General Information: Section
General Information: Section
General Information: Section
GI
GI
B
SECTION
GENERAL INFORMATION C
E
CONTENTS
HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL ...................... 3 Manual Transaxle Number ......................................25 F
Dimensions ..............................................................25
HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL ............................ 3 Wheels & Tires ........................................................26
Description ................................................................ 3 G
Terms ........................................................................ 3 PRECAUTION .............................................. 27
Units .......................................................................... 3
Contents .................................................................... 3 PRECAUTIONS ................................................. 27
Description ...............................................................27 H
Relation between Illustrations and Descriptions ...... 4
Components .............................................................. 4 Precaution for Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) "AIR BAG" and "SEAT BELT PRE-TEN-
HOW TO FOLLOW TROUBLE DIAGNOSES ..... 6 SIONER" .................................................................27 I
Description ................................................................ 6 Procedures without Cowl Top Cover .......................27
How to Follow Test Groups in Trouble Diagnosis...... 6 Cautions in Removing Battery Terminal and AV
Key to Symbols Signifying Measurements or Pro- Control Unit ..............................................................27
J
cedures ..................................................................... 7 General Precautions ................................................28
Three Way Catalyst .................................................29
HOW TO READ WIRING DIAGRAMS ................ 9 Fuel ..........................................................................29
Connector symbols ................................................... 9 Multiport Fuel Injection System or Engine Control K
Sample/wiring diagram -example- ........................... 10 System .....................................................................30
Description .............................................................. 11 Hoses ......................................................................30
Engine Oils ..............................................................31 L
ABBREVIATIONS ..............................................13 Air Conditioning .......................................................31
Abbreviation List ...................................................... 13
LIFTING POINT ................................................. 32
TIGHTENING TORQUE OF STANDARD Special Service Tool ................................................32 M
BOLTS ................................................................18 Garage Jack and Safety Stand and 2-Pole Lift .......32
Description .............................................................. 18 Board-on Lift ............................................................33
Tightening Torque Table (New Standard Includ- N
ed) ........................................................................... 18 TOW TRUCK TOWING ..................................... 34
Tow Truck Towing ...................................................34
RECOMMENDED CHEMICAL PRODUCTS Vehicle Recovery (Freeing a Stuck Vehicle) ...........35
AND SEALANTS ................................................21 O
Recommended Chemical Products and Sealants.... 21 BASIC INSPECTION ................................... 36
VEHICLE INFORMATION ............................ 22 SERVICE INFORMATION FOR ELECTRICAL P
INCIDENT .......................................................... 36
IDENTIFICATION INFORMATION .....................22 Work Flow ................................................................36
Model Variation ....................................................... 22 Control Units and Electrical Parts ............................36
Identification Number .............................................. 23 How to Check Terminal ...........................................37
Identification Plate ................................................... 24 Intermittent Incident .................................................40
Engine Serial Number ............................................. 25 Circuit Inspection .....................................................42
CVT Number ........................................................... 25
• The captions WARNING and CAUTION warn you of steps that must be followed to prevent personal injury
and/or damage to some part of the vehicle. D
WARNING indicates the possibility of personal injury if instructions are not followed.
CAUTION indicates the possibility of component damage if instructions are not followed.
BOLD TYPED STATEMENTS except WARNING and CAUTION give you helpful information. E
Standard value: Tolerance at inspection and adjustment.
Limit value: The maximum or minimum limit value that should not be exceeded at inspection and adjust-
ment.
F
Units INFOID:0000000011539183
• The UNITS given in this manual are primarily expressed as the SI UNIT (International System of Unit), and G
alternatively expressed in the metric system and in the yard/pound system.
Also with regard to tightening torque of bolts and nuts, there are descriptions both about range and about the
standard tightening torque.
H
“Example”
Range
I
Outer Socket Lock Nut : 59 - 78 N·m (6.0 - 8.0 kg-m, 43 - 58 ft-lb)
Standard J
• A QUICK REFERENCE INDEX, a black tab (e.g. ) is provided on the first page. You can quickly find the L
first page of each section by matching it to the section's black tab.
• THE CONTENTS are listed on the first page of each section.
• THE TITLE is indicated on the upper portion of each page and shows the part or system.
