GENERAL MATHEMATICS - Grade 11

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Quarter 1-Week 9: Learning Activity Sheet 1

Representing a Logarithmic Function through Its Table of Values, Graph,
and Equation, and Finding the Domain, Range, Intercepts, Zeroes, and
Asymptotes of a Logarithmic Function

Welcome back, dear young mathematician! You are now on the 9th week of

Quarter 1. In the previous week, you were able to solve logarithmic equations and

inequalities.

This week, you will be exploring Logarithmic Functions.

After representing a logarithmic function through its table of values,

its graph and equation will follow. Finding its domain and range is

another task related to its graph and table of values.

Now, it’s time for you to explore and learn. Good luck!

mathematician!

Background Information for Learners

A logarithmic function in the form of 𝑓(𝑥) = log 𝑏 𝑥 can be represented using its table of
values, graph, or equation.

Example 1. In a psychology experiment, volunteers were asked to memorize a list of words. After
24 hours, on average, the subject had forgotten 20% of the words. The more lists memorized, the
larger the unrecalled words.

Number of lists, n 1 4 8 12 16 20
Percent forgotten, F 20 40 55 66 74 80

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a. Plot the data. What sort of function
seems to fit the data points?

b. Psychologists often describe rates

of forgetting by logarithmic
functions. Graph the function
𝑓 (𝑛) = 16.6 + 46.3 log 𝑛
on the same graph with your data.

c. Does this behavior accurately

reflect the situation being
modeled?

Table of values and Graphs of Logarithmic Functions

Table of values of a logarithmic function can be illustrated by interchanging the rows of table
of values of its equivalent exponential function.

Example 2. We can obtain a table of values for 𝑔(𝑥) = log 2 𝑥 by making a table of 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 and
then interchanging the rows. Remember y = log 𝑏 𝑥, if and only if 𝑥 = 𝑏 𝑦

𝑥 -2 -1 0 1 2
𝑥 1 1
𝑓 (𝑥 ) = 2 1 2 4
4 2

𝑥 1 1 1 2 4
4 2

𝑔(𝑥 ) = log 2 𝑥 -2 -1 0 1 2

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PROPERTIES OF LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS: Given 𝒚 = 𝐥𝐨𝐠𝒃 𝒙
1. The domain is the set of all positive numbers, or {x | x > 0}.
2. The range is the set of all real numbers.
3. It is a one-to-one function. It satisfies the Horizontal Line Test.
4. The x-intercept is 1. There is no y-intercept. (Set 𝑦 = 0 to find x-intercept)
5. The vertical asymptote is the line x = 0 (or the y-axis). There is no horizontal asymptote.
(Vertical asymptote is x-intercept minus 1.)

Example 3. Sketch the graphs of y = 2log2x. Determine the domain, range, vertical asymptote,
x-intercept, and zero.

The graph of y = 2log2 x can be obtained from the graph of y = log2 x by multiplying each y-
coordinate by 2, as the following table of signs shows.

Analysis:
a. Domain: {{𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 0}}
b. Range: {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ}
c. Vertical Asymptote: 𝑥 = 0
d. 𝑥 − 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡: 1

Learning Competencies

• Represents a logarithmic function through its table of values, graph, and equation.
M11GM-Ih-i-1
• Finds the domain and range of a logarithmic function. M11GM-Ii-3
• Determines the intercepts, zeroes, and asymptotes of logarithmic functions. M11GM-Ii-4

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 Activities

Activity 1 – MATCH ME

Directions: Match the table that represents its function.

FUNCTION TABLE
𝑥 1 1 10 100 1000
1. 𝑓(𝑥) = log10 𝑥 10
Log function -1 0 1 2 3

𝑥 1 3 9 27 81
2. 𝑔(𝑥) = log2 𝑥 Log function 0 1 2 3 4

𝑥 3 6 12 19 24
3. ℎ(𝑥) = log1/2 𝑥
Log function 0 3/10 3/5 4/5 9/10

𝑥 4 2 1 1 1
4. v(x) = log3 𝑥 2 4
Log function -2 -1 0 1 2
𝑥
5. 𝑘(𝑥) = log 𝑥 1 2 4 8 16
3
Log function 0 1 2 3 4

Directions: Represent each logarithmic function by pole fishing its table of values, graph and
equation.

Activity 2 – REPRESENT LOGARITHMIC FUNCTION: POLE FISH TABLE OF VALUES, GRAPH, AND
EQUATION.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
𝑓(𝑥) = 2.63 + 1.03 log 𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) = log 5 𝑥 𝑓(𝑥) = log 3 𝑥 − 1 𝑓(𝑥) = log 2 (𝑥) + 4 𝑓(𝑥) = 2 log 3 𝑥
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

𝑥 1 5 25 125
𝑓(𝑥) 0 1 2 3
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-
NC 𝑥 9 27 81 243
𝑓(𝑥) 1 2 3 4

𝑥 3 9 27 81
𝑓(𝑥) 2 4 6 8

Equations: 𝑥 1 2 4 8
4 = log 5 625 𝑓(𝑥) 4 5 6 7
3 = log 3 81 − 1
𝑥 2.63 3.66 4.69 5.72
8 = 2 log 3 81
𝑓(𝑥) 0 1 2 3
9 = log 2 32 + 4
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed
3.35 = 2.63 + 1.03 log 5 Table of Values

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 Activity #3 – HELLOG, WE ARE YOUR DOMAIN AND RANGE

Directions: Analyze the logarithmic function based on the properties. Find its domain, range, vertical
asymptote, and x-intercept.

Logarithmic Function domain range vertical x-intercept

asymptote
1. 𝑔(𝑥) = log0.5 𝑥

2. ℎ(𝑥) = 3log2 𝑥

3. 𝑓(𝑥) = log3(𝑥 − 3)

4. 𝑡(𝑥) = log2 (𝑥 − 1) +
2
5. 𝑣(𝑥) = log0.25 (𝑥 − 3)

IV. Questions to Ponder

• How do you determine the domain and range of a logarithmic function?
______________________________________________________________________________

• How do you find its vertical asymptote and x-intercept?

______________________________________________________________________________

Reflection

1. What are your learnings from the activities?

___________________________________________________________________________

2. What did you like most from this lesson?

__________________________________________________________________________ .

3. What is the most challenging or least interesting from the activities?

_________________________________________________________________________ .

References

Katherine Yoshiwara, Bruce Yoshiwara. (2001). Modeling, Functions, and Graphs. California, USA:
Brooks/Cole.
Versoza, Debbie Marie et.al. (2016). General Mathematics Learner’s Material First Edition.
Pasig City, Philippines: Lexicon Press Inc.
Teachers pay teachers, Easel activities. https://www.teacherspayteachers.com/

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Writer
HILDA C. REMENDADO
Prepared by :
Congratulations young mathematician! You made it!
Activity #3 – HELLOG, WE ARE YOUR DOMAIN AND RANGE
Log Function domain range Vertical x-intercept
Asymptote
1. 𝑔(𝑥) = log0.5 𝑥 {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 0} {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ} 𝑥=0 1
2. ℎ(𝑥) = 3log2 𝑥 {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 0} {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ} 𝑥=0 1
3. 𝑓(𝑥) = log3(𝑥 − 3) {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 0} {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ} 𝑥=0 4
4. 𝑡(𝑥) = log2 (𝑥 − 1) + {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 0} {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ} 𝑥=0 5
2 4
5. 𝑣(𝑥) = log0.25 (𝑥 − 3) {𝑥|𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 0} {𝑦|𝑦 ∈ ℝ} 𝑥=0 4