DIgSILENT PowerFactory

Relay model description

AEG PS 451

Version 002
 DIgSILENT GmbH

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72810 - Gomaringen
Germany

T: +49 7072 9168 00

F: +49 7072 9168 88

http://www.digsilent.de
info@digsilent.de

Format rev. 1, Copyright ©2012, DIgSILENT GmbH. Copyright of this document belongs to DIgSILENT
GmbH. No part of this document may be reproduced, copied, or transmitted in any form, by any means
electronic or mechanical, without the prior written permission of DIgSILENT GmbH.

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 1

Contents

Contents

List of Figures 3

1 Model information 4

2 General description 4

3 Supported features 4

3.1 Measurement and acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

3.1.1 Available elements and input signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.1.2 Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

3.1.3 Data input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.2 Protective elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.2.1 Available Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

3.2.2 Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3.2.3 Data input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

3.3 Output logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.3.1 Available elements and relay output signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.3.2 Functionality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

3.3.3 Data input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

4 Features not supported 10

4.1 All relay models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

4.2 PS451-M only . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

5 Scheme 11

5.1 PS451-DT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

5.2 PS451-IDMT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5.3 PS451-M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

6 References 14

7 Change Log 15

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 2

List of Figures

List of Figures

5.1 AEG PS 451 -DT relay model connection scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

5.2 AEG PS 451 -IDMT relay model connection scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

5.3 AEG PS 451 -M relay model connection scheme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 3

3 Supported features

1 Model information

Manufacturer AEG

Model PS 451

Variants This PowerFactory relay models cover most the features present in the different
firmware versions of the AEG PS 451 relay .

Minimum requirements PowerFactory V 14.1

2 General description

The microprocessor controlled, multifunctional overcurrent-time protection device AEG PS 451 is

suitable for definite time or inverse-time overcurrent protection of h.v. motors, transformers, and
power lines.
The PS 451 time-overcurrent protection device is a four-pole (A, B, C, N) measurement relay with
phase-selective phase current timer stage with DTOC and IDMT characteristics, time-lag high
set phase current timer stage, residual current timer stage with DTOC and IDMT characteristics,
time-lag high set residual current timer stage, tripping matrix and circuit-breaker failure protection.
In overload protection mode overload protection via thermal replica of the machine protects
motors, transformers, and power lines against thermal overload.

The PowerFactory AEG PS 451 relay models are monolithic models and simulate most of the
protective elements available in the relay. The following relay models are available:

• PS451-DT (to simulate the DT Mode)

• PS451-IDMT (to simulate the IDMT Mode)
• PS451-M (to simulate the MP Mode)

According to the selected protection mode one of the relay model version must be used.

The model implementation has been based on the information available in the relay technical
brochures [2] [1].

3 Supported features

3.1 Measurement and acquisition

It represents the interface between the power system and the relay protective elements. The
currents flowing in the power system are converted by a block which simulates the 3 phase
CT and by a block which models a single phase CT detecting the earth current; the secondary
currents are then measured in the relay model by two elements which simulate the digital
sampling of the relay.

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 4

3 Supported features

3.1.1 Available elements and input signals

The Measurement and acquisition feature consists of the following elements:

• One 3 phase current transformer (”Ct-3P” block).

• One single phase current transformer (”Ct-3I0” block).
• One 3 phase measurement element (”Measure Ph” block).
• One single phase measurement element (”Measure 3I0” block).

The following relay input signals are available to block the protective elements:

PS451-DT

• Block I > controlling I >

• Block I > >1 controlling I > >1
• Block I > >2 controlling I > >2
• Block In > controlling Ie >

PS451-IDMT

• Block Ib controlling Ib
• Block I > >1 controlling I > >1
• Block I > >2 controlling I > >2
• Block In > controlling Ieb

PS451-MP

• Block Ib controlling Ib
• Block I > >1 controlling I > >1
• Block I > >2 controlling I > >2
• Block In > controlling Ie >

3.1.2 Functionality

The ”Ct-3P” and the ”Ct-3I0” block represent ideal CTs. Using the CT default configuration the
current at the primary side are converted to the secondary side using the CT ratio. The CT
saturation and/or its magnetizing characteristic are not considered. Please set the ”Detailed
Model” check box in the ”Detailed Data” tab page of the CT dialog and insert the data regarding
the CT burden, the CT secondary resistance and the CT excitation parameter if more accurate
simulation results are required.

