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Computer Programming Week 2

This document provides an introduction to HTML and covers the following key points: - HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language and is used to define the structure and layout of web pages. It uses tags to label different parts of a web page like headings, paragraphs, links, etc. - A basic HTML document structure includes <!DOCTYPE html>, <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> tags. The <body> section contains the visible page content. - Common HTML elements were discussed like headings (<h1>-<h6>), paragraphs (<p>), and empty elements (<br>). - The history of HTML standards was summarized, from its invention in 1989 to the

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Reymart de Vera
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
49 views

Computer Programming Week 2

This document provides an introduction to HTML and covers the following key points: - HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language and is used to define the structure and layout of web pages. It uses tags to label different parts of a web page like headings, paragraphs, links, etc. - A basic HTML document structure includes <!DOCTYPE html>, <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> tags. The <body> section contains the visible page content. - Common HTML elements were discussed like headings (<h1>-<h6>), paragraphs (<p>), and empty elements (<br>). - The history of HTML standards was summarized, from its invention in 1989 to the

Uploaded by

Reymart de Vera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMPUTER

PROGRAMMING
.NET TECHNOLOGY

Quarter 1 – Week 2
HTML Introduction
What I Know

Multiple choice. Select the letter of the best answer from among the
given choices.

1. HTML stands for?


a. Hyper Text Markup Language
b. Hypermax text Markup Language
c. Hyper Text Mark Language
d. Hyper True Mark Language
2. Defines that this document is an HTML5 document
a. <!DOCTYPE html>
b. <html>
c. <head>
d. <title>
3. Element is the root element of an HTML page
a. <!DOCTYPE html>
b. <html>
c. <head>
d. <title>
4. Element defines the document's body, and is a container for all the
visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images.
a. <!DOCTYPE html>
b. <html>
c. <head>
d. <body>
5. Element defines a large heading
a. <!DOCTYPE html>
b. <html>
c. <h1>
d. <body>
Lesson 1
HTML Introduction

HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup


Language
What is HTML?

HTML is the standard markup


language for creating Web pages

HTML describes the structure of a


Web page

HTML consists of a series of


elements

HTML elements tell the browser


how to display the content

HTML elements label pieces of


content such as "this is a heading",
"this is a paragraph", "this is a link",
etc.
A simple HTML Document

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>


<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

*Try this code in your anWrite Free Application in your smartphone.

Example Explained

The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration defines that this document is an


HTML5 document
The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown
in the browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container
for all the visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images,
hyperlinks, tables, lists, etc.
The <h1> element defines a large heading
The <p> element defines a paragraph

What is an HTML Element?

An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some content, and an end


tag:
<tagname>Content goes here...</tagname>

The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:
Example.
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>

Start tag Element content End tag

<h1> My First Heading </h1>

<p> My first paragraph. </p>

<br> none none

Note: Some HTML elements have no content (like the <br> element).
These elements are called empty elements. Empty elements do not
have an end tag!
Web Browsers
The purpose of a web browser (Chrome, Edge, Firefox, Safari) is to read
HTML documents and display them correctly.

A browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses them to determine
how to display the document:

HTML Page Structure


Below is a visualization of an HTML page structure:
Note: Only the content inside the <body> section (the white area above)
will be displayed in a browser.

HTML History
Since the early days of the World Wide Web, there have been many
versions of HTML:
Year Version
1989 Tim Berners-Lee invented www
1991 Tim Berners-Lee invented HTML
1993 Dave Raggett drafted HTML+
1995 HTML Working Group defined HTML 2.0
1997 W3C Recommendation: HTML 3.2
1999 W3C Recommendation: HTML 4.01
2000 W3C Recommendation: XHTML 1.0
2008 WHATWG HTML5 First Public Draft
2012 WHATWG HTML5 Living Standard
2014 W3C Recommendation: HTML5
2016 W3C Candidate Recommendation: HTML 5.1
2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.1 2nd Edition
2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.2
Lesson 2
HTML Basics
In this chapter we will show some basic HTML examples.

HTML Documents
All HTML documents must start with a document type declaration:
<!DOCTYPE html>.

The HTML document itself begins with <html> and ends with </html>.

The visible part of the HTML document is between <body> and </body>.

Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>


<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>
The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration

• The <!DOCTYPE> declaration represents the document type, and


helps browsers to display web pages correctly.
• It must only appear once, at the top of the page (before any HTML
tags).
• The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is not case sensitive.
• The <!DOCTYPE> declaration for HTML5 is:
<!DOCTYPE html>

HTML Headings
HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.

<h1> defines the most important heading. <h6> defines the least
important heading.

Try this in your anWriter Free Apps.


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>This is heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3>
<h4>This is heading 4</h4>
<h5>This is heading 5</h5>
<h6>This is heading 6</h6>
</body>
</html>
HTML Paragraphs

HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.

Try this in your anWriter Free Apps.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>

Activity 1
Fill in the blanks
1. HTML stands for Hyper Text _________ Language
2. HTML describes the _________ of a Web page
3. HTML consists of a series of __________
4. HTML elements tell the _______ how to display the content
5. HTML is the standard markup language for creating __________

Activity 2
• Create a timeline chart for the history of HTML
Activity 3
What are the elements they use in this output?

Activity 4
a. Write and Create a HTML Document that will display your name,
birthday and address.

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