Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region III
School Division of Nueva Ecija
TALAVER SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Roxas Street, Pag-asa District, Talavera, Nueva Ecija, 3114

PERCEPTION OF PARENTS TOWARDS ONLINE LEARNING: CHALLENGES ON

EDUCATION DURING THE PANDEMIC

A Research Study
Presented to the
Panel Examiners of
Tavera Senior High School
Talavera, Nueva Ecija

In Partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the subject,
Research Project in
Accountancy, Business and Managements

By

DONNA MARIE ANTONIO

JERRY C.DELAFUENTE
FRANCES GRACE D. DIAZ
JONALYN NIMENZO
DAVE KENNETH M. POBLETE
JONALYN G. SANTIAGO
JOHN MARK M. VILLAMAEL
TRISHA MAE V. PADILLA
 APPROVAL SHEET

This research paper entitled “ THE PERCEPTION OF PARENTS TOWARDS ONLINE

LEARNING:CHALLENGES ON EDUCATION DURING THE PANDEMIC ”, prepared
and submitted by the Researchers, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject
Research Project in Senior High School, has been examined and is hereby recommended for
acceptance and approval for final oral defense.

PRINCESS A. GARCIA
Research Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved by the Committee for Oral Examination on (DATE) with a grade of ______________.

CHRISTIAN ANTHONY P. AGLUBA LARCY PAGBILAO

Member Member

PRINCESS A. GARCIA
Chairperson

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject of Research
Project.

AMELIA A. GUEVARRA PRINCESS A. GARCIA

Subject Group Head Research Coordinator

ERICSON L. NEPOMUCENO
Assistant Principal II

RODRIGO L. DIRECTO, Ph.D

Principal II

ii
 ABSTRACT

The widespread prevalence of COVID -19 pandemic has affected academia and parents

alike. Due to the sudden closure of schools, students are missing social interaction which is vital

for better learning and glooming while most schools have started online classes. This has become

though routine for the parents working online at home since they have to ensure their children's

education .The study presented was designed to know the perception of parents on online

learning and challenges on education during the Pandemic. Data were collected from parents of

students of Talavera senior high school falling in the inclusion criteria. Considering their

misperception and challenges during the pandemic. Furthermore, Parents too have adopted

quickly to address the learning gap that have emerged in their children's learning in these

challenging times. Measures should be adopted to provide essential learning skills to children at

home .This study help parents to the challenges on online learning of their children.

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This completion of research paper could not been possible without the participation and

assistance of so many people whose names may not all be enumerated. Their contributions are

sincerely appreciated and gratefully acknowledged. However, the group would like to express

their deep appreciation and indebtedness particularly to the following:

Mrs. Princess A. Garcia, Mr. Christian Anthony P. Agluba, Ms. Larcy Pagbilao, Mrs.

Sherillyne Manimbo, to all relatives, friends, teachers and others who in one way or another

shred their support, either morally, financially and physically, thank you

Above all, to the Great Almighty, the author of knowledge and wisdom for his countless

love.

We thank you.

BM12-B GROUP3

iv
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE i
APPROVAL SHEET ii
ABSTRACT iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS v
LIST OF TABLES vi
LIST OF FIGURES vii
LIST OF ACRONYMS viii

CHAPTER I
Introduction and Background of the study
Introduction 1
Statement of the Problem 3
Significance of the Study 4
Theoretical Framework/Conceptual Framework 5
Research Paradigm 7
Scope and Delimitations 8
Definition of Terms 9

CHAPTER II
Review of Related Literature
Related Literatures 10
Related Studies 11

Chapter III
Methodology
Research Design 18
Research Local 19
Respondents of the study 21
Sampling Technique 22
Research Instrument 23
Data Gathering Procedure 24
Method of Data Analysis 25

v
Chapter IV
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Respondent's Profile 26
Perception of parents towards online learning 27
Perception of parent with regards the challenges 28
on education during the pandemic
Significant relationship between the perception of parents towards 30
Online learning and challenges on education during pandemic
CHAPTER V
Summary of findings
Conclusion 32
Recommendations 33
 LIST OF TABLES
TABLE TITLE
PAGE

1 Table of Contents v
2 Table of Respondent’s Profile
26
3 Table of parents perception towards online learning
27
4 Table of Parents’ perception with regards
28
the challenges on education during pandemic

5 Table of Relationship between the perception of parents towards

30
online learning and challenges on education during the pandemic.
 vi

LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE
PAGE 1 Research Paradigm
6 1 Research Locale
18
 vii
LIST OF ACRONYMS
ACRONYM
PAGE
Deped Department of Education 1
SARS Severe Acute Respiratory
12
MERS Middle East Respiratory
12
ABM Accountancy, Business and Management
19
HUMSS Humanities and Social Sciences
19
STEM Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics
19
TVL Technical-Vocational Livelihood
19
ICT Information, Communication and Technology
19
 viii

Chapter I
Introduction and Background of the study

Introduction

COVID-19 stands for coronavirus disease and even referred to as the 2019 novel

coronavirus or ‘2019-nCoV’ (Bender, 2020). As of March 28, 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic is

causing more than 1.6 billion children and youth to be out of school in 161 countries. But because

of Pandemic that happening in the world, People need to quarantine themselves at home.

