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The Federal Polytechnic, Ado - Ekiti: An Assignment On Basic Computer Application

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THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC, ADO – EKITI

Department of Mass Communication

An Assignment on Basic Computer Application

MAC 113

Submitted By:

ADELEYE, Blessing Bisi


Group A

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SOFTWARE

Computer software consists of the programs, or lists of instructions, that control the

operation of the computer. The term could be referring to the sum of all programs

that may be used with a certain computer. Programs are sets of instructions given to

a computer to perform with the aim of getting a task done. Software unlike

hardware cannot be seen physically. However, their effect can be seen and felt on the

computer. Software is usually distributed on either floppy disks or CD-ROMs. When

a disk or CD is read by the drive on a computer, the software is recorded in the

computer's memory.

Computer software may be classified based on their level of operation.

Based on this we have two categories namely:-

1. SYSTEM SOFTWARE

2. APPLICATION SOFTWARE

1. SYSTEM SOFTWARE: System software controls the actual operation of the

computer. They operate at machine level and send all instructions and commands

directly to the computer for processing. Operating systems are an example of system

software and the computer itself. Other example of system program include utility

program, Translator.

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a. OPERATING SYSTEM: - Operating system form the backbone

of the computer system. They provide an interface for all application software and

even utilities and other system software. Thus they are an indispensable component

of computer system; they control the operation of the computer peripherals and

components, keep track of memory usage and so on. Examples of operating systems

are the Microsoft Disk Operating Systems are the Microsoft Disk Operating system

(MS-DOS). Windows XP, UNIX, IBM OS/2 Warp, Apple System 7.5 etc.

b. TRANSLATOR: This changes the program written in non-

machine language to machine language for the computer understanding. There are

three examples of translator:

i. Interpreters: these will translate and compiles all lines source program and

execute same time if they are syntax error free e.g. BASIC

ii. Compilers: These will translate and compiles all lines of source program and

execute same time if they are syntax error free e.g. COBOL, FORTRAN

iii. Assemblers: An assembly program is a low level language because it is close

to machine language. Assemblers translates assembly languages machine code.

c. UTILITY PROGRAM: Utility program is a program mainly use

for maintenance and services of the computer systems. These includes Debug

Program sorting editing, savings files etc.

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d. DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS (DBMS): Data base

is a collection of data. A file is a collection RECORD. A record is a collection of

field or data design to store and retrieve a data form more emphasis as effectively as

possible.

2. APPLICATION SOFTWARE: These are program design by

programmers, which further requires human intuitive. E.g. Word processing package,

data processing package, desktop publishing package and spread sheet packages.

OPERATING SYSTEM

OPERATING SYSTEM: Operating system is system that control and coordinates

the hardware allocation gadget for proper communication between the hardware and

software resources. It also serve as interface for all application software, utilities

program and other system software. Examples of operating system are the Microsoft

Disk operating system (MS DOS) window 95, windows XP, UNIX, IBM OS/ 2 warp,

and Apple system 7.5 etc. However, operating system are responsible for the booting

process of the computer system whenever the system is switched on. As the name

implies, booting simply means the processes by which the system is been powered to

carry out a self-test and make itself ready for use. There is an acronym name for

booting process, which is simply called POST.

P-Power

O-On

S-Self

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T-Test

Types of Booting Process

 Cool booting or fresh booting: this is a process by which the system is started by

pressing the switch button on the system unit

 Warm booting: This is a process by which the system is being reboot after

encountering a problem or error message, an these processes can be done by

pressing a reset button on the system unit or by pressing Ctrl + Alt+Delete on the

keyboard to restart the system.

Functions of Operating systems

 It controls input and output device operation

 Allocation of time and resources tom various programs and users

 Controlling the process of networking with other systems

 Is an interface between the computer system and the users

 Co-ordinate and control the hardware and software resources

 It handles file management in the system disk

Types of Operating Systems

Basically, operating may be placed in four categories, namely:-

 Single-User-Single-Tasking Operating Systems

 Single User-Multi-Tasking Operating Systems

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 Multi-User Multi-Tasking Operating Systems

 Network Operating Systems

Single-User Single Tasking Operating Systems

The single-user single tasking operating systems allocate all the systems resources

and functions and function to just one user who is executing single tasks at a time.

