ENVIORNMENTAL EDUCATION & DISASTER

MANAGEMENT
SPVC PRACTICE TEST SERIES
P.R.S EDUCATIONAL TRUST
MODULE-I
 ENVIORNMENTAL EDUCATION & DISASTER MANAGEMENT
MODULE- I
Environment, Ecology & Biodiversity
Multiple Choice Questions
1. Which of the following is a biodiversity hotspot in India?
[A] Eastern Himalayas
[B] Eastern Ghats
[C] Western Rajasthan
[D] None of the above
2. The most potent greenhouse gas among the following is __?
[A] Carbon dioxide
[B] Methane
[C] Water Vapor
[D] Ozone
3. Which among the following is the first national park of India?
[A] Bandipur
[B] Corbett
[C] Periyar
[D] Keoladeo
4. Which among the following is the upper limit of sound advice of Central Pollution
Control Board (CPCB) for residential areas?
[A] 55 Decibels
[B] 60 Decibels
[C] 75 Decibels
[D] 90 Decibels
5. The natural place of an organism or community is known as
A. Niche
B. Biome
C. Habitat
D. Habit
6. Which is the renewable exhaustible natural energy resource?
A. Coal
B. Petroleum
C. Kerosene
D. Biomass
7. Plants growing under direct sunlight are known as
A. Heliophytes
B. Sciophytes
C. Psamophytes
D. Dicots
8. Plants growing under shade are known as
A. Psamophytes
B. Sciophytes
C. Heliophytes
D. Monocots
9. Which statement is correct with respect to the food chain?
A. Every component of food chain forms trophic level
B. Inter-relation between different food chains is known as a food web
C. All the chains formed by nutritional relations is used to understand energy flow.
D. All of the above
10. Which is not the characteristic of a population?
A. Natality
B. Mortality
C. Stratification
D. Sex ratio
11. The ratio between energy flow at different points in a food chain is known as
A. Ecological capacity
B. Ecological efficiency
C. Ecological assimilation
D. Ecological potential
12. Which of the following type of forest occupies the largest area in India?
A. Tropical Moist Deciduous Forest
B. Sub-tropical Dry Evergreen Forest
C. Montane Wet Temperate Forest
D. Tropical Wet Evergreen Forest
13. In which type of forests does Sundari tree belong?
A. Tropical Evergreen forests
B. Tropical Thorn forests and scrubs
C. Tropical Deciduous forests
D. Mangrove forests
14. Which part of the Himalayas are covered with dense forest?
A. Southern
B. Northern
C. Eastern
D. Western
15. A very large ecosystem on land having distinct type of vegetation and wildlife is
called?
A. Ecology
B. Biome
C. Biodiversity
D. Biosphere reserve
16. Which of the following country has the highest biodiversity?
A. India
B. Brazil
C. Russia
D. South Africa
17. Which of the following features is not related to the Biodiversity hot spots?
A. Large number of species
B. Abundance of endemic species
C. Large number of exotic species
D. Destruction of habitat
18. Temperate forests occur
(A) Above 1800 m altitude
(B) Above 4000 m altitude
(C) Below 1000 m altitude
(D) Below 2000 m altitude
19. An example for carnivore is
(A) Cow
(B) Goat
(C) Deer
(D) Tiger
20. All the green plants are called
(A) Decomposers
(B) Tertiary consumers
(C) Consumers
(D) Producers
21. Wild asses are confined to
(A) Nilgiri hills
(B) Sunderbans
(C) Ran of Kutch
(D) Gir forest
22. What is Biodiversity
a) It is environmental science
c) It is varieties of life on earth
b) It is subject in biology
d) is distinction in biology subject
23. In some areas there is an exceptionally high level of biodiversity and this area is
called as __________.
a) cold spot
b) hot spots
c) population spot
d) none of above
24. Some species are very rare and can be found in a particular ecosystem, these species
are called_______________
a) extinct species
b) special species
c) endemic species
d) pandemic species
25. ___________biodiversity related to habitat in an area?
a) Genetic
b) Ecosystem
c) Species
d) All of above
26. Below is not the threat to biodiversity
a) Pollution
b) Cell phones
c) High human population
d) Natural calamities
27. Below is one of the reasons for the loss of biodiversity
a) Eating more food by humans
b) Global ecosystem
c) Drinking more water by humans
d) Exotic species
28. The largest number of individuals of a population that the environment can support.
a) denitrification
b) carrying capacity
c) primary succession
d) mutualism
29. Below is not a part of biodiversity
a) Humans
b) cell phone
c) monkey
d) birds
30. The number of species in a specific area in give time is known as __________.
a) species domination
b) species richness
c) species evenness
d) species ecosystem domination
31. The measure of numerically dominated by one species or similar numbers of
individuals in particular ecosystem is known as _______________.
