History of Icommunity Health Nursing

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
OF
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
IN
INDIA
HISTORY OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
PRE POST
ANCIENT PERIOD INDEPENDENCE INDEPENDENCE
PERIOD PERIOD
ANCIENT PERIOD
VEDIC PERIOD:
• Ayurveda and Siddha Systems of medicine came into existence which
suggested development of comprehensive concept of health.
• Ayurveda practiced throughout the India but the Siddha system is
practiced in tamilnadu.
DHANVANTHRI GOD
• Hindu god of medicine is said to

have been born as a result of the
churning of oceans during a
“tug of war” between gods and
demons.
ATREYA
• Atreya (about 800 b.c) is

acknowledged as the first great
Indian physician and teacher.
• He lived in the ancient

university of takshashila.
CHARAKA
• Charaka compiled his famous treatise

on medicine, the “charaka samhita”.
• He explained about 500 drugs.
• He was a first physician to explain the

concept of digestion, metabolism,
immunity, genetics and drugs.
SHUSRUTA
• Father of Indian surgery
• Written “shusruta samhita”
• Performed so many surgeries in ancient India

eg. Amputation, tumor extraction, hernia repair
and plastic surgery etc.
• British physicians learned rhinoplasty from

Indian surgeons.
KING ASHOKA
• King Ashoka and other Buddhist

kings established Ayurveda
hospitals and schools of medicine
in India.
• King Ashoka patronized

Ayurveda as state medicine.
MEDICAL EDUCATION
NALANDA UNIVERSITY TAKSHASHILA UNIVERSITY
MOHENJO DARO
HARAPPA
MUGHAL PERIOD
• Introduced unani system of

medicine.
• Ayurveda started to decline.
• Exchange of thoughts and

experience between the Hindu,
Arab, Persians, Greek and Jewish
scholars.
PRE INDEPENDENCE ERA
• Homeopathy was introduced by

Samuel Hahnemann during 1810-
1839.
• India claims to have the largest

number of practitioners of
homeopathy medicine in the world.
MILITARY NURSING
• 1664 : EAST INDIA COMPANY

STARTED HOSPITAL FOR
SOLDIERS IN A HOUSE AT
FORT. ST. GEORGE, MADRAS.
BRITISH PERIOD
• The first real development of modern public health in India

took place in 1859 when the administration of India was taken
over from east India company by the crown.
• British soldiers were died because of poor sanitation

conditions.
ROYAL COMMISSION
1859:
• A Royal Commission was appointed in India to
investigate the causes of unhealthy conditions
prevailing in British Army stationed in India .
• This commission recommended that there was a

need in each presidency to protect the water supply,
construction of drains and prevention of epidemics
in civil population.
FLORENCE NIGHTINGALE
• Florence nightingale studied the public
health conditions in India and suggested
the preventive measures for it.
• She suggested the measures for the welfare
of the army.
• She suggested the system of nursing for
hospitals in India.
• She motivated to start the nursing training
schools in India
MADRAS
1871:
• FIRST NURSING TRAINING SCHOOL
STARTED IN GOVT. GENERAL HOSPITAL,
MADRAS.
• SEPARATE CLINICAL FACILITIES FOR
WOUNDED SOLDIERS IN ST.GEORGE
FORT.
CHRISTIAN MISSION HOSPITALS
• During 1874 – 90 the Christian Mission Hospitals in
India started training courses for nurses.
• The Roman Catholic Nuns served as nurses in

many Govt.Hospitals in India as well as in Hospitals
run by religious orders.
SCHOOL OF NURSING
• FIRST SCHOOL OF NURSING
ESTABLISHED IN ST. STEPHENS
HOSPITAL, NEW DELHI.
• 1890 – 1900 SO MANY NURSING
SCHOOLS ESTABLISHED BY
THE GOVERNMENT AND
MISSION HOSPITALS.
• 1881
– First Indian Factories Act was passed and First All India Census was
taken.
• 1885
– Local self Government Act was passed.
• 1888
– Government directed that local bodies should be responsible for
sanitation.
1930
• At Calcutta ,an All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health was
established with aid from the Rockefeller.
1931
• A Maternal Child Welfare Bureau was established by IRC Society.
1935
• All the health activities in the country were grouped as under the control
of
• (a)Central (b)Central cum provincial (c) Provincial government
• 1937
– A Central Advisory Board of health was set up.
• 1939
– Madras Public Health Act was passed.
– Rural Health Training Centre at Singur near Calcutta(Rockefeller
Foundation)
• 1940
– The Drugs Act was passed.
TUBERCULOSIS ASSOCIATION OF INDIA
• 1939:
• Tuberculosis association of
India is started to control the
tuberculosis burden in the
country.
B.SC NURSING COURSES
• Nursing colleges established in