They are quite limited in their functionality, and were very common on stand alone

system. Examples are the Microsoft Disk Operating system (MS-DOS), and IBM’s

PC-DOS.

Single-User Multi-Tasking Operating System

The single user multitasking operating systems allow a single user to execute various

task at the same time. For example you could be typing a letter while listening to

music at the same time. This saves time and increases productivity. Examples of such

operating system are Microsoft Windows, Apple system 7.5 and IBM OS/2

Multi-User Multi-Tasking Operating System

The multi-user multi-tasking operating system allocate resources to several numbers

of users executing different tasks. In this situation central computer is accessed by

various terminals, all of which use the central computer’s processor, memory and

other resources. Examples of such operating system includes: UNIX, PC-MOS and

Visual Machine.

Networking Operating Systems

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The networking operating systems create a situation where various users can share

resources. There is usually a central network server and as well as various

workstations. Each unit on the network is identified by a unique name.

COMPUTER NETWORK

This is a process of linking several computers station together via a specific Protocol

in other to share the available resources such as files, printer etc. there are different

types of computer Networks.

1. Local Area Network (LAN): This is a type of network operating over a

limited distance, such as across a site or within a building of not more than

450m. LAN usually connect a number of relatively small device such as

personal computers minicomputers and visual display terminals enabling them

to exchange information and to also resources with great flexibility.

2. Metropolitan Area network (MAN): it is a type of network extended across

more than one site but with a limited range, such as network across a

metropolitan area or a university campus. Consequently, area network.

3. Wide Area network (WAN): this is the interconnection of computers across a

regional area that is, it can between two countries e.g. internet connection that

provide information supper high way.

Second Classification

Another attribute which operating system may be classified is their user interface.

In this classification we have two types:


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 The command Driven Operating System

 Graphical User Interface (GUI) Operating System

Command Driven operating System

The command driven operating requires the user to perform operation by entering

commands at a prompt or executing preset sequences of instruction using batch files.

This memorization of a lot of commands, and is much less effective. Example is

include: MD-DOS.

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Operating system

Is a computer program that enable the user to communicate with the computer

through the use of symbols, visual metaphor and pointing devices.

INTRODUCTION TO MICROSOFT DISK OPRATING SYSTEM

Ms – Dos is an example of operating system that can be referred to as a command

driven operating system. Disk operating system requires a process of memorizing

most of the commands; the syntax (grammar) and accurate spelling of each command

or you would be prompted error message on the screen.

To get the Ms – Dos prompt window environment

Click start button

Select program

Click Ms – Dos prompt

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To exit from Ms – Dos prompts to windows

At the front of Dos prompt:

(C :/> Type EXIT and press ENTER key)

TYPES OF COMMAND

We have two types of commands via

1. Internal commands

2. External commands

Internal Commands: - internal commands are in-built commands or sometimes

called resident command which are resident in the computer and are loaded each

other time the computer is being booted. They are usually called command. Com.

Command.Com is that part of DOS that the user actually communicates and

interprets what has been keyed in e.g. CLS, CD, RD, DIR, COPY, Date, Time, MD,

REN, VOL, VER, etc.

External Commands: These are commands that have a special file which require

information to be supplied each time their services are being required. E.g.

FORMAT, DISKCOMP, DISKCOP, EDITOR e.t.c.

The differences between internal and external commands

The internal command are loaded into computer memory by the operating system,

while the external command are utility software installed into the DOS directory as a

supplementary program.

INTRODUCTION TO MICROSOFT WINDOWS OPRATING SYSTEM

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Microsoft Window Operating Systems: These are graphical user interface (GUI)

based operating system. It has opened up new frontiers operating system technology,

and has found widespread acceptance all over the world because of its intuitive user

interface.

Graphical User Interface

The graphical user interface (GUI) provides a much more user-friendly approach.