Everything has stopped. Projects have been delayed, workplaces closed and schools shut down.

After 7 months of quarantine The Department of Education (Deped) confirmed that the opening

of classes for School Year (SY) 2020-2021 in public schools nationwide is on October 2020 and

it will Online Classes.

Online learning is education that takes place over the Internet. It is often referred to as “e-

learning” among other terms. However, online learning is just one type of “distance learning” -

the umbrella term for any learning that takes place across distance and not in a traditional

classroom. Teachers using the Internet can utilize such tools as asynchronous discussions, real-

time chat, online testing and document sharing. Online learning may enhance the educational

experience through the use of computer-communications technology, but face-to-face experience

is still required. (Bristol, 2005) The Parents are tasked to teach their kids how to solve equations,

help to do experiments and read literature long forgotten just to keep up with their children’s
school requirements. On the other hand, Teachers are challenged to lecture online with appealing

and visually stimulating materials for their students. (Melan Ku Marquez 2020) .

A recent study conducted in the US recently by McAfee with 1,000 parents as

respondents yielded the following results. Whether they have kindergarteners or high school

seniors, parents are sharing many of the same worries and challenges they are: Keeping their

children focused on schoolwork ,Establishing a daily routine, Balancing household

responsibilities and teaching, Establishing a wake-up and bedtime schedule, Balancing working

from home and teaching.

Although online learning may be the best option have for now, still you can’t help but

wonder how everyone is adjusting and coping with the problems that arise while attending online

classes, especially during synchronous classes. Synchronous classes are classes conducted in

real-time and during this time, a lot of Challenges arise. Internet Connection our country is an

internet-challenged country. Audio Clarity although poor internet connection can cause audio

drawbacks, the type of microphone used may also contribute to the problem. Problems of

unwanted echo and background noises both from the Teachers or from the student reciting most

often are distracting and sometimes they can't attend the meeting so they will be left behind and

hard to cope with the lesson.

2
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the Perception of parents towards to online learning: challenges on

education during the pandemic. Especially it aims to answer the following Questions.

1. How may the respondents described in terms of:

1.1 age

1.2 sex

2. What are the perceptions of parents towards online learning during pandemic?

3. What are the challenges in education during Pandemic?

4. Is there significant relationship between perception of parents and challenges on education?

3
Significance of the study

These research seek to determine the perception of parents towards online learning; challenges

on education during the pandemic. Moreover, this study aims to propose a virtual learning on the

students. Specially, this study would be of great value to the following:

School Administrators and Supervisors- this study would serve as a basis for school

Administrators and Supervisors in planning for seminar and training program for teachers to

improve their teaching skills and successfully facilitate learning among their students.

Teachers- the study could help the teachers to determine their level of teaching online class.

Teachers may integrate the use of technology in teaching their students that can lead to better

teaching.

Students- as the main recipient of this study, teacher who will be teaching the students through

online class to improve their academic performance.

Internet- this study could help to improve the quality of education in many ways. Teachers use

online materials to prepare lessons and students to extend their range of learning.

Researchers- this study might help other researchers to determine the relationship between face

to face and virtual learning.

4
Theoretical Framework

This examined the possibility of building a theory of online education, by Terry Anderson (2011)

starting with the assumption that it would be a difficult, and perhaps impossible, task. He

approached this undertaking from a distance education perspective, having spent much of his

career at Athabasca University, the major higher education distance education provider in

Canada. While he acknowledged that many theorists and practitioners consider online learning as

“a subset of learning in general” (Anderson, 2011, p. 46-47), he also stated: online learning as a

subset of distance education has always been concerned with provision of access to educational

experience that is, at least more flexible in time and in space as campus-based education

(Anderson, 2011, p. 53). These two perspectives (subset of learning in general and subset of

distance education) complicate any attempt to build a common theory of online education.

