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Renewable Energy Resourses PPT-1
Renewable Energy Resourses PPT-1
Indian Scenario
Pradeep Kumar
Chemical Engineering & Technology
Institute of Technology
Banaras Hindu University
Varanasi - 221005
Energy is all around us
Biomass fuels used in India account for about one third of the total
fuel used in the country, being the most important fuel used in
over 90% of the rural households and about 15% of the urban
households.
Geothermal
Geothermal manifestations are wide spread in India in the
form of 340 hot spring sites.
In India, Northwestern Himalayas and the western coast are
considered geothermal areas.
The Geological Survey of India has already identified more than
350 hot spring sites, which can be explored as areas to tap
geothermal energy.
The Puga valley in the Ladakh region has the most promising
geothermal field. An experimental 1-kW generator is already in
operation in this area.
It is being used mainly for poultry farming, mushroom cultivation,
and pashmina-wool processing, all of which need higher
temperature.
Co-generation
Co-generation is the concept of producing two forms of energy from
one fuel.
One of the forms of energy must always be heat and the other may be
electricity or mechanical energy.
In a conventional power plant, fuel is burnt in a boiler to generate high-
pressure steam. This steam is used to drive a turbine, which in turn
drives an alternator through a steam turbine to produce electric power.
The exhaust steam is generally condensed to water which goes back to
the boiler.
Even at conservative estimates, the potential of power generation from
co-generation in India is more than 20,000 MW.
Since India is the largest producer of sugar in the world, bagasse-based
cogeneration is being promoted.
The potential for cogeneration thus lies in facilities with joint
requirement of heat and electricity, primarily sugar and rice mills,
distilleries, petrochemical sector and industries such as fertilizers, steel,
chemical, cement, pulp and paper, and aluminum.
Wind energy
Five nations – Germany, USA, Denmark, Spain and India –
account for 80% of the world’s installed wind energy
capacity.
Wind energy continues to be the fastest growing renewable
energy source with worldwide wind power installed capacity
reaching 93 GW in 2020.
India ranks 5th in the world with a total wind power capacity
of 39 GW of wind energy has been installed out of which
1025Mw have been established in commercial projects.
In India the states of Tamilnadu and Gujarat lead in the field
of wind energy.
The centre has a new renewable energy target of 175 GW by
2022 which also includes the 60 GW onshore wind energy.
The south Indian state of Tamil Nadu tops the list, with an
annual wind power output of around 9,000 MW per annum —
recording 8,631 megawatts (MW) at the end of 2018 and
9,075MW in 2019
Summary & Conclusions
Critical energy issues facing us today need a
viable and sustainable long-term strategy
with contributions from
– Fundamental Technology Development
– Energy Efficiency
– Clean and/or Renewable Generation
– Public Policy and Financial Incentives
– Education & Outreach