• THE PAGE NUMBER of each section consists of two or three letters which designate the particular section M
and a number (e.g. “BR-5”).
• THE SMALL ILLUSTRATIONS show the important steps such as inspection, use of special tools, knacks of
work and hidden or tricky steps which are not shown in the previous large illustrations. N
Assembly, inspection and adjustment procedures for the complicated units such as the automatic transaxle
or transmission, etc. are presented in a step-by-step format where necessary.
The following sample explains the relationship between the part description in an illustration, the part name in
the text and the service procedures.
SAIA0519E
Components INFOID:0000000011539186
• THE LARGE ILLUSTRATIONS are exploded views (see the following) and contain tightening torques, lubri-
cation points, section number of the PARTS CATALOG (e.g. SEC. 440) and other information necessary to
perform repairs.
The illustrations should be used in reference to service matters only. When ordering parts, refer to the appro-
priate PARTS CATALOG.
Always check with the PARTS DEPARTMENT for the latest parts information.
Components shown in an illustration may be identified by a circled number. When this style of illustration is
used, the text description of the components will follow the illustration.
GI
JPFIA0511GB F
SYMBOLS
J
N
SAIA0749E
NOTICE:
Trouble diagnoses indicate work procedures required to diagnose problems effectively. Observe the following
instructions before diagnosing.
• Before performing trouble diagnoses, read the “Work Flow” in each section.
• After repairs, re-check that the problem has been completely eliminated.
• Refer to Component Parts and Harness Connector Location for the Systems described in each section for
identification/location of components and harness connectors.
• When checking circuit continuity, ignition switch should be OFF.
• Refer to the Circuit Diagram for quick pinpoint check.
If you need to check circuit continuity between harness connectors in more detail, such as when a sub-har-
ness is used, refer to Wiring Diagram in each individual section and Harness Layout in PG section for identi-
fication of harness connectors.
• Before checking voltage at connectors, check battery voltage.
• After accomplishing the Diagnosis Procedures and Electrical Components Inspection, make sure that all
harness connectors are reconnected as they were.
How to Follow Test Groups in Trouble Diagnosis INFOID:0000000011539188
JPAIA0021GB
GI
I
JPAIA0982GB
JSAIA1461GB
Most of connector symbols in wiring diagrams are shown from the terminal side. B
• Connector symbols shown from the terminal side are enclosed by
a single line and followed by the direction mark.
• Connector symbols shown from the harness side are enclosed by
a double line and followed by the direction mark. C
• Certain systems and components, especially those related to
OBD, may use a new style slide-locking type harness connector.
For description and how to disconnect, refer to PG section, D
“Description”, “HARNESS CONNECTOR”.
SAIA0257E
I
• Male and female terminals
Connector guides for male terminals are shown in black and
female terminals in white in wiring diagrams. J
SGI363
P
JCAWA0005GB
GI
SWITCH POSITIONS P
Switches are shown in wiring diagrams as if the vehicle is in the “normal” condition.
A vehicle is in the “normal” condition when:
SGI860
MULTIPLE SWITCH
The continuity of multiple switch is described in two ways as shown below.
• The switch chart is used in schematic diagrams.
• The switch diagram is used in wiring diagrams.
