1.

Plane Surveys

a.) are made to locate precisely the points for horizontal control.
b.) cover limited areas and disregard the earth’s curvature
c.) are conducted by means of a plane table.
d.) are used to locate ground points for serial photography.

2. Geodetic surveys

a.) are conducted from an aeroplane for the purpose of mapping.

b.) involve large areas and take the earth’s curvature into account.
c.) are made with the surveyor’s compass.
d.) are a type of hydrographic survey.

3. Topographic surveys are surveys for

a.) determining land boundaries and areas.

b.) determining the shape of the bottom of rivers, lakes and harbors.
c.) locating objects below the earth’s surface.
d.) determining the shape of the surface of the ground and the location of natural and artificial features
on it.

4. The establishing of precise horizontal and vertical control points for detailed surveys is one of the
functions of the :

a.) Bureau of Standards c.) Coast and Geodetic Survey

b.) Corps of Engineers d.) General Land Office

5. Constant or systematic errors are:

a.) Compensating c.) Personal

b.) accidental d.) cumulative

6. Distance between two points in surveying means.

a.) distance measured with a steep tape

b.) horizontal distance
c.) vertical distance
d.) distance measured by stadia

7. An erecting telescope differs from an inverting telescope eyeplece chiefly in that it

a.) has more lenses c.) give a clearer image

b.) is more accurate d.) has less magnifying power

8. A term used to describe an apparent movement of the cross-hairs over the image, due to a slight
movement of the eye from side to side is called

a.) astigmatism c.) parallax

b.) myopia d.) refraction
9. The condition of parallax occurs in a transit or level telescope because

a.) the eyepiece is focused for infinite distance.

b.) the intersection of the cross-hairs is not on the longitudinal axis of the telescope.
c.) the cross-hairs and the image from the objective lens are in the same plane.
d.) the cross-hairs are not in the focal plane of the eyepiece

10. In order to avoid repeating an error of the orginial computer, calculations should be checked by:

a.) repeating the operations of the orginial computer

b.) computing by a difference method that the original computer.
c.) checking the original data
d.) reviewing the transcription of data and checking the calculation by independent methods.

11. The type of scale used most often by draftsmen to determine distances is the

a.) engineer’s c.) graphical

b.) architect’s d.) rhumba

12. If good field work is to be done with the compass, the surveyor should

a.) keep the declinator set at zero

b.) not carry a watch or pen knife.
c.) keep the needle swinging freely at all times.
d.) keep the point of the pivot sharp.

13. The nuts and bolts at the head of a tripod should be tightened so that the legs

a.) permit a slight twist for adjusting the head.

b.) squeak faintly when moved in and out
c.) will sink slowly to the ground.
d.) will stand in a horizontal position.

14. An auxiliary scale which slides along the main scale of a transit permitting the smallest division of the
main scale to be subdivided is called a

a.) micrometer c.) vernier

b.) planimeter d.) declinator

15. The least count of a Vernier is the

a.) number of divisions on main scale divided by number of divisions on vernier

b.) difference in number of divisions on main scale and vernier
c.) value of smallest division on main scale divided by number of divisions on vernier
d.) smallest value that can be read directly from the scale
16. A super visor’s relations with his subordinate chief of party should be

a.) standardized and uniform for each case in order to be fair

b.) varied depending upon circumstances
c.) controlled with no show of emotion
d.) serious and determined in each case

17. The most important job of a supervisor of field survey is to

a.) make himself liked

b.) get work done efficiently
c.) enforce discipline
d.) impress his men with his ability

18. In determining the cost of running a survey party,

a.) the breakdown of costs into direct and indirect factors is arbitrary
b.) direct charges can be varied readily over a year without loss of efficiency
c.) addition of 10% for profit on cash expenditures and 10% Interest from time of expense is to take care
of bad debts.
d.) it is not practical to base prices, salaries and costs on an index.

19. Before making a survey between certain points for a possible highway location the first step is to
obtain

a.) any state road maps covering the general area

b.) a quadrangle map of the USGS and any aerial photos and check them
c.) locations of any benchmarks in the area
d.) locations of any statewide coordinate points.

