DRUG STUDY

Diphenhydramine
Drug Action Indication Contraindication Common Side Effects Nursing Consideration
Generic name: Diphenhydramine acts Diphenhydramine is Common side effects of  Monitor the
Diphenhydramine as an inverse agonist at an antihistamine used  Documented Benadryl Injection include: patient’s response
the H1 receptor, to relieve symptoms hypersensitivity
Brand name: thereby reversing the of allergy, hay fever, to
 drowsiness,  Monitor respiratory
Benadryl effects of histamine on and the common cold.  diphenhydrami
ne  dizziness, function at rest and
capillaries, reducing  headache, during exercise.
Classification: allergic reaction Diphenhydramine can  Premature  irritability, Notify physician if
1st Generation, symptoms. also be used to help infants and  stomach upset, patient experiences
Antiemetic Agents. you relax and fall neonates any troublesome
 vision changes,
Lastly, asleep. wheezing, tightness
 Diphenhydrami  blurred vision,
Route: IV diphenhydramine acts This medication works in the throat or
as an intracellular by blocking a certain ne has additive  decreased
coordination, chest, or abnormal
sodium channel natural substance effects with bronchial
blocker, resulting in (histamine) That your alcohol and  constipation, and
secretions.
local anesthetic body makes during other CNS  dry mouth, nose or
properties. Has an allergic reaction.  depressants throat
 Instruct the patient
atropine-like, (hypnotics,
to avoid alcohol in
antipruritic, and sedatives,
order to avoid
sedative effects. tranquilizers)
serious sedation
 Patient is
allergic to  Educate patient on
antihistamines its common side
effects.
 Monoamine
oxidase  Instruct to report if
A inhibitors there are
prolong and hallucinations, loss
intensify the of coordination,
anticholinergic tremors, bleeding
 or bruising, visual
effects of
disturbances and
antihistamines
cardiac
 Pregnancy arrhythmias.
Category B -
used only if
clearly needed
 Pregnant
patient on third
trimester
 Lactating
patients.

Metoclopramide
Drug Action Indication Contraindication Common Side Effects Nursing Consideration
Generic Name: Metoclopramide inhibits This medication is Metoclopramide is Common side effects of  Ask the patient if
Metoclopramide the dopamine 2 and used to treat contraindicated to: Metoclopramide include: they are taking
serotonin 5-HT in the gastroesophageal  Seizure disorder other medication
Brand Name: chemoreceptor trigger reflux disease  Patient with  Diarrhea like depressants
Reglan zone (CTZ) located in the (GERD), nausea and gastrointestinal  Drowsiness as it can
area postrema of the brain vomiting caused by obstruction or  Muscle pain contraindicate the
Classification: that is responsible for the chemotherapy and perforation  Weakness drug and ask if
Antiemetic Agent metabolism and apoptosis diabetic  Pheochromocyt the patient has
of cells that enhances the gastroparesis. oma any allergy for
Dosage: release of acetylcholine metoclopramide
10 mg – 15 mg that can lower the  Encourage the
 esophageal sphincter and patient not to
Frequency: gastric tone that will drink alcoholic
QID – four times a eventually accelerate the beverages while
day gastric emptying. taking the
medicine
Route: Oral  Monitor for
tremors and facial
grimacing that
can indicate
adverse effect
 Educate the
patient for
drowsiness and
encourage not to
continue driving
for the mean time
while taking the
drug.

Prednisone: 0.5mg/kg
Drug Action Indication Contraindication Common Side Effects Nursing Consideration
Generic Name: This drug acts by This drug is indicated Prednisone is The common side effects of
Prednisone decreasing in patients as an anti- contraindicated in: Prednisone include: • Monitor Vital
inflammation inflammatory or Signs especially
Brand Name: through suppression immunosuppressive - Patients with  headache, the blood pressure
Deltasone of the migration of drug for allergic, hypersensitivity  nausea, due to the fact that
polymorphonuclear dermatologic, to prednisone  vomiting, hypertension can
Classification: leukocytes and gastrointestinal, and ingredients occur as side
Corticosteroids reversing increased hematologic, formulated with  hypertension, effect.
capillary ophthalmologic, it.  weight gain, • Occurrence of
Dosage: permeability. nervous system, - Patients with  restlessness, and gastric irritation
0.5 mg/kg Immune System is renal, respiratory, untreated  trouble sleeping may be reduced
also suppressed by rheumatologic, serious by taking the
reducing its activity infectious, endocrine, infections. medication,
Route: and volume. or neoplastic before, during, or
Oral conditions. immediately after
meals. May also
be taken with food
and milk.
• The recommended
time of
administration is
during the
maximal activity
of the adrenal
cortex.
• If in case of a
missed dose, take
the missed dose
immediately but if
it is near the time
to take another
dose, skip the
missed dose and
continue the
regular dose.
Never double up
the dosage.
• This drug should
be gradually
tapered off over
four weeks.
• Prolonged usage
may increase the
 risk for infections,
glaucoma, and
cataract.
• Record the
medication given,
time it was given,
and the dosage or
amount of
medication given.