The whole environment takes on the form of what has been tagged WIMPs

(Windows Icons Mice and Pointers). Operation may be carried out by clicking on

icons, or selecting menu commands by using mouse. Examples include all Microsoft

Windows OS, IBM OS/2 and Apple System 7.5.

Features of Microsoft Windows Operating System

 Intuitive User Interface air

 Full 32-bit power

 Pre-emptive multi-tasking &multi-reading

 Long file name support

 Plug and play hardware detection

 Built-in fax, email and internet facilities.

 Full multimedia capacity

GETTING STARTED WITH WINDOWS

i. Power up the Computer System


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ii. Wait for the system to finish booting

iii. The desktop appears to display the program manager with "Start button"

DESKTOP

Desktop is the last appearance prompted immediately after the system finished

booting. The appearance comprises of:

1. Icons: This is a pictorial object that represents a program, files, folders and

shortcuts in windows environment which can be activated by double clicking

on it.

2. Wall paper: It is a system background use for beautifying the 1. 2. desktop

appearance, (e.g. Pictures, Cartoons, Texture, etc.)

3. Task bar: this is a bar that holds the start button, System Clock, Internet icons,

etc. for any task, it is located at the bottom of the screen.

IMPORTANT ICONS

 MY COMPUTER ICON: This is a folder that contains the content of the

computer or hardware component that make up the computer system through

this folder qualified service personnel can easily make changes to the system

setting, add or remove hardware or software programs.

 MY DOCUMENT ICON: This can be defined as a default folder for all users'

files of all different types. Here is the main folder where the computer saves all

the users' files except if the user decides on a new folder for his or her files.

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 RECYCLE BIN ICON: Is a folder that contains all temporary deleted files. In

this folder all temporary deleted files can be recalled or permanently removed

from the storage device.

 FILE ICON: It represents either a system file or a user's file. This icon

normally carries a logo of a particular application where such file is created.

To create a file or a document, load desired application software and input your

information and then save it with your name.

 FOLDER ICON: It is a unique directory that carries a user name for storing a

related users files, the users or the system itself could at times create a folder.

 SHORTCUT ICON: This icon serves as a fastest way of loading a programs,

files and folders that are shortcuts etc., this icon can be created by the users or

the system itself.

WALLPAPER OR SYSTEM BACKDGROUND

Wallpaper or system background has the following properties for enhancing the

beautiful appearance and some entertaining software for every windows desktop.

BACKGROUND: This contains different pictures and pattern for desktop

background.

To apply a picture or a pattern to desktop

 Right click on the blank portion of desktop

 Select properties Click on background Tab

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 Select any Background from the list

 Click picture Display box

 Select Stretch

 Click Apply

 Then Click OK

 Then the new picture replaces the old one.

SCREEN SAVER: these are series of emotional software for entertainment. To

activate Screen Saver and its setting

 Right click on the blank portion of desktop.

 Select properties

 Click on screen saver Tab

 Click screen saver box down

 Select a desired screen saver, the system will automatically preview it on the

sample monitor

 If you are not satisfy with the effect then click on setting button and make a

change and click OK

 Click on preview button to preview the effect

 Shake your mouse to exit preview mode

 On the wait option, specified the number of minute computer will be left idled

before switching to screen saver mode

 Click apply
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 Click OK

 Then wait for the number of minute selected the system will automatically

resume screen saver mode.

THE TASK BAR

Every time you start a program or open a window, a button-representing window

appears on the task bar to switch between windows you want. When you close a

window, its button disappears from the task bar Depending on what task you are

working on, other indicators can appear in the notification area on the task bar, such

as a printer representing your print job or a battery representing power on your

portable computer. At the end of the task bar is the clock and through this clock icon

one can easily adjust the properties for date and time.

To set Date and Time

 Double click the clock icon on the right edge of taskbar

 Set the computer calendar and clock to current date and time

 Click apply

 Then click OK

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 To view the current date after setting, point mouse to computer clock the,

system will display the current date.

START BUTTON: - this is an important button located at the left edge bottom of

the screen which must be activated with mouse or any other available means so as to

load a desired program; Whenever this button is pressed the following menu option

will be listed.