20. In highway surveys to determine drainage requirements, if quadrangles and air phots are not
available.

a.) the perimeter of larger drainage areas may be traversed

b.) small areas visible from center line can be banned from points on it.
c.) high water marks are sometimes accepted based upon physical evidence only
d.) all of above correct

21. The cosine of an angle of a triangle in terms of its complimentary on supplementary angles is equal
to the

a.) reciprocal of the sine of the angle

b.) square of the sine of the angle
c.) sine of an angle equal to 90 deg minus the angle
d.) tangent of the angle divided by the cotangent of the angles
22. Probable error is defined as

a.) error having greatest probability

b.) limits between which the true error lies
c.) error must likely to occur
d.) limits between which the true error has a 50 – 50 chance of falling.

23. Chromatic aberration of a telescope lens system is best reduced by using

a.) concave lenses c.) color filters

b.) concave and convex lenses d.) crows and flint glass lenses

24. A pantograph is a (an)

a.) form of planimeter

b.) scale comparable with a Beaman arc
c.) attachment for a tellurometer
d.) device to enlarge or reduce the scale of a drawing.

25. The method of least squares is used in surveying to ald in

a.) reducing corrections to observed values

b.) finding average values
c.) setting slope stakes
d.) adjusting triangulation nets

26. A correct relationship is

a.) 1 grad = π radians c.) 100 grads = 1200mils

b.) 1 degree = 0.90 grads d.) none of these

27. The Gunter’s or Surveyor’s chain is

a.) extensively used for accurate measurement of distances.

b.) the unit of measure for surveys of the Public Lands
c.) a continuous flat steel ribbon 100 ft. long.
d.) preferred for use in flat open country.

28. When measuring with the steel tape over rough or sloping ground by holding the tape horizontally,
the greatest error results from

a.) Holding the tape out of level c.) too great tension
b.) careless plumbing d.) too much sag

29. When measuring with the steel tape the head chainman should have

a.) the zero end ahead

b.) put the 100 ft. end ahead
c.) the end ahead which is best adapted to the procedure
d.) no preference as to which end is ahead
30. When measuring with the steel tape it is important at the very beginning of the survey for the
chainmen to

a.) put the zero end ahead

b.) put thr 100 ft. end ahead
c.) not the exact location of the zero 100 ft. marks
d.) note the method of marking the 5 ft. intervals

31. The usual manner of supporting a steel tape when using it under general conditions is

a.) at both ends

b.) at ends and quarter points
c.) at ends and center
d.) throughout its length on a level surface

32. To prosecute the work rapidly and accurately the head chainman should

a.) set the pins vertically

b.) stand so as to face the tape and off the line of sight
c.) line the rear chainman in
d.) remove obstructions form the tape.

33. A “station” as used in measuring linear distances is considered to be any point on a line

a.) occupied by an instrument

b.) at a multiple of a full tape length established by continuous chaining from a point of beginning.
c.) where a rod reading is to be taken
d.) established by continuous chaining form a point of beginning.

34. The term “station” when used in connection with distance is generalized considered in its broadest
sense to be

a.) a unit of distance equal to 100 ft.

b.) any point on a line occupied by a transit or level
c.) any point on a line set by continuous chaining from a point of beginning
d.) any point on a line where a rod reading is to be taken

35. When precision greater than 1/10 000 is required in measurement made with a steel tape,
corrections must be applied because

a.) wind causes a horizontal deflection of the tape

b.) the chainmen cannot transfer a point accurately by plumbing
c.) the tape is seldom used under condition for which it was standardized
d.) most tapes are not the correct length.
36. The most serious errors in ordinary taping are caused by

a.) holding one end of the tape too high or too low and not making the slope correction
b.) temperature variation
c.) errors in alignment
d.) errors in plumbing

37. A level surface which is used as a reference for measuring vertical distance called a

a.) bench mark c.) datum plane

b.) grade surface d.) horizontal surface

38. Profile leveling differs from differential leveling generally in the number of

a.) backlights c.) foresights

b.) instrument set ups d.) turning points

39. Profile leveling and differential leveling generally in the number of

a.) principle c.) field procedure

b.) accuracy d.) purpose

40. The term “backsight” in leveling means

a.) a sight in the general direction to the rear

b.) the vertical distance from the line of sight to a point whose elevation is to be determined.
c.) a rod reading on a point whose elevation is known.
d.) a rod reading on a turning point.

41. The height of instrument as used in leveling means the

a.) distance from the ground to the line of sight.

b.) elevation of the line of sight above the datum plane.
c.) height of the line of sight above the turning point or bench mark.
d.) overall height of the tripod and level combined.

