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    Module 6 Rock

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    Anggi Ronsumbre
    Rocks are naturally formed aggregates composed of one or more minerals. They are classified into three major classes based on how they form: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from the crystallization of molten rock material either below Earth's surface (magma) or after eruption (lava). Sedimentary rocks form from the compaction or precipitation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of existing rocks in response to changes in temperature, pressure, or both.

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    Module 6 Rock

    Uploaded by

    Anggi Ronsumbre
    72 views12 pages
    Rocks are naturally formed aggregates composed of one or more minerals. They are classified into three major classes based on how they form: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from the crystallization of molten rock material either below Earth's surface (magma) or after eruption (lava). Sedimentary rocks form from the compaction or precipitation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of existing rocks in response to changes in temperature, pressure, or both.

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    Rocks are naturally formed aggregates composed of one or more minerals. They are classified into three major classes based on how they form: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from the crystallization of molten rock material either below Earth's surface (magma) or after eruption (lava). Sedimentary rocks form from the compaction or precipitation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of existing rocks in response to changes in temperature, pressure, or both.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    72 views12 pages

    Module 6 Rock

    Uploaded by

    Anggi Ronsumbre
    Rocks are naturally formed aggregates composed of one or more minerals. They are classified into three major classes based on how they form: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Igneous rocks form from the crystallization of molten rock material either below Earth's surface (magma) or after eruption (lava). Sedimentary rocks form from the compaction or precipitation of sediments. Metamorphic rocks form from the alteration of existing rocks in response to changes in temperature, pressure, or both.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 12

    Module 6

    Rocks
    Rocks

    What is a rock?
     A rock is a naturally formed aggregate
    composed of one or more minerals
     Rocks are aggregates of one or more
    minerals

    Which one is the best answer?


    Rocks

    Example of a rock, an aggregate of more than one minerals


    Rocks

     Rocks are classified on the basis of


    how they form

     There are 3 major classes of rocks:


     Igneous rocks
     Sedimentary rocks
     Metamorphic rocks
    Igneous Rocks

     Igneous Rocks form by crystallization of molten


    rock material

     Molten rock material below Earth’s surface is


    called magma
     Molten rock material erupted above Earth’s
    surface is called lava
     The name changes because the composition
    of the molten material changes as it is erupted
    due to escape of volatile gases
    Metamorphic Rocks

    • Metamorphic rocks are changed rocks


    • They are formed in the solid state in
    response to the following agents of
    metamorphism:
    • Change in pressure
    • Change in temperature
    • Change in pressure and temperature
    Metamorphic Rocks

    • The protolith (the parent rock) is the


    preexisting rock from which the
    metamorphic rock was formed

    • Metamorphism may cause a change in a


    rock’s:
    • Composition
    • Mineral assemblage
    • Texture
    • All of the above
    Sedimentary Rocks

    • Rocks formed from material derived from


    preexisting rocks by surfacial processes
    followed by diagenesis
    • There are two main classes of sedimentary
    rocks
     Clastic (detrital) sedimentary rocks
     Chemical sedimentary rocks
    Sedimentary Rocks

     Clastic sedimentary rocks are formed from


    bits and pieces of previously existing
    rocks, called clasts or detritus
     Chemical sedimentary rocks are formed in
    several ways
     By precipitation from aqueous solution
     From plant material
     From animal material
    Sedimentary Rocks
    Processes Leading to Formation of
    Clastic Sedimentary Rocks

     Weathering: the processes that change rocks’ size and


    composition at or near Earth’s surface
     Erosion and Transportation: removal of rock particles
    (clasts) from their source by water, wind, or glacial ice
     Deposition: the settling of clasts on Earth’s surface as
    sediments, leads to formation of a sedimentary bed
     Compaction: pressing together of clasts, squeezing out
    pore water, by pressure exerted by overlying beds
     Lithification: cementation of clasts together to form a
    sedimentary rock
     Diagenesis: a process of conversion of unconsolidated
    sediments to coherent sedimentary rocks
    Rocks Cycle
    Rocks

    How can you identify rocks megas


     Color: the first guide to differentiate
    minerals, texture, and structure
     Mineral composition: names (with brief
    description) and percentage of individual
    mineral
     Texture: the relationship between the
    grains of minerals forming a rock
     Structure: the relationship between
    different parts of a rock

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