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    Synthesis of P-Nitroacetanilide From Acetanilide: Name: Onkar Pardeshi Roll - No: 12 P.R.N: 12011027 Batch-B1

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    Onkar Bhosle
    This document describes the synthesis of p-nitroacetanilide from acetanilide. Acetanilide is treated with a nitrating mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids to form p-nitroacetanilide, along with a minor amount of o-nitroacetanilide. p-Nitroacetanilide is isolated by crystallization from ethanol due to its higher solubility. The reaction yields colorless crystals of p-nitroacetanilide, with a melting point of 214°C and expected yield of 4g. Precautions are taken to control the temperature below 20°C during addition of nitric acid.

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    Synthesis of P-Nitroacetanilide From Acetanilide: Name: Onkar Pardeshi Roll - No: 12 P.R.N: 12011027 Batch-B1

    Uploaded by

    Onkar Bhosle
    270 views6 pages
    This document describes the synthesis of p-nitroacetanilide from acetanilide. Acetanilide is treated with a nitrating mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids to form p-nitroacetanilide, along with a minor amount of o-nitroacetanilide. p-Nitroacetanilide is isolated by crystallization from ethanol due to its higher solubility. The reaction yields colorless crystals of p-nitroacetanilide, with a melting point of 214°C and expected yield of 4g. Precautions are taken to control the temperature below 20°C during addition of nitric acid.

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    Lab-5

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    This document describes the synthesis of p-nitroacetanilide from acetanilide. Acetanilide is treated with a nitrating mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids to form p-nitroacetanilide, along with a minor amount of o-nitroacetanilide. p-Nitroacetanilide is isolated by crystallization from ethanol due to its higher solubility. The reaction yields colorless crystals of p-nitroacetanilide, with a melting point of 214°C and expected yield of 4g. Precautions are taken to control the temperature below 20°C during addition of nitric acid.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    270 views6 pages

    Synthesis of P-Nitroacetanilide From Acetanilide: Name: Onkar Pardeshi Roll - No: 12 P.R.N: 12011027 Batch-B1

    Uploaded by

    Onkar Bhosle
    This document describes the synthesis of p-nitroacetanilide from acetanilide. Acetanilide is treated with a nitrating mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids to form p-nitroacetanilide, along with a minor amount of o-nitroacetanilide. p-Nitroacetanilide is isolated by crystallization from ethanol due to its higher solubility. The reaction yields colorless crystals of p-nitroacetanilide, with a melting point of 214°C and expected yield of 4g. Precautions are taken to control the temperature below 20°C during addition of nitric acid.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    Name: Onkar Pardeshi

    Roll.no: 12
    P.R.N: 12011027

    Batch-B1

    Synthesis of p-nitroacetanilide from


    acetanilide

    Aim:
    To prepare p-Nitroacetanilide from acetanilide and acetic acid
    in the presence of nitrating mixture.

    Theory:
    The organic compound p-nitroacetanilide is prepared from
    acetanilide through nitration. When acetanilide is treated with
    nitrating mixture that is a mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric
    acid p-nitroacetanilide is formed. Along with p-nitroacetanilide,
    o-nitroacetanilide is also formed as a minor product. Since o-
    nitroacetanilide is very much soluble in alcohol it is very easy to
    isolate p-nitroacetanilide through crystallization.
    The chemical reactions involved in this process is given below.
    It is an electrophilic substitution reaction. The electrophile
    -NO2 will attach the para position because the -NHCOCH3 is an
    electron releasing group. Nitro anilines can be prepared by this
    type of reactions because nitration of aniline is not possible,
    amino group gets oxidized with nitrating mixture. In order to
    protect the amino group from oxidation acetanilide is first
    nitrated to give p-nitroacetanilide and then on hydrolysis to give
    p-nitroaniline which is difficult to obtain by direct nitration.
    Other names – N-(4-nitrophenyl) acetamide, p-
    Acetamidonitrobenzene, p-Nitroacetanilide, N-Acetyl-4-
    nitroaniline

    Materials Required:
     Acetanilide
     Acetic acid
     Concentrated Sulphuric acid
     Fuming Nitric acid
     Ethyl alcohol
     Conical flask
     Beaker
     Dropping funnel
     Filter paper
     Glass rod
     Buchner funnel
     Pipette

    Apparatus Setup:
    Procedure:
     Take 3gm of finely powdered acetanilide in a clean beaker
    and dissolve it by adding glacial acetic acid by stirring the
    content carefully at room temperature.
     Gently warm the mixture to dissolve acetanilide
    completely.
     Cool the solution and add concentrated sulphuric acid
    slowly with constant stirring. The solution becomes warm,
    keep the mixture in ice-bath and clear solution is obtained.
     To the cool solution add fuming nitric acid dropwise
    through a dropping funnel with constant stirring.
     Maintain the temperature below 20oC during the whole
    process.
     Once the addition of nitric acid is completed, the beaker is
    removed from the freezing mixture bath and allow
    standing for half an hour at room temperature.
     Pour the mixture into 100gm of crushed ice in a beaker
    and stir well.
     Large crystals of p-nitroacetanilide is obtained. Filter the
    crystals through filter paper.
     The separated p-nitroacetanilide is washed with cold
    water in order to remove excess of acid.
     It is crystallized from ethyl alcohol. Dry the crystals in the
    folds of filter paper and weigh them to know the yield.

    Observations:
    Colour of the crystals Colourless

    Melting point 214oC

    Expected yield 4gm

    Results and Discussion:


    The yield of p-Nitroacetanilide is 4gm.

    Precautions:
    1. Temperature should not exceed more than 20oC.
    2. Advisable to add nitric acid into the reaction mixture while
    it is immersed in ice-bath
    3. Add fuming nitric acid drop by drop carefully and do not
    inhale the fumes of nitric acid.

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