Blended learning models, for instance, do not easily fit into the distance education schema, even

though they are evolving as a prevalent component of traditional face-to-face and online

education environments

These lenses provided the foundational framework for Anderson’s approach to building an

online education theory, as he examined in detail the characteristics and facilities that the Internet

provides with regards to each of the four lenses. Second, he noted that the Internet had evolved

from a text-based environment to one in which all forms of media are supported and readily

available. He also accurately commented that the Internet’s hyperlink capacity is most compatible

with the way human knowledge is stored and accessed. In this regard, he referred to the work of

Jonassen (1992) and Shank (1993) who associated hyperlinking with constructivism.
 5

Finally, Anderson extensively examined the importance of interaction in all forms of

learning and referred to a number of mostly distance education theorists such as Holmberg

(1989), Moore (1989), Moore and Kearsley (1996), and Garrison and Shale (1990). The essence

of interaction among students, teachers, and content is well understood and is referenced in many

theories of education, especially constructivism.

Anderson’s evaluation of interaction concludes that interactions are critical components

of a theory. With these three elements in mind (the Bransford, Brown, and Cocking lenses, the

affordances and facilities of the Internet, and interaction), Anderson then proceeded to construct a

model (see Figure 6). He did add one important element by distinguishing

community/collaborative models from self-paced instructional models, commenting that

community/collaborative models and self-paced instructional models are inherently incompatible.

The community/collaborative models do not scale up easily because of the extensive interactions

among teachers and students. On the other hand, the self-paced instructional models are designed

for independent learning with much less interaction among students and teachers.
 6

Research Paradigm of the The Perception of Parents Towards Online Learning:Challenges on Education
During The Pandemic

INPUT Process Output

 Online Survey
 Determine perception The Perception of parents
Of parents towards online towards Online Learning;
 Respondents Learning: Challenges on Challenges on Education
profile
Education during the during the Pandemic.
Name
Age Pandemic.
Sex
 Pre-test

Figure 1: Research Paradigm of the Perception of parents towards online Learning Challenges on

Education during the pandemic. The Researchers have input the students profile such as age, sex.

The Researchers Give a link for online survey for the parents of grade 12 who experiencing

challenges in their studies. At the end of the study the researchers aimed to determine the

perception of parents towards online learning challenges on education during the pandemic
 7

Scope and Delimitation of the study

This study aimed to determine the perception of Parents towards

online Learning Challenges on Education during the pandemic. This study was conducted at

Talavera Senior High School, Pag-asa Talavera Nueva Ecija. The Research design is used in this

study is correlational design. This would be conducted during the first grading period of the

school year 2020-2021. This study was limited to one hundred twenty-seven (127) Parents of

Grade 12 students in talavera senior high school to determine the perception of parents towards

online Learning.
 8

Definition of Terms

To clarify and understand the terms that are related to this study the following terms are defined

conceptually and operationally.

Age- is the length of time that a person has lived or a thing has existed, and is denoted by years.

Challenges on education- student attitudes and behaviors

Online Learning- is education that takes place over the internet.

Perception of Parents- parents' beliefs or expectations regarding their ability to raise their

children successfully and have some control over their child's behavior.

Pandemic- is the world wide spread of a new disease.

Sex- is either of the two main categories (male or female) into which humans and many other

living things are divided on the basis of their reproductive functions.

 9

Chapter II
Review Related Liter

According to Abdulamir, A. S. et al., 2020 the need for readiness of countries in the

cases of the pandemic in the direction of education. Although, strangely, children are found to be

protected from severe or deadly critical infections, they can become the sources of spread, which

was the main reason to close the schools worldwide. (Abdulamir, A. S. et al., 2020). Cakir Z et

al. have provided the mathematical modeling approach that concludes, that “in the case that

sufficient precautions are not taken, or precautions are reduced, the course of the pandemic may

show a very fast change in the negative direction”, so the social isolation has to be applied. A

study by Majumder et al., indicates that contamination due to contact with the infected person is

the most significant alternative of the spread of Coronavirus. A study by Uscher-Pines et al.,

admits that “During an evolving influenza pandemic, community mitigation strategies, such as

social distancing, can slow down virus transmission in schools and surrounding communities. To

date, research on school practices to promote social distancing in primary and secondary schools

has focused on prolonged school closure, with little attention paid to the identification and

feasibility of other more sustainable interventions” (Uscher-Pines et al., 2018). The study

concludes that information is too few for the schools to develop the social distance policies and

procedures and additional research is needed. Germann et al. discussed the opportunities to close

the schools during the pandemic Influence to stop the spreading and duration of possible

lockdowns before the vaccines are implemented. Faherty, L. J. et al. worked on the topic of

school and its official’s preparedness during a pandemic that included the physical re-

arrangement of classes, limiting group works movement of students in class and creating
opportunities for distance learning for missing days, but not the weeks or months as it is

happening in 2020. Ash et al have supposed

10
That distance learning can be supported by technologies such as the internet, phone, radio,

TV or phone messaging, or email communication during the Flu Crisis. The interactive

videoconferencing system design was proposed and implemented in elementary schools in

