English for

Academic and
Professional
Purposes
Submitted by: Turingan, Elaine Jhen G.
STEM 12-Galileo
Submitted to : Ma’am Ma. Cristina Pabalate
 Lesson 1: Academic Texts and Text Structure
Introduction
What language do you use at home? Is it easy to use?
▪ Filipino is the language that I use at home. Yes, it is easy to use since it is my
Mother Tongue.
What language do you use at school? Do you find it convenient to use?
▪ English and Filipino are the languages that I use at school. Yes, they're both
convenient to use.
What do you think is the kind of language that is to be used in the Workplace?
▪ English, in my opinion, is the type of language that should be utilized in the
workplace.
Why did you say so?
▪ Because it is appropriate. English is the universal language, and the people
working in a workplace are diverse, it is not just one nationality so English must
be utilized in order for everyone to understand one another.

Development
Learning Task #1

Read the following texts and identify the type of writing present in these examples.
Text A – Non-Academic Text
Tom, Wazz up dude, It’s been two weeks since I left and It feels like jeezzz. I know it is
very hard but adjusting to this place is just simply amazing. You know what, I already
made new friends and I know that nobody can replace my best pal in the world. You
know what I mean. It will be a totally different world now that you are not by my side. No
free popcorn. Anyways, I’d been preparing for a presentation about our place and I
would like you to be my starting point. I’d like to have to hear from you soon. I know that
your connection there right now is poor because of the rain. I’d love to make a video call
after later, if that’s ok? Till later…
Your beshie,
Jorge
TEXT B – Academic Text
Another lesson we learned is this: democracy in its turn does not automatically mean
prosperity. For prosperity also has a mind of its own and does not follow democracy
around like a faithful dog. Prosperity too must be earned … by land reform and
industrialization; by postponing consumption to build up savings and investments,
passing up the temporal joys of English Leather for an extra clink into the piggy bank; by
patronizing our local industries; and most of all by a policy of protectionism that
promotes economic development and national self – reliance. To be free is to be
responsible for one’s self. When you come home at night from your school, office or
factory, and lay your head on the pillow to claim the rest you earned at the end of a long
day, between the closing of your eyes where thought and plans and prayers dwell:
Think. Think of the role you play in the great task before us, building a nation destined
to be a force in a free and better world. Plan. Measure out new possibilities that none
shall suffer for lack of work and that hope shall come sooner than our people have a
right to expect. And Pray. Pray that our nation may, under God, survive to greatness
through its Awkward Age.

TEXT C – Academic Text

Philippine Scouts from Calamba City Council gathered for this environment activity
which allow them to learn and apply knowledge toward how to take care of the
environment. The activity was conducted at Canlubang Elementary School, Calamba
City, Laguna, Philippines, one of the oldest public elementary school in the area and
has a long history of scouting activities that were conducted started more than fifty
years ago. Boy scouts and Senior Scouts attended different modules and were asked to
complete different challenges that are anchored on the five general aims of the World
Scout Environment Program (WSEP). Some of the activities that were conducted
include a garbage challenge which taught the students on how to take care of waste
through the 5R: Refuse, Repair, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. The scouts were also
asked to collect garbage within the activity area and were asked to segregate them into
biodegradable and nonbiodegradable. The activity also featured a special clap and yell
that promoted WSEP in general. The activity ended with the scouts being reminded to
conduct an activity that is related to taking care of the environment.

TEXT D – Academic Text

The study is an attempt to show how one can improve vocabulary in research through
exposing oneself to explicit peer instruction of using words that are related to research
on a daily basis. The respondents are grade twelve students of Majada In Integrated
School and has utilized the words as subject in research. This study has used
quantitative research design as it gathers data through conducting experimental design
in order to establish the usefulness of the intervention being implemented in the course
of the study. The data has been analyzed using t – test for dependent samples and the
result has shown a significant difference in the performance of the student
strengthening the claim of the importance of explicit instruction in order to improve
students’ vocabulary.
Answer the given questions based on the examples given.
1. Based on the texts presented, which are considered academic texts? And which
considered non – academic texts?

