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HTML Chapter 1

The document introduces HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) which is used to structure and present content on the web. It explains that HTML uses elements to define headings, paragraphs, and other semantic elements to describe the structure of a web page. Basic HTML tags are demonstrated including <html>, <head>, <body>, <h1>, <p>, and <DOCTYPE html> which are used to define the essential building blocks of any web page.

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Raymond Puno
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
79 views

HTML Chapter 1

The document introduces HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) which is used to structure and present content on the web. It explains that HTML uses elements to define headings, paragraphs, and other semantic elements to describe the structure of a web page. Basic HTML tags are demonstrated including <html>, <head>, <body>, <h1>, <p>, and <DOCTYPE html> which are used to define the essential building blocks of any web page.

Uploaded by

Raymond Puno
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HTML

Create your own Website


Chapter 1
Introduction and Basics
What is HTML?
• HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
• HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web
pages
• HTML describes the structure of a Web page
• HTML consists of a series of elements
• HTML elements tell the browser how to display the content
• HTML elements label pieces of content such as "this is a
heading", "this is a paragraph", "this is a link", etc.
A Simple HTML Document
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
Example Explained
•The <!DOCTYPE html> declaration defines that this document is an
HTML5 document
•The <html> element is the root element of an HTML page
•The <head> element contains meta information about the HTML page
•The <title> element specifies a title for the HTML page (which is shown in
the browser's title bar or in the page's tab)
•The <body> element defines the document's body, and is a container for all
the visible contents, such as headings, paragraphs, images, hyperlinks, tables,
lists, etc.
•The <h1> element defines a large heading
•The <p> element defines a paragraph
What is an HTML Element?
An HTML element is defined by a start tag, some content, and an end tag:

<tagname>Content goes here...</tagname>


The HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:

<h1>My First Heading</h1>


<p>My first paragraph.</p>
What is an HTML Element?
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
Start tag Element content End tag

<h1> My First Heading </h1>

<p> My first paragraph. </p>

<br> none none


A Simple HTML Document
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
A Simple HTML Document
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Page Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>My First Heading</h1>
<p>My first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
What is an HTML Element?
• Note: Some HTML elements have no content (like the <br> element).
These elements are called empty elements. Empty elements do not
have an end tag!
Start tag Element content End tag

<h1> My First Heading </h1>

<p> My first paragraph. </p>

<br> none none


Web Browsers
• The purpose of a web browser
(Chrome, Edge, Firefox,
Safari) is to read HTML
documents and display them
correctly.
• A browser does not display the
HTML tags, but uses them to
determine how to display the
document:
HTML Page Structure
<html>
<head>
<title>Page title</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>

Note: The content inside the <body> section (the white area above) will be displayed in a
browser. The content inside the <title> element will be shown in the browser's title bar or in
the page's tab.
HTML History
Since the early days of the World Wide Web, there have been many versions of HTML:
Year Version
1989 Tim Berners-Lee invented www
1991 Tim Berners-Lee invented HTML
1993 Dave Raggett drafted HTML+
1995 HTML Working Group defined HTML 2.0
1997 W3C Recommendation: HTML 3.2
1999 W3C Recommendation: HTML 4.01
2000 W3C Recommendation: XHTML 1.0
2008 WHATWG HTML5 First Public Draft
2012 WHATWG HTML5 Living Standard
2014 W3C Recommendation: HTML5
2016 W3C Candidate Recommendation: HTML 5.1
2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.1 2nd Edition
2017 W3C Recommendation: HTML5.2
HTML Editors
A simple text editor is all you need to learn HTML.
Learn HTML Using Notepad or TextEdit
• Web pages can be created and modified by using professional
HTML editors.
• However, for learning HTML we recommend a simple text
editor like Notepad (PC) or TextEdit (Mac).
• We believe in that using a simple text editor is a good way to
learn HTML.
• Follow the steps below to create your first web page with
Notepad or TextEdit.
Learn HTML Using Notepad or TextEdit
Step 1: Open Notepad (PC)
• Windows 8 or later:
• Open the Start Screen (the window symbol at the bottom left on
your screen). Type Notepad.
• Windows 7 or earlier:
• Open Start > Programs > Accessories > Notepad
Learn HTML Using Notepad or TextEdit
Step 2: Write Some HTML
Write or copy the following HTML code:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>

<h1>My First Heading</h1>

<p>My first paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>
Learn HTML Using Notepad or TextEdit
Step 3: Save the HTML Page
Save the file on your computer. Select
File > Save as in the Notepad menu.

Name the file "index.htm" and set the


encoding to UTF-8 (which is the
preferred encoding for HTML files).

Tip: You can use either .htm or .html as


file extension. There is no difference, it
is up to you.
Learn HTML Using Notepad or TextEdit
Step 4: View the HTML Page
in Your Browser
Open the saved HTML file in
your favorite browser (double
click on the file, or right-click -
and choose "Open with").

The result will look much like


this:
HTML Documents
All HTML documents must start
with a document type declaration:
<!DOCTYPE html>. START
START

The HTML document itself


begins with <html> and ends
with </html>.

The visible part of the HTML END


document is between <body> and
</body>.
The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration
represents the document type,
and helps browsers to display
web pages correctly.

It must only appear once, at the


top of the page (before any
HTML tags).

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is


not case sensitive.
The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration
represents the document type,
and helps browsers to display
web pages correctly.

It must only appear once, at the


top of the page (before any
HTML tags).

The <!DOCTYPE> declaration is


not case sensitive.
HTML Headings
HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.

<h1> defines the most important heading. <h6> defines the


least important heading:

Example
<h1>This is heading 1</h1>
<h2>This is heading 2</h2>
<h3>This is heading 3</h3>
HTML Paragraphs
HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag:

Example
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
DEMO
https://www.w3schools.com/html/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml_basic

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