JSAIA0017GB
C
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION L
CKP Crankshaft position
CL Closed loop
CMP Camshaft position M
CPP Clutch pedal position
CTP Closed throttle position
N
CVT Continuously variable transaxle/transmission
D
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION O
D1 Drive range first gear
D2 Drive range second gear
P
D3 Drive range third gear
D4 Drive range fourth gear
DCA Distance control assist
DDS Downhill drive support
DFI Direct fuel injection system
E
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
E/T Exhaust temperature
EBD Electric brake force distribution
EC Engine control
ECL Engine coolant level
ECM Engine control module
ECT Engine coolant temperature
ECV Electrical control valve
EEPROM Electrically erasable programmable read only memory
EFT Engine fuel temperature
EGR Exhaust gas recirculation
EGRT Exhaust gas recirculation temperature
EGT Exhaust gas temperature
EOP Engine oil pressure
EP Exhaust pressure
EPR Exhaust pressure regulator
EPS Electronically controlled power steering
ESP Electronic stability program system
EVAP canister Evaporative emission canister
EVSE Electric vehicle supply equipment
EXC Exhaust control
F
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
FC Fan control
FCW Forward collision warning
FIC Fuel injector control
FP Fuel pump
FR Front
FRP Fuel rail pressure
FRT Fuel rail temperature
FTP Fuel tank pressure
FTT Fuel tank temperature
G
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
GND Ground
GPS Global positioning system
GST Generic scan tool
H
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
HBMC Hydraulic body-motion control system
HDD Hard disk drive
HO2S Heated oxygen sensor
I B
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
I/M Inspection and maintenance
IA Intake air C
IAC Idle air control
IAT Intake air temperature
D
IBA Intelligent brake assist
IC Ignition control
ICC Intelligent cruise control E
ICM Ignition control module
IPDM E/R Intelligent power distribution module engine room
F
ISC Idle speed control
ISS Input shaft speed
ITS Information technology suite G
K
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
KS Knock sensor H
L
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
I
LBC Li-ion battery controller
LCD Liquid crystal display
LCU Local control unit J
LDP Lane departure prevention
LDW Lane departure warning
K
LED Light emitting diode
LH Left-hand
LHD Left-hand drive L
LIN Local interconnect network
M
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION M
M/T Manual transaxle/transmission
MAF Mass airflow
N
MAP Manifold absolute pressure
MDU Multi display unit
MI Malfunction indicator O
MIL Malfunction indicator lamp
MOD Moving object detection
P
N
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
NOX Nitrogen oxides
P
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
P/S Power steering
PBR Potentio balance resistor
PCV Positive crankcase ventilation
PFCW Predictive forward collision warning
PNP Park/Neutral position
PSP Power steering pressure
PTC Positive temperature coefficient
PTO Power takeoff
PWM Pulse width modulation
R
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
RAM Random access memory
RAS Rear active steer
RH Right-hand
RHD Right-hand drive
ROM Read only memory
RPM Engine speed
RR Rear
S
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.
SCK Serial clock
SDS Service Data and Specifications
SRT System readiness test
SST Special Service Tools
T
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
TC Turbocharger
TCM Transmission control module
TCS Traction control system
TCU Telematics communication unit
TP Throttle position
TPMS Tire pressure monitoring system
TSS Turbine shaft speed
TWC Three way catalytic converter
V
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION B
VCM Vehicle control module
VDC Vehicle dynamics control system
C
VIN Vehicle identification number
VSS Vehicle speed sensor
W D
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
WOT Wide open throttle
E
1
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
11 1st range first gear F
12 1st range second gear
1GR First gear
2
G
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
21 2nd range first gear
H
22 2nd range second gear
2GR Second gear
2WD Two wheel drive I
3
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
J
3GR Third gear
4
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
K
4GR Fourth gear
4WAS Four wheel active steer
4WD Four wheel drive L
5
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION
M
5GR Fifth gear
6
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION N
6GR Sixth gear
7
ABBREVIATION DESCRIPTION O
7GR Seventh gear
This vehicle has both new standard based on ISO* and previous standard bolts/nuts. There are some differ-
ences between these two types of bolts/ nuts; shape of the head, grade of strength, hexagonal width across
flats and the standard tightening torque.
• For guidance in discriminating, refer to GI-18, "Tightening Torque Table (New Standard Included)".
• If the tightening torque is not described in the description or figure, refer to GI-18, "Tightening Torque Table
(New Standard Included)".
*ISO: International Organization for Standardization
Tightening Torque Table (New Standard Included) INFOID:0000000011539195
CAUTION:
• The special parts are excluded.
• The bolts/nuts in these tables have a strength (discrimination) number/symbol assigned to the head
or the like. As to the relation between the strength grade in these tables and the strength (discrimi-
nation) number/symbol, refer to “DISCRIMINATION OF BOLTS AND NUTS”.