➢ Texts B, C, and D are considered academic texts while Text A is

considered a non-academic text.

2. For you, what makes academic text different from non-academic text?

➢ Academic text is a type of text that is utilized for academic purposes. It is

impersonal, structured, and hedged, and it uses a formal language. Whilst
non-academic text, it is written for the general public. It could be informal
and personal, and it could rely on the author’s emotion or opinions
depending on the sole purpose of his/her text.

Learning Task 2

Evaluate the given texts and complete the table by answering the questions below:
Text A Text B Text C Text D
What is the Checking on a The The The
subject of the friend/Valuing relationship environmental improvement
text? Friendship between activity of of vocabulary
democracy Calamba Scouts in research
and prosperity led by Canlubang
Elementary
School
What is the Showing Informing Informing Informing
purpose of the appreciation
writer in writing
the text?
Who are the His best friend, General Environmentalists/ Researchers
intended Tom Readers/ Advocates
audience of the Mass Public
text?
Does the text Informal Formal Formal Formal
use formal or
 informal
language?
Does the text Personal Impersonal Impersonal Impersonal
use personal or
impersonal
style of writing?
Is the text No Yes Yes Yes
written using
the proper
structure?
(Yes/No)

Engagement
Learning Task 3

Reduce the informality of the following words by substituting the informal two- word verb
phrase with a more formal one – word equivalent.
1. These leg exercises can easily be incorporated into the patient’s course of
therapy, with each done again a number of times.
• These leg exercises can easily be incorporated into the patient’s course of
therapy, with each repeating a number of times.
2. The judge ruled that it is only fair and equitable to give back the property to the
aggrieved party.
• The judge ruled that it is only fair and equitable to return the property to
the aggrieved party.
3. The participants carefully read the guidelines on how to carry out the
experiment.
• The participants carefully read the guidelines on how to implement the
experiment.
4. One key factor that contributed to the problem is their inability to put up with
diversity in others.
• One key factor that contributed to the problem is their inability to endure
diversity in others.
5. This pandemic has required us to make out all of our resources responsibly.
• This pandemic has required us to manage all of our resources
responsibly.

Learning Task 4
One of the things that people miss at this point is being reminded on how to follow the
safety protocols to avoid contracting or getting COVID – 19. Your task is to write a post
on your FB wall or in a clean sheet of paper containing a reminder for the community to
continue observing the safety protocols in order to reduce the number of cases in your
locality. The post should follow the academic writing conventions and should be at least
a hundred words expressing the desire that if we do this together, we can defeat the
spreading of the virus.
Assimilation
Learning Task 5

This time you have another set of reading selections to read. Understand and analyze
each so that you will be able to answer the following questions:
1. In your opinion, which of the texts is an academic text?
➢ In my opinion, text b is considered as an academic text.

2. How did you consider it/them an academic text?

➢ Academic text is often considered a formal mode of writing because it is
designed for an educated audience. Text B is classified as an academic
text because the language and information in the text are meant for an
educated audience and are based on research, factual evidence, and the
opinions of an educated scholar. It's also similar to a research report,
which is an example of academic text.

Reading Text A: The Sob Sister’s Story

The dead girl, beautiful and peaceful in death, her scarlet lips slightly parted as though
whispering a caress to her lover, her blue eyes gentle and unquestioning as a baby’s,
lay in the murderer’s arms like a child who has been rocked to sleep. Her golden hair
falling in profusion about her shoulder all but concealed the cruel welt of red about her
throat. The murderer, clutching is still burden to him, like a mother holding an infant,
appeared dazed. As the police came in, he rose to meet them, still carrying his precious
burden in his arms. The officers had almost to force him to relinquish her. He could not
answer questions- could merely clutch the closer to his breast all that remained of the
girl he loved better than life, and mutter, “ I love her, I love her,” like a man in a dream. A
few hours later when I saw him in the sordid surroundings of the 10th Precinct Station
House, so different from the cozy cottage which had been the abode of a tragic love, he
was still dry-eyed, though his face wore a ghastly pallor. But when tried to question him,
I became aware of terrific strain under which he suffered, and he showed all signs of a
man on the verge of hysteria. When I tried to draw from him the motive for the pitiful
tragedy, he could only rely, his pale boyish face like a mask: “I killed her, but God didn’t
say a word, a word.” At last he managed pitifully to say: “I killed her so that she would
be mine alone for always!”

