PANPACIFIC UNIVERSITY

URDANETA CITY, PANGASINAN

SCHOOL OF BASIC EDUCATION

A DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN GENERAL BIOLOGY 2 (GRADE 12)

I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
a. identify the 16 essential elements that help in the growth, metabolism and
reproduction of plants;
b. classify the 16 essential elements into macronutrients and micronutrients;
c. explain how the leaves and roots absorb essential elements; and
d. create a brochure containing the essential elements needed by plants.
II. SUBJECT MATTER
a. TOPIC
- Soil and Air Provide Water and Nutrients
b. REFERENCE
General Biology; Hoefnagels, Marielle; 2016; McGraw Hills Education
Publishing, Inc.; pp. 422-424
c. MATERIALS
Visual aids
d. VALUES INTEGRATION
Inquisitive mind and cooperation during the teaching-learning process
e. TEACHING STRATEGY
Lecture-Discussion Method, Inquiry approach
III. PROCEDURE

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY STUDENTS’ ACTIVITY

A. ROUTINARY ACTIVITIES
a. Prayer

Let us pray first. Please lead the (The students stand and start to pray)
prayer.
(The teacher pinpoints one student to
lead the prayer)

b. Greetings

Good Morning, Class!!! Good Morning, Sir!!!

You may now take your seats (Students sit)

c. Checking of attendance
Anyone who is absent for this day? None, Sir.

I am glad to hear that no one is absent

today.
B. REVIEW
Before we proceed to our next topic, let’s
have first a brief recall regarding (The student answers)
vegetative parts of plants. There are 3 The vegetative parts of a plant are the
main parts of a plant. What are they? leaf/leaves, stem and roots.
(Teacher chooses a student to answer the
 question)

Very Good! What are functions of these Sir, the roots is used to absorb the water and
three main parts? nutrients from the ground, the stem acts as
supporter for the leaves and the leaves is
used to produce carbohydrates or simply, it
is the primary organ used for photosynthesis

Correct! I hope that you really understand None, Sir.

our topic last meeting. Do you have any
questions or any clarifications?
C. LESSON PROPER
Since you already know the different
vegetative parts of plants, we can now (Student answers)
move on to our new lesson which is Sir, the plants get their nutrients from the
closely related to our previous lesson. soil, the air and water.
Before anything else, do you have any
idea where do the plants get their
nutrients?

Very Good! For us humans, in order stay Sir, the plants acquire the nutrients through
healthy, we need water and the right the process of photosynthesis.
dietary mix of fat, protein, carbohydrates,
vitamins and minerals. Plants have similar
needs, but they do not acquire these raw
materials by eating and drinking. How do
plants acquire these nutrients?

Very Good! Plants are autotrophic

organisms that use the process of Sir, essential nutrients are chemicals that are
photosynthesis to assemble organic vital for the growth, metabolism, and
molecules from elements absorbed from reproduction of plants.
their surroundings. Like any other
organisms, a plant needs certain essential
nutrients. What do you mean by essential
nutrients?

Exactly! These essential nutrients are used

by plants in order to survive. Some Sir, we have the macronutrients and
biologists have identified at least 16 micronutrients.
elements that play a crucial role to all
plants. These 16 elements are classified
into two groups. Do you have any idea
what are these groups of nutrients?

Very good!! The 16 essential elements are

further classified into macronutrients and Sir, the nine (9) macronutrients are:
micronutrients. When we say - Oxygen (O)
macronutrients, these are the nutrients - Hydrogen (H)
needed in fairly large amounts while - Carbon (C)
micronutrients are nutrients that are - Nitrogen (N)
required in just smaller amounts. Among - Potassium (K)
the identified 16 elements, nine of them - Calcium (Ca)
are under the group of macronutrients. - Magnesium (Mg)
What are these elements? - Phosphorus (P)
- Sulfur (S)
 Macronutrients Selected Functions
Micronutrients
Carbon (C) Selected Functions
Part of organic
Chlorine (Cl) Water balance
compounds
Iron (Fe) (O)
Oxygen Chlorophyll
Part of organic
synthesis;
compounds part of
Hydrogen (H) electron carriers
Part of organic
Boron (B) Growth of
compounds pollen
Nitrogen (N) tubes; sugar
Part of nucleic
transport; regulates
acids, amino acids,
certain enzymes
chlorophyll, ATP
Zinc (Zn) (K)
Potassium Hormone
Controls synthesis;
the
activates
opening enzymes;
and closing
stabilizes ribosomes
of stomata; activates
Manganese (Mn) Activates
enzymes enzymes;
Calcium (Ca) electron transfer;
Cell wall
photosynthesis
component;
Copper (Cu) Part of plastid
activates enzymes;
pigments; lignin
second messenger
synthesis;
in signal activates
enzymes
transduction;
Molybdenum (Mo) Nitrate reduction
maintains
membranes
Magnesium (Mg) Part of chlorophyll;
activates enzymes;
participates in
protein synthesis
Phosphorus (P) Part of nucleic
acids, sugar
phosphates, ATP,
phospholipids
Sulfur (S) Part of cysteine and
methionine (amino
acids); coenzyme A
Correct! Among the macronutrients, C, H,
and O are far the most abundant, together
accounting for about 96% of the dry Sir, the gardeners and farmers use fertilizers
weight of a plant. The other to prevent or treat nutrient deficiencies.
macronutrients account for another 3.5%.
Of these, N, P, and K are the common
ingredients in commercial fertilizers.
Why do farmers and gardeners use
fertilizers?

