DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

ADITYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT

(Approved By AICTE, Permanently Affiliated to JNTU, Kakinada)

(AUTONOMOUS)
K.KOTTURU, TEKKALI-532201
 Drowsiness Detection using
Eye blink Sensors

PROJECT GUIDE:
Sri. V.Lokesh Raju M.E TEAM MEMBERS:
KOLLI KOTESHWAR RAO (19A51AO429)
Assoc.Prof SAKALABHAKTULA BHUMIKA (19A51A0453)
PATINA PURNACHANDRA RAO (19A51A0441)
DASARI SUNIL (19A51A0412)
 ABSTRACT

➢ As we already know percentage of people having their

own vehicles is increasing day by day not only own
vehicles remaining categories of vehicles like taxis ,
luggage transporters and so on.
➢ That implies count of vehicles on the roads also get
increased and travelling time also increased whether it
may be during day hours or night hours
➢ There might be a chance that people may feel
drowiness then there will be high chances of accidents
in order to avoid this problem we came up with a
solution “ANTI SLEEP ALARM GLASSES
 Introduction
Drivers driving with drowsiness are one of the major factors for causing road accidents. The
danger, risk and other tragic factors results of drowsy driving are alarming. Drowsy driving is
the harmful combination of sleepiness, fatigue or continuous driving. This usually happens
when a driver has not slept enough time, but it can also happen because of lack of attention,
medications, sleep disorder, drinking alcohol or based on shift work. They cannot predict
when sleep can come through their body, Even though falling asleep behind the wheel is
dangerous but being sleepy affect the said person’s ability to drive safely even if they are not
falling asleep. It is estimated that one among every 20 drivers have fallen asleep while driving.
The main person who are susceptible to drowsy driving can be Truck drivers, Bus drivers who
are in for a long 10-12 hours’ drive. These persons are more dangerous to other drivers than
they are to themselves. This is due to the fact that large vehicles can cause more harm to
small
vehicles like car, Bi-cycle, Bikes etc.
Some Of The Impact Of Drowsiness In Driving Are:
1. The lack of reaction time on awareness of hazards and sustaining attention makes the driver
worsen due to the drowsiness.
2. The continuous driving for more than 20 hours without sleep or rest is equivalent to the
driving with blood alcohol concentration of 0.08%.
It causes three times more likely to be in a car crash iff fatigued. Some drivers might not even
know that he or she is fatigued since drowsiness is difficult to identify. Some drivers also
experience mini sleep. Which are short, involuntary periods of inattention. But this is
dangerous as the short 4-5 seconds can cause great harm and danger. More than 1.5 lakh
people have lost their life due to Road accidents. The Ministry of Road Accidents in India
which shows a daily average of 1280 crashes and 417 deaths which roughly means that 53
crashes and 17 deaths per hour. To prevent such accidents Safety measures devices can be
provided. The vehicles should be assisted with auto-mated safety system which alerts driver
by providing required safety measures to the devices. The vehicles should be assisted with
auto-mated safety system which alerts driver using eye blink sensor. The variation across the
eye gets varied based on eye blink. It results in high output if the eye is closed else it results in
low if the eye is opened. Arduino takes the input and provides output in the form of alarm or
button sound
 LITERATURE SURVEY
These are some of the existing models or devices in usage in the present-day situation,
they are: .
➢1] Alert Driver
•It Monitors eye droop, pupil occlusion and eye closure via a camera. It Uses image
neural nets, fuzzy logic to locate subject’s eyes. Is also model-based.
•It is not yet commercially available and is manufactured by Future Technology and
Health, USA
➢2] Eyeputer
•It records eye movements via corneal reflection technique
•It is used by NASA, European Space Agency, RENAULT, Institute of Neurology (London)
etc., for research
➢3] CoPiolet
•It detects percentage of time eyes are closed over a specified time intervalvia
infrared camera system
•It is being evaluated in a variety of research settings including simulator and on-road
scenarios. US Patent obtained commercialisation is under negotiation
•It is supplied by Driving Research Centre,USA
Existing system

Mostly the existing system consists of camera which is fixed in front of the driver. It
detects
the driver’s face and eye in order to find whether he is drowsy or not. But while face
in
front of the driver it blocks the frontal view of the driver. Thus, it can cause more
difficulties
while driving. So, this System is not advisable. More-over it shows different results
based on
the position of the eye. When the eye is in uplink position the result shows 80%
accuracy
while downlink position the result falls to 55% accuracy. It states that the cv only
detects 40%
of face of the driver whereas in oblique position it fails. Also, the existing system is n
suitable for heavy and large vehicles. In order to overcome this dilemma, we have
prepared a
new detection system of this project.
 Components