Reading Text B. From the Autopsy Surgeon’s Report

Death occurred from the effects of asphyxia, cerebral anemia, and shock. The victim’s
hair was used for the constriction ligature. Local marks of the ligature were readily
discernible: there were some abrasion and a slight ecchymosis in the skin. But I found
no obvious lesion in the blood vessels of the neck. Cyanosis of the head was very slight
and there were no pronounced hemorrhagesin the galea of the scalp. I should judge
that very great compression was effected almost immediately, with compression of the
arteries as well as of the vein, and that the superior laryngeal nerve was traumatized in
the effect of throwing the victim into profound shock… The lungs revealed cyanosis,
congestion, over aeration, and sub pleural petechial hemorrhages.
Questions to answer:
1. Which one from the 2 selection did you understand easily? Why?
➢ From the two selection, I easily understand the Text A: A Sob Sister’s
Story. Because it is a story with informal and casual language. The text is
intended for the general public, and not just solely for an educated
audience.

Learning Task 6

Based on the previous activities and discussion, answer the following questions.
1. What is academic writing? Cite examples.
❖ According to Saqueton and Uycheco, academic writing is a process that
begins with posing a question, progresses through problematizing a
concept, evaluating an opinion, and concludes with answering the
question/questions given in order to clarify the problem and/or argue for a
position.
❖ Essay, concept paper, reaction paper, position paper, research paper and
education reports are some examples of academic writing.

2. What is the difference of academic writing from non – academic writing? Explain.
❖ Academic writing is a type of writing that concentrates on a certain
academic topic, whereas non-academic writing covers and focuses on
general topics. Academic writing employs formal language, it avoids
conversational tone, it is objective and depends significantly on facts with
solid basis, whereas non-academic writing employs an informal tone, it
uses casual and slang words and it strongly relies on the author’s
emotional appeal or ideas.

3. What makes an academic text? Elaborate your answer.

❖ An academic text is made up of a solid and proper text structure, such as
the three-part essay and IMRaD. A well-structured academic text allows
the reader to understand the argument and navigate the text
appropriately. It aids the reader’s comprehension of the academic material
 and guarantees that the most significant points and themes are
addressed.

4. What is the importance of writing academic text in your chosen track in SHS?
Cite specific examples.
❖ Writing academic text in my chosen SHS track is important because it will
improve my writing skills and help me to understand the differences
between specific words or vocabulary suited for a specific academic
discipline, in this case, my chosen SHS track.

❖ The word arm, for example, has a different meaning in the STEM and
ABM tracks. In STEM, an arm is a body part, whereas in ABM, it is a
division of a company. The term virus is another example. It refers to an
infective agent that causes illness or disease in STEM, and it refers to a
piece of code that corrupts a system or destroys data in TVL-CSS.

Assessment
Answer the following items with the knowledge you have gained from the lesson.
_C_1. Which from the following is NOT a characteristics of an academic writing?
a. Avoiding contractions
b. Uses the impersonal style of writing
c. The passive voice of the verb is used
d. Personal pronouns are not used in writing
_D_2. Which among the following is an example of academic writing?
a. Anecdote c. Friendly letter
b. Autobiography d. Reaction paper
_D_3. What consideration of academic writing refers to the reason why a particular
writing is produced?
a. Audience c. Role
b. Format d. Purpose
_A_4. What does formal academic writing mean?
a. Avoiding biases in writing.
b. Avoiding mistakes in grammar.
c. Avoiding conversational tone in writing.
d. Avoiding irrelevant or insignificant ideas in writing
_C_5. What could be the most formal substitute for the underlined colloquial expression
below. The most recent military offensive finally managed to drive back the enemy
forces.
a. advance c. Retreat
b. negotiate d. Salvage