resistor sets the gain at 20 (26 dB). If a capaci- ance on the driven input.
tor is put from pin 2 to 6, bypassing the 1.35 kX resistor, the Bootstrapping
gain will go up to 200 (46 dB). If a resistor is placed in series
The base of the output transistor of the LM390 is brought

et
with the capacitor, the gain can be set to any value from 20
out to pin 9 for Bootstrapping. The output stage of the am-
to 200. A low frequency pole in the gain response is caused
plifier during positive swing is shown in Figure 3 with its
by the capacitor working against the external resistor in se-
external circuitry.
ries with the 150X internal resistor. If the capacitor is elimi-
nated and a resistor connects pin 2 to 6 then the output dc R1 a R2 set the amount of base current available to the
level may shift due to the additional dc gain. Gain control output transistor. The maximum output current divided by
can also be done by capacitively coupling a resistor (or beta is the value required for the current in R1 and R2:
FET) from pin 6 to ground, as in Figure 7 . (VS/2) b VBE
(R1 a R2) e bO
ol
Additional external components can be placed in parallel IO MAX
with the internal feedback resistors to tailor the gain and Good design values are VBE e 0.7V and bO e 100.
frequency response for individual applications. For example,
Example 0.8 watt into 4X load with VS e 6V.
we can compensate poor speaker bass response by fre-

0
quency shaping the feedback path. This is done with a se- 2 PO
IO MAX e e 632 mA
ries RC from pin 6 to 13 (paralleling the internal 15 kX resis- RL
tor). For 6 dB effective bass boost: R j 15 kX, the lowest
# J
(6/2) b 0.7
bs
value for good stable operation is R e 10 kX if pin 2 is (R1 a R2) e 100 e 364X
0.632
open. If pins 2 and 6 are bypassed then R as low as 2 kX
can be used. This restriction is because the amplifier is only To keep the current in R2 constant during positive swing
compensated for closed-loop gains greater than 9 V/V. capacitor CB is added. As the output swings positive CB lifts
R1 and R2 above the supply, maintaining a constant voltage
Input Biasing across R2. To minimize the value of CB, R1 e R2. The pole
The schematic shows that both inputs are biased to ground due to CB and R1 and R2 is usually set equal to the pole
with a 50 kX resistor. The base current of the input transis- due to the output coupling capacitor and the load. This
tors is about 250 nA, so the inputs are at about 12.5 mV gives:
when left open. If the dc source resistance driving the 4Cc C
j c
O

LM390 is higher than 250 kX it will contribute very little CB j


bO 25
additional offset (about 2.5 mV at the input, 50 mV at the
Example: for 100 Hz pole and RL e 4X; Cc e 400 mF and
output). If the dc source resistance is less than 10 kX, then
CB e 16 mF, if R1 is made a diode and R2 increased to give
shorting the unused input to ground will keep the offset low
the same current, CB can be decreased by about a factor of
(about 2.5 mV at the input 50 mV at the output). For dc
4, as in Figure 4 .
source resistances between these values we can eliminate
excess offset by putting a resistor from the unused input to For reduced component count the load can replace R1. The
ground, equal in value to the dc source resistance. Of value of (R1 a R2) is the same, so R2 is increased. Now CB
course all offset problems are eliminated if the input is ca- is both the coupling and the bootstrapping capacitor (see
pacitively coupled. Figure 2 ).
When using the LM390 with higher gains (bypassing the
1.35 kX resistor between pins 2 and 6) it is necessary to

3
Typical Applications

TL/H/7848 – 4
TL/H/7848 – 3
FIGURE 1. Load Returned to Ground FIGURE 2. Load Returned to Supply
(Amplifier with Gain e 20) (Amplifier with Gain e 20)

e
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ol
TL/H/7848 – 7
FIGURE 3
bs
TL/H/7848 – 8
FIGURE 4. Amplifier with Gain e 200 and Minimum CB
O

TL/H/7848 – 9
FIGURE 5. 2.5W Bridge Amplifier

4
Typical Applications (Continued)

TL/H/7848 – 11
FIGURE 6(b). Frequency Response
TL/H/7848 – 10 with Bass Boost
FIGURE 6(a). Amplifier with Bass Boost

e
et
ol
bs

TL/H/7848 – 12
FIGURE 7. Intercom
O

TL/H/7848 – 13
FIGURE 8. AM Radio Power Amplifier
Note 1: Twist supply lead and supply ground very tightly. Note 4: R1C1 band limits input signals.
Note 2: Twist speaker lead and ground very tightly. Note 5: All components must be spaced very close to IC.
Note 3: Ferrite bead is Ferroxcube K5-001-001/3B with 3 turns of wire.

5
LM390 1W Battery Operated Audio Power Amplifier
Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters)

e
Molded Dual-In-Line Package (N)
Order Number LM390N
See NS Package Number N14A

et
ol
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LIFE SUPPORT POLICY

NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT
DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF NATIONAL
O

SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein:

1. Life support devices or systems are devices or 2. A critical component is any component of a life
systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant support device or system whose failure to perform can
into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life
failure to perform, when properly used in accordance support device or system, or to affect its safety or
with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can effectiveness.
be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury
to the user.

National Semiconductor National Semiconductor National Semiconductor National Semiconductor


Corporation Europe Hong Kong Ltd. Japan Ltd.
1111 West Bardin Road Fax: (a49) 0-180-530 85 86 13th Floor, Straight Block, Tel: 81-043-299-2309
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National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.
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