PROGRAMS: This menu option displays all the application programs available for

the users.

DOCUMENTS: It displays some list of documents that the user have worked on

previously.

SETTING: It display the list of system components for which the user can easily

change their settings.

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FIND AND SEARCH: It is used to search for file(s) or folder(s), people on internet

and a computer on network, this option can be activated by clicking on it or by

pressing F3 function key while there are no window opened.

HELP: It provides a guideline or users' manual on efficient use of windows

operating system and it also provides the troubleshooting option for solving software

and hardware problems, this option can be activated by clicking on it or by pressing

F1 function key while there are no active windows opened.

RUN: It is used to execute a specified windows command or any executable file

name specified.

SHUT DOWN: It is used to shutdown or restarts a computer or log user off.

SHUTTING DOWN THE COMPUTER

To avoid damaging files, always use the shutdown option to end the computer

session.

TO SHUTDOWN THE COMPUTER

 Click start button

 Click shutdown

 Then select shutdown option from the list and click OK

 If the system is ATX it will shutdown automatically otherwise it will prompt

this message "it is now safe to turn off your computer" then press the switch

button to off the system.

TO RESTART THE COMPUTER (warm booting)


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 Click start button

 Click shutdown

 Then select restart option from the list and click OK

 The system will be restarted automatically

STARTING AND QUITTING A PROGRAM

To start a program click the start button and point to programs then select the

program you want to use, click on it, it will take you to program environment. When

a program is opened it appears on the tasks bar.

WINDOWS MANAGEMENT

Windows management can be defined as a means of how active windows can be

managed within the window environment.

1. MINIMIZE BUTTON: This is a situated at the topmost right hand corner of

the window beside the maximize button with (-) symbol. This will reduce the

application to an ICON size on the task bar situated at the bottom of the screen.

To restore a minimized application, click the ICON on the taskbar.

2. MAXIMIZE BUTTON: This is situated at the topmost corner of the window

beside the close button with a rectangular shape. It is used to enlarge the

window so that it covers the full computer screen.

3. RESTORE BUTTON: This comes up after an application has been

maximized. This is to bring an application to its previous size. This is situated

in the same place with the maximize button.

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4. CLOSE BUTTON: This is situated beside the maximize button. It is used to

close the active window or any opened programs,

TO QUIT A PROGRAM

Click the close button at the upper right hand corner of the window (X), OR click

FILE, Select QUIT. You can run as many programs as you want at the same time.

And to switch between programs, click the icon button for each window on the

taskbar.

USING WINDOWS ACCESSORIES

Windows accessories are series of software packed for the followings

 Communication

 Entertainment

 Games

 Systems tools

 Calculator

 Imaging

 Notepad

 Paint

 Word pad

 Windows explorer

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Communication: This portion of windows contains software for communication,

such as: hyper Terminal, Internet Connection Wizard, Net Meeting, network Dial-up

Connect and one dialer.

USING PHONE DIALER TO DIAL FROM THE COMPUTER

You can use the phone dialer by connecting the NITEL telephone wire and telephone

box to the modern port. Then follow these procedures to make a call through

computer.

HOW TO DIAL

1. Click on the start button

2. Select program

3. Select Accessories

4. Select Communication

5. Then click on the Phone dialer

6. Follow the on screen instruction and make your call

Entertainment: This contains series of multimedia software for playing audio video

CDs, Mpeg and Midi Sequence, etc. examples are: CD player, Sound Recorder,

Volume Control and Windows Media Player.

CD player: This is a media software use for playing an Audio CDs. An Audio CDs

can be played by pressing the eject button of the CD ROM Drive and slot in the audio

CD. The music can automatically be played with the system detect the audio CD, but

in some cases it might requires a manual load as stated below:


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 Click Start button

 Select program Select accessories

 Select Entertainment

 Click CD player

 Then click play button

Sound Recorder, this is a media software use for recording voice through

microphone connected to the system. To record a sound, make sure that

microphone and speakers were connected to the system properly and then

follow these procedures:

 Click Start Button

 Select program Select Accessories

 Select entertainment Click sound recorder

 Click record button to start recording

 Then save the recorded sound with a file name

 Click play to play back the recorded sound

Note that microphone stand for voice input device while speaker stand as voice

output device.