Very Good! The best examples of these

deficiencies are iron deficiency and
phosphorus deficiency. On the other hand, (Students listen to their teacher)
the remaining 7 elements are classified as
micronutrients. We have chlorine (Cl),
iron (Fe), boron (B), zinc (Zn),
Manganese (Mn), Copper (Cu), and
Molybdenum (Mo).

These 7 elements account for only 0.5%

of the dry weight of a plant. Thus, these
seven are only required in minimal
amount. Even though these elements
are required in small amounts, they
are really a big help for the plants
growth and metabolism. We have
mentioned a while ago that these
nutrients can be obtained through the
photosynthesis. What is
photosynthesis?

Very Good! In this process, plants obtain

the three most abundant elements from Sir, photosynthesis is the process by which
water and atmosphere. Water enters the plant produces its own food through the
plants through the roots while the carbon aid of sunlight and nutrients.
and oxygen atoms come from the
atmosphere in the form of CO2, which
diffuses in the leaf or stem through pores
called stomata. As roots absorb water,
they also take up all of the other elements
I have mentioned earlier. These nutrients
dissolve in the soil’s water when rock
particles disintegrate or when microbes
decompose dead organisms. The sunlight
is also a big help in this process because it
used to convert water and carbon dioxide
into a sugar called glucose. Finally,
glucose and oxygen are the by-product of
this process.
Did you understand our topic for this day?
 Yes, Sir.
D. APPLICATION
(Students will do an activity regarding on
how plants absorb nutrients)

(The teacher groups the class into 4)

In a manila paper, I want you to present
the process in a creative manner through
the use of the materials that I ask you to
bring. I will give you 30 minutes to do
that and afterwards, you will explain your
work here in front. Is that clear? Yes, Sir.
E. GENERALIZATION
Time’s up! Please paste your work in front (The students present their work)
and let’s start the presentation with group
number 1 to be followed by Group 2, 3
and 4.

Based on your presentation, it is an ( Students clap)

evidence that you really understand the
process of photosynthesis and for that, I
want you to give yourself a clap.

IV. EVALUATION

A. MATCHING TYPE Answer Key:

Directions: Match the items in Column
to that in Column B. Write your answer A. Matching Type
in the space provided before the number. 1. D
Column A 2. E
____1. Nitrate reduction 3. B
____2. Chlorophyll synthesis 4. G
____3.Part of cysteine and methionine 5. A
____4. Controls opening and closing of 6. F
stomata 7. K
____5. Part of organic compound 8. C
____6. Part of plastid pigments 9. I
____7. Growth of pollen tubes 10. H
____8. Part of sugar phosphates
____9. Cell wall component
____10. Water balance

Column B
A. Hydrogen
B. Sulfur
C. Phosphorus
D. Molybdenum
E. Iron
F. Copper
 G. Potassium
H. Chlorine
I. Calcium
J. Magnesium
K. Boron
V. ASSIGNMENT
Make a brochure containing at least 5 (The students copy assignment)
essential elements or nutrients used for the
growth, metabolism, and reproduction. The
following should be included:
- Essential element
- Facts about that element
- Importance of the Elements to Plants
- Effect of the Elements to Plants (Too
much absorption and Scarcity)

Are you done copying? Yes, Sir.

That’s all for today. Good Bye, Grade 12- Good Bye Sir!!!
STEM!!!

Prepared by:

KING JHAMIL MAMERTO ORPIANO

Biological Science Student Teacher

Submitted to:

MS. MONICA L. RIVERA

Science Teacher, SBE