PREVIOUS STANDARD
SAIA0453E
Refer to the following chart for help in selecting the appropriate chemical product or sealant. B
Destination
Body Engine Grade Transmission
50-State California Canada
S 6M/T BDSALCY-EUA — BDSALCY-ENA
S CVT BDSALCZ-EUA BDSALCZ-EVA BDSALCZ-ENA
SV 6M/T — — BDSALDY-ENA
Sedan MRA8DE SV CVT BDSALDZ-EUA BDSALDZ-EVA BDSALDZ-ENA
FE+S CVT BDSALFZ-EUA — —
SR CVT BDSALRZ-EUA BDSALRZ-EVA BDSALRZ-ENA
SL CVT BDSALGZ-EUA BDSALGZ-EVA BDSALGZ-ENA
Prefix and suffix designations:
GI
ALAIA0073ZZ
I
1. Vehicle identification number (VIN) 2. Vehicle identification number 3. Emission control information label
plate (chassis number)
4. Air Conditioner specification label 5. F.M.V.S.S./C.M.V.S.S. certification 6. Tire and loading information label J
label
16
17
USA
AWAIA0074GB
CANADA
AWAIA0075GB
GI
MRA8DE
D
ALAIA0113ZZ
: Vehicle front
E
JPAIA0812ZZ
I
: Vehicle front
SAIA1338E
M
: Vehicle front
N
Dimensions INFOID:0000000011539203
Unit: mm (in) O
All except SR grades 4,625 (182.1)
Overall length
SR grades 4,635 (182.5)
Overall width 1,760 (69.3) P
Overall height 1,495 (58.9)
Front tread 1,530 (60.2)
Rear tread 1,530 (60.2)
Wheelbase 2,700 (106.3)
Unit: mm (in)
Conventional Spare
16 X 6.5J Steel/45 (1.77)
Road wheel/offset 16 X 6.5J Cast Aluminum/45 (1.77) 16x4T
17 X 6.5J Cast Aluminum/45 (1.77)
P205/55R16
Tire size T125/70D16
P205/50R17
D
The Supplemental Restraint System such as “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TENSIONER”, used along
with a front seat belt, helps to reduce the risk or severity of injury to the driver and front passenger for certain
types of collision. Information necessary to service the system safely is included in the SR and SB section of
this Service Manual. E
WARNING:
• To avoid rendering the SRS inoperative, which could increase the risk of personal injury or death in
the event of a collision which would result in air bag inflation, all maintenance must be performed by F
an authorized NISSAN/INFINITI dealer.
• Improper maintenance, including incorrect removal and installation of the SRS, can lead to personal
injury caused by unintentional activation of the system. For removal of Spiral Cable and Air Bag G
Module, see the SR section.
• Do not use electrical test equipment on any circuit related to the SRS unless instructed to in this
Service Manual. SRS wiring harnesses can be identified by yellow and/or orange harnesses or har-
ness connectors. H
When performing the procedure after removing cowl top cover, cover
the lower end of windshield with urethane, etc. L
PIIB3706J
O
Cautions in Removing Battery Terminal and AV Control Unit INFOID:0000000011539208
CAUTION:
Remove battery terminal and AV control unit after a lapse of 30 seconds or more after turning the igni- P
tion switch OFF.
NOTE:
After the ignition switch is turned OFF, the AV control unit continues operating for approximately 30 seconds.
Therefore, data corruption may occur if battery voltage is cut off within 30 seconds.
SGI285
SEF289H
JPAIA0335ZZ
D
• Before servicing the vehicle:
Protect fenders, upholstery and carpeting with appropriate covers.
Take caution that keys, buckles or buttons do not scratch paint. E
G
SGI234
WARNING: H
To prevent ECM from storing the diagnostic trouble codes, do not carelessly disconnect the harness
connectors which are related to the engine control system and TCM (transmission control module)
system. The connectors should be disconnected only when working according to the WORK FLOW of I
TROUBLE DIAGNOSES in EC and TM sections.
Three Way Catalyst INFOID:0000000011539210
J
If a large amount of unburned fuel flows into the catalyst, the catalyst temperature will be excessively high. To
prevent this, follow the instructions.
• Use unleaded gasoline only. Leaded gasoline will seriously damage the three way catalyst. K
• When checking for ignition spark or measuring engine compression, make tests quickly and only when nec-
essary.
• Do not run engine when the fuel tank level is low, otherwise the engine may misfire, causing damage to the
catalyst. L
Do not place the vehicle on flammable material. Keep flammable material off the exhaust pipe and the three
way catalyst.