Volume Control: It is used to control the speaker volume, the speaker volume can be

controlled by clicking the speaker icon on the taskbar and use the mouse pointer to

drag the control button to top or down for increase and decrease speaker volume

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respectively. An expert can double click the volume to display it properties for

advanced setting.

Windows Media player: This is a windows multimedia software for playing both

audio and Video CDs with this media, slot in the CD to be played and follow these

procedure:

 Click start button

 Select program

 Select accessories

 Select Entertainment

 Click Windows Media Player Click file menu

 Click open from the list of option

 Click browse from the dialogue box Click on look in box

 Select CD ROM Drive, i.e. "E" or "D" Double click MPEGAV folder

 Click files of type box

 Select All files type to show all video file on the folder

 Select any video file from the list

 Click open

 Then click OK to play

Games: These are fun software for users' leisure time and these games required

learning just like the way we learn about computer. To play a computer game in any
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windows version, the user will first of all study the instruction and the rules and

regulation of the game; therefore, you are expected to teach yourself at your leisure

time.

System Tool: This is a portion of windows where all the utility software were

installed for the service and maintenance of the computer system, the examples of

these utility software are:

Character Map: This is used to export a special character from windows

character map environment to any word processing software. How? Click start

button, select program, select accessories, select systems tools and click

character maps, select a desired character, click Select Button, click


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Copy and Paste by right clicking

Make a selection for the file or folder to be copied

Right click on it and select Copy option from the list Go to new destination to copy

the file or folder to

Right click any blank portion and Select Paste option from the list

Copy and paste by dragging

Make a selection for the file or folder to be copied.

Right clicks and dragged it to a new location to copy to and release the mouse button,

then select copy here.

To copy a File System Disk to Floppy Disk

Double click "My computer" then find the file or folder you want to copy, then right

click on it point to "send to" Click on 31/2 Floppy Drive (make sure that you insert a

diskette into the drive).

To copy a content of One Diskette to Another

Double click My Computer icon on the desktoping

Click on 31/2 Floppy (A:) icon

Click on file menu

Then select Copy-Disk

1. Insert a diskette to copy from 'Source Diskette' and click start

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2. Then the will request for a diskette to copy 'Target Diskette' and the press

enter key when ready

Notice: your source diskette is the disk that contains information you want to be

copied, while your target diskette is the destination disk.

But remember that your source diskette and target diskette must have the same of

memory spaces also make sure that there are not information in your target diskette

otherwise it will be formatted.

To Cut and Paste a file or folder

This is a process by which a file can be moved totally from one place to another.

There are different methods of cutting and pasting a file or folder such as:

1. Cut and Paste with Menu

Make a selection for the file or folder to be moved.

Click EDIT menu.

Click CUT option

Go to a new destination to move the file or folder to.

Click EDIT menu

Click PASTE option

2. Cut and paste with standard toolbar

Make a selection for the file or folder to be moved

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Click Cut button on the standard tool bar

Go to a new destination to move the file or folder to.

Paint: It is used to draw an object or paint an existing one, it can also be used

to edit a live picture. To use a paint program, Click Start program, select

accessories, click paint and follow the on screen instruction

Word pad: it is windows word processing software for typing a text and it is

capable of converting HTML files downloaded from internet into a readable

text. To use word Pad, Click start button, select program, select accessories,

click word pad and follow the on screen instructions.

Windows Explorer

Windows explorer provides the means by which the users use windows efficiently

while exploring the windows environment in order to carry out different tasks.

How to use windows efficiently

Windows provide some special features and speeds up the way you work. In addition

to the button on the right side of the mouse button to access and move in faster or to

create short cut document programs and other items.

Putting the Explorer to Use

Managing files And Folders: the explorer allows you to perform many different

operations on the file or entire directories, e.g. you can also set properties for various

icons.

How to get into Explorer:

Click Start Button


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Select Program

Select accessories, third step might not be necessary in windows 98 or less.