42. Reciprocal leveling is used when

a.) a unit of distance equal to 100 ft.

b.) any point on a line occupied by a transit or level
c.) any point on a line set by continuous chaining from a point of beginning
d.) any point on a line where a rod reading is to be taken

43. Profile leveling is used when

a.) the elevations of the ground surface along a definite line are desired.
b.) the difference of elevation between any two points is desired.
c.) a less accurate determination of elevations is satisfactory
d.) unbalanced sights are necessary
44. The dumpy level differs from the wye level chiefly because it

a.) is more accurate

b.) has the telescope removable from its supports.
c.) can be adjusted more readily.
d.) has the telescope rigidly attached to its supports.

45. A double rodded line of levels means a line run

a.) in only one direction using two rods.

b.) twice in the same direction using one rod.
c.) using two turning points for each set up of the instrument.
d.) In both directions using only one rod.

46. A Philadelphia leveling rod is a

a.) target rod c.) target and self-reading rod

b.) self-reading rod d.) single section rod.

47. Regular stadia rods differ from leveling rods chiefly in

a.) width and thickness c.) design of marking

b.) lenght d.) readability at longer distances

48. A double rodded line of levels is a line which is run

a.) from one bench mark to another and back using a single rod and rodman.
b.) from one bench mark to another in one direction only using two rodmen and rods, as in precise work
c.) from one bench mark to another either in one direction or in both directions
d.) as an especially long line which does not close on a previously established B.M. whose elevation is
known.

49. In leveling operations, the practice of keeping distances to the backsights and the foresights
equalized eliminates the error caused by the

a.) bubble tube not being perpendicular to the vertical axis

b.) axis of the bubble tube and the line of sight not being in the same vertical plane
c.) horizontal cross-hair not being truly horizontal.
d.) line of sight not being parallel to the bubble tube axis

50. The most important characteristic of contour lines on a map is that

a.) they never cross each other

b.) they always close on each other within the limits of the map.
c.) all points on any one contour are in the same elevation
d.) they are not equally spaced on uniform slopes.

51. On a contour map, closely spaced contour lines Indicate

a.) Flat Slope c.) a relatively sharp slope

b.) very irregular land d.) a change in slope
52. On a plane sloping surface contour lines would be

a.) concentric curves uniformly spaced.

b.) straight parallel lines
c.) spaced at varying distances
d.) straight converging lines.

53. The grid or cross-section method of locating contours in the field is especially well adapted to

a.) small areas, contour intervals 1-2 ft., accurate location important.
b.) small areas, such as city lots, accurate location of contours not important
c.) large areas, large contour interval, map small scale
d.) large areas, large contour interval irregular ground.

54. The Interpolation method of locating contours in the field is preferable when the

a.) ground surface is gently sloping

b.) scale of the map is large
c.) area is small
d.) contour interval is large, ground irregular

55. The direct method of locating contours in the field is preferable when the

a.) ground surface is irregular c.) contour interval is large

b.) map scale is small d.) ground surface is gently rolling

56. Elimination of the errors due to curvature and refraction in leveling operations is accomplished by
keeping.

a.) lengths of sights less than 300 ft.

b.) distances to backsights and foresights balanced.
c.) level bubble accurately centered without regard to distances
d.) axis of line of sight perpendicular to the vertical axis.

57. A point observed by a level or transit appears to be higher that it really is because of

a.) curvature of the earth’s surface

b.) parallax of the telescope.
c.) refraction of the air
d.) convergence of light rays within the telescope

58. The most widely used means of representing relief in mapping is

a.) hachures c.) contour lines

b.) form lines d.) tinting (colors)
59. The hand level

a.) usually has 2x magnification

b.) is accrate enough for setting forms
c.) has no adjustment other than for focusing.
d.) utilizes a 45-degrees prism.

60. Short lines of various widths drawn on a map in the direction of greatest slope are commonly called

a.) form lines c.) hachures

b.) contours d.) slope lines

61. Lines that cross each other at even elevation on a topographic are called

a.) contour lines c.) hachures

b.) form lines d.) none of these

62. The most accurate of the following methods of leveling is

a.) reciprocal c.) barometric

b.) profile d.) differential

63. A vertical section of the line of a survey showing elevations is a

a.) plan c.) profile

b.) cross section d.) detail

64. Spot elvations are used to show

a.) contour points

b.) orientation points
c.) vertical control points
d.) summits, sags, and other critical points