M
Fuel INFOID:0000000011539211
Use unleaded regular gasoline with an octane rating of at least 87 AKI (Anti-Knock Index) number (Research
octane number 91). N
CAUTION:
• Using a fuel other than that specified could adversely affect the emission control system, and may O
also affect the warranty coverage.
• Under no circumstances should a leaded gasoline be used, because this will damage the three-way
catalyst.
• Do not use E-15 or E-85 fuel in your vehicle. Your vehicle is not designed to run on E-15 or E-85 fuel. P
Using E-15 or E-85 fuel in a vehicle not specifically designed for E-15 or E-85 fuel can adversely
affect the emission control devices and systems of the vehicle. Damage caused by such fuel is not
covered by the NISSAN new vehicle limited warranty.
• U.S. government regulations require ethanol dispensing pumps to be identified by a small, square,
orange and black label with the common abbreviation or the appropriate percentage for that region.
SGI787
Hoses INFOID:0000000011539213
SMA019D
• To reinstall the rubber hose securely, make sure that hose insertion
length and orientation is correct. (If tube is equipped with hose
stopper, insert rubber hose into tube until it butts up against hose
stopper.)
SMA020D
HOSE CLAMPING
• If old rubber hose is re-used, install hose clamp in its original posi-
tion (at the indentation where the old clamp was). If there is a trace
of tube bulging left on the old rubber hose, align rubber hose at
that position.
• Discard old clamps; replace with new ones.
SMA021D
SMA022D
D
Engine Oils INFOID:0000000011539214
Prolonged and repeated contact with used engine oil may cause skin cancer. Try to avoid direct skin contact
with used oil. E
If skin contact is made, wash thoroughly with soap or hand cleaner as soon as possible.
HEALTH PROTECTION PRECAUTIONS
• Avoid prolonged and repeated contact with oils, particularly used engine oils. F
• Wear protective clothing, including impervious gloves where practicable.
• Do not put oily rags in pockets.
• Avoid contaminating clothes, particularly underpants, with oil. G
• Heavily soiled clothing and oil-impregnated footwear should not be worn. Overalls must be cleaned regu-
larly.
• First aid treatment should be obtained immediately for open cuts and wounds. H
• Use barrier creams, applying them before each work period, to help the removal of oil from the skin.
• Wash with soap and water to ensure all oil is removed (skin cleansers and nail brushes will help). Prepara-
tions containing lanolin replace the natural skin oils which have been removed.
• Do not use gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, gas oil, thinners or solvents for cleaning skin. I
• If skin disorders develop, obtain medical advice without delay.
• Where practical, degrease components prior to handling.
• Where there is a risk of eye contact, eye protection should be worn, for example, chemical goggles or face J
shields; in addition an eye wash facility should be provided.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PRECAUTIONS
Dispose of used oil and used oil filters through authorized waste disposal contractors to licensed waste dis- K
posal sites, or to the waste oil reclamation trade. If in doubt, contact the local authority for advice on disposal
facilities.
It is illegal to pour used oil on to the ground, down sewers or drains, or into water sources.
L
The regulations concerning pollution vary between regions.
Air Conditioning INFOID:0000000011539215
M
Use an approved refrigerant recovery unit any time the air conditioning system must be discharged. Refer to
HA-46, "Service Data and Specification (SDS)".
The actual shapes of Kent-Moore tools may differ from those of special service tools illustrated here.
Tool number
(Kent-Moore No.) Description
Tool name
LM4086-0200
( - )
Board on attachment
S-NT001
LM4519-0000
( - )
Safety stand attachment
S-NT002
CAUTION:
• Every time the vehicle is lifted up, maintain the complete vehicle curb condition.
• Since the vehicle's center of gravity changes when removing main parts on the front side (engine,
transmission, suspension etc.), support a jack up point on the rear side garage jack with a transmis-
sion jack or equivalent.
• Since the vehicle's center of gravity changes when removing main parts on the rear side (rear axle,
suspension, etc.), support a jack up point on the front side garage jack with a transmission jack or
equivalent.
• Be careful not to smash or do anything that would affect piping parts.
Garage Jack and Safety Stand and 2-Pole Lift INFOID:0000000011539217
WARNING:
• Park the vehicle on a level surface when using the jack. Make sure to avoid damaging pipes, tubes,
etc. under the vehicle.
