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    D) Discuss The Cold Extrusion Processes & Extrusion Defects

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    Asad kk
    The document discusses three cold extrusion processes: (1) Hooker extrusion process which produces thin-walled tubes in two stages of cup shaping and elongation, (2) Hydrostatic extrusion which applies high pressure of 1000-3000 MPa through a fluid medium to extrude relatively brittle materials, and (3) Impact extrusion where a punch strikes a blank to deform the material into an annular space for making collapsible tubes. It also briefly discusses cold extrusion forging which uses a slowly descending punch for short, thick products. Extrusion defects can include surface or internal cracks due to heat or impurities.

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    D) Discuss The Cold Extrusion Processes & Extrusion Defects

    Uploaded by

    Asad kk
    25 views6 pages
    The document discusses three cold extrusion processes: (1) Hooker extrusion process which produces thin-walled tubes in two stages of cup shaping and elongation, (2) Hydrostatic extrusion which applies high pressure of 1000-3000 MPa through a fluid medium to extrude relatively brittle materials, and (3) Impact extrusion where a punch strikes a blank to deform the material into an annular space for making collapsible tubes. It also briefly discusses cold extrusion forging which uses a slowly descending punch for short, thick products. Extrusion defects can include surface or internal cracks due to heat or impurities.

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    The document discusses three cold extrusion processes: (1) Hooker extrusion process which produces thin-walled tubes in two stages of cup shaping and elongation, (2) Hydrostatic extrusion which applies high pressure of 1000-3000 MPa through a fluid medium to extrude relatively brittle materials, and (3) Impact extrusion where a punch strikes a blank to deform the material into an annular space for making collapsible tubes. It also briefly discusses cold extrusion forging which uses a slowly descending punch for short, thick products. Extrusion defects can include surface or internal cracks due to heat or impurities.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    25 views6 pages

    D) Discuss The Cold Extrusion Processes & Extrusion Defects

    Uploaded by

    Asad kk
    The document discusses three cold extrusion processes: (1) Hooker extrusion process which produces thin-walled tubes in two stages of cup shaping and elongation, (2) Hydrostatic extrusion which applies high pressure of 1000-3000 MPa through a fluid medium to extrude relatively brittle materials, and (3) Impact extrusion where a punch strikes a blank to deform the material into an annular space for making collapsible tubes. It also briefly discusses cold extrusion forging which uses a slowly descending punch for short, thick products. Extrusion defects can include surface or internal cracks due to heat or impurities.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 6

    d) Discuss the Cold Extrusion Processes &

    Extrusion Defects.
    EXTRUSION
    CLASSIFICATION OF EXTRUSION
    PROCESSES
    (B) Cold Extrusion
    (i) Hooker extrusion Process.
    This process is also known as extrusion
    down method. It is used for producing
    small thin-walled seamless tubes of
    aluminum and copper.

    This is done in two stages. In the first stage


    the blank is converted into a cup shaped
    piece. In the second stage, the walls of the
    cup one thinned and it is elongated. This
    process is a direct extrusion process.
    EXTRUSION
    CLASSIFICATION OF EXTRUSION PROCESSES
    (B) Cold Extrusion
    (ii) Hydrostatic Extrusion Process.
    This is a direct extrusion process. But the pressure is applied
    to the metal blank on all sides through a fluid medium.

    The fluids commonly used are glycerine, ethyl glycol, mineral


    oils, castor oil mixed with alcohol etc. Very high pressures
    are used – 1000 to 3000 MPa. Relatively brittle materials can
    also be successfully extruded by this method.

    *The animation is of hydro-forming to give only an idea about


    hydrostatic extrusion process.*
    EXTRUSION
    CLASSIFICATION OF EXTRUSION PROCESSES
    (B) Cold Extrusion
    (iii) Impact Extrusion Process.
    In this process, the punch descends with high velocity and
    strikes in the center of the blank which is placed in a die.
    The material deforms and fills up the annular space between
    the die and the punch flowing upwards. Before the use of
    laminated plastic for manufacturing toothpaste, shaving cream
    tubes etc., these collapsible tubes containing paste are still made by
    this process.

    This process is a backward extrusion process.


    EXTRUSION
    CLASSIFICATION OF EXTRUSION PROCESSES
    (B) Cold Extrusion
    (iv) Cold Extrusion forging.
    This is generally like the impact extrusion process; but there are two differences:
    1. In this process the punch descends slowly, and
    2. The height of extruded product is short, and the side walls are much thicker
    than the thin-walled products produced by the impact extrusion process.

    This process is one of backward extrusion.


    EXTRUSION
    MACHINES FOR EXTRUSION
    ▪ Both hydraulic and mechanical presses of horizontal and vertical configuration are used for
    extrusion.
    ▪ They should be capable of exerting high forces and their rams should have long strokes.
    ▪ To reduce friction between metal and extrusion chamber walls, lubricants are used.
    ▪ The dies and punches are made from good quality alloy steels which are known as hot
    and cold die steels.
    ▪ Extrusion speed is of the order of 0.5 m/sec for light alloys and 4.5 m/sec for copper alloys.

    EXTRUSION DEFECTS
    ▪ Sometimes the surface of extruded metal/products develop
    surface cracks. This is due to heat generated in the extrusion
    process. These cracks are specially associated with aluminum,
    magnesium and zinc alloy extrusions.
    ▪ The extruded product can develop internal cracks also. These
    are variously known as center burst, piping and surface cracking.
    The tendency for center cracking increases with increasing die
    angles and material impurities.

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