a) species domination
b) species richness
c) species evenness
d) species ecosystem domination
32. The term ecosystem was first coined by AG Tinsley in ________
a) 1935
b) 1937
c) 1936
d) 1938
33. Below is the type of Ecosystem biodiversity
a) Aquatic
b) Desert
c) Terrestrial
d) All of above
34. Which species provide highest medicine?
a) Animal
b) viruses
c) plants
d) fungi
35. How many types of biodiversity conservation
a) 2
b) 4
c) 3
d) 5
36. Human threats to biodiversity include:
a) Population growth
b) Pollution
c) Habitat destruction
d) All of the above
37. How many types of biodiversity
a) 3
b) 5
c) 4
d) 6
38. Which is not the type of biodiversity
a) Species
b) Population
c) Ecosystem
d) Genetic
39. Following are the main dangers for the biodiversity?
a) Deforestation
b) Pollution
c) Agriculture
d) All of above
40. ___________emissions from various industries responsible for global warming and
the disruption of species biodiversity
a) Sulfur dioxide
b) Chlorin
c) Nitrous dioxide
d) Carbon dioxide
41. Biodiversity does not contribute to following
a) Food
b) Fuel
c) Cloth
d) Wifi internet
42. How to preserve biodiversity?
a) By preventing deforestation
b) By reducing waste
c) By protecting species
d) all of above
43. The protection, management and preservation of genetic diversity, species and
ecosystems is called _________
a) Restoration of biodiversity
b) conservation of biodiversity
c) management of biodiversity
d) destruction of biodiversity
44. Acid rains are produced by
(a) excess NO2 and SO2 from burning fossil fuels
(b) excess production of NH3 by industry and coal gas
© excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion
(d) excess formation of CO2 by combustion and animal respiration.
45. Which one is not a pollutant normally?
(a) hydrocarbon
(b) carbon dioxide
© carbon monoxide
(d) sulphur dioxide.
46. The upper part of sea/aquatic ecosystem contains
(a) plankton
(b) nekton
© plankton and nekton
(d) benthos.
47. A mutually beneficial association necessary for the survival of both partners is
(a) mutualism/symbiosis
(b) commensalism
© amensalism
(d) both A and B.
48. What is true of the ecosystem?
(a) primary consumers are least dependent upon producers
(b) primary consumers out-number producers
© producers are more than primary consumers
(d) secondary consumers are the largest and most powerful.
49. in an ecosystem, which one shows the one-way passage
(a) free energy
(b) carbon
© nitrogen
(d) potassium.
50. Greenhouse effect is warming due to
(a) infra-red rays reaching the earth
(b) moisture layer in the atmosphere
© increase in temperature due to increase in carbon dioxide concentration of atmosphere
(d) the ozone layer of atmosphere.
51. Soil conservation is
(a) conversion of sterile soil into fertile one
(b) aeration of soil
© erosion of soil
(d) protection against loss.
52. Major aerosol pollutant in jet plane emission is
(a) sulphur dioxide
(b) carbon monoxide
© methane
(d) fluorocarbon.
53. Gas released during Bhopal tragedy was
(a) methyl isocyanate
(b) potassium isothiocyanate
© sodium isothiocyanate
(d) ethyl isothiocyante.
54. Deforestation will decrease
(a) soil erosion
© soil fertility
(b) land slides
(d) rainfall.
55. Pyramid of numbers in a grassland/tree ecosystem
(a) always inverted
(b) always upright
© both (a) and (b)
(d) spindle-shaped.
56. Domestic waste constitutes
(a) nonbiodegradable pollution
(b) biodegradable pollution
© effluents
(d) air pollution
57. Acid rain is due to an increase in atmospheric concentration of
(a) ozone and dust
(b) CO2 and CO
© SO2 and CO
(d) SO2 and NO2.
58. A non-renewable resource is
(a) non-renewable nonconventional energy source
(b) non-renewable conventional energy source
© renewable nonconventional energy source
(d) renewable conventional energy source.
59. Renewable source of energy is
(a) biomass
(b) coal
© petroleum
(d) kerosene.
60. Homeostasis is
(a) the tendency of biological systems to change with change in environment
(b) tendency of biological systems to resist change
© disturbance of self-regulatory system and natural controls
(d) biotic materials used in homoeopathic medicines.
61. Biodiversity is a measure of variation at the ___ level.
(A) genetic
(B) species
(C) ecosystem
(D) all of the above
62. Terrestrial biodiversity is usually greater near the ___ .
(A) north pole
(B) south pole
(C) equator
(D) tropic of cancer
63. The tropical forest ecosystems cover less than 10 percent of earth’s surface, and
contain about ___ percent of the world’s species.