• Never get under the vehicle while it is supported only by the jack. Always use safety stands when
you have to get under the vehicle.
• Place wheel chocks at both front and back of the wheels on the ground.
• Lift at reinforced area of front suspension member where lower control arm attaches, staying in cen-
ter line of wheels.
• When lifting the vehicle, open the lift arms as wide as possible and ensure that the front and rear of
the vehicle are well balanced.
• When setting the lift arm, do not allow the arm to contact the brake tubes, brake cable, fuel lines and
sill spoiler.
GI
I
ALAIA0074ZZ
1. Garage jack point (front) 2. Garage jack point (rear) 3. Safety stand point and lift up point
(front) J
4. Safety stand point and lift up point
(rear)
K
Board-on Lift INFOID:0000000011539218
CAUTION: L
Make sure vehicle is empty when lifting.
• The board-on lift attachment (A) set at front end of vehicle
should be set on the front of the sill under the front door M
opening.
• Position attachments at front and rear ends of board-on lift.
: Vehicle front N
JMAIA0004ZZ
NISSAN recommends that vehicle be towed with driving (front) wheels off the ground or that a dolly be used.
CAUTION:
• All applicable state or Provincial laws and local laws regard-
ing the towing operation must be obeyed.
• It is necessary to use proper towing equipment to avoid pos-
sible damage to the vehicle during towing operation. Towing
is in accordance with Towing Procedure Manual at dealer.
• Always attach safety chains before towing.
• When towing, check that the transmission, steering system
and powertrain are in good order. If any unit is damaged, dol-
lies must be used.
• When towing CVT or M/T models with the rear wheels on the
ground (if you do not use towing dollies): Always release the
parking brake.
• When towing CVT models or M/T models with the front wheels
on towing dollies:
- Turn the ignition switch to the OFF position, and secure the
steering wheel in a straight ahead position with a rope or sim-
ilar device. Never secure the steering wheel by turning the
ignition switch to the LOCK position. This may damage the
steering lock mechanism.
- Move the selector lever to the N (Neutral) position.
• Observe the following restricted towing speeds and distances
for manual transmissions (M/T) only when any wheels are
touching the ground:
- Speed: Below 80 km/h (50 MPH) ALAIA0075ZZ
ALAIA0076ZZ
GI
FRONT
1. Remove the hook cover from the bumper using a remover tool.
B
2. Securely install the vehicle recovery hook stored with jacking
tools.
NOTE:
To help prevent squeaks and rattles, check that the hook is properly C
secured in the stored place after use.
WARNING:
• Stand clear of a stuck vehicle. D
• Do not spin your tires at high speed. This could cause them to
explode and result in serious injury. Parts of your vehicle
could also overheat and be damaged. JMAIA0350ZZ
E
CAUTION:
• Tow chains or cables must be attached only to the vehicle recovery hooks or main structural mem-
bers of the vehicle. Otherwise, the vehicle body will be damaged.
• Do not use the vehicle tie downs to free a vehicle stuck in sand, snow, mud, etc. Never tow the vehi- F
cle using the vehicle tie downs or recovery hooks.
• Always pull the cable straight out from the front of the vehicle. Never pull on the hook at an angle.
• Pulling devices should be routed so they do not touch any part of the suspension, steering, brake or G
cooling systems.
• Pulling devices such as ropes or canvas straps are not recommended for use in vehicle towing or
recovery.
H
REAR
The vehicle rear recovery hook is located in the right rear undercar-
riage area. I
JMAIA0351ZZ
CVT L
To tow a vehicle equipped with a CVT, an appropriate vehicle dolly MUST be placed under the towed vehicle's
drive wheels. Always follow the dolly manufacture's recommendations when using their product. M
If the vehicle is stuck in sand, snow, mud, etc., use the following procedure:
1. Turn off the Vehicle Dynamic Control System.
2. Make sure the area in front and behind the vehicle is clear of obstructions. N
3. Turn the steering wheel right and left to clear an area around the front tires.
4. Slowly rock the vehicle forward and backward.
O
Shift back and forth between R (reverse) and D (drive).
Apply the accelerator as little as possible to maintain the rocking motion.
Release the accelerator pedal before shifting between R and D.
Do not spin the tires above 55 km/h (34 MPH). P
5. If the vehicle can not be freed after a few tries, contact a professional towing service to remove the vehi-
cle.
