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Module 1 Q & A

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
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Module 1 Q & A

Uploaded by

astrospace369
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
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MODULE-I: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

1. The term Environment has been derived from the French word which means to encircle or surround
a) Environ b) Oikos c) Geo d) Aqua

2. The term environment was introduced by


a) Jacob Van Verkul b) Tyler Miller c) Gilbertson d) Eugene P Odum

3. Environment is the life support system that includes


a) Air b) Water c) Land d) All of the above

4. The objective of environmental education is


a) Raise consciousness about environmental conditions
b) To teach environmentally appropriate behavior
c) Create an environmental ethic
d) All of the above

5. Which of the following conceptual spheres of the environment is having the least storage capacity for
matter?
a) Atmosphere b) Lithosphere c) Hydrosphere d) Biosphere

6. Which of the following components of the environment are effective transporters of matter?
a) Atmosphere and Hydrosphere b) Atmosphere and Lithosphere
c) Hydrosphere and Lithosphere d) Biosphere and Lithosphere

7. Amount of CO2 content in atmospheric air is normally


a) 0.21% b) 0.416% c) 0.318% d) 0.428%

8. About…………. % of the earth is covered by water


a) 53% b) 19% c) 71% d) 33%

9. Percentage of fresh water available on earth is


a) 2.8 % b) 2.2% c) 0.6 % d) 2.15 %

10. Among fresh water availability on earth, the percentage of groundwater is about
a) 0.2% b) 0.5% c) 0.8% d) 1.0%

11. The rain forms represented by snow, dew, fog and mist is known as
a) Dry deposition b) wet deposition c) acid rain d) none

12. The temperature in the stratosphere ranges between


a) 250 C to 550 C b) -560 C to -20 C c) 100 C to -50 C d) none

13. Troposphere mainly consists of


a) CO2 b) H2 c) O3 d) O2 and N2

14. The volume of nitrogen present in the troposphere is


a) 85% b) 78% c) 21% d) 5%

15. Inverse condition is the


a) Increase in temperature with altitude b) Decrease in temperature with altitude
c) Increase in temperature with latitude d) Decrease in temperature with latitude

16. Carbon content is higher (19.4%) in


a) Soil b) atmosphere c) water d) living matter
17. Atmosphere consists of 79 per cent Nitrogen and 21 per cent Oxygen by
a) Volume b) Weight c) Density d) All the three

18. The major atmospheric gas layer in stratosphere is


a) Hydrogen b) Carbon dioxide c) Ozone d) Helium

19. UV-C radiation lies in the region


a) 0-100 nm b) 100-280 nm c) 280-315nm d) 315-400 nm

20. Which atmospheric sphere is closest to the earth surface?


a) Troposphere b) Stratosphere c) Mesosphere d) Exosphere

21. The largest reservoir of nitrogen in our planet is


a) Oceans b) Atmosphere c) biosphere d) Fossil fuels

22. Which among the components is termed as a life zone on the earth?
a) Atmosphere b) Hydrosphere c) Biosphere d) Stratosphere

23. Biosphere is
a) The solid shell of inorganic materials or the surface of the earth
b) The thin Shell of organic matter on the surface of earth comprising of all the living things
c) The sphere which occupies the maximum volume of all the spheres
d) All of the above

24. Loss of water content through plants into atmosphere is called


a) Evaporation b) Transpiration c) Vaporization d) Hydraulic cycle

25. Which of the following is absorbed by green plants from the atmosphere?
a) Carbon dioxide b) Water c) Nutrients d) All of above

26. The word Ecology is proposed by


a) Ernst Haeckel b) Helena Curtis c) Charles Southwick d) Charles Alton

27. The science that deals with the relationship of various organisms with their environment is known as
a) economics b) geology c) ecology d) anthropology

28. Habitat refers to


a) Physical conditions of the place where organisms live c) Both a & b
b) Chemical conditions of the place where organisms live d) None of the above