Click Windows Explorer

The system will prompt you the explorer contacts, such as: Menu Bar, Tool Bar,

Folders Window and folder Content Window

Menu Bar: This bar display the list of available main menu that can be activated in

order to choose a task to do and these tasks were also shot cut through the available

tool bars instead of using menu.

Tool Bars: These bars display the list of available tools on a particular bar, and they

all serves as a shortcut to all the available tasks in every active window.

Folders Window: This window contains all the available folder in the selected root

directory.

Folder Content Window: this window contains the content of a highlighted folder in

folder window. Copy button, then go to your destination and activate past to display

the copied character.

Disk Cleanup: it is utility software to clear unwanted files or temporary files from

the disk. To cleanup a disk, click start button, select program, select accessories,

select system tools, click disk cleanup, select the drive to be cleaned and click OK,

mark all available check box for cleaning click OK and answer yes to cleanup disk.

Disk Defragmenter: It is utility software used to rearrange the file position in order

to provide more space. To defrag a disk, Click start button, select program, select

accessories, select system tools, click defragment to start.


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Scandisk: this is powerful utility software that is capable of fixing problems and

error found in some disk. To scan a disk, Click start button, select program, select

accessories, select system tools, click scandisk, select the disk drive to be scanned

then follow the on screen instructions.

Schedule Task: This is a task scheduler program used in scheduling the following

task with starting date and time, scandisk, anti-virus, defrag and disk cleanup. To

schedule a task, click start button, select program, select program, select accessories,

select system tools, click schedule task and follow the on screen instructions.

System Information: it is used to determine the software and hardware and status of

the computer system. To check system Information, Click start button, select

program, select program, select accessories, select system tools, click system

information and follow the onscreen instructions.

Calculator: Windows calculator has no different from the natural calculator we used

day-in-day-out, to use windows calculator, Click start button, select program, select

accessories, click calculator and activate the desired button with mouse pointer. The

above long procedure can be by passed for this shortcut, simply click start button,

click run, type CALC and press enter on the keyboard. A calculator view can be

changed by click view menu on the calculator layout and select either standard view

or scientific view.

Imaging: This software is used to scan an image of any into the system; it can also

be used for drawing and previewing an image. To use imaging program, Click start

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button, select program, select accessories, click imaging and follow the onscreen

instruction.

Notepad: It is windows word processing software for typing a text. To use notepad,

Click start button, select program, select accessories, click notepad and follow the

onscreen instruction.

WINDOWS EXPLORER TASKS

Windows explorer tasks are different kind of operations that could be carried out in

windows explorer. Performing a task in windows explorer is very easy. Convenient

and faster compared to other active windows. These are the example of task that can

perform in the windows explorer. Selection, Copy & Paste, Cut & paste, creating a

new folder. Deleting files or folders, Rename, viewing object's properties, creating a

shortcut and undo Action

Selection: This is a process by which the users make a selection of files or folders to

perform a task on. This task is very important for every task we desire to perform and

it always comes first. There are three ways of making a selection.

1. By selecting all files or folders: this process can be done by pressing Ctrl + A

on the keyboard or by checking the Edit Menu and click select All.

2. By selecting some groups of files or folders: this process can be done by

selecting the first file or folder, the hold down the shift Key and press any of

this key to select the desired files or folder, (i) Any of the four arrow keys, (ii)

End or Home Keys and (ii) Page up or page down Keys.

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3. Random selection: this process can be done by selecting the first file or folder,

then hold down the Ctrl key mouse pointer to select at a random.

To copy and paste a file or folder

This is a process by which a file can be copied from one place to another. There are

different methods of copying and pasting of a file or folder such as:

1. Copy and paste with Menu

Make a selection for the file or folder to be copied

Click EDIT menu

Click COPY option

Go to a new destination to copy the file or folder to.

Click EDIT menu

Click PASTE option

2. Copy and paste with standard tool bar

Make a selection for the file or folder to be copied.

Click copy button on the standard tool bar.

Go to a new destination to copy the files or folders to.

Click paste button on the standard tool bar.