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 5

3 Supported features

The ”Measure Ph” and the ”Measure 3I0” block measure the currents sampling the input waves
at 20 samples/cycles. The RMS values are calculated with a rectangular integration over a full
cycle.

The input signals can be used to simulate the reverse interlocking feature.

3.1.3 Data input

The CT secondary rated current (1 or 5 A) value must be set in the ”Measure Ph” and in the
”Measure 3I0” block.

If no core CT is available please select the 3 phases CT also in the ”Ct-3I0” slot: the earth current
will be calculated assuming that an Holmgreen’s connection of the phases is used.

3.2 Protective elements

A set of inverse time and definite time overcurrent elements is modeling the relay protective
functions. All the inverse characteristics available in the relay are available in the inverse time
model blocks. The breaker failure feature is also modeled.

3.2.1 Available Units

Overcurrent elements

PS451-DT

• Three 3-phase non-directional definite time overcurrent protection elements (”I >”, ”I> >1”
and ”I > >2” block).
• Two residual definite time overcurrent protection elements (”Ie >” and ”Ie > >” block).

PS451-IDMT

• One 3-phase non-directional Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT) characteristic overcur-
rent element(”Ib” block).
• Two 3-phase non-directional definite time overcurrent protection elements (”I> >1” and
”I > >2” block).
• One residual non-directional Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT) characteristic overcur-
rent element(”Ieb” block).
• One residual non-directional definite time overcurrent protection element (”Ie >” and ”Ie> >”
block).

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 6

3 Supported features

PS451-M

• One 3-phase non-directional thermal image element(”Ib” block).

• Two 3-phase non-directional definite time overcurrent protection elements (”I> >1” and
”I > >2” block).
• Two residual non-directional definite time overcurrent protection elements (”Ie>” and ”Ie> >”
block).

Breaker failure

• One timer element (”TimerCBF” block).

• One logic element (”Starting” block).

3.2.2 Functionality

Overcurrent elements The inverse time overcurrent elements (”I >IDMT” and ”In>IDMT” block)
support the following trip characteristics:

• Extremly inverse.
• Long time inverse.
• Normally inverse.

• RI inverse.
• Very inverse.

The relationship between current and time values for the ”Normal Inverse”, ”Very Inverse”, ”Ex-
tremely Inverse” and ” Long Time Inverse” characteristic complies with the IEC 60255-3 and
the BS 142 standards. The ”RI inverse” characteristic is a special characteristic used mainly in
combination with existing mechanical relays.

Breaker failure The logic element (”Starting” block) is collecting the starting signals of the
overcurrent elements. The input signals are combined by an OR logic and the resulting signal is
sent to the timer element (”TimerCBF” block) together with the relay trip output signal. When
both signals are on for a time longer than the time set in the timer element, a breaker failure
condition is declared.

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 7

3 Supported features

3.2.3 Data input

The relationships between the relay settings and the model parameters can be found in the
following tables (the relay model parameter names are listed between brackets):

Overcurrent elements:
PS451-DT :
Address Relay Setting Model block Model setting Note
I> I> Pickup Current (Ipset)
tI > I> Time Setting (Tset)
I > >1 I > >1 Pickup Current (Ipset)
tI > >1 I > >1 Time Setting (Tset)
I > >2 I > >2 Pickup Current (Ipset)
tI > >2 I > >2 Time Setting (Tset)
IN > Ie > Pickup Current (Ipset)
tIN > Ie > Time Setting (Tset)
IN > > Ie > > Pickup Current (Ipset)
tIN > > : Ie > > Time Setting (Tset)

PS451-IDMT :
Address Relay Setting Model block Model setting Note
Setting IB Ib Current Setting (Ipset)
Characteristic factor kL Ib Time Dial (Tpset)
Phase current characteristic type Ib Characteristic (pcharac)
I> I> Pickup Current (Ipset)
tI > I> Time Setting (Tset)
I > >1 I > >1 Pickup Current (Ipset)
tI > >1 I > >1 Time Setting (Tset)
I > >2 I > >2 Pickup Current (Ipset)
tI > >2 I > >2 Time Setting (Tset)
Setting IN B Ieb Current Setting (Ipset)
Characteristic factor kN Ieb Time Dial (Tpset)
Residual current characteristic type Ieb Characteristic (pcharac)
IN > > Ie > > Pickup Current (Ipset)
tIN > > : Ie > > Time Setting (Tset)