Greece. It was found that IVC “plays a significant role in supporting collaborative synchronous

learning activities at a distance” (Anastasiades et al., 2010). The study of Muirhead, W. (2000),

admits that online education is new in schools and can be considered for enhancing traditional

schools and home-schooling. Qi, W. has made a case study on collaborative environment for

distance teaching and learning and reviewed existing platforms as well and Baiyere et al. has

made a project enabling and facilitating collaborative teaching in information systems and found

that virtual environment should be suitable for other courses as well. Another study was done on

a case of English language teaching and learning using the virtual distance learning environment

and came to the result that Virtual environments allow students to create a world that

encompasses anything they can dream up. Interaction, simulation, and collaboration enable

learning in the interactive environment (Mnyanyi et al., 2009; Thamarana, S., 2016). Some

studies state that prolonged school closures and home confinement might have the negative

effects on children’s physical and mental health (Brazendale, K et al., 2017).

The “psychological impact of quarantine is wide-ranging, substantial and can be long-

lasting” (Brooks S. et al., 2020). Different studies have shown that although there are some

examples of having a plan of using the distance/online learning during the pandemic, they are

mostly concentrated on small cases and not a global crisis as it is happening in COVID-19

pandemic of 2020. The decision to close schools is generally based on the scientific data that
during influenza virus pandemics lower social association among students is necessary to

interrupt the spread of the virus (Abuhammad, 2020).

11
Schools can have a positive impact on mortality by reducing the transmission and

incidence of a disease (Abuhammad, 2020a; Anderson et al., 2020; Wenham et al., 2020).

However, it can also have a negative impact by reducing the available healthcare workforce to

care for the ill because they cannot secure childcare to enable them to go to work. According to

research on school students, the mean value of daily social association when schools are closed is

almost half that of when schools are open. On the other hand, there is an increase in contact

between school students and parents and other adults when schools are closed (Eames et al.,

2010). The evidence on the effectiveness of closing schools and other measures for social

distancing almost entirely comes from research undertaken on this measure during influenza

outbreaks, and it has been shown in such outbreaks that school students drive virus transmission

(Brooks et al., 2020; Hens et al., 2009). It has been shown that closing schools leads to significant

reductions in the peak rate of infection compared to the rate of cumulative infection, and based on

modeling research, such an approach can have a significant impact on the reproduction of

infection rate if the transmission rate of the virus is low (Nafisah et al., 2018). However, the

effectiveness of such an approach is unclear in the case of coronavirus outbreaks that have

occurred for instance, as a result of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or Middle East

respiratory syndrome (MERS), and more recently and particularly, COVID-19, which seem to

have a different transmission dynamic (Bayham and Fenichel, 2020; Shen et al., 2020). The

strategy employed to close schools differs by country and the decision may be made at a national,

regional, or local level. In addition, there may be reactive closures of schools because of the

personal choice of numerous parents to withdraw their children from school in reaction to the rate
of student infection (Shen et al., 2020). According to Hannum et al. (2008), distance learning is a

platform that many schools use to meet the learning needs of students. It has also been

determined that distance learning is an effective approach at the college, university, and High

school level parents' perspective (Hannum et al., 2008; Irvin et al., 2010).

12
When school students are required to remain at home, as is the case during the current

COVID-19 pandemic, parents not only need good parenting skills, they also need a good level of

education. In addition to monitoring the temperament and the performance of their children,

parents should attempt to satisfy their children's educational needs as effectively as possible.

High school level parents' perspective (Hannum et al., 2008; Irvin et al., 2010). When school

students are required to remain at home, as is the case during the current COVID-19 pandemic,

parents not only need good parenting skills, they also need a good level of education. In addition

to monitoring the temperament and the performance of their children, parents should attempt to

satisfy their children's educational needs as effectively as possible.

One way in which this additional parenting role is being supported is through giving

children and parents access to distance learning materials and techniques via the internet.

However, while there has been a tremendous increase in the use of online distance learning at all

learning stages in various regions, there are still some barriers to distance learning. These barriers

can hamper or completely prevent the utilization of distance learning by some groups. It is

therefore important to understand the perceptions of parents regarding the barriers to distance

learning because doing so will enable government and education decision-makers to create

solutions to remove the barriers that most affect parents and prevent them from supporting their

children to attain a good education. It is envisaged that the outcomes of this research, which

focuses on the perceptions of parents with school-age children in the Jordanian context, will add

to the education knowledge base on how to provide education to school-age children during the
outbreak of COVID-19According to Irvin et al., (2010), who identified the lack of trained

professionals to be a common barrier in distance learning in the United States Also, many parents

in our study mentioned the lack of technical help.

15
Have insisted that young children should not expose to online learning because the latter

cannot prepare young children socially and emotionally ready for school (Edwards et al., 2012,

Zalaznick, 2019) and will bring some harm to their health and growth. Some scholars (e.g.