29. Which of the following is a biotic component of an ecosystem?


a) Fungi b) Solar light c) Temperature d) Humidity

30. In an ecosystem, the flow of energy is


a) Bi-directional b) Cyclic c) Unidirectional d) Multidirectional

31. Which Pyramid is always upright?


a) Energy b) Biomass c) Producers d) Food chain

32. The organisms who directly feed on producers are called


a) Herbivores b) Carnivores c) Decomposers d) Saprophytes

33. The sequence of eating and being eaten in an ecosystem is called


a) Food Chain b) Carbon cycle c) Hydrological cycle d) Anthropogenic system
34. Which of the below is a producer in an ecosystem?
a) Plants and some bacteria capable of producing their own food
b) Animals c) Human beings d) Fish

35. In aquatic ecosystem phytoplankton can be considered as a


a) Consumer b) Producer c) Saprophytic organisms d) Macro consumer

36. The basic requirements of human beings are provided by


a) Industrialization b) Agriculture c) Nature d) Urbanization

37. In an ecosystem biological cycling of materials is maintained by


a) Producer b) Consumer c) Decomposer d) All of the above

38. Organisms which feed directly or indirectly on producers are called


a) Prey b) Consumers c) Decomposers d) Detritus

39. The primary producers in a forest ecosystem are


a) Chlorophyll containing trees and plants b) Herbivores
c) Carnivores d) Bacteria and other micro-organisms

40. Abiotic components include


a) Soil b) Temperatures c) Water d) All the above

41. Which of the fo1lowing is true?


a) Green plants are self nourishing b) Producers depends on consumers
c) Biotic components includes all nonliving components d) Herbivores depend on Carnivores

42. A predator is
a) An animal that is fed upon b) An animal that feeds upon another animal
c) Animal that feeds upon both plants and animals d) A primary consumer

43. Which among the following is a climatic factor?


a) Pressure b) Humidity c) Temperature d) All of the above

44. Which of the following is the terrestrial ecosystem?


a) Forest b) Grass land c) Desert d) All of the above

45. Ecological pyramids are studies of


a) Pyramid of numbers b) Pyramid of biomass c) Pyramid of energy d) All of the above

46. Factors responsible for balanced ecosystem are


a) Balance between predator and prey b) Balance between vegetation, herbivores and
carnivorous
c) Balance between competing species and biotic factors d) All of the above

47. A food web consists of


a) A portion of a food chain b) an organisms position in a food chain
c) Interlocking food chains d) a set of similar consumers

48. Which of the following statements are true?


a) Man is not dependent on nature
b) Resources are unlimited, so one can use them as per ones wish
c) Energy can be convened from one form to another, but some percentage is lost into the
Environment
d) Matter can be generated afresh. It need not be recycled or reused.

49. Which of the following is not a desirous chemical in a good habitat?


a) Oxygen b) Carbon di-oxide c) Sulphur di-oxide d) Nutrients

50. An ecosystem is a region in which


a) Dead organism interact with their environment
b) Living organism do not interact with their environment
c) Living organism interact with their environment
d) All these

51. The perfect equilibrium existing in the biosphere between the various organisms is known as
a) Environmental balance b) Ecological Balance c) Ecological cycle d) None of these

52. The term ecosystem was first proposed by


a) Jacob Van Verkul b) A.G. Tansley c) Costana d) Marie Gibbs

53. The two major components of ecosystem are


a) Adiabatic & isotropic b) Ecological & climatological
c) Cyclic & biologic d) Abiotic & biotic

54. Biotic components include


a) All living organisms b) Water, minerals and gases
c) Self-nourishing green plants d) Light, temperature, etc

55. Food chain is divided into _______________ basic categories


a) Four b) Three c) Five d) Seven

56. The transfer of energy and nutrients from one feeding group of organisms to another in a series is
called
a) Energy chain b) Food chain c) Balanced ecosystem d) Food web

57. A simple food chain starts with


a) green plants b) waste of organisms and dead organisms
c) both of these d) none of these

58. In a food chain humans are


a) Primary consumers b) Secondary consumers
c) Primary and secondary consumers d) Producers

59. Tendency of pollutants to become concentrated in successive trophic levels is known as


a) Bioremediation b) Biomagnifications c) Biopiracy d) Biorhythm

60. Social security is one of the most important programs providing benefits to
a) Worker/employee b) Un-employed c) Families of deceased d) All of these