WORK FLOW
SGI838
STEP DESCRIPTION
Get detailed information about the conditions and the environment when the incident occurred.
The following are key pieces of information required to make a good analysis:
WHAT Vehicle Model, Engine, Transmission/Transaxle and the System (i.e. Radio).
STEP 1 WHEN Date, Time of Day, Weather Conditions, Frequency.
WHERE Road Conditions, Altitude and Traffic Situation.
System Symptoms, Operating Conditions (Other Components Interaction).
HOW
Service History and if any After Market Accessories have been installed.
Operate the system, road test if necessary.
STEP 2 Verify the parameter of the incident.
If the problem cannot be duplicated, refer to “Incident Simulation Tests”.
Get the proper diagnosis materials together including:
• Power Supply Routing
• System Operation Descriptions
STEP 3
• Applicable Service Manual Sections
• Check for any Service Bulletins
Identify where to begin diagnosis based upon your knowledge of the system operation and the customer comments.
Inspect the system for mechanical binding, loose connectors or wiring damage.
STEP 4 Determine which circuits and components are involved and diagnose using the Power Supply Routing and Harness Lay-
outs.
STEP 5 Repair or replace the incident circuit or component.
Operate the system in all modes. Verify the system works properly under all conditions. Make sure you have not inad-
STEP 6
vertently created a new incident during your diagnosis or repair steps.
PRECAUTIONS
• Never reverse polarity of battery terminals.
• Install only parts specified for a vehicle.
• Before replacing the control unit, check the input and output and functions of the component parts.
• Do not apply excessive force when disconnecting a connector.
D
• When using a DMM, be careful not to let test probes get close to
each other to prevent the power transistor in the control unit from
damaging battery voltage because of short circuiting. E
• When checking input and output signals of the control unit, use the
specified check adapter.
F
SEF348N
K
How to Check Terminal INFOID:0000000011539223
Tool number
(TechMate No.) Description
Tool name
N
–
(J-48817) P
Harness repair kit
ALAIA0137ZZ
SGI841
FEMALE TERMINAL
• There is a small notch above each female terminal. Probe each
terminal with the “T” pin through the notch.
Do not insert any object other than the same type male terminal
into female terminal.
SEL265V
SEL266V
MALE TERMINAL
• Carefully probe the contact surface of each terminal using a “T”
pin.
CAUTION:
Dot not bend terminal.
SEL267V
SEL270V
E
3. While holding the wire of the male terminal, try to insert the male
terminal into the female terminal.
CAUTION:
Do not force the male terminal into the female terminal with F
your hands.
H
SEL271V
SEL272V
L
• If the male terminal can be easily inserted into the female ter-
minal, replace the female terminal.
M
SEL273V
SEL275V
SEL330V
DESCRIPTION
Sometimes the symptom is not present when the vehicle is brought in for service. If possible, re-create the
conditions present at the time of the incident. Doing so may help avoid a No Trouble Found Diagnosis. The fol-
lowing section illustrates ways to simulate the conditions/environment under which the owner experiences an
electrical incident.
The section is broken into the six following topics:
• Vehicle vibration
• Heat sensitive
• Freezing
• Water intrusion
• Electrical load
• Cold or hot start up
Get a thorough description of the incident from the customer. It is important for simulating the conditions of the
problem.
VEHICLE VIBRATION
The problem may occur or become worse while driving on a rough road or when engine is vibrating (idle with
A/C on). In such a case, you will want to check for a vibration related condition. Refer to the following illustra-
tion.
SGI839
Engine Compartment D
There are several reasons a vehicle or engine vibration could cause an electrical complaint. Some of the
things to check for are:
• Connectors not fully seated. E
• Wiring harness not long enough and is being stressed due to engine vibrations or rocking.
• Wires laying across brackets or moving components.
• Loose, dirty or corroded ground wires.
F
• Wires routed too close to hot components.
To inspect components under the hood, start by verifying the integrity of ground connections. (Refer to Ground
Inspection described later.) First check that the system is properly grounded. Then check for loose connection
by gently shaking the wiring or components as previously explained. Using the wiring diagrams inspect the G
wiring for continuity.