Clements and Sarama, 2003, Stephen and Plowman, 2002, Yelland, 2006) have confirmed that

digital learning could help young children to understand abstract concepts and engage them in

collaborative learning, reasoning, and problem-solving activities. Recently, Arnott and Yelland

(2020) suggested shifting this argument away from a moral panic and conceptualizing digital

technologies like social, cultural, and personal artifacts that inhabit the contemporary child's

lifeworld and can contribute to their learning ecologies.

Under-researched. From the beginning as a core part of the child’s immediate

environment, parents influence their children’s learning and development by providing digital

technologies and media environment to young children. Parents’ beliefs and attitudes about the

role and the potential of online learning for young children can influence the quality and quantity

of online learning, opportunities, and learning experiences children receive at home (Erdogan,

Johnson, Dong, & Qiu, 2019).Sent Today at 9:33 PM Parents are also an essential element of the

picture, and more so for younger students who cannot be left alone facing the challenges of

online learning. Parents should be involved in the design of the strategy and in its implementation

as they need to fully understand what is taught and why. Parents should also be informed of the

emotional challenges that online learning entails, which are likely to be greater for young

children, but which could also affect adolescent students. Parents need to learn how to support
their children emotionally and in their daily school tasks. Constant and detailed communication

between parents, teachers, and the school is a fundamental

16

Element of a successful online learning strategy. Finally, in order to gain a better

understanding of what worked, did not work, and why during the COVID-19 crisis, it is

important to collect accurate, valid and reliable data. High quality data (especially in the area of

assessment) can provide valuable information about how to best support students in times of

disruption and uncertainty.

These barriers included difficulties in using distance learning and lack of student

preparation, dissatisfaction with the distance learning modality, and inability of distance learning

to meet students’ needs (Lloyd et al., 2012). The logistical barriers were the only barriers that

were found to have an association with completing a course. Nevertheless, the lack of home

technology was related to the minimal utilization of and benefits derived from distance learning.

Distance learning is another barrier faced by parents because buying technology for distance

learning lessons and the cost of doing the lessons via the internet can result in financial

challenges. This is in line with a previous study that showed that parents using distance learning

classes, those not utilizing distance learning, and those who used distance learning in the past all

identified funding as a barrier to distance learning (Hannum et al., 2008). Parents lack computers,

access to the internet, and absence of technology expert (Barter, 2008; Irvin et al., 2010; Williams

et al., 2010). Furthermore, the need to buy web cameras for video conferencing adds another

burden to the cost of distance learning for remote parents (Hager, 2011).
 17

Chapter III

Methodology

This chapter presents the research design, research method, sampling method, research locale,

research instrument and the statistical tools employed in the treatment of data.

Research Design

Research design is defined as the overall strategy you choose to integrate the different

components of the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring you will effectively

address the research problem; it constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement, and

analysis of data. The researcher of this study used the correlational research design, utilizing a

quantitative survey.

According to Kanner, Coyne, Schaefer, & Lazarus, (1981). Correlational research is a

type of nonexperimental research in which the researcher measures two variables and assesses the

statistical relationship (The correlation) between them with little or no effort to control

extraneous variables. There are essentially two reasons that researchers interested in statistical

relationships between variables would choose to conduct a correlational study rather than an

experiment. The first is that they do not believe that the statistical relationship is a causal one.

The study is to determine the perspective of parents towards online learning and

challenges on education in pandemic in talavera senior high school.

 18

Research Locale

This study was conducted at Talavera Senior high School, Nueva Ecija. Year 2020-2021.The

Talavera Senior High School is located at Barangay Pag asa, Parents of Grade 12 students is the

target respondents.

History

During the school year 2016-2017, the Talavera Senior High School was given birth. At

first, it is just a department under its mother school which is the TNHS. But during the school

year 2017-2018, it started to stand on its own with its first principal designated by the Schools

Division of Nueva Ecija in the person of School Principal II Donato B. Chico with his Assistant

School Principal, Virginia Fernandez. At school year 2018-2019, Ms. Racquel C. Diaz is

designated School Principal II with the support of her Assistant School Principal II, Mr. Ericson

I. Nepomuceno. At present, Mr. Rodrigo L. Directo, Ph.D is the newly designated School

Principal with the support of her Assistant School Principal II, Mr. Ericson I. Nepomuceno along

with the competent faculty and staffs of TSHS. TSHS is among one of the stand-alone senior
high school in Nueva Ecija that offers various strand both academic and technical vocational such

as the ABM, GAS, HUMSS, STEM, and TVL (He-Cookery, ICT, Agriculture)

19

MISSION

Our mission is to understand the different perception of parents of grade 12 students for

us to make better plans. To gather and visualize a way to lessen the difficulties of challenges that

we are facing on online learning now in pandemic. For us to move forward together despite the

hardship. To ensure that each learner can adapt the new normal.