61. Anthropological activities means


a) Natural activities b) Bacterial activities c) Wild animal activities d) Human activities

62. Which of the following conditions must be fulfilled to ensure food security?
a) Food must be available b) Each person must have access to it
c) Food utilized/consumed must fulfill nutritional requirements. d) all of the above

63. Economic security is measured on the basis of


a) Income b) Labour market and Employment c) Work, Job and Skills d) All of the above
64. Socio-economic security in environmental aspects involves
a) Fairness & equity in distribution costs for complete existing generation
b) Welfare of the present generation
c) Intra and inter generational equity of resources
d) All of the above

65. The government of India adopted the National Housing Habitat policy in
a) 1998 b) 1999 c) 2000 d) 2001

66. Agricultural revolution began


a) 1000 – 2000 years ago b) 1 million years ago
c) 30000 – 50000 years ago d) 10000 – 20000 years ago

67. Intensive agriculture led to deposition of excessive quantity of …………. into aquatic and terrestrial
ecosystem.
a) Nitrogen b) Phosphorus c) Sulphur d) None

68. Engineering intervention for flood control, which does not alter the characteristics of river ecosystem
is
a) Construction of Dam reservoir ` b) Construction of levees
c) Channelization d) Construction of retention ponds

69. Which of the following in agriculture does not produce negative effect on environment?
a) High salinity b) release of SO2 c) water logging d) loss of soil fertility

70. Which of the following is not caused by the use of fertilizers in agriculture?
a) Methemoglobinemia b) Eutrophication c) Acidification and Salinity of Soils d) None

71. Application of pesticides has increased the food production by


a) 10 fold b) 50 fold c) 100 fold d) none

72. Pesticide causes


a) Eye irritation b) Skin irritation c) Respiratory ailments d) All these

73. Increased use of pesticides causes


a) genetic damage b) genetic resistance c) both a and b d) none

74. Eutrophication is
a) an improved quality of water in lakes b) a process in carbon cycle
c) the result to accumulation of plant nutrients in water bodies d) a water purification technique

75. Major purpose of most of the Dams around the world is


a) Power generation b) Drinking water supply c) Flood control d) irrigation

76. Which of the following is the most environmental friendly agriculture practice?
a) Using chemical fertilizers b) Using insecticides c) Organic farming d) None of the above

77. The adverse effect of modern agriculture is


a) Water pollution b) Soil degradation c) Water logging d) All of the above

78. Soil erosion removes surface soil which contains


a) Organic matter b) Plant nutrients c) Both a and b d) None of the above

79. Water logging is a phenomenon in which


a) Crop patterns are rotated b) Soil root zone becomes saturated due to over irrigation
c) Erosion of soil d) None of the above

80. The Impact of construction of dams


a) Submerges forest b) Loss of wild life habitat c) Damages downstream ecosystem d) All

81. Which of the following statement is false?


a) Soil erosion effects productivity of agriculture fields
b) It takes 300 years for one inch of agricultural top soil to fill
c) the amount of erosion depends on soil type, slope, drainage pattern and crop management.
d) soil erosion helps to retain water and nutrients in the root zone

82. Which of the following is true?


a) Surface runoff does not carry pesticides into streams
b) water percolating downward through agriculture lands carries with it dissolved chemicals
and contaminates ground water
c) Present agricultural practice does not contaminate water
d) None of the above

83. Farmers have a tendency to


a) Use optimum quantity of water b) To over irrigate their crops
c) To conserve water d) All of the above

84. Organic Farming is


a) Farming without using pesticides and chemical fertilizers b) Enhances bio-diversity
c) Promotes soil biological activity d) All of the above

85. Which of the following are major environmental issues involved in agriculture?
a) Air pollution from dust b) Water pollution c) Soil degradation d) None

86. Effect of modern agriculture on soil is due to


a) Erosion b) Acidification c) Salinization d) All

87. During the last 30 years, the percentage decrease in agricultural land due to urbanization is about
a) 40% b) 60% c) 30% d) 0%

88. The main impact of urbanization on plant and animal life is


a) Increase in species b) Mutation in species c) Both a & b d) Loss of species

89. Urban solid waste is known as


a) garbage b) rubbish c) refuse d) all

90. Which of the following is the ill- effect of urbanization?


a) Decrease in agriculture land b) Loss of greener c) Loss of water bodies d) All these