Behind the Instrument Panel
An improperly routed or improperly clamped harness can become pinched during accessory installation. Vehi- H
cle vibration can aggravate a harness which is routed along a bracket or near a screw.
Under Seating Areas
An unclamped or loose harness can cause wiring to be pinched by seat components (such as slide guides) I
during vehicle vibration. If the wiring runs under seating areas, inspect wire routing for possible damage or
pinching.
HEAT SENSITIVE J
• The customer's concern may occur during hot weather or after car
has sat for a short time. In such cases you will want to check for a
heat sensitive condition. K
• To determine if an electrical component is heat sensitive, heat the
component with a heat gun or equivalent.
CAUTION: L
Do not heat components above 60°C (140°).
• If incident occurs while heating the unit, either replace or properly
insulate the component.
M
SGI842
FREEZING N
• The customer may indicate the incident goes away after the car
warms up (winter time). The cause could be related to water freez-
ing somewhere in the wiring/electrical system.
• There are two methods to check for this. The first is to arrange for O
the owner to leave his car overnight. Make sure it will get cold
enough to demonstrate his complaint. Leave the car parked out-
side overnight. In the morning, do a quick and thorough diagnosis P
of those electrical components which could be affected.
• The second method is to put the suspect component into a freezer
long enough for any water to freeze. Reinstall the part into the car
and check for the reoccurrence of the incident. If it occurs, repair or
SGI843
replace the component.
WATER INTRUSION
SGI844
ELECTRICAL LOAD
The incident may be electrical load sensitive. Perform diagnosis with
all accessories (including A/C, rear window defogger, radio, fog
lamps) turned on.
SGI845
DESCRIPTION
• In general, testing electrical circuits is an easy task if it is approached in a logical and organized method.
Before beginning it is important to have all available information on the system to be tested. Also, get a thor-
ough understanding of system operation. Then you will be able to use the appropriate equipment and follow
the correct test procedure.
• You may have to simulate vehicle vibrations while testing electrical components. Gently shake the wiring
harness or electrical component to do this.
OPEN A circuit is open when there is no continuity through a section of the circuit.
There are two types of shorts.
When a circuit contacts another circuit and causes the normal resistance to
SHORT • SHORT CIRCUIT
change.
• SHORT TO GROUND When a circuit contacts a ground source and grounds the circuit.
NOTE:
Refer to GI-37, "How to Check Terminal" to probe or check terminal.
TESTING FOR “OPENS” IN THE CIRCUIT
D
SGI846-A
SGI847-A
SGI853 F
VOLTAGE DROP TESTS
• Voltage drop tests are often used to find components or circuits which have excessive resistance. A voltage
drop in a circuit is caused by a resistance when the circuit is in operation. G
• Check the wire in the illustration. When measuring resistance with DMM, contact by a single strand of wire
will give reading of 0 ohms. This would indicate a good circuit. When the circuit operates, this single strand
of wire is not able to carry the current. The single strand will have a high resistance to the current. This will H
be picked up as a slight voltage drop.
• Unwanted resistance can be caused by many situations as follows:
- Undersized wiring (single strand example)
- Corrosion on switch contacts I
- Loose wire connections or splices.
• If repairs are needed always use wire that is of the same or larger gauge.
Measuring Voltage Drop — Accumulated Method J
• Connect the DMM across the connector or part of the circuit you want to check. The positive lead of the
DMM should be closer to power and the negative lead closer to ground.
• Operate the circuit. K
• The DMM will indicate how many volts are being used to “push” current through that part of the circuit.
Note in the illustration that there is an excessive 4.1 volt drop between the battery and the bulb.
L
SGI974
SAIA0258E
MGI034A
MGI035A
NOTE:
This vehicle is diagnosed using the CONSULT-III plus.
• When CONSULT is connected with a data link connector
equipped on the vehicle side, it will communicate with the control
unit equipped in the vehicle and then enable various kinds of diag-
nostic tests.
JSAIA2377ZZ
OCCUPANT DETECTION
TRANSMISSION2
METER/M&A
MULTI AV1
IPDM E/R
AIR BAG
ENGINE
HVAC3
Direct Diagnostic
BCM
ABS
EPS
Description
Mode
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
If the CONSULT cannot diagnose the system properly, check the following items.
ABAWA0168GB