c.m.c Vellore and RAK college
in Delhi to provide degree in
nursing.
BHORE COMMITTEE
• 1943
– A health survey and
development committee (Bhore
Committee) was appointed
under the chairman of sir. Joseph
Bhore .
• 1946
– Bhore Committees report was
submitted.
INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL
• INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL IS

STARTED TO SET THE
NURSING STANDARD IN INDIA.
POST INDEPENDENDENCE ERA
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT
• The national government took up

the responsibility of improving
health of people with the Bhore
committee’s report.
• Ministry of health was established

at Central and State level
1948:
– India joined as a member of WHO.
– ESI Act was passed
– Environment Hygiene Committee was published.
1950:
– Planning Commission was set up in India.
– Central Food Technological Institute was established.
1951
• First Five Year Plan began.
• BCG Vaccination programme was launched.
• Central Drug Research Institute was opened at Lucknow.
1952
• Central council of health was statutorily constituted with Union minister of health
as chairman and health Minister of states as members.
1953:
• Model Public Health Act Committee was appointed.
• National Malaria Control Programme was initiated.
• National Smallpox Eradication Programme was started.
• Family Planning Programme began, Family Planning Research and

Programme was set up.
1954:
 Contributory Health Services Scheme was initiated in Delhi.
 Central Social Welfare board was setup
 National water supply and sanitation scheme was inaugurated.
 National Leprosy Control Programme was started.
 VDRL antigen production was setup.
 Food Adulteration Act was passed.
1955:
• National Filiria Control Programme was started.
• Central Research Centre and Central Leprosy Training was established in TN.
• National TB Survey Commenced.
1956
• Second Five Year plan began.
• Central Health education bureau was established.
• Director of Family Planning was established.
• Chemotherapy centre started at Madras
1958
• NMCP was changed to NMEP.
1959
• Mudaliar Committee was appointed.
• Rajasthan was first state to introduce Panchayat Raj
• National TB Institute at Bangalore was established.

• 1960
• School Health Committee was formed.
• 1961
• 3rd Five Year Plan was launched.
• 1962
• Central Family Planning Institute was established in New Delhi.
• National Smallpox eradication Programme, National Goitre Control
Programme, National School Health Programme and district TB
control programme was established.
• 1963
• Applied Nutrition Programme started.
• NICD established.
• National Trachoma control programme was started.
• 1965
• IUCD was introduced
• Direct BCG vaccination programme without tuberculin tests was
introduced.

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HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT

• Ayurveda and Siddha Systems of medicine came into existence which

suggested development of comprehensive concept of health.

• Ayurveda practiced throughout the India but the Siddha system is

• Hindu god of medicine is said to

• Atreya (about 800 b.c) is

• He lived in the ancient

• Charaka compiled his famous treatise

• He explained about 500 drugs.

• He was a first physician to explain the

• Father of Indian surgery

• Written “shusruta samhita”

• Performed so many surgeries in ancient India

• British physicians learned rhinoplasty from

• King Ashoka and other Buddhist

• King Ashoka patronized

• Introduced unani system of

• Ayurveda started to decline.

• Exchange of thoughts and

• Homeopathy was introduced by

• India claims to have the largest

• 1664 : EAST INDIA COMPANY

• The first real development of modern public health in India

• British soldiers were died because of poor sanitation

• This commission recommended that there was a

• The Roman Catholic Nuns served as nurses in

• Nursing colleges established in

• INDIAN NURSING COUNCIL IS

• The national government took up

• Ministry of health was established

• Model Public Health Act Committee was appointed.

• National Malaria Control Programme was initiated.

• National Smallpox Eradication Programme was started.

• Family Planning Programme began, Family Planning Research and

• Rajasthan was first state to introduce Panchayat Raj

• National TB Institute at Bangalore was established.

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