VISION

We, Talavera National High School-Senior High School researchers are forwardly

thinking to make much comfortable way of learning in new normal.to ready the learners to the

constant changing world and challenges in the future.to equipped with the best learning strategies

and practice honed by competent educators.to ensure that no one shall be left behind.
 20

Respondents of the Study

The respondents chosen for the study are the parents of grade 12 students in talavera

senior high school for the school year 2020-2021. The researcher took the number of the whole

population of the parents of grade 12 students in Talavera senior high school, the total population

is six hundred thirty-nine (639). Then the researcher selected one hundred twenty-seven (127)

samples that was derived using the Raosoft's Formula.

 21

Sampling Method

The researcher used the simple random sampling which is a Simple Random Sampling is

a sampling technique where every item in the population has an even chance and likelihood of

being selected in the sample. Here the selection of items completely depends on chance or by

probability and therefore this sampling technique is also sometimes known as a method of

chances.

(Valerie J. Easton and John H. McColl's)Simple random sampling is the basic sampling

technique where we select a group of subjects (a sample) for study from a larger group (a

population). Each individual is chosen entirely by chance and each member of the population has

an equal chance of being included in the sample. Every possible sample of a given size has the

same chance of selection.

 22

Research Instrument

The survey was conducted in Talavera Senior High school. The instrument that the

Researcher used is the questionnaire, all the statements we used in questionnaire was adapted

from UAS Dubai Parent Survey. The questionnaire consists of two parts and includes 10

questions using rating scales to generate an overview of parent perspective in online learning and

challenges about online learning.

 23

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher was able to conduct the study to the Parents of grade 12 students in

Talavera Senior High School, by first we will send a link of a survey that will be answered by

parents. The respondents will answer the survey questionnaire in their house or any comfortable

place Via Online platform or google form. The researcher choose the online platform because of

the pandemic. This is done to ask permission on allowing the researcher to conduct the survey.

The survey was given to determine the perspective of parents towards online learning and

Challenges in education during pandemic in Talavera Senior High School. For the selection of

the respondents, the researcher identified the population number six hundred thirty-nine (639) of

Parents Grade 12 students in Talavera Senior High School. With the use of the Raosoft's Formula

the researcher used one hundred twenty-seven (127) parents of Grade 12 students in Talavera

Senior High School.

After sending the link of the survey form in online platform to the respondents, the

researcher discussed how to answer the survey. Then, the survey questionnaire will be answered

by the chosen respondents.

The purpose of this study is to gather the respondent’s personal profile such as their age, sex and

perspective on online learning system and challenges in education during pandemic during the

first semester of the school year 2020-2021.

 24

Method of Data Analysis

In order to facilitate the accuracy and reliability of interpretations of data, the following statistical

tools was used: Mean, Frequency, Percentage and Pearson’s r

1. For the researcher identified the profile of the respondents by using, frequency and percentage.

In correlational statistics, frequency is used to determine the number of occurrence of a repeating

event. Percentage is used to measure a portion in relation to a whole. It is used to describe the

relationship of a part from the whole.

2. To calculate the mean of parent's perspective and challenges in education during pandemic.

The average learning strategy of the respondents was measured by obtaining the mean of each set

of data. The variation of distribution of data in each of the variables was measured by calculating

the standard deviation.

3. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient is used to determine the strength of a linear

association between two variables. It used to test the hypothesis of the study “The Perspective of

parents towards online learning and Challenges in Education during Pandemic"

 25
CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

The data gathered in this study were presented, analyzed, and interpreted in this chapter to

answer the objectives of the study. This chapter was analyzed based on the responses of one

hundred twenty-seven (127) parents of grade 12 students in Talavera Senior High School.

1. Respondents’ profile profile of parents of grade 12 students in Talavera Senior High School.

Profile Indicator Frequency(f) Percent(%)

SEX Male 45 35.4
Female 82 64.6
Mean 1.65
SD 0.480
AGE 40-50 33 26.0
51-60 41 32.3
61-70 53 41.7
Mean 2.16
SD 0.811

Table 1.Respondents’ profile

The table showed that sex has 35.4% number of male repondents and the number of

female respondents 64.6% with the total of 45 for male and 82 for female. Based on the table, the

dominant gender among the respondents is female. The sex has the mean of one point sixty-five

(1.65) with the standard deviation of zero point four hundred eighty (0.480). On the age the
parents of grade 12 students is 26.0% or total of 33 were 40-50 years old, 32.3% or total of 41

respondents were 51-60 years old, 41.7 or total of 53 respondents were 61-70 years old. The age

has the mean of two point sixteen (2.16) with the standard deviation of zero point eight hundred

eleven (0.811).