PS451-M :
Address Relay Setting Model block Model setting Note
Setting IB Ib Current Setting (Ipset)
Characteristic factor k1B Ib Time Dial (Tpset)
Characteristic type Ib Characteristic (pcharac)
I> I> Pickup Current (Ipset)
tI > I> Time Setting (Tset)
I > >1 I > >1 Pickup Current (Ipset)
tI > >1 I > >1 Time Setting (Tset)
I > >2 I > >2 Pickup Current (Ipset)
tI > >2 I > >2 Time Setting (Tset)
IN > Ie > Pickup Current (Ipset)
tIN > Ie > Time Setting (Tset)
IN > > Ie > > Pickup Current (Ipset)
tIN > > : Ie > > Time Setting (Tset)

Breaker failure :
Address Relay Setting Model block Model setting Note
tCBF TimerCBF Time Setting (Tdelay)

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 8

3 Supported features

3.3 Output logic

It represents the output stage of the relay; it’s the interface between the relay and the power
breaker.

3.3.1 Available elements and relay output signals

The following elements are part of the Output logic feature:

• one overcurrent elements trip element (”TripLogic” block).

• one breaker failure trip element (”CBFLogic” block).

The following relay output signals are available:

• ”Tripping”
• ”youtCBF”

3.3.2 Functionality

The ”TripLogic” block collects the trip signals coming from the overcurrent protective elements
and operates the ”Tripping” relay output signal. The ”TripLogic” block output contact is ”yout”.

The ”CBFLogic” block gets the breaker failure logic trip commands and operates the ”youtCBF”relay
output signal. The ”CBFLogic” block output contact is ”yout”.

Both ”TripLogic” and ”CBFLogic” operates the power breaker.

3.3.3 Data input

To disable the relay model ability to open the power circuit breaker simply disable the ”TripLogic”
and the ”CBFLogic” block.

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 9

4 Features not supported

4 Features not supported

The following features are not supported:

4.1 All relay models

• User configurable Tripping Matrix and Latch (any overcurrent protective element trips the
relay).
• Measuring Circuit Monitoring.

Please notice that time setting ranges with different step size e.g. tIN > >0.01-9.99 s (step size =
0.01 s) and for tIN> >10.0-99.9 s (step size = 0.1 s) are modeled with the full range and smallest
step size -> tIN > >0.01-99.9 s ( step size = 0.01s)

4.2 PS451-M only

• Start-up frequency monitoring and reclosure blocking.
• Logic for heavy starting and protection with blocked rotor.

• Unbalance protection.
• Low load protection.

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 10

5 Scheme

5 Scheme

5.1 PS451-DT

Figure 5.1: AEG PS 451 -DT relay model connection scheme

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 11

5 Scheme

5.2 PS451-IDMT

Figure 5.2: AEG PS 451 -IDMT relay model connection scheme

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 12

5 Scheme

5.3 PS451-M

Figure 5.3: AEG PS 451 -M relay model connection scheme

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 13

6 References

6 References
[1] AEG Starkstromanlagen Dresden GmbH, Bereich Schutz- und Schaltanlagenleittechnik
System Protection and Control, Konigsbrucker Strasse 124,D - 01099 Dresden P.O. Box 10
03 60, D-01073 Dresden Germany. Multifunctional Time-Overcurrent Protection Device AEG
PS 451 SLTS.06.047911295 EN Gr Lp.
[2] ALSTOM Energietechnik GmbH, Protection and Control Unit , Lyoner Straβe 44-48,D-60528
Frankfurt P.O. Box 710143, D-60491 Frankfurt Germany. Multifunctional Time-Overcurrent
Protection Device PS 451 AFSV.06.04792PDF 0899EN M M.

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 14

7 Change Log

7 Change Log

Version Date Comments

001 December 5, 2012 Initial version 14.1
002 April 19, 2013 Text beautification

AEG PS 451 Version: 002 15