• 1.Eye blink Sensor

• 2. Arduino Nano
• 3. Battery
• 4. Buzzer
• 5. Glass
 Eye Blink SENSOR
• The IR sensor is used as a eye
blink sensor which helps to
detect the eye blink of the
driver.
• The IR Sensor consists of infra-
red transmitter and received
by the IR receiver .The
• Transmitter and receiver are
fixed in the glass parallel to
each other.
Aurdino Nano

• Arduino Nano is a open source

electronic platform. It is easy to use and
it works as both
• hardware and software. The boards can
able to read the inputs and convert it
into output. The
• Arduino works by connecting using USB
connecting using USB cable to the
computer, Here
• Arduino Nano is being used in the
proposed system as its working are
similar to Arduino
• Nano and its smaller in size,
compatible and breadboard friendly
• It detects the eye movement of the
driver and the eye variation are
noted. The noted variations
• are taken as input by the Arduino and
produces the output. If the eyes are
closed, the output
• will be high otherwise the output will
be low and it alerts the driver by
giving a buzzer system.
 BATTERY
• The Battery is used for providing power
supply.The Battery is connected to the Arduino
power
• Board of the sensor and used for the purpose
of proving +9v power supply.The Battery is
very
• important as it is used in the working of the
drowsiness detection system
 Buzzer
• The Buzzer is used for the purpose of giving an alarm helps to
alert the driver if he/she is
• sleepy. The buzzer is in connection with the IR sensor. When the
driver exceeds a particular
• time limit upon which he/she has been blinking then the buzzer
gives up a buzz/alarm to let
• the driver know that he/she is sleepy.
• When the vehicle is about to be started it is very important to
make sure that the buzzer is
• functioning properly because if the buzzer is mal-functional then
it won’t give out a buzz
• .Thus even if the driver blink a lot or is drowsy he won’t be given
a alert which in turn will
• make the driver assume that he is not drowsy which can be fatal.
 GLASS
• The Glass is the most important apparatus in
the IR sensor. The driver must wear the glass
• which consists of a transmitter -receiver .The
transmitter is connected to the right end of the
• the glass while the receiver is connected to the
left end of the glass. The Transmitter send a IR
• signal to the receiver. When the driver blink the
signal is cut off. The time duration is
• measured and if the driver eyes are closed for
more than a particular duration signal is sent to
• the buzzer which then let a buzz to alert the
driver.
 METHODOLOGY

Our work divides into:

➢ Software: We put the circuit design of the anti sleep alarm glass
made simulations and then we did the programming part.
➢ Hardware: We brought the circuit components together and
connected them.
➢ 1. Designing the circuit and preparing the components needed
➢ 2. Making a simulations for the design
➢ 3. Bringing circuit components together and connecting them
➢ 4. Writing the Arduino code
➢ 5. Project finishing, designing a Anti sleep alarm glass
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 Working

• We use a Nano -Arduino which is connected to the optical

glass and buzzer chip which is
connected to the battery is fixed on the other side .The Ground
wire which is connected from
Buzzer to Arduino of the D2 Pin. From the eye Blink Sensor the
wire is connected to
the A2 Pin. After giving the connection the code is generated in
the system when we blink the
sensor detects from Transmitter-receiver. Such that the sensor
drowsiness can be detected.
Comparative Analysis
 ADVANTAGES
• This detection method is very applicable to
any kind of vehicles. It can be used for
commercial
• vehicles. This system is very efficient for heavy
vehicles, since the drivers have long driving
• periods. This system is very efficient for heavy
vehicles. Since the drivers face the issue of
• long driving periods. This system helps to
avoid vehicle crashes related to drowsiness.
Conclusion And Future work
• The drowsiness detection is used for detecting drowsiness in rapid
manner. This system
• prevents the driver from the fall of sleepiness state while driving. The
buzzer alerts the driver
• if the eyes are closed for some seconds which can be modified in the code.
This paper is
• actually made for safety of the drivers from accidents due to drowsiness. It
can be
• implemented in all kind of vehicles.
• As a future work, this system can be developed with some modification
that detects
• comma patients whether they recovered from it. This system can be
implemented in cars also.
• It may focus on the utilization of other outer factors like sleeping hours,
vehicle state, weather
• conditions, and mechanical data for fatigue measurements.
 REFERENCES

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• [Accessed: 11-Apr-2018].
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