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32.3% or total of 41 respondents were 51-60 years old, 41.7 or total of 53 respondents were 61-

70 years old. The age has the mean of two point sixteen (2.16) with the standard deviation of zero

point eight hundred eleven (0.811).

2. Perception of parents towards online learning

Table 2. Shows the perception of parents towards online learning.

STATEMENTS MEAN STANDARD DESCRIPTION

DEVIATION
1. I am capable to support my child's learning 3.28 .518 Very high level of
at home. agreement
2. I am comfortable picking up all supplies 3.34 .538 Very high level of
necessary for my child/childrean. agreement
3. I am happy with apps/platforms used by 3.37 .561 Very high level of
my child for distance learning. agreement
4. I am worried about my child/children 3.24 .573 High level of
Social-emotional health. agreement
5. I am frequently assissting my child with their 3.12 .625 High level of
school work. agreement

As depicted on the table, on the statement “I am happy with apps/platforms used by my

child for distance learning” which is the highest mean 3.37 (very high level of agreement) with

the standard deviation of 561; and on the statement “I am frequently assisting my child with their

school work” which is the lowest mean of 3.12 (high level of agreement) with the standard

deviation of 0.625. The statement "I am capable to support my child's learning at home" The
mean is 3.28(Very high level of agreement) with the standard deviation of 0.518. The statement

"I am comfortable picking up all supplies necessary for my child" The mean is 3.34(Very high

level agreement) with the standard deviation of 0.538. The statement "I am worried about my

child/children Social-emotional health" The mean is 3.24(High level of agreement) with the

standard deviation of 0.573.

27

This results shows that the parents had very high level of agreement in supporting their child on

distance learning.This was evident in a survey conducted by researchers among respondents,

which revealed that parents is assisting or guiding their child on the school work being assigned

and they are comfortable picking up all supplies necessary for their child this means that parents

are really supporting their child on distance learning. They are happy about the apps or platforms

used by their child in online learning but they are also worried about their child social-emotional

health because it is not healthy not to go outside and not have a face to face communication.

According to Lebaste(2020) The parents role in distance learning. In a distance learning

approach. Parents would have to play an active role in the learning process. They would be the

one to facilitate and guide their children through the modular lessons that would be sent to

students while doing the online learning. Parents are their first teachers and they have a key role

in shaping up their character. A balance of education at home and school molds student's actual

learning.

3. Parents’ perception with regards the challenges on education during pandemic

Table 3. Parents’ perception with regards the challenges on education during pandemic

STATEMENTS MEAN STANDARD VERBAL

DEVIATION INTERPRETATION
1. My child has consistent access to internet 3.27 .636 Strongly
for online learning. agree
2. The data is limiting my child on internet 3.14 .698 Agree
access.
3. My child can keep up with the work being 3.06 .601 Agree
assigned.
4. My child can focus entirely on academic 3.13 .604 Agree
work being assigned.
5. The communication between the students 3.20 .595 Agree
and teacher is going smooth.
28

As seen on the table, The parents’ perception with regards the challenges on education

during pandemic it was revealed that the highest mean of 3.27 (Strongly agree) with the standard

deviation of 0.636.The statement “My child has consistent access to internet for online learning”

and the lowest mean 3.06 (Agree) with the standard deviation 0.601 on the statement "My child

can keep up with the work being assigned". The statement "The data is limiting my child on

internet access "The mean is 3.14(Agree) with the standard deviation 0.698.On the statement

"My child can focus entirely on academic work being assigned”, the mean is 3.13(Agree) with

the standard deviation of 0.604. On the last statement "he communication between the students

and teacher is going smooth" The mean is 3.20 (Agree) with the standard deviation of 0.595

This shows that parents are providing their child needs for online learning, but some parents

facing the challenges of not having internet or the data is limiting their access to the internet

which can cause their child not able to finish the school work or not be able to keep up to the

work being assigned. This also shows that their child can focus entirely on academic, in this new

learning system it is really hard to study so you really need to focus on the class and listen to your

teacher's discussion. The parents also agreed that the students and teacher is having a smooth

communication in online which is can really help the students to understand the lessons for the

entire class.
 According to Fishbane and Tomer(2020) research findings on what students with no

internet access during this Covid-19 pandemic show that as the level of poverty increases in the

community, the rate of internet accessibilities declined rapidly and by implications, students with

no or low socio-economic power to afford broadband connection are most vulnerable to fall

behind or encounter additional challenges to meet up with others in online learning.

29

According to Saavedra (2020) As education systems cope with this crisis, they must also be

thinking of how they can recover stronger, with a renewed sense of responsibility of all actors

and with a better understanding and sense of urgency of the need to close the gap in opportunities

and assuring that all children have the same chances for a quality education.