91. Ecosystem is disturbed by housing activity because


a) Large volume of raw materials like brick, stone, timber, cement, steel plastic etc are required
to be produced
b) Housing is required to provide shelter to growing population
c) Majority of housing projects are concentrated in cities only
d) Standard of living is increased by modem houses

92. Major problem/s due to industrialization is /are


a) Urbanization b) Migration of people c) Development of slums d)All these

93. Which of the following is not the environmental effect of industrialization in general?
a) Solid waste b) Water pollution c) Air pollution d) Economics

94. Sulphur dioxide is used in


a) Paper manufacture b) Textile manufacture c) Processing of fossil fuels d) Both (a) and (b)

95. The most important remedy to avoid negative impact due to industrialization is
a) Industry should be closed
b) Don’t allow new industrial units
c) Industry should treat all the wastes generated by it before disposal
d) Industries should be shifted far away from human habitats.

96. Bhopal gas tragedy occurred in the year


a) 1974 b) 1984 c) 1994 d) 1979

97. Bhopal Gas Tragedy caused due to leakage of


a) Methyl Iso Cyanate (MIC) b) Sulphur dioxide c) Mustard gas d) Methane

98. Mining means


a) To conserve & preserve minerals b) to check pollution due to mineral resources
c) To extract minerals and ores d) None

99. Mining of ores is done by


a) sub-surface mining b) tunneling c) only sub-surface mining d) both a and b

100. Environmental impact of mining


a) Brings order into social setup
b) Devastation of ecosystem
c) Present mining activity is a sustainable development
d) Mining has no adverse effect on ecosystem as it is located in remote areas

101. Mining practices lead to


a) Population growth b) Rapid urbanization c) Loss of grazing and fertile land d) None of these

102. Which of the following are major environmental issues involved in mining activity?
a) Air pollution and dust b) Water pollution c) Soil degradation d) All these

103. The type of mass movement characterized by a slow and gradual down slope movement is known as
a) Rock-fill b) Mud flow c) Creep d) Landslide

104. In order to protect the health of people living along the adjoining areas of roads, one should.
a) Plant trees alongside of the roads b) Not allow diesel driven vehicles
c) Shift them (people) to other places d) None of the above

105. The pollution caused by transportation/ vehicular activities depends on


a) Type of the vehicles engine b) Age of the vehicle c) Traffic congestion d) All of the above

106. E.I.A can be expanded as


a) Environment & Industrial Act b) Environment & Impact Activities
c) Environmental Impact Assessment d) Environmentally Important Activity

107. E.I.A is related to


a) Resource conservation b) Efficient equipment/process
c) Waste minimization d) All of the above

108. Environmental impact assessment


a) is a study of feasibility of a project
b) is a study of bio-physical characteristics of the environment that may result from a human action
c) Both a and b
d) None of the above

109. EIA study will help


a) Maximizing the benefits without overloading the planets ecosystem
b) To estimate the future needs of the society
c) To smooth implementation of the project
d) To cope up with rapid growth of population

110. Sustainable development


a) Discourages environmentally economic growth
b) Encourages environmentally economic growth
c) Encourages environmentally harmful and unsustainable forms of economic growth
d) All the above

111. Sustainable development will not aim at


a) Socio- economic development, which optimizes the economic and social benefits available in the
present, without spoiling the likely potential for similar benefits in the future
b) Reasonable and equitably distributed level of economic well being that can be perpetuated
continually
c) Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs
d) Maximizing the present day benefits through increased resource consumption

112. Sustainability requires


a) Conservation of resources b) Minimizing depletion of non-renewable resources
c) Using sustainable practices for managing renewable resources d) All the above

113. The idea of sustainable development was defined for the first time by the world commission on
economic development
a) 1985 b) 1987 c) 1989 d) 1991

114. Sustainable development means


a) Meeting present needs without compromising on the future needs
b) Progress in human well beings.
c) Balance between human needs and the ability of Earth to provide the resources, d) All

115. What would you do to prevent environmental damage?


a) Plant trees b) Halt deforestation c) Control pollution d) All of the above

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