Note: if the standard tool bar is not available, click on View menu.

Point to toolbar, and click standard button option from the list.

3. Copy and Paste with keyboard

Make a selection for the files or folder to be copied


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Press Ctrl + C to copy

Go to a new destination to copy the file or folder to.

Press Ctrl + V Paste

Click Paste button on the standard tool bar

Note: if the standard tool bar is not available, click on the View menu, point to

toolbar, and click standard button option from the list.

4. Cut and paste with the keyboard

Make a selection for the file or folder to be moved

Press ctrl + X to cut

Go to a new destination to move the file or folder to

Press Ctrl + V to paste

5. Cut and Paste by right clicking

Make a selection for the file or folder to be moved

Right click on it and select move option from the list

Go to a new destination to move the file or folder to

Right Click any blank portion and select Paste option from the list.

6. Cut and paste dragging

Make a selection for the file or folder to be moved


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Right clicks and dragged it to a new location to move to and release the mouse

button, then select move here.

To Create a New Folder.

Double click "My computer" and then double click the disk drive or folder in which

you want to place the new folder. OR

On the file menu, point to new then click folder.

Type the name of the new folder and then press enters key.

To create a Folder on desktop

Right click on wallpaper

Point to New option

Click on Folder option Type the folder name and press enter

Delete

This is a process of removing an unwanted file or folder from the system disk either

temporarily or permanently

There are different methods of deleting a file or folder such as:

1. To delete file or folder through Menu

Make a selection for the file or folder to be deleted

Click FILE menu.

Click DELETE option

Answer yes to send the selected file or folder to be recycle

2. To Delete file through standard tool bar


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Make a selection for the file or folder to be deleted

Click Delete button on the standard tool bar.

Answer yes to send the selected file or folder to the recycle bin.

Note, if the standard tool bar is not available, click on View menu, point to

toolbar, and click standard button option from the list.

3. To Delete file or folder through keyboard

Make a selection for the file or folder to be deleted

Press Delete key

Answer yes to send the selected file or folder to the recycle bin.

4. To Delete file or folder by right clicking

Make a selection for the file or folder to be deleted

Right click on it and select delete option from the list

Answer yes to send the selected file or folder to the recycle bin.

5. To Delete file or folder by dragging

Make a selection for the file or folder to be deleted

Right clicks and dragged the file or folder to the recycle bin, release the mouse

button and answer yes to send the file or folder the recycle bin.

Note: the above five method are for temporal deletion, therefore, all temporary

deleted files or folders can be restore or permanently deleted these process:

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 Make a selection for the file or folder to be restored or to be deleted

permanently.

 Double click the recycle bin on the desktop Click file menu

 Click Restore option or Empty recycle bin option from the list

These will restore option/permanently delete single file or groups of selected files

But to restore all files or to permanently delete all files

 Double click recycle bin on the desktop

 Click restores all button or Empty recycle Bin Button.

6. To permanently delete file or folder without sending it to the recycle bin

Make a selection for the file or folder to be deleted

Press shift + Delete Key and answer yes to delete. Note, this action can't be

undoing.

To Rename a File or Folder

Click the file or folder you want to rename, you do not need option to open it.

Click file menu

Click Rename option

Type the new name and press enter

Tip. A file name can contain up to 250 characters, including spaces. But cannot

contain any of the following special character: @, #, $,^,< >, etc.

Shortcut to the Renaming of file or folder

Fairly click on the name of the file or folder; the system will invoke blinking cursor,

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Then type the new name and press enter

To View the Object's properties

This allowed the user to determined Size, Date, Time and location to a new location,

release the mouse button and select Create Shortcut here.

To Undo an Action

Some of the previous action can be undo by right clicking on the blank portion were

the action was done and select Undo from the list, immediately the action was done

or else it would not be possible.

THE STATUS BAR:-This appears at the button of windows explorer, it display

additional information about object selected the explorer and menu options.

TO OPEN FILE WITHIN A PROGRAM

On the FILE menu, click Open

To open a document in different folder, click the arrow next to the "look in Box",

Click the folder that contains the document you want to open

Then click open.

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