4. Significant relationship between the perception of parents towards online learning and

challenges on education during the pandemic.

Table 4. Relationship between the perception of parents towards online learning and

challenges on education during the pandemic.

Perception of parents Challenges On

Towards online Learning education
r-Value .0753** .459**

p-Value .001 .001

Legend: * - Significant at 0.05 level of significance; ** - Significant at 0.01 level of significance

As shown in the table 4, r-value in Perception of parents towards online learning obtained .

0753** with p-value of .001 . The r-value Parents’ perception with regards the challenges on
education during pandemic is .459** with the p-value of .001, Since the p-value obtained were

all lower than 0.01 level of significance and the r-value were all positive, it therefore shows that

there was a positive significant relationship between perception of parents towards online

learning and challenges on education during the pandemic.

This means the perception of parents towards online learning and challenges on

education and challenges during pandemic they both agree on the statements, and parents shows

the satisfaction on using the online learning system but also theres a lot of challenges they are

facing right now on the education of their child/children during the pandmic now.

30
CHAPTER V

Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Reccomendations

This present the summary of work undertaken, the conclusion drawn and the

recommendation made as an autograph of this study. The study focused on the perception of

parents toward online learning and challenges during the pandemic. This study use correlational

research design in which the respondent choose through simple ramdom sampling. The

respondent are one hundred twenty seven (127) parents of Grade 12 in Talavera Senior High

School.

Data were gathered through the use of online survey questionnaire or google document in

which the respondent's profile were stated. Composing their age and sex.

Results were statistically analysed using descriptive statistics such as mean, frequency and

percentage, standard deviation and Pearson r.

1 .Profile of the respondent’s

 In terms of age, (47.1%) or the majority of the respondent were 61-70 years old, one

(32.3%) were for 51-60 years old, and another one(26%) were for 40-50 years old. The mean age

of the respondent were 2.16 with the standard deviation of 0.811

In terms of sex, one (64.6%) or the majority of the respondent are female, one (35.4%)

Are for male, The mean sex of respondent were 1.65 with the standard deviation of 0.480 this

show that the dominant gender among the respondent is female.

31

2. Perception of parents toward online learning

The statement “I am happy with apps/platforms used by my child for distance learning”

which is the highest mean 3.37 with the standard deviation of 561. And on the statement “I am

frequently assisting my child with their school work” which is the lowest mean of 3.12 with the

standard deviation of 0.625. The statement "I am capable to support my child's learning at home"

The mean is 3.28 with the standard deviation of 0.518. The statement "I am comfortable picking

up all supplies necessary for my child"The mean is 3.34 with the standard deviation of 0.538. The

statement "I am worried about my child/children Social-emotional health" The mean is 3.24 with

the standard deviation of 0.573.This results shows that the parents had very high level of

agreement in supporting their child on distance learning.

3. Parents’ perception with regards the challenges on education during pandemic

 The statement 1 “My child has consistent access to internet for online learning” with

the mean of 3.27 with the standard deviation .636. The statement 2 “The data is limiting my child

on internet access with the mean of 3.14 with standards deviation of .698. The statement 3” My

child can keep up with the work being assigned” with the mean of 3.06 with the standard

deviation of .601. The statement 4 “My child can focus entirely on academic work being

assigned” with the mean of 3.13 with the standard deviation of .604. The statement 5 “The

communication between the students and the teacher is going smooth with the mean of 3.20 with

the standard deviation of .595.

32

4. Significant relationship between the perception of parents towards online learning and

challenges on education during the pandemic.

As shown in the table 4, r-value in Perception of parents towards online

learning obtained .0753** with p-value of .001 . The r-value Parents’ perception with regards

the challenges on education during pandemic is .459** with the p-value of .001, Since the p-

value obtained were all lower than 0.01 level of significance and the r-value were all positive, it

therefore shows that there was a positive significant relationship between perception of parents

towards online learning and challenges on education during the pandemic.

Conclusion

The following conclusions were drawn based on the findings of the study:

1. Most of the respondent were 61-70 years old, with the dominant gender of female

2. Most of the parent’s perception give very high agreement with the statement “I am happy with

apps/platforms used by my child for distance learning”.

3. Majority of the parents regard with the challenges that their child has a consistent internet for

online learning

4. The p-value obtained were all lower than 0.01 level of significance and the r-value were all

positive

33

Recommendations

Given the conclusions above, the following recommendations were hereby given:

1. Parents should practice and learn more effective teaching habits especially now because their

childrens have many misunderstood lessons.

2. Students shall improve their study habits and dont just rely on internet to get answers. They

should work as hard as possible.

3. Future researchers shall widen the scope of their research to further understand the Perception

of parents toward online learning: challenges on education during the pandemic.

 34
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