(A) 30
(B) 50
(C) 70
(D) 90
64. The age of earth is about ___ billion years.
(A) 3.04
(B) 3.54
(C) 4.05
(D) 4.54
65. Following is usually measured at the species diversity level.
(A) ecological diversity
(B) taxonomic diversity
(C) morphological diversity
(D) functional diversity
66. Diversity of all living things depends on
(A) geography
(B) presence of other species
(C) soils
(D) all of the above
67. Which of the following is true
(A) land has more species than the ocean
(B) ocean has more species than the land
(C) land and ocean has almost equal number of species
(D) not yet known
68. Provisioning services
(A) involve the production of renewable services
(B) are those that lessen environmental change
(C) represent human value and enjoyment
(D) all of the above
69. Biodiversity is directly involved in
(A) water purification
(B) recycling nutrients
(C) providing fertile soil
(D) all of the above
70. Following step(s) can conserve the forest cover
(A) prevent forest fire
(B) prevention of overgrazing by cattle
(C) hunting and poaching should be banned
(D) all of the above
71. Most stable ecosystem is
(a) Forest
(b) Desert
(c) Ocean
(d) Mountain
72. Which of the following statement about the forest is not correct
(a) Forest reduces soil erosion
(b) Provides recreational opportunities
(c) Provides economic development
(d) None of the above
73. Study of trends in human population growth and prediction of future growth is
called
(a) Demography
(b) Biography
(c) palaeography
(d) psychology
74. Which of the following is not a method of water conservation
(a) rain water harvesting
(b) ground water extraction
(c) improving irrigation efficiency
(d) avoiding water wastage
75. Formation of ozone is
(a) oxidation reaction
(b) oxidation reaction
(c) photochemical reaction
(d) photochemical reaction
76. The drop in air temperature at a rate of 6.50 C per 1000 m increase in altitude of
troposphere is known as
(a) Environmental lapse rate
(b) Environmental degradation
(c) Greenhouse effect
(d) Global warming
77. Zone consisting air, water and soil is known as
(a) Hydrosphere
(b) Atmosphere
(c) Lithosphere
(d) Biosphere
78. Nitrogen gets oxidized into
(a) Nitrates and ammonia
(b) Ammonia and urea
(c) Urea and nitrite
(d) Nitrates and nitrites
79. Earthworms and bacteria are called
(a) Producers
(b) Consumers
(c) Decomposers
(d) None of these
80. Region where fresh water meets salt water is called
(a) Sea
(b) Lake
(c) River
(d) Estuarine
81. The Ecological pyramid that is always upright
(a) Pyramid of energy
(b) Pyramid of biomass
(c) Pyramid of number
(d) None of these
82. 5th June is observed as
(a) World forest day
(b) World environment day
(c) World wildlife day
(d) World population day
83. 21st March is observed as
(a) World forest day
(b) World environment day
(c) World wildlife day
(d) World population day
84. Important abiotic factors in ecosystems include which of the following?
(a) temperature
(b) water
(c) wind
(d) all of the above
85. The term Environment is derived from an old French word “enviro” means
(a) Outside
(b) Surroundings
(c) Inside
(d) Biotic community
86. Hydrosphere includes
(a) Animals
(b) Soil
(c) Plants
(d) Water bodies
87. Atmosphere may extents to a height of about following kms above the earth surface
(a) 80 km
(b) 8000 km
(c) 800 km
(d) 8 km
88. The layers of atmosphere consists of
(a) Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere and Temperature
(b) Hydrosphere and biosphere
(c) Lithosphere and Hydrosphere
(d) Biosphere and Hydrosphere
89. Lowest layer of atmosphere is called
(a) Thermosphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Troposphere
(d) Mesosphere
90. The layer of atmosphere containing much of ozone gas is
(a) Thermosphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Troposphere
(d) Troposphere
91. The layer which provides ideal site for flying of jet planes is
(a) Thermosphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Troposphere
92. The three major living components of an ecosystem are
(a) Producers, consumers and Decomposers
(b) Producers, Autotrophs and Decomposers
(c) Heterotrophs, Consumers and Reducers
(d) Detritivores, Consumers and Phototrophs
93. The green plants are also called
(a) Producers
(b) Consumers
(c) Reducers
(d) Detritivores
94. The most important organisms of an ecosystem are
(a) Herbivores
(b) Producers
(c) Carnivores
(d) Protozoon
95. Consumers are also called
(a) Photoautotrophs
(b) Saprotrophs
(c) Heterotrophs
(d) Reducers
96. Sequence of eating and being eaten in a ecosystem is called
(a) Food web
(b) Natural cycle
(c) Ecological Pyramid
(d) Food chain
97. Nutrients are recycled in ecosystem by
(a) Biogeochemical cycle
(b) Energy flow
(c) Producers
(d) Consumers
98. Food chain always starts with
(a) Respiration
(b) Transpiration
(c) Nitrogen fixation
(d) Photosynthesis
99. The loss of water from plants and tree leaves is called
(a) Precipitation
(b) Respiration
(c) Evaporation
(d) Transpiration
100. Chipko movement was started to conserve
(a) Forests
(b) Grasslands